Input is the term denote denoting either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a system and which activate modify a Process engineering process . It is an abstract concept, used in the model abstract model ing, system s design and system s exploitation. It is usually connected with other terms, e.g. , input field, input variable, input parameter, input value, input signal, input port, input device and input file file format . Input may refer to Advice opinion , an opinion or recommendation offered as a guide to action, conduct. Information , any data entered into a computer or data processing system, see input output The act of entering data into a computer or data processing system see Input output . Input device , any peripheral piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer Stimulus physiology , a detectable change in the environment that influences an activity of an organism Power consumption , an amount of power used by a system. International Public Television Screening Conference , an international public television organization In economics, a factor of production , a resource employed to produce goods and services. Distinguish Impute disambiguation See also Output Input output Gross Output Net output External links Wiktionary http www.thefreedictionary.com input Definitions of input by the freedictionary. disambig ar da Input de Input et Sisend es Entrada fa ko it Input he nl Ingang elektronica ja scn Ntrata sk Input sr ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 In computer programming , an input kludge is type of failure in computer software software an anti pattern where simple user input is not handled. For example, if a computer program accepts free text input from the user, an ad hoc algorithm will mishandle many combinations of legal and illegal input strings. Input kludges are usually difficult for a programmer to detect in a unit test , but very easy for the end user to find. The evidence exists that the end user can easily crash computing crash software that fails to correctly handle user input. Indeed, the buffer overflow security hole is an example of the problems caused. To remedy input kludges, one may use data validation input validation algorithms to handle user input. A monkey test can be used to detect an input kludge problem. A common first test to discover this problem is to roll one s hand across the computer keyboard or to mash the keyboard to produce a large junk input, but such an action often lacks reproducibility . Greater systematicity and reproducibility may be obtained by using fuzz testing software. See also Garbage In, Garbage Out Kludge Secure input and output handling DEFAULTSORT Input Kludge Category Anti patterns Category Programming bugs ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2007 Input capture is a method of dealing with input signals in an embedded system . Embedded systems using input capture will record a timestamp in memory when an input signal is received. It will also set a flag indicating that an input has been captured. This allows the system to continue executing without interruption while an input is being received while still having the capability to trigger events based on the exact time when the input was received. The corresponding capability to trigger an output at a specified time, based on a timestamp in memory, is called output compare . There are many programmable interrupt controller s that provide dedicated input capture pins and a programmable counter along with it. These pins generate interrupts to the controller, which then executes an interrupt service routine . The interrupts can be programmed to occur at the rising or falling edge of the input signal, depending on requirements. External links http ww1.microchip.com downloads en DeviceDoc 70198C.pdf Microchip s Input Capture application note for PIC family microcontrollers DEFAULTSORT Input Capture Category Embedded systems compu stub ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 File Ob gif ch.gif thumb right Typing Chinese using Chinese input methods for computers Chinese input methods , I am typing using a Chinese input method . Image IME demonstratie ... romaji based IME An input method is an operating system component or program that allows users to enter characters and symbols not found on their input device s. For instance, on the computer, this allows the user of Latin alphabet Latin Keyboard layout keyboards to input Chinese character Chinese ... to refer to a program to support the input of any language. To illustrate, in the X Window System, the facility to allow the input of Latin character s with diacritic s is also called an input method. Relationship between the methodology and implementation While the term input method editor ... computer science computer interface and implementation of input methods, or among the input methods ... the input method, and the general support of input methods in an operating system. This term has, for example .... The term input method generally refers to a particular way to use the keyboard to input a particular ... hand, the term input method editor on Microsoft products refers to the actual program that allows an input method to be used for example MS New Pinyin . Predictive Input Method PRIME , ref Cite document ... Predictive Text Input Method Using Dynamic Abbreviation Expansion publisher Transactions of Information ... the term of Input Method Engine , Input Method platform or Input Method environment , ref cite web url http www.scim im.org about features title Features & Goals publisher Smart Common Input Method SCIM ... the input. It can also apparently refer to a character palette, which allows any Unicode character to be input ... the data files upon which an input method relies. See also Internationalization and localization CJK characters Related techniques Alt codes Keyboard layout , in particular dead keys Input methods versus language Chinese input methods for computers Japanese language and computers and Japanese ... more details
In mathematical mathematical model modelling and system identification , the term input selection is used to denote the process of selecting those inputs which are most relevant in describing the output. The inputs which are retained after the input selection process are those that are used for the actual modelling. Math stub Category Mathematics ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced January 2010 cleanup January 2010 mergewith Cardiac output date January 2010 Cardiac input CI is the inverse operation of cardiac output CO . Cardiac output implies ejection fraction . Ejection fraction is an easily understood and inexpensively imaged mathematical model of Systole medicine systole . Ejection fraction EF end systolic volume ESV divided by end diastolic volume EDV . Cardiac output is a mathematical model of systole. Cardiac input implies injection fraction IF . IF end diastolic volume EDV divided by end systolic volume ESV . Cardiac input is a readily imaged mathematical model of diastole . Cardiovascular physiology DEFAULTSORT Cardiac Input Category Cardiology ... more details
Input port may refer to Input device , a generic term for any device that provides input to a system Parallel port , a computer hardware interface Serial port , a computer hardware interface Universal Serial Bus , a computer hardware interface IEEE 1394 interface , a computer hardware interface, known commonly as Firewire PS 2 connector , a common computer interface for mice and keyboards See also Output device Peripheral device Computer hardware Computer keyboard Mouse computer disambig ... more details
Krashen s input hypothesis . According to the input hypothesis, we acquire language only when we receive comprehensible input. This hypothesis is one of the most prominent modern theories in the fields of language acquisition first language acquisition and second language acquisition SLA . Input hypothesis ... claims that we move from i to i 1 by understanding input that contains i 1 . Extra linguistic ... The comprehensible input hypothesis can be restated in terms of the Stephen Krashen natural order ... between learning and acquisition ref It must be stressed however, that just any input is not sufficient, the input received must be comprehensible. ref name Krashen2003 According to Krashen, there are three corollaries to his theory. Corollaries of the input comprehension hypothesis Talking output ... information on output theories and hypotheses ref When enough comprehensible input is provided, i 1 is present br That is to say, that if language models and teachers provide enough comprehensible input, then the structures that acquirers are ready to learn will be present in that input. According ... the language in a natural order by receiving comprehensible input. ref name Krashen2003 Applications ... oral input Teachers must modify their speech so that it is comprehensible Demands ... subject matter teaching that uses modified academic texts to provide comprehensible input. Sheltered ... more details
pp semi indef An input device is any peripheral piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer . Input and output device ... 6DOF controller. Many input devices can be classified according to modality of input e.g. mechanical motion, audio, visual, etc. the input is discrete e.g. key presses or continuous e.g. a mouse ... navigators designed for CAD applications Pointing devices, which are input devices used to specify a position in space, can further be classified according to Whether the input is direct or indirect. With direct input, the input space coincides with the display space, i.e. pointing is done in the space ... direct input. Examples involving indirect input include the mouse and trackball . Whether the positional ... and repositioned Note that direct input is almost necessarily absolute, but indirect input ... screen involve indirect input and sense absolute positions and are often run in an absolute input mode, but they may also be setup to simulate a relative input mode where the stylus or puck can ... which is represented as a layout of buttons. Each button, or key, can be used to either input a linguistic ... to input spatial data to a computer. In the case of mice and touch screens, this is usually achieved ... way to navigate a computer s Graphic User Interface GUI . High degree of freedom input devices Some devices allow many continuous degrees of freedom as input. These can be used as pointing devices, but are generally ... Virtual Environment CAVEs , where input that registers 6DOF is required. Composite devices Image Wii Remote Image.jpg thumb Wii Remote with attached strap Input devices, such as buttons and joysticks ... to have more than two different forms of input. Game controller Gamepad or joypad Paddle game controller Wii Remote Imaging and Video input devices Video input devices are used to digitize images ... imaging Positron emission tomography Medical ultrasonography Audio input devices In the fashion of video ... more details
unreferenced date January 2007 Delimiterless input is a special feature of some mini and all micro computers in which the computer can recognize and act upon a single character or keypress without requiring use of a transmit or send key. Older mini and mainframe computers generally operated on a line at a time or screen at a time basis. The line was sent to the computer by pressing the return, enter, send or transmit key, depending on what the key was called. Editing of the typed in line was done on the screen via the delete or backspace key, and the entire line was transmitted to the computer when the send key was pressed. Mainframe computers such as IBM s System 370 370 and the System 38 used terminals such as the IBM 3270 which transmitted an entire screen of information all at once as opposed to a line at a time. Mini and mainframe computers tended to serve many users at one time, and using line at a time or screen at a time input is more efficient for the computer. Most of the activity of a user of one of these machines is either reading output sent to them or waiting for input to be sent back to the running program, and thus other users could be served while the specific user was composing input. Terminals connected to these machines had limited editing capability, and thus were sometimes referred to as dumb terminal s. Minicomputers such as the PDP 11 , and microcomputers personal computers such as the TRS 80 , Apple II and IBM PC were able to implement delimiterless input as part of their design specification. Microcomputers, generally having only one user connected to them, could afford to support the less efficient delimiterless input capability as keyboard input could be handled by less expensive circuitry than that used on more expensive machines. This would then lead to the development of much more powerful computer game games for personal computers. While ..., to either operate on line at a time or screen at a time input. DEFAULTSORT Delimiterless Input ... more details
Wikify date June 2009 In computer programming, an input mask refers to a string expression, defined by a developer, that governs what a user is allowed to enter in as input in a text box. It can be said to be a template, or set format that entered data must conform to, mainly used for the purposes of data integrity by preventing transcription error s. The syntax of this string expression differs from implementation to implementation, but the fundamental input types are all supported. Some frequent uses of input masks include inputting telephone numbers, ZIP or postal codes, times and dates. e.g. When entering into a text box a phone number on a data capture form, in the format 11111 111111 the area code brackets and the space between the number and the area code will automatically be placed in. Generally speaking, an input mask is a user generated set of rules, so if say only 45 characters, then the entry must stay up to or within 45 character, they cannot exceed this rules. This kind of string is useful in finding reports and healthcare files. An example would be LL00 00L this in detail shows what should be included. Category Computer programming compu prog stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 AV input is a common label on a Audio and video connector connector to receive AV audio visual signals from electronic equipment that generates AV signals AV output . These terminals are commonly found on such equipment as a television , DVD recorder or VHS VHS recorder , and typically take input from a DVD player , a tuner radio TV tuner , VHS VHS recorder or camcorder. Types of plugs used for video input Composite video RCA connector BNC connector UHF connector jack plug 1 8 inch plug S video DIN plug also used for Apple Desktop Bus Component video RCA connector RGBHV Digital video High Definition Multimedia Interface HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface Digital Visual Interface DVI Digital Video Interface FireWire IEEE 1394 FireWire SPDIF SPDIF Sony Philips Digital Interface DEFAULTSORT Av Input Category Audiovisual connectors ... more details
Unicode input is the use of a List of Unicode characters Unicode to insert a specific glyph or Character ... of an applet from which one can select the character, or by input of the Unicode from the keyboard . Many systems provide support of Unicode input in some form to allow selection of Unicode characters ... pro techniques glyphspalette enabled under System Preferences International Input Menu or System Preferences Language and Text Input Sources . Equivalent tools &ndash such as gucharmap GNOME ... code input Clause 5.1 of ISO 14755 describes a Basic method whereby a beginning sequence is followed ... Windows, if the Windows registry Keys and values registry key code HKEY CURRENT USER Control Panel Input ... setting this registry key for this input method to start working. The RichEdit control on Microsoft Windows as used in for example WordPad supports the following input method one first enters the character ... the Unicode Hex Input keyboard layout. Holding down the Option key , one then types the four digit ... The possibility of hexadecimal code input in linux depends on the system and applications. In the X.Org Server Xorg Server , hex input is still not implemented. ref https bugs.freedesktop.org show bug.cgi?id 26747 Xorg Bug 26747 X does not allow input of Unicode characters using Ctrl Shift followed by the character code ref KDE Qt uses standard Xorg input XIM , and therefore refuses to implement its own solution. ref http bugs.kde.org show bug.cgi?id 103788 KDE Bug 103788 input of arbitrary unicode ..., support Unicode input. OpenOffice.org and the webbrowser Firefox allow Unicodes. There are two methods for direct input of Unicode characters on linux Hold Ctrl Shift and type u and the four numbers ... w32 ref In Emacs , code Meta key M x ucs insert code . Decimal input On some applications on Microsoft ... 9881 associates Gr with unichar 2699 GEAR . GNU Emacs allows digraph entry by switching to rfc1345 input ... tools There are several tools that allow quick input of Unicode characters in applications. The input ... more details
Wikify date May 2010 Input enhancement Input enhancement is a concept in second language acquisition , coined by Mike Sharwood Smith , that is commonly used to signal methods that an instructor uses to make selected features of a second language more salient for learners in such a way as to facilitate acquisition Sharwood Smith 1991, 1993 . It may be contrasted with similar but not identical to concepts such as motherese or teacher talk where the main aim is to make the language comprehensible and where acquisition is not necessarily intended or is at least not the primary motive. It includes, but is not limited to a number of techniques such as avoiding vowel reduction typical of rapid or casual speech in some languages, simply slowing down the rate of speech, using exaggerated stress and intonation, more repetition of words and phrases, less pre verbal modification and more post verbal modification, use of gestures, visual enhancment in written text such as boldface and underlining, and the use of video. It also includes explicit, more traditional techniques drawing the learner s attention more overtly to how the language system works by discussing particular aspects of grammar and usage. Sharwood Smith distinguishes between external input enhancement , as illustrated above, and internal input enhancement where particular aspects of the target language become salient at a given stage simply as a result of some natural developmental process outside the learner s control and not because of outside intervention. Input enhancement was a term designed to replace the term grammatical consciousness raising CR Sharwood Smith 1981, Rutherford and Sharwood Smith 1985 since the newer term did not necessarily imply that any changes in the mind of the learner would necessarily result .... Second Language Research , 7 2 , 118 132. Sharwood Smith, M. 1993 . Input enhancement in instructed ... Input Enhancement Category Language education Category Language acquisition ... more details
Image input magazine cover ed 001.gif right 150px thumb Cover of the first issue of InputInput was a partwork published by Marshall Cavendish in the United Kingdom during 1984 and 1985, covering the subject of home computer programming . It was composed of 52 weekly editions which introduced several parallel themes such as computer graphics , word processing , Computer aided design CAD , video games games etc in each edition. These themes then were slowly developed with each new edition into BASIC and assembly language programs. The resulting programs were intended to run on a selection of the most popular home computers in the UK at the time the Sinclair ZX Spectrum , Commodore 64 , BBC Micro , Acorn Electron and Dragon 32 . A subset of the programs were also suitable for the Sinclair ZX81 , Commodore VIC 20 and Tandy TRS 80 Color Computer . The magazine was well known among hobbyists using these early computer architectures, since it provided a useful source of interesting programs in a wide range of themes. As was usually the case in home computer magazines of the era, the programs were Type in program listed in the pages of the magazine , and readers had to type them manually into their computers. The magazine was published in other countries, such as Brazil . Sections Each magazine had various colour coded sections which denoted the main subject of the article. These were divided into sections such as Machine Code, BASIC Programming and Peripherals. See also Computer magazine The Home Computer Course The Home Computer Advanced Course External links http youtube.com watch?v usiyCD2ptBQ TV advert for Input on YouTube Category Home computer magazines Category Defunct British computer magazines Category Publications established in 1984 Category Publications disestablished in 1985 Category Partworks pt Input ... more details
Input Shaping is a control technique for reducing vibrations in computer controlled machines. The method works by creating a command signal that cancels its own vibration. That is, vibration caused by the first part of the command signal is canceled by vibration caused by the second part of the command. Input shaping is implemented by convolving a sequence of impulses, an input shaper, with any desired command. The shaped command that results from the convolution is then used to drive the system. If the impulses in the shaper are chosen correctly, then the system will respond without vibration to any unshaped command. The amplitude s and time locations of the impulses are obtained from the system s natural frequencies and damping ratios. Shaping can be made very robust to errors in the system parameters. ref citebook title Flexible Robot Dynamics and Controls author Rush D. Robinett, Rush D. Robinett III, John Feddema, G. Richard Eisler, Clark Dohrmann, Gordon G. Parker, David G. Wilson, Dennis Stokes publisher Springer year 2001 isbn 0306467240 ref References refs Category Control theory Category Cybernetics ... more details
The input Electrical impedance impedance of an electrical network is the equivalent impedance seen by a power source connected to that network. If the source provides known voltage and current, such impedance can be calculated using Ohm s Law. The input impedance is the Th venin s theorem Th venin s equivalent circuit of the electrical network, modeled by an RL resistor inductor or an RC resistor capacitor combination, with equivalent values that would result in the same response as that of the network. It is also called Z11 in terms of Z Parameters. Generally speaking, the exact definition depends on the particular field of study. Image Source and load circuit Z.png frame Simple source and load circuit Z sub S sub is the output impedance seen by the load, and Z sub L sub is the input impedance seen by the source . Termination requirements Audio systems Generally in sound reproduction audio and High fidelity hi fi systems , amplifiers have an input impedance several orders of magnitude higher than their output impedance . This concept is also called voltage bridging or impedance bridging . In this case, Z sub load sub , or the input of the driven stage Z sub source sub , or the output of the driving stage. In general, this configuration will be more resistant to noise particularly power line Hum sound hum . Also the loading effects on the driving amplifier stage are reduced. In certain circuits a Buffer amplifier voltage follower stage is used to match the source and load impedance, which results in maximum power transfer. Video and high frequency RF systems In RF systems, the input impedance of inputs, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line , and the load impedance ... of two audio units Input impedance and output impedance http www.kpsec.freeuk.com imped.htm Impedance and Reactance http www.sengpielaudio.com calculator InputOutputImpedance.htm Input Impedance ..., ISBN 0 521 37095 7 Aortic input impedance in normal man relationship to pressure wave forms , JP ... more details
and distribute packet effectively, network devices also use input queue to determine which packet ... Refend DEFAULTSORT Input Queue Category Computing terminology ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Deleted image removed Image MacOS 10.3 Keyboard Viewer US Roman PowerbookG4.png 200px thumb A standard keyboard Deleted image removed Image MacOS 10 3 Keyboard Viewer US Roman PowerbookG4 Option Key.png 200px thumb The same keyboard with the option key pressed. The Macintosh Input Method is an Input method editor input method for Roman script keyboard users to input special characters beyond the QWERTY range. One example is the Japanese input method, which is called Kotoeri . Category Mac OS Mac stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Non speech audio input is the use of non speech sounds such as whistling , humming or sibilant consonant hissing for entering data or controlling the user interface . DEFAULTSORT Non Speech Audio Input Category Sound technology Comp sci stub ... more details
Infobox Windows component name Tablet PC Input Panel caption included with Windows XP Tablet PC Edition , Windows Vista and onwards replaces replaced by related components The Tablet PC Input Panel is an accessory included in Microsoft Windows that allows input of text using a pen and Graphics tablet digitizing tablet , touch screen , an on screen soft keyboard or mouse. It performs handwriting recognition and converts handwriting into text for use in most non full screen Windows applications. It was included ... Windows. Features class wikitable border 1 column1 Image Tablet PC Input Panel handwriting.png 300px column2 Image Tablet PC Input Panel ocr.png 300px column1 Tablet PC Input Panel Handwriting column2 Tablet PC Input Panel Character Recognition Users can use a writing pad or soft keyboard ... strokes or gestures. The Tablet PC Input Panel also supports AutoComplete in Windows Vista and later. The Tablet PC Input Panel can be docked to the top or bottom of the screen or floating. The integrated ... viewing the keyboard layout of the selected input language chosen from the language bar. Windows ... input language. ref http support.microsoft.com kb 828729 Tablet PC Recognizer Pack frequently ... recognition personalization tool. Windows 7 improves the Tablet PC Input Panel to make faster corrections, supports text prediction in the soft keyboard and introduces a new Math Input Panel ... and formulas. Image MathInputPanel win7.png thumb Math Input Panel in Windows 7 editing the Quadratic Formula . History When first introduced, Tablet PC Input Panel was only included with the Windows ... brought improved the handwriting recognition and allowed the Tablet PC Input Panel to be used in almost every application. The Tablet PC Input Panel was also revised to extend speech recognition services input and correction to other applications. With the release of Windows Vista, the Tablet PC Input Panel is built into all editions of Windows Vista with the exception of Home Basic and Starter ... more details
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