Infobox company name GAINCapital logo type Public company Public NYSE GCAP foundation Start date 1999 founder location city Bedminster, New Jersey Bedminster , New Jersey location country United States key people Glenn Stevens CEO industry Financial Services services Financial broker, On line forex trading revenue operating income net income assets num employees 380 ref cite web url http www.gaincapital.com about factsheet.shtml title Gain facts publisher gaincapital.com accessdate 21 December 2010 ref homepage http www.gaincapital.com GainCapital , is a retail on line forex foreign exchange broker based in Bedminster Township, New Jersey Bedminster in the United States. Clients trade through the electronic trading platform on line trading platforms , MetaTrader 4 or one of the legacy trading platforms. Services are provided to the retail market through its brand forex.com and via a number ... platform. GainCapital allows retail and institutional clients to speculate on global foreign exchange markets in what is known as margin forex trading . History Forex Capital Markets was founded in 1999 ... articles 92466 20101215 gaincapital forex com goes public with ipo price below range.htm title GainCapital Forex.com goes public with IPO, price below range date December 15, 2010 accessdate 21 December 2010 ref Operations GainCapital is a US based firm but derives just over half its ... news url http seekingalpha.com article 241923 gaincapital regulatory problems affect revenue margins title GAINCapital Regulatory Problems Affect Revenue, Margins publisher seekingalpha.com date December 15, 2010 accessdate 21 December 2010 ref In October 2010, GainCapital was fined by the National ... that benefited Gain to the detriment of its customers. ref cite news url http www.futuresmag.com News 2010 10 Pages NFA sanctions GainCapital 459000.aspx title NFA Sanctions GainCapital 459,000 date ... GainCapital official web site http www.forex.com forex.com Category Financial services companies ... more details
other uses Gain disambiguation In electronics , gain is a measure of the ability of a electrical network ... of the same ratio decibel dB gain . A gain greater than one zero dB , that is, amplification , is the defining ... circuit will have a gain of less than one. Thus, the term gain on its own is ambiguity ambiguous . For example, a gain of five may imply that either the voltage , current or the Electric power power is increased by a factor of five, although most often this will mean a voltage gain of five for audio and general purpose amplifier s, especially operational amplifiers , but a power gain for Radio ... dipole. I should check that latter clause in an ARRL handbook Furthermore, the term gain ... the gain units must be specified, as in 5 microvolts per photon for the responsivity of a photosensor. The gain of a bipolar transistor normally refers to forward current transfer ratio, either ... , or sometimes h sub fe sub the small signal current gain, the slope of the graph of I sub c sub against I sub b sub at a point . In laser physics , gain may refer to the increment of power along the beam propagation in a gain medium , and its dimension is m sup 1 sup inverse meter or 1 meter. Logarithmic units and decibels Power gain Power gain , in decibel s dB , is defined by the 10 log rule as follows math text Gain 10 log left frac P mathrm out P mathrm in right mathrm dB math where P sub in sub ... in neper s instead of decibels math text Gain ln left frac P mathrm out P mathrm in right , mathrm Np math Voltage gain When power gain is calculated using voltage instead of power, making the substitution Joule s law P V sup 2 sup R , the formula is math text Gain 10 log frac frac V mathrm out 2 ... are equal, so the above equation can be simplified to math text Gain 10 log left frac V mathrm out V mathrm in right 2 mathrm dB math and then the 20 log rule math text Gain 20 log left frac V mathrm out V mathrm in right mathrm dB math This simplified formula is used to calculate a voltage gain ... more details
Wiktionarypar gainGain is an electronics and signal processing term. Gain may also refer to Gain detergent Gain finance Gain information retrieval Gain lasers , derivative of the logarithm of power with respect to length of propagation. Gain novel Gain novel , a novel by American author Richard Powers Gain projection screens GAIN Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition , a Swiss Foundation working in the field of malnutrition Primary gain , in psychology, commonly seen in somatoform disorders secondary gain , in psychology, commonly seen in somatoform disorders Information gain in decision trees , in mathematics and computer science GainCapital , a US based forex trading company disambig de Gain fr Gain ja tl Gana paglilinaw ... more details
Absolute gain may refer to Gain Antenna gain Absolute gain international relations , as a part of liberal international relations theory disambig ... more details
Cumulative gain may refer to discounted cumulative gain information retrieval . cumulative elevation gain running, cycling, and mountaineering Disambig ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Rugby union scrummage gainline.jpg thumb Scrum with gain line added electronically in yellow The gain line is a term used in rugby union . It is an imaginary line parallel to the halfway line drawn across the pitch at the point where there is a breakdown in open play, such as a ruck rugby union ruck , maul or scrum rugby union scrum . Advancing across the gain line represents a gain in territory. Playing beyond the gain line is a common phrase coaches use to teach their players the fundamental goal of rugby gaining space while maintaining possession of the ball . DEFAULTSORT Gain Line Category Rugby union terminology RugbyUnion stub ... more details
In telecommunications , net gain is the overall gain of a transmission telecommunications transmission Telecommunication circuit circuit . Net gain is measured by applying a test Signalling telecommunication signal at an appropriate Power physics power level see Note 5 at the input Computer port hardware port of a circuit and measuring the power delivered at the output port. The net gain in decibel dB is calculated by taking 10 times the common logarithm of the ratio of the output power to the input power. The net gain expressed in dB may be positive or negative. If the net gain expressed in dB is negative, it is also called the net loss . If the net gain is expressed as a ratio, and the ratio is less than unity, a net loss is indicated. The test signal must be chosen so that its power level is within the usual operating range of the circuit being tested. References FS1037C MS188 Category Electrical parameters Category Electronics terms Category Telecommunications terms telecomm term stub ... more details
In MIMO communication systems, array gain means a power gain of transmitted signals that is achieved by using multiple antennas at transmitter and or receiver, with respect to Single Input and Single Output SISO case. It can be simply called power gain . In a broadside array, the array gain is almost exactly proportional to the length of the array. This is the almost always the case provided that the elements of the antenna are not spaced to a point at which large radiation side lobs form in other directions and that the array length exceeds one or two wavlenegths. ref http www.smeter.net daily facts 12 fact5.php ref References reflist See also Diversity gain Category Antennas radio electronics stub ... more details
In amplifiers with feedback, loop gain refers to the product of the gain in the feedback loop and the feedback factor in that loop. In Figure 1, the loop gain is the product A sub OL sub . Image Block Diagram for Feedback.svg thumb Figure 1 Ideal negative feedback model 300px right In telecommunication , the term loop gain has the following meanings 1. The total usable Power physics power gain of a carrier wave carrier terminal telecommunication terminal or two wire repeater . Note The maximum usable gain is determined by, and may not exceed, the losses in the closed path. 2. The sum of the gains, expressed in decibel dB , acting on a Signalling telecommunication signal passing around a closed path, i.e. , a loop telecommunication loop . Category Telecommunications terms de Schleifenverst rkung Loop gain is an engineering term used to quantify the gain of a system controlled by feedback loops. Respiration is in fact such a system. The gain being influenced by controller variables hypercapnic and hypoxic responsiveness , the ability to eliminate CO sub 2 sub , and circulation time, among others. Simply put, loop gain can be defined as the response of a system divided by the disturbance leading to that response Loop gain response to a disturbance the disturbance itself It should be evident from this formula that ventilation will become quite unstable when loop gain is more than 1. If the response is always greater than the disturbance, then ventilation can never stabilize and will wax and wane indefinitely. Thus, the higher the loop gain the closer it is to 1 , the potentially more unstable the respiratory control system will become. In sleep medicine the term loop gain describes the respiratory insetability. Ventilatory insetability is likely to be most important in patients with apnoea with only a mild pharyngeal anatomical deficiency. If these individuals have a high loop gain, then the fluctuating upper airway resistance which occurs at sleep onset may be sufficiently ... more details
Charles Gain is a retired police official, who served first as police chief for Oakland, California Oakland, Calif. , then as chief in San Francisco in the 1970s. In 1975, Gain was appointed to run the San Francisco Police Department by Mayor George Moscone and served 1975 to 1980. After Gain began implementing reforms such as switching police cars from their traditional black and white paint scheme to baby blue ref http www.sfgate.com cgi bin article.cgi?f c a 2009 06 16 MN29188GUH.DTL&tsp 1 ref the Police Officers Association held a no confidence vote on him. After Moscone Milk assassinations Moscone was assassinated in 1978, the union was influential in engineering Gain s replacement after the resulting White Night riots . references DEFAULTSORT Gain, Charles Category San Francisco Police Department chiefs Category Living people law enforcement bio stub SanFrancisco stub pt Charles Gain ... more details
Gain is a brand of detergent made by Procter & Gamble . Procter & Gamble product stub Category Procter & Gamble brands Category Laundry detergents ... more details
In telecommunication , insertion gain is the gain resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line , expressed as the ratio of the Signalling telecommunication signal Power physics power delivered to that part of the line following the device to the signal power delivered to that same part before insertion. If the resulting number is less than unity, an insertion loss is indicated. Insertion gain is usually expressed in decibel dB . References FS1037C MS188 Category Telecommunications engineering telecomm stub ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 Solar gain also known as solar heat gain or passive solar gain refers to the increase in temperature in a space, object or structure that results from Solar energy solar radiation . The amount of solar gain increases with the strength of the sun, and with the ability of any intervening material to Transmittance transmit or resist the radiation. Objects struck by sunlight absorb the short wave radiation from the light and reradiate the heat at longer infrared wavelength s. Where there is a material or substance such as glass between the sun and the objects struck that is more Transparency optics transparent to the shorter wavelengths than the longer, then when the sun is shining the net result is an increase in temperature solar gain. This effect, the greenhouse effect , so called due to the solar gain that is experienced behind the glass of a greenhouse, has since become well known in the context of global warming . Shading coefficients Main shading coefficient When discussing the properties of fenestration e.g. window s and door s and shading devices, shading coefficients are commonly mentioned properties. Shading coefficients measure the solar energy transmittance through windows. G value is the coefficient commonly used in Europe and solar heat gain .... G values and SHGC values ranges from 0 to 1, a lower value representing less solar gain. Shading coefficient ... in the window or shading device again compared to the total solar insolation. Solar gain and building ... solar gain within the building in the winter to reduce space heating demand , and to control ... during the day, and to some extent between days. In direct solar gain systems, the composition ... its size, position and shading can be used to optimise solar gain. Solar gain can also be transferred to the building by indirect or isolated solar gain systems. For further details, see passive solar ... Low emissivity Low emissivity coatings DEFAULTSORT Solar Gain Category Atmospheric radiation Category ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2011 Infobox Company company name Hy Gain company logo Image Hy Gain logo.png 200px company type Subsidiary foundation originally, 1949 Andros Brothers, Lincoln, NE location Mississippi State, Mississippi key people area served Worldwide industry Electronics products Amateur radio revenue operating income net income num employees parent MFJ Enterprises subsid homepage http www.hy gain.com footnotes Hy Gain often written hy gain is a manufacturer of Antenna radio antenna and antenna related products for the Amateur radio industry. Their best known products are a line of Yagi antenna s and antenna rotator s. Hy Gain is a subsidiary of MFJ Enterprises . Use dmy dates date January 2011 Category Amateur radio companies amateur radio stub ... more details
In wireless communications, diversity gain is the increase in signal to interference ratio due to some diversity scheme , or how much the transmission power can be reduced when a diversity scheme is introduced, without a performance loss. Diversity gain is usually expressed in decibel , and sometimes as a power ratio. An example is soft handoff gain. For selection combining N signals are received, and the strongest signal is selected. When the N signals are independent and Rayleigh distributed, the expected diversity gain has been shown to be math sum k 1 N frac 1 k math , expressed as a power ratio. ref D.G. Brennan, Linear diversity combining techniques, Proc. IRE , vol.47, no.1, pp.1075 1102, June 1959 ref See also Array gain Diversity combining References references Category radio resource management Wireless stub ... more details
Image Den Nationnale Winsten.jpg thumb The frontpage of the first edition of The National Gain . The National Gain Swedish language Swedish title Den nationnale winsten is the main work of the Swedish speaking Finns Finnish scientist, philosopher and politician Anders Chydenius , published in 1765. In this thesis Chydenius argues in favour of free export trade rights for the province of Ostrobothnia historical province Ostrobothnia and lays down the principles of liberalism and the free markets for example, free trade and industry eleven years before Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations 1776 . The book also includes a description of what Smith later dubbed the invisible hand . In the book, Chydenius attacks the export subsidy as an example of the harmful effects of government intervention on the domestic economy. External links http www.chydenius.net historia teokset e kansallinen johdanto.asp The National Gain en icon in English translation Wikisource econ book stub Category 1765 books National Gain, The Category Economics books National Gain, The Category Books about liberalism DEFAULTSORT National Gain, The sv Den nationnale winsten ... more details
premises. The pair gain unit which performs the multiplexing can be as simple as providing ... connection. A larger analog pair gain system made by Anaconda in the 1960s provided seven lines. Some pair gain units can expand the number of subscriber lines available over a single copper pair to as many as sixty. Large pair gain units are stored in Serving area interface s or metal Cabinet ... gain used in the United Kingdom . It uses a form of Time division multiple access called ISDN . Analog pair gain has come into disfavor in recent years, as it is detrimental to high speed dial up modem ... recent digital pair gain systems take the concept even further, however, restoring 56k and DSL capabilities by performing the functions of a DSLAM at the pair gain device. More recently, the term pair gain has been used to refer to any multiplex demultiplex unit used between the central office ... are unavailable due to infrastructure issues. The problem is that pair gain lines cannot carry high speed data. ref http www.comparebroadband.com.au article 59 Pair Gain and RIM Failures.htm Pair Gain or RIM Failures ref . See also Remote concentrator Subscriber Loop Carrier References Reflist ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In control theory , gain scheduling is an approach to control of non linear system s that uses a family of linear Controller control theory controller s, each of which provides satisfactory control for a different operating point of the system. One or more observable variables, called the scheduling variables, are used to determine what operating region the system is currently in and to enable the appropriate linear controller. For example in an aircraft flight control system , the altitude and Mach number might be the scheduling variables, with different linear controller parameters available and automatically plugged into the controller for various combinations of these two variables. It is one of the simplest and most intuitive forms of adaptive control . DEFAULTSORT Gain Scheduling Category Nonlinear control Category Control theory Category Control engineering Category Classical control ar es Planificaci n de ganancias fr S quencement de gain it Gain scheduling ... more details
A gain graph is a graph mathematics graph whose edges are labelled invertibly , or orientably , by elements of a Group mathematics group G . This means that, if an edge e in one direction has label g a group ... orientations, or directions, of an edge e . The group G is called the gain group , is the gain function , and the value e is the gain of e in some indicated direction . A gain graph is a generalization of a signed graph , where the gain group G has only two elements. See Zaslavsky 1989, 1991 . A gain should not be confused with a weight on an edge, whose value is independent of the orientation of the edge. Some reasons to be interested in gain graphs are their connections to network ... with gains , or generalized network , is connected with the biased graph frame matroid of the gain ... j sub g x sub i sub . The geometry of the hyperplanes can be treated by using the following gain graph The vertex set is 1,2,..., n . There is an edge ij with gain g in the direction from i to j ... the frame matroid of the gain graph Zaslavsky 2003 . Or, suppose we have hyperplanes given by equations ... the gain graph with the same vertex set and an edge ij with gain g in the direction from i to j ... graph lift matroid of the gain graph Zaslavsky 2003 . Suppose the gain group has an group action action on a set Q . Assigning an element s sub i sub of Q to each vertex gives a state of the gain graph. An edge is satisfied if, for each edge ij with gain g in the direction from i to j , the equation ... of spin glass es, is to determine a state with the fewest frustrated edges. Gain graphs used ... graph s Gross 1974 Gross and Tucker 1977 . The term gain graph is more usual in other contexts, e.g. ... of the theory of gain graphs is a special case of that of biased graphs and much of the theory of biased graphs is a generalization of that of gain graphs , the reader should refer to the article on biased ... bibliography of signed and gain graphs and allied areas. http www.combinatorics.org Surveys index.html ... more details
Gain or amplification in laser physics is a process, where the medium transfers part of its energy to the emitted electromagnetic radiation , resulting in an increase in laser power. This is basic principle of all lasers . Quantitatively, the ability of a laser medium to increase power of light is characterised with Gain . Definition The gain can be defined as the derivative of logarithm of power math P math as it passes through the medium math G frac rm d rm d z ln P frac rm d P rm d z P math where math z math is the coordinate in the direction of propagation. This equation neglects the effects of the transversal profile of beam. In the quasi monochromatic paraxial approximation , the gain can ... rm Re math means real part. Gain in Quasi two level system In the simple quasi two level system, the gain ... are effective emission and absorption cross sections. In the case of non pumped medium, the gain is negative. Round trip gain means gain multiplied by the length of propagation of the laser emission during a single round trip. In the case of gain varying along the length, the round trip gain can be expressed ... of the laser beam inside the laser, or some effective gain, averaged across the beam cross section. The amplification ... math to the input power math P rm in math math K P rm in P rm out math . It is related with gain math K exp left int G rm d z right math . The gain and the amplification coefficient should not be confused ... such enlargement can be realized with passive elements , without gain medium . ref name siegman ... terminology about gain and absorption. Everyone is free to use own notations, and it is not possible to cover all the systems of notations in this article. In radiophysics , gain may ... the amplification coefficient math K math defined above, the gain is called Amplification coefficient ... instead of gain and decrement instead of absorption coefficient to avoid the ambiguity ref name .... See also Gain medium Example of a Model of the laser medium gain medium Round trip gain , gain multiplied ... more details
as a digital logic circuit, but it could also function as an analog amplifier it shows gain compression at the edges of the diagonal slope, where rounding of the line yields soft clipping. Gain compression in an electronic amplifier circuit is a reduction in differential or slope gain caused by nonlinearity ... region. It is a Large signal model large signal phenomenon of circuits. Relevance Gain compression is relevant ... gain is reduced, altering the shape of the waveform. The effect is also present in transistor ... studio audio level compression audio level compressor , in which gain compression is not instantaneous delayed in time via attack and release settings . Limiting or clipping Gain is a linear operation. Gain compression is not linear and, as such, its effect is one of distortion, due to the nonlinearity of the transfer characteristic which also causes a loss of slope or differential gain. So the output is less than expected using the small signal model small signal gain of the amplifier ... edges, but will still harmonic distortion have many extra harmonics . Compression Compression of gain ..., as the input level is increased beyond the linear range of the amplifier, gain compression will occur ... due to collector dissipation. But it s not a change in gain it s non linear distortion. The output ... by a proportional increase in output. Thus there is compression of gain. Also, at this time ... compression In intentional compression sometimes called automatic gain control or audio level compression as used in devices called dynamic range compressors , the overall gain of the circuit is actively ..., but the overall gain is varied, depending on the level of that sine wave. Above a certain ... Gain compression in RF amps is similar to soft clipping. However, in narrowband systems, the effect looks more like gain compression simply because the harmonics are filtered out after amplification. Many data sheet s for RF amplifiers list gain compression rather than distortion figures because it s easier ... more details
The power gain of an electrical network is the ratio of an output Power physics power to an input power. Unlike other Signal electronics signal gain s, such as voltage and Electric current current gain, power gain may be ambiguous as the meaning of terms input power and output power is not always clear. Three important power gains are operating power gain , transducer power gain and available power gain . Note that all these definitions of power gains employ the use of average as oppose of instantaneous power quantities and therefore the term average is often suppressed, which can be confusing at occasions. Operating power gain The operating power gain of a two port network , G sub P sub , is defined as math G P frac P mathrm load P mathrm input math where P sub load sub is the maximum power delivered to the load P sub input sub is the average power entering the network Transducer power gain The transducer power gain of a two port network, G sub T sub , is defined as math G T frac P mathrm load P mathrm source,max math where P sub load sub is the average power delivered to the load P sub source,max sub is the maximum available average power at the source In terms of y parameters this definition can be used to derive math G T frac 4 y 21 2 Re Y L Re Y S y 11 Y S y 22 Y L y 12 y 21 2 math where Y sub L sub is the load admittance Y sub S sub is the source admittance This result can be generalized to z, h, g and y parameters as math G T frac 4 k 21 2 Re M L Re M S k 11 M S k 22 M L k 12 k 21 2 math where k sub xx sub is a z, h, g or y parameter M sub L sub is the load value in the corresponding parameter set M sub S sub is the source value in the corresponding parameter set P ... of the source impedance, a consequence of the maximum power theorem . Available power gain The available power gain of a two port network, G sub A sub , is defined as math G A frac P mathrm load,max ... power gain DEFAULTSORT Power Gain Category Electrical parameters Category Two port networks ... more details
unreferenced date February 2008 In a spread spectrum system, the process gain or processing gain is the ratio of the spread or RF bandwidth to the unspread or baseband bandwidth. It is usually expressed in decibels dB . For example, if a 1 kHz signal is spread to 100 kHz, the process gain expressed as a numerical ratio would be 100,000 1,000 100. Or in decibels, 10log sub 10 sub 100 20 dB. Note that process gain does not reduce the effects of wideband thermal noise. It can be shown that a direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS system has exactly the same bit error behavior as a non spread spectrum system with the same modulation format. Thus, on an additive white Gaussian noise AWGN channel without interference, a spread system requires the same transmitter power as an unspread system, all other things being equal. Unlike a conventional communication system, however, a DSSS system does have a certain resistance against narrowband interference, as the interference is not subject to the process gain of the DSSS signal and hence the signal to interference ratio is improved. In Frequency Modulation FM , the processing gain can be expressed as math G p cfrac 1.5B n Delta f 2 W 3 math G sub p sub is the processing gain B sub n sub is the Noise telecommunications Noise Bandwidth f is the peak frequency deviation and W is the sinusoidal modulating frequency. Image Processinggain.jpg thumb 400px Spread spectrum system resistance against narrowband interference cdma DEFAULTSORT Process Gain Category Signal processing telecomm stub ru ... more details
Genetic gain is the amount of increase in performance that is achieved through artificial genetic improvement programs. This is usually used to refer to the increase after one generation has passed. ref College of Agriculture, http www.ca.uky.edu agripedia glossary genegain.htm Genetic Gain University of Kentucky , accessed 2010 11 23 ref References Reflist colwidth 60em Category Biology Category Genetics Category Agriculture ... more details
Advert date January 2011 Image T2G.jpg right Train to Gain logo Train to Gain T2G , is a UK government funded initiative to deliver vocational training vocational training to employed individuals in the UK, primarily those in the 25 age band who do not already have a NQF Full Level 2 Qualification , via ... out nationally in September 2006. ref http www.bytestart.co.uk content legal 35 1 Train to Gain scheme.shtml Train to Gain roll out to boost UK business skills , Bytestart Limited, 2006 09 20 ref As of 1 August 2008, Train to Gain will form a part of the Employer Responsive training model. On 24 ... 6.2 billion reduction in expenditure in the 2010 11 government financial year. Background Train to Gain ... to Gain is claimed to be flexible, responsive and offered at a time and place to suit businesses. Citation .... The Skills Brokerage service Train to Gain is designed to maximise on the effectiveness of the Skills ... service with appropriate training providers. Thus Train to Gain can also reference the entirety ... for Train to Gain core funding are No Full Level 2 or higher equivalent to 5 GCSEs at A C 25 and over ... for funding through Train to Gain where an apprenticeship would not be considered appropriate ... be funded through Train to Gain. Qualification eligibility Qualifications that are eligible for funding via Train to Gain are identified as such in the LSC s http providers.lsc.gov.uk LAD Learning Aims ... 1 & 2. Flexibilities of Train to Gain During the course of the 07 08 Academic year United Kingdom contract ... volunteer s to access the Train to Gain service, as well as Self employment self employed learners ... to Gain. The LSC has outlined further enhancements to the Train to Gain service in a http www.traintogainprovidersse.org.uk ... sup Citation title Train to Gain National Site url http www.traintogain.gov.uk Citation title Train to Gain Requirements for Funding, Fourth Version url http www.traintogainprovidersse.org.uk uploads Train 20to 20Gain 20Requirements 20for 20Funding 20Version 204.pdf NAO report on train to gain. http ... more details
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