In microeconomics , the utilitymaximizationproblem is the problem consumers face how should I spend my money in order to maximize my utility ? It is a type of Optimal decision optimal decision problem . Basic setup Suppose their consumption set , or the enumeration of all possible consumption bundles that could be selected if there are no budget constraints, has L commodities and is limited to positive amounts of consumption of each commodity. Let x be the vector x x sub i sub i 1,... L containing the amounts of each commodity, then math x in textbf R L . math Suppose also that the prices p of the L commodities are positive math p in textbf R L , math and that the consumer s wealth is w , then the set of all affordable packages, the budget set , is math B p, w x in textbf R L langle p , x rangle leq w , math where math langle p , x rangle math is the Inner product inner product of p and x , or the total cost of consuming x of the products at price level p math langle p , x rangle sum i 1 L p i x i . math The consumer would like to buy the best package of commodities it can afford. Suppose that the consumer s utility function u is a real valued function with domain of the commodity bundles, or math u textbf R L rightarrow textbf R . math Then the consumer s optimal choices x p , w are the utility maximizing bundle that is in the budget set, or math x p, w operatorname argmax x in B p, w u x math . Finding x p , w is the utilitymaximizationproblem . If u is continuous and no commodities ... the utility function and Marshallian demand in the UtilityMaximizationProblem mirrors the relationship between the expenditure function and Hicksian demand in the Expenditure Minimization Problem ... Utility function Expenditure minimization problem Linear programming Profit maximization formulae ... Douglas Type Utility Functions in 3D DEFAULTSORT UtilityMaximizationProblem Category Consumer theory Category Optimal decisions Category Utility econ stub lo ... more details
In mathematics , the Regiomontanus angle maximizationproblem , is a famous Maxima and minima optimization problem posed by the 15th century German mathematician Johannes M ller ref Eli Maor , Trigonometric Delights , Princeton University Press , 2002, pages 46&ndash 48 ref also known as Regiomontanus . The problem is as follows Image Regiomontanus.problem.png right thumb 550px The two dots at eye level are possible locations of the viewer s eye. A painting hangs from a wall. Given the heights of the top and bottom of the painting above the viewer s eye level, how far from the wall should the viewer stand in order to maximize the angle subtended angle subtended by the painting and whose vertex is at the viewer s eye? If the viewer stands too close to the wall or too far from the wall, the angle is small somewhere in between it is as large as possible. The same approach applies to finding the optimal place from which to kick a ball in rugby. ref citation title Rugby and Mathematics A Surprising Link among Geometry, the Conics, and Calculus first1 Troy last1 Jones first2 Steven last2 Jackson journal Mathematics Teacher volume 94 issue 8 pages 649 654 year 2001 url http wesclark.com rrr rugby and math.pdf . ref For that matter, it is not necessary that the alignment of the picture be at right angles we might be looking at a window of the Leaning Tower of Pisa or a realtor showing off the advantages of a sky light in a sloping attic roof. Solution by elementary geometry Image Regiomontanus.solution.png right thumb 550px There is a unique circle passing through the top and bottom of the painting and tangent to the eye level line. By elementary geometry, if the viewer s position were to move along the circle, inscribed angle the angle subtended by the painting would remain constant . All positions on the eye level line except the point of tangency are outside of the circle, and therefore ... by calculus In the present day, this problem is widely known because it appears as an exercise ... more details
Maximization or Maximisation can refer to Exaggeration Maximization in the sense of exaggeration Entropy maximizationMaximization ethics Maximization economics Impact maximization Profit maximizationUtilitymaximizationproblem Budget maximizing model Shareholder value maximization Optimization mathematics Expectation maximization algorithm statistics See also Minimization disambig ... more details
Expert subject Mathematics date November 2008 An entropy maximizationproblem is a convex optimization problem of the form maximize math f 0 vec x sum i 1 n x i log x i math subject to math A vec x leq b, quad mathbf 1 T vec x 1 math where math vec x in mathbb R n math is the optimization variable, math A in mathbb R m times n math and math b in mathbb R m math are problem parameters, and math mathbf 1 math denotes a vector whose components are all 1. See also Principle of maximum entropy External links cite book last Boyd first Stephen coauthors Lieven Vandenberghe title Convex Optimization publisher Cambridge University Press date 2004 pages p. 362 isbn 0521833787 url http www.stanford.edu boyd cvxbook bv cvxbook.pdf accessdate 2008 08 24 Category Mathematical optimization Category Convex optimization mathapplied stub ... more details
refimprove date October 2006 In economics , profit maximization is the short run process by which a firm determines the price and input economics output level that returns the greatest Profit economics profit . There are several approaches to this problem. The total revenue&ndash total cost method relies on the fact that profit equals revenue minus cost, and the marginal revenue &ndash marginal cost method is based on the fact that total profit in a perfectly competitive market reaches its maximum point where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Basic definitions Any costs incurred by a corporation firm may be classed into two groups fixed costs and variable costs . Fixed costs are incurred by the business at any level of output, including zero output. These may include equipment maintenance, rent, wages, and general upkeep. Variable costs change with the level of output, increasing as more product is generated. Materials consumed during production often have the largest impact on this category. Fixed cost and variable cost, combined, equal total cost . Revenue is the amount of money ... right thumb 250px Profit Maximization The Totals Approach To obtain the profit maximising output ... max marginal small.svg right thumb 250px Profit maximization using the marginal approach An alternative ... complicated profit maximization solutions involve the use of game theory . Maximizing revenue method ... the math Pi max math conditions by maximizing revenues. Changes in total costs and profit maximization ... a firm s optimal level of output, a firm can also set price to maximize profit. Profit maximization .... ref name pindyck Pindyck, R and Rubinfeld, D 2001 p. 333. ref Fortunately the profit maximization .... 419. ref MPL, MRPL and profit maximization The general rule is that firm maximizes profit by producing that quantity of output where marginal revenue equals marginal costs. The profit maximization issue ... Profit Maximization in Perfect Competition by Fiona Maclachlan, Wolfram Demonstrations Project ... more details
In ethics, maximization or optimization is the concept of always doing the act that yields the most good, rather than regarding any good action as fully sufficient or acceptable. Lifestances or other views that employ maximization may be termed maximizing . For instance, some versions of utilitarianism do not allow for supererogation , a supererogatory act being one that is morally good but exceeds the requirements of duty. This is because, in such a system, the moral course of action is the one that yields the most good. ref name SanDiegoU is regarded as a maximizing lifestance. ref name SanDiegoU http ethics.sandiego.edu LMH E2 Glossary.asp San Diego University. Glossary by Lawrence M. Hinman ref With ethic value in mind, then maximizing life stances aims to generate the highest amount of value possible. References reflist Category Ethics ... more details
of leisure time. The doctrine of utilitarianism saw the maximization of utility as a moral criterion ... maximization in their formulation of game theory . Additive von Neumann&ndash Morgenstern utility ...Other uses Utilitarianism In economics , utility is a measure of relative satisfaction. Given this measure, one may speak meaningfully of increasing or decreasing utility, and thereby explain economic behavior in terms of attempts to increase one s utility. Utility is often modeled to be affected by Consumption ... Stuart Mill 1806 1873 , society should aim to maximize the total utility of individuals, aiming for the greatest ... 1921 2002 would have society maximize the utility of the individual initially receiving the minimum amount of utility. Utility is usually applied by economists in such constructs as the indifference ... a given level of satisfaction. Individual utility and social utility can be construed as the value of a utility function and a social welfare function respectively. When coupled with production ... concept in welfare economics . Quantifying utility It was recognized that utility could not be measured ... Utility is taken to be correlative to Desire or Want. It has been already argued that desires cannot .... ref blockquote Cardinal and ordinal utility Details cardinal utility Economists distinguish between cardinal utility and ordinal utility . When cardinal utility is used, the magnitude of utility ... utility captures only ranking and not strength of preferences. Utility functions of both sorts assign a ranking to members of a choice set. For example, suppose a cup of orange juice has utility of 120 utils, a cup of tea has a utility of 80 utils, and a cup of water has a utility of 40 utils. When speaking of cardinal utility, it could be concluded that the cup of orange juice is better than ..., because this conclusion would depend not only on magnitudes of utility differences, but also on the zero of utility. It is tempting when dealing with cardinal utility to aggregate utilities across ... more details
No Problem may refer to No Problem Sonny Rollins album No Problem Sonny Rollins album , a 1981 album No Problem Fann Wong album No Problem Fann Wong album , a 2000 album No Problem TV series No Problem TV series , a British television series No Problem film No Problem film , a 2010 Bollywood film disambig ... more details
Otheruses Wiktionary A problem is an obstacle, impediment, difficulty or challenge, or any situation ... purpose or goal. Individual awareness of a problem constitutes awareness of a desired outcome ... the outcome from taking place. Problem solving main Problem solving Every theoretical problem asks for an answer or solution. Trying to find a solution to a problem is known as problem solving . That is, a problem is a gap between an actual and desired situation. The time it takes to solve a problem ... classified as an open problem . See also List of unsolved problems From the mid 20th century, the field ... Mathematical problem is a question about mathematical objects and structures that may require a distinct answer or explanation or mathematical proof proof . Examples include Word problem mathematics ... with only four colours . In society , a problem can refer to particular social issue s, which if solved ... hostility and disruption. See also Wicked problem In business and engineering , a problem is a difference between actual conditions and those that are required or desired. Often, the causes of a problem ... corrective actions. In Chess problem chess , a problem is a puzzle set by somebody using chess pieces .... In theology , there is what is referred to as the Synoptic Problem , which includes in its ... in the Gospels accounts of allegedly historical events. In academic discourse a problem is a challenge ... or idea. An optimization problem is finding the best solution from all feasible solutions. A good example of this type of problem is the travelling salesperson problem which is based on calculating the most efficient route between many places In computability theory a decision problem requires a simple yes or no answer. In rock climbing a problem is a series of Rock geology rock s that forces the climber to climb. In Reading process reading , a problem is a combination of a series of words ... problem is presented. Motion physics Motion is achieved via mechanical interaction of the legs and a surface ... more details
about an algorithm Israeli food corporation Osem company In mathematical optimization , the ordered subset expectation maximization OSEM method NOT algorithm is an iterative method that is used in computer tomography . In applications in medical imaging , the OSEM method is used for positron emission tomography , for single photon emission computed tomography , and for Computed tomography X ray computed tomography . The OSEM method is related to the expectation maximization EM method of statistics. The OSEM method is also related to methods of filtered back projection . References Hudson, H.M., Larkin, R.S. 1994 Accelerated image reconstruction using ordered subsets of projection data , IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging , 13 4 , 601&ndash 609 doi 10.1109 42.363108 Ing Tsung Hsiao and Hsuan Ming Huang 2010 An accelerated ordered subsets reconstruction algorithm using an accelerating power factor for emission tomography , Physics in Medicine and Biology 55 599. doi 10.1088 0031 9155 55 3 003 External links http osem.s pla.net Home page with IEEE paper and more information http osem.s pla.net Software Category Optimization algorithms Category Medical statistics Category Medical imaging statistics stub ... more details
In statistics , an expectation maximization EM algorithm is a iterative method method for finding maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori MAP estimates of parameter s in statistical model s, where the model depends on unobserved latent variable s. EM is an iterative method which alternates between performing an expectation E step, which computes the expectation of the log likelihood evaluated using the current estimate for the latent variables, and a maximization M step, which computes parameters maximizing the expected log likelihood found on the E step. These parameter estimates are then used to determine the distribution of the latent variables in the next E step. History The EM algorithm was explained and given its name in a classic 1977 paper by Arthur P. Dempster Arthur Dempster , Nan Laird , and Donald Rubin . ref cite journal last1 Dempster first1 A.P. authorlink1 Arthur P. Dempster last2 Laird first2 N.M. authorlink2 Nan Laird last3 Rubin first3 D.B. authorlink3 Donald Rubin ... Z mathbf X , boldsymbol theta t left log L boldsymbol theta mathbf X , mathbf Z right , math Maximization ..., it is convenient to view the EM algorithm as two alternating maximization steps. ref name neal1999 ... q t underset q operatorname arg ,max F q, theta t math Maximization step Choose to maximize F math ... faster variant Ordered subset expectation maximization is also widely used in medical imaging ... be utilised with constrained estimation techniques. Expectation conditional maximization ECM replaces each M step with a sequence of conditional maximization CM steps in which each parameter sub i ... expectation maximization GEM algorithm, in which one only seeks an increase in the objective ... citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc download?doi 10.1.1.9.9735&rep rep1&type pdf The Expectation Maximization ... maximization. http www.seanborman.com publications EM algorithm.pdf The Expectation Maximization ... Mixtures DEFAULTSORT Expectation Maximization Algorithm Category Estimation theory Category Machine ... more details
Ordinal utility Economic theory theory states that while the utility of a particular good economics good or service cannot be measured using a numerical scale bearing economic meaning in and of itself, pairs of alternative bundles combinations of goods can be ordered such that one is considered by an individual to be worse than, equal to, or better than the other. This contrasts with cardinal utility theory, which generally treats utility as something whose numerical value is meaningful in its own right. Indifference curve mappings When a large number of bundles of goods are compared, the preferences of the individual can be seen. This information is usually put together on a graph called an indifference map. One of these is shown below image Simple indifference curves.svg 200px indifference ... a curve is from the origin, the greater is the level of utility. The slope of the curve the negative ... is willing to trade off good X against good Y maintaining the same level of utility. The curve is convex ... as that based on cardinal utility theory i.e., consumers will consume at the point where the marginal ... marginal principle . Revealed preference Revealed preference theory addresses the problem of how ... botond mistakeschicago.pdf ref Ordinal utility functions An ordinal utility function describing ... prefers more of both goods. But the same preferences could be expressed as another utility ... globally increasing function. Utility functions g and u give rise to identical indifference curve mappings. Thus in ordinal utility theory, there is no concept of diminishing marginal utility , which would correspond to the second derivative of utility being negative. For example, even if u has a negative second derivative with respect to x , the equivalent utility function g may have a positive second derivative with respect to x . See also consumer theory cardinal utility marginal utility References references Category Utility nl Ordinaal nut ... more details
Image Cardinal utility example.png thumb alt An example of two cardinal utility functions A simple example of cardinality. Y 2x 3 In economics , cardinal utility refers to a property of mathematical indices ... utility . Economic Journal 64 255 528 556 ref ref Strotz, Robert. 1953 . Cardinal utility . American economic review Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 384 397 ref Two utility indices are related by a linear ... the utility functions themselves are related by math v x au x b. math The two indices differ only with respect to scale and origin. ref name Ellsberg, Daniel 1954 Cardinal utility is mostly considered to be an outdated concept. Only within specific contexts such as expected utility theory decision ... utilities for intertemporal evaluations , cardinal utility is usually accepted. ref K bberling, Veronika. 2006 . Strength of preference and cardinal utility . Economic theory , No. 27, p. 375 ref Elsewhere, such as in general Consumer choice consumer theory , ordinal utility is preferred. History Modern work in cardinal utility theory began in the 18th century, when Daniel Bernoulli proposed a logarithmic utility function as a solution to the St. Petersburg paradox . Logarithmic utility displays the property of diminishing marginal utility of wealth, reflecting a decline in the degree ... measure satisfaction or utility . His motivation was to establish the principle of utility as the basis ... of utility by defining the unit of intensity as the degree of intensity possessed by that pleasure ... numbers. ref name Stigler, George 1950 Stigler, George. 1950 . The development of utility theory ..., the issue of the measurability of utility received plenty of attention from European schools of political ... and Alfred Marshall . Jevons defined utility as a useful object , or something which could increase ... of utility, since he argued in later editions of his works that it was difficult to imagine how estimations of utility and summations can be made with any approach to accuracy. ref name Stigler ... more details
In economics and finance , exponential utility refers to a specific form of the utility function , used in some contexts because of its convenience when risk sometimes referred to as uncertainty is present, in which case Expected utility hypothesis expected utility is maximized. Formally, exponential utility is given by math u c 1 e a c math , where math c math is a variable that the economic decision ... for its irrelevance is that maximizing the expected value of utility math u c 1 e a c math gives ... since expected values of utility as opposed to the utility function itself are interpreted Ordinal utility ordinally instead of Cardinal utility cardinally , the range and sign of the expected utility values are of no significance. The exponential utility function is a special case of the hyperbolic absolute risk aversion utility functions. Risk aversion characteristic Exponential utility implies ... utility function is considered unrealistic. Mathematical tractability Though isoelastic utility , exhibiting risk aversion constant relative risk aversion , is considered more plausible as are other utility functions exhibiting decreasing absolute risk aversion , exponential utility is particularly ... . Then under exponential utility, expected utility is given by math text E u c text E 1 e a c x epsilon ... asset portfolio example Consider the Modern portfolio theory portfolio allocation problem of maximizing expected exponential utility math text E e aW math of final wealth W subject to math W x r W 0 x ... r is Joint normality jointly normally distributed . Then expected utility can be written as math text ... This is an easy problem in matrix calculus , and its solution is math x frac 1 a V 1 mu r f cdot ... shows the two key features of exponential utility tractability under joint normality, and lack of realism ... utility Isoelastic power utility function References reflist DEFAULTSORT Exponential Utility Category Economics of uncertainty Category Financial economics Category Utility ... more details
For archive utility applications in general see file archiver . For the MAC OS Archive Utility service application see Archive Utility . disambiguation ... more details
des travaux publics 1844 , Jules Dupuit applied a conception of marginal utility to the problem of determining ...In economics , the marginal utility of a Good economics good or Service economics service is the utility ... sometimes speak of a law of diminishing marginal utility , meaning that the first units of measurement unit of consumption of a good or service yields more utility than the second and subsequent units. The concept of marginal utility played a crucial role in the marginal revolution of the late 19th ... concepts, including marginal utility may be expressed in terms of differential calculus . Marginal utility can be defined as a measure of relative satisfaction gained or lost from an increase or decrease ... of one unit of a discrete good or service, such as a motor vehicle or a haircut. Utility Main Utility Different concepts of utility underlie different theories in which marginal utility plays a role. It has been common among economists to describe utility as if it were quantifiable , that is, as if different levels of utility could be compared along a numerical scale. ref George Stigler Stigler, George Joseph The Development of Utility Theory , I and II, Journal of Political Economy 1950 , issues 3 and 4. ref ref George Stigler Stigler, George Joseph The Adoption of Marginal Utility ... of theories of marginal utility. Concepts of utility that entail quantification allow familiar ... proxied by associating goods, services, or uses thereof with quantities, and defines utility as such a quantification ... two The theory of consumer choice and demand , Utility representations . ref Another conception is Utilitarianism ... of this philosophy especially by way of John Stuart Mill , viewed utility as the feelings of pleasure ... generally pursued outside of the mainstream methods, there are conceptions of utility that do not rely ... Utility , International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences 1968 . ref and sometimes rejects ... Use and of Ordinal Marginal Utility , Zeitschrift f r National konomie 37 1977 3& 4 September ... more details
Utility location is the process of identifying and labeling public utility mains which are underground. These mains may include lines for telephones, electricity electricity distribution , natural gas , cable television , optical fibers fiber optics , traffic lights , street light s, storm drain s, water supply network water mains , and wastewater pipes. In some locations, major pipeline transport oil and gas pipelines , national defense communication lines, public transport mass transit , rail and road tunnels also compete for space underground. http www.nal.usda.gov ttic utilfnl.htm Because of the many different types of materials that go into manufacturing each of these different types of underground lines, different detection and location methods must be used. For metal Pipe material pipe s and wire cable s, this is often done with Electromagnetism electromagnetic equipment consisting of a transmitter and a Receiver radio receiver . For other types of pipe, such as plastic or concrete, other types of radiolocation or modern ground penetrating radar must be used. Location by these means ... tolerance clearance . In older cities, it is especially a problem since maps may be very inaccurate, or may be missing entirely. Call before you dig , Digger s Hotline , One call , Miss Utility , or Underground Service Alert are services that allow construction workers to contact utility companies ... if such negligence causes a major utility power outage outage or serious accident, or an evacuation ... paint indicating below street gas utility line. New York city , 2007. Utility color code s are used ... them from damage during excavation. Public utility systems are often run underground some by the very ... the location and denote the type of underground utility. A special type of spray paint, which works ... often identifies the company or municipal utility which the lines belong to, or an advertisement for a company ... Technology Transfer Information Center. http www.nal.usda.gov ttic utilfnl.htm Statement of Need Utility ... more details
Wiktionary utilityUtility is a measure of the happiness or satisfaction gained from a good or service in economics and game theory. Utility may also refer to Public utility , an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service, or the services themselves Utility patent , one of the requirements for patentability in United States patent law Utility software or a utility program, a software program that functions for a particular purpose Utility player , a baseball player who plays more than one position regularly. Utility model , an intellectual property right to protect inventions Utility Radio , a radio receiver manufactured in Great Britain during the 1939 45 World War Utility room , a room in a house, which is the descendant of the scullery Utility vehicle , a vehicle that is designed for a specific task Utility car , a term used in Australia and New Zealand to refer to a pickup truck or coupe utility vehicle ute Utilities film Utilities film , a 1981 movie starring Robert Hays disambig es Utilidad ko it Utilit ja pl U yteczno pt Utilidade sk Utilita ... more details
Refimprove date March 2009 The Utility Radio was an all mains 4 vacuum tube valve domestic Superheterodyne receiver superhet radio receiver, manufactured in United Kingdom Great Britain during the World War II 1939 45 World War . When war broke out in 1939 all the British radio manufacturers switched to producing a wide range of military radio equipment for the armed forces . Perhaps the most famous product was the R1155 communications receiver used by the RAF . After a few years there was a shortage of radio repairmen as they had all been called up to maintain vital radio and radar equipment. Similarly there was a shortage of spare parts, particularly valves, as all production was for the services. This meant it was very difficult to get a radio repaired and with no new sets available there was a desperate need to overcome the problem. The Government solved this by arranging for all radio manufacturers to produce a standard design with as few components as possible. Earlier the Government had introduced the Utility brand to ensure that all clothing, which was rationed, was produced to a reasonable quality standard as prior to its introduction a lot of shoddy goods had appeared on the market. So the Utility brand was adopted for this wartime radio. The only significant shortcoming compared with pre war radios was the absence of a long wave band and a simple tuning dial. This resulted in fewer tuning circuits and the absence of a wave change switch. The tuning dial was a very crude affair compared with pre war when the tuning dial was a work of art displaying dozens of stations throughout Europe. Dials were marked in metres with only the BBC Home Service Home and BBC Forces ... produced the Utility set, today only two brands remain Roberts Radio and Bush Radio . See also Volksempf nger War Office External links http www.thorneyhill.freeserve.co.uk othersets.html Utility Set 1 http www.thevalvepage.com radios wartime mains warmains.htm Utility Set 2 http www.thevalvepage.com ... more details
A Utility Trailer is a small Trailer vehicle vehicle trailer that features an open top rear cargo area bed , and is used for the hauling of light loads. A utility trailer may also be Utility Trailer Manufacturing Company , an American semi trailer manufacturer disambig Category Trailers ... more details
In computer programming , a utility class is a class computer science class that defines a set of methods that perform common, often re used functions. Most utility classes define these common methods under static see Static variable scope. Examples of utility classes include java.util.Collections http java.sun.com j2se 1.5.0 docs api java util Collections.html which provides several utility methods such as sorting on objects that implement a Collection java.util.collection http java.sun.com j2se 1.5.0 docs api java util Collection.html . See also Utility pattern External links http c2.com cgi wiki?UtilityPattern Utility Pattern For a utility class, which does not require instantiation and only has static methods, use a private constructor Category Programming constructs Compu prog stub ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2010 Infobox software name Directory Utility logo Image Directory Utility Logo.png screenshot caption Directory Access Services tab developer Apple Computer latest release version 2.0.1 294.1 latest release date August 5, 2009 operating system Mac OS X genre Utility license Proprietary software Proprietary website http www.apple.com macosx Directory Utility is a utility included with the Mac OS X operating system to configure connections to directory services . Prior to Mac OS X 10.5 this tool was named Directory Access. See also Apple Open Directory Mac OS X Category Mac OS X mac stub it Accesso Directory mr uk Directory Utility zh Directory Utility ... more details
Infobox Software name Apple AirPort Utility logo Image AirPort Utility icon.png 65px caption The logo of Airport Utility screenshot Commented out Image airportadmin.png 220px caption Screenshot of AirPort Admin Utility on Apple Mac OS X v10.4 developer Apple Inc formerly Apple Computers Inc latest release version 5.5.2 latest release date December 16, 2010 operating system Mac OS X , Windows XP , Windows Vista , Windows 7 genre computer networking Networking utility software utility license Proprietary software Proprietary Next release ? Unknown website http www.apple.com airportexpress features utility.html Apple Airport Utility The AirPort Utility , formerly called AirPort Admin Utility , is a utility that allows users to configure an AirPort Wi Fi Base Station to create a wireless network and manage a USB device e.g., printer, external hard drive attached to the AirPort device. It s pre installed in Mac OS X and is available for download for Microsoft Windows XP , Windows Vista and Windows 7 . The initial release supported Mac OS X only, but later Apple released versions for Windows. Other operating systems are unsupported. External links http www.apple.com airportextreme features utility.html AirPort Utility http support.apple.com downloads airport AirPort Utility downloads http www.apple.com airportextreme Airport Extreme Apple software on Windows Apple hardware since 1998 Apple software Mac OS X Mac stub May 2010 Mac software stub May 2010 Windows software stub May 2010 DEFAULTSORT Airport Utility Category Mac OS X, Airport, Windows Software Network software stub Category Wireless Category Mac OS it Utility Amministrazione AirPort ru AirPort uk AirPort Admin Utility zh AirPort ... more details
Refimprove date January 2008 Image SIF Overhead Wires 1 Cropped.jpg thumb right Utility pole supporting ... of Shoe tossing shoes can be seen hanging from the wires center left, far right . A utility pole ... and out of the way of people and vehicles. Utility poles can be made of wood, metal, concrete, or composites ... line s are carried on steel Electricity pylon transmission towers or pylons . Utility poles ... when this system proved faulty. Use Utility poles are commonly used to carry two types of electric ... their own dedicated poles. Description The standard utility pole in the United States is about convert ... cite web title What s on a utility pole? work Consumer Assistance publisher Florida Public Service ... based on terrain. Joint use poles are usually owned by one utility, which leases space on it for other ... and Electronics Engineers IEEE , sets the standards for construction and maintenance of utility poles and their equipment. Pole materials Image Steel Utility pole.jpg thumb upright Steel utility pole in Darwin, Northern Territory Darwin , Australia . Most utility poles are made of wood ... species of long straight trees are used to make utility poles, including Douglas fir , Jack pine , lodgepole ... Association AWPA has developed the standards for preserving wood utility poles. Despite the preservatives ... ref ref http www.pmcpole.com cms rus bulletin 1730B 121.pdf ref Other common utility pole .... One particular patented utility pole variant used in Australia is the Stobie pole , made up of two ... utility pole.jpg thumb left A joint use utility pole in People s Republic of China China . Distribution ..., the fuse melts and the device pivots open to provide a visual indication of the problem. They can ... start bushfires . To reduce this problem, aerial bundled conductors are being introduced. Communication ... lines. ref name Florida The most common communication cables found on utility poles are copper ... to service drops when used to provide local service. Other equipment Utility poles may also carry other ... more details
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