Truncusarteriosus may refer to Persistent truncusarteriosus , a rare congenital heart disease Truncusarteriosus embryology , part of an embryo s developing circulatory system disambig ... more details
Infobox Embryology Name Truncusarteriosus Latin GraySubject 135 GrayPage 514 Image Gray462.png Caption Heart of human embryo of about fourteen days. Truncus arteriosis visible at top. Image2 Gray469.png Caption2 Diagrams to illustrate the transformation of the bulbus cordis . Ao. Truncusarteriosus . Au. Atrium heart Atrium . B. Bulbus cordis. RV. Right ventricle . LV. Left ventricle . P. Pulmonary artery . System CarnegieStage Precursor GivesRiseTo aorta , pulmonary artery MeshName TruncusArteriosus MeshNumber A07.541.278.930 DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The truncusarteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aorticopulmonary septum . The truncusarteriosus gives rise to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis gives rise to the smooth parts outflow tract of the left and right ventricles. ref Le, T., Bhushan, V., et. al. First Aid for the USMLE STEP1 . 2009. ref This makes its appearance in three portions. 1 Two distal ridge like thickenings project into the lumen of the tube the truncal and bulbar ridges. ref Cite book last1 Le first1 Tao first2 Vikas last2 Bhushan first3 Neil last3 Vasan title First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2010 20th Anniversary Edition location ... takes a spiral course toward the proximal end of the truncusarteriosus. It divides the distal part of the truncus into two vessels, the aorta and pulmonary artery , which lie side by side above, but near ... part of the truncusarteriosus in the region of the future semilunar valves the manner ... communicates with the remaining aortic arches. Developmental anomalies Failure of the truncusarteriosus to close results in the condition known as Persistent TruncusArteriosus , or simply Truncusarteriosus, one of many cyanotic heart defect s or congenital heart defects . Other pathologies of the truncusarteriosus include transposition of the great vessels arteries in this case , and tetralogy ... DEFAULTSORT TruncusArteriosus Embryology Category Embryology developmental biology stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Persistent TruncusArteriosus ICD10 ICD10 Q 20 0 q 20 ICD9 ICD9 745.0 Image Gray469.png Caption Diagrams to illustrate the transformation of the bulbus cordis . Ao. Truncusarteriosus ... 2316 MeshID D014339 Persistent truncusarteriosus or Truncusarteriosus is a rare form of congenital heart disease that presents at birth. In this condition, the embryological structure known as the truncusarteriosus embryology truncusarteriosus never properly divides into the pulmonary artery and aorta ... and Edwards in 1949. ref Collett RW, Edwards JE Persistent truncusarteriosus a classification ... mmpe sec19 ch287 ch287k.html title Persistent TruncusArteriosus Congenital Cardiovascular ... http www.emedicine.com ped topic2316.htm title eMedicine TruncusArteriosus Article by Doff McElhinney ... of common aorticopulmonary trunk truncusarteriosus communis and its embryologic implications ... of cells in rodents results in persistent truncusarteriosus. ref cite journal author Hutson MR, Kirby ... author Franz T. title Persistent truncusarteriosus in the Splotch mutant mouse. journal Anat. Embryol ... title Neonatal truncusarteriosus repair surgical techniques and clinical management. journal Semin ... arteries are then detached from the common artery truncusarteriosus and connected to the right ventricle ...?v HXlWeSGIR7A TruncusArteriosus Repair in a Premature Newborn Baby http www.scribd.com doc 43761253 Repair of TruncusArteriosus Surgery for TruncusArteriosus Powerpoint Presentation http www.cincinnatichildrens.org health heart encyclopedia anomalies truncus.htm TruncusArteriosus Cincinnati ... TruncusArteriosus information from Seattle Children s Hospital Heart Center Chorus 00755 http ... and deformations of circulatory system DEFAULTSORT Persistent TruncusArteriosus Category Congenital ... Rare diseases az A q arterial axacaq es Truncusarteriosus persistente fr Tronc art riel commun pl Wsp lny pie t tniczy pt Truncusarteriosus ... more details
In analytic geometry , a truncus is a curve in the Cartesian plane consisting of all points x , y satisfying an equation of the form y A x B sup 2 sup C where A , B , and C are given constants. The two asymptotes of a truncus are parallel to the coordinate axes. The standard truncus y 1 x sup 2 sup has asymptotes at x 0 and y 0, and every other truncus can be obtained from this one through a combination translation mathematics translations and dilation mathematics dilations . Compared with the graph of y 1 x sup 2 sup , for the general truncus f x A x B sup 2 sup C The constant A dilates the graph by a factor of A from the x axis that is, the graph is stretched vertically when A 1 and compressed vertically when 0 A 1. When A 0 the graph is reflected in the x axis. The constant B translates the graph horizontally left when B 0 or right when B 0. The constant C translates the graph vertically up when C 0 or down when C 0. Category Curves Geometry stub ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Conus arteriosus Latin GraySubject 138 GrayPage 531 Image Gray492.png Caption Sternocostal surface of heart. Conus arteriosus visible at top center. Image2 Caption2 System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 54 DorlandsSuf 12257620 The conus arteriosus is a conical pouch formed from the upper and left angle of the right ventricle in the chordate heart , from which the pulmonary trunk arises. A tendinous band, which may be named the tendon of the conus arteriosus , extends upward from the Fibrous rings of heart right atrioventricular fibrous ring and connects the posterior surface of the conus arteriosus to the aorta . The conus arteriosus is also called the infundibulum , and it is the entrance from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and pulmonary trunk. The wall of the infundibulum is smooth. Additional images gallery Image Gray490.png Front view of human heart and lungs. gallery External links GPnotebook 254803911 eMedicineDictionary Conus arteriosus Gray s Heart Category Cardiovascular system circulatory stub it Cono arterioso ru ... more details
arteriosus Main Patent ductus arteriosus Failure of a child s DA to close after birth results in a condition called patent ductus arteriosus and the generation of a Cardiac shunt left to right shunt . If left ... and cardiac arrhythmia s. Prostaglandins are responsible for maintaining the ductus arteriosus. Closure ... inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. A patent ductus arteriosus affects around 40 of Down syndrome ... in increasing the risk of patent ductus arteriosus when inhaled by pregnant women at 3 7 weeks of pregnancy. Development of circulatory system Category Embryology de Ductus arteriosus es Ductus arteriosus fr Canal art riel gl Conduto arterioso it Dotto arterioso di Botallo he nl Ductus arteriosus ja no Ductus arteriosus nn Ductus arteriosus pt Duto arterioso ru ... more details
Infobox disease Name Patent ductus arteriosus Image Patent ductus arteriosus.jpg Caption Heart cross ... MedlinePlus 001560 eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 358 MeshName Ductus Arteriosus, Patent MeshNumber C14.240.400.340 Patent ductus arteriosus PDA is a congenital disorder in the heart wherein a neonate s ductus arteriosus fails to close after Childbirth birth . Early symptoms are uncommon, but in the first ... may lead to congestive heart failure if left uncorrected. Overview Etiology A patent ductus arteriosus ... such as Down syndrome Normal ductus arteriosus closure In the developing fetus , the ductus arteriosus DA is the vascular connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta aortic arch .... In most newborns with a patent ductus arteriosus the blood flow is reversed from that of in utero ... arteriosum , remains in the normal adult heart. Patent ductus arteriosus The ductus arteriosus is a normal fetal blood vessel that closes soon after birth. In a patent ductus arteriosus PDA the vessel ... have PDA because of their underdeveloped heart and lungs. A patent ductus arteriosus allows a portion ... are used to keep the patent ductus arteriosus open. Prognosis Without treatments, the disease may ... medlineplus ency article 001560.htm MedlinePlus Patent ductus arteriosus Update Date 21 December ... surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants Systematic ... patent ductus arteriosus DS00631 DSECTION treatments and drugs MayoClinic Patent ductus arteriosus PDA ... arteriosus Citation needed date April 2010 . For example, in transposition of the great vessels , a PDA may prolong the newborn s life until surgical correction is possible. The ductus arteriosus can ... ductus arteriosus.jpg patent ductus arteriosus gallery References Reflist 2 External links http heartcenter.seattlechildrens.org conditions treated patent ductus arteriosus.asp Patent Ductus Arteriosus ... peds html fixed peds hrnewborn pda.htm High Risk Newborn Patent Ductus Arteriosus PDA http www.nhlbi.nih.gov ... more details
Infobox Embryology Name PAGENAME Latin GraySubject 135 GrayPage 514 Image Gray468.png Caption Heart of human embryo of about thirty five days, opened on right side. Aortic septum labeled at center right. Image2 Gray470.png Caption2 Diagrams to show the development of the septum of the aortic bulb and of the ventricle heart ventricles . Aortic septum labeled at center top. System CarnegieStage Days Precursor GivesRiseTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf In the developing heart , the Truncus arteriosus embryology truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aortic septum . This makes its appearance in three portions. 1 Two distal ridge like thickenings project into the lumen of the tube these increase in size, and ultimately meet and fuse to form a septum, which takes a spiral course toward the proximal end of the truncus arteriosus . It divides the distal part of the truncus into two vessels, the aorta and pulmonary artery, which lie side by side above, but near the heart the pulmonary artery is in front of the aorta . 2 Four endocardial cushions appear in the proximal part of the truncus arteriosus in the region of the future semilunar valves the manner in which these are related to the aortic septum is described below. 3 Two endocardial thickenings anterior and posterior develop in the bulbus cordis and unite to form a short septum this joins above with the aortic septum and below with the ventricular septum. The septum grows down into the ventricle as an oblique partition, which ultimately blends with the ventricular septum in such a way as to bring the bulbus cordis into communication with the pulmonary artery , and through the latter with the sixth pair of aortic arches while the left ventricle is brought into continuity with the aorta, which communicates with the remaining aortic arches. Gray s Embryology muscle stub Category Cardiovascular system ... more details
amphibian stub Pulmocutaneous circulation is part of the amphibian circulatory system . It is responsible for directing blood to the skin and lungs. Blood flows from the Ventricle heart ventricle into an artery called the conus arteriosus and from there into either the left or right truncus arteriosus . They in turn each split the ventricle s output into the pulmocutaneous circuit and the systemic circuit . ref Biology, Seventh Edition Neil A. Campbell, University of California, Riverside Jane B. Reece, Berkeley California ref See also Double circulatory system References reflist Category Amphibians Category Cardiovascular system ... more details
Summary Information Description Esquema del coraz n en el que puede observarse la existencia de un truncusarteriosus persistente Source I created this work entirely by myself. Date 26 February 2009 Author User Niels Olson Niels Olson User talk Niels Olson talk other versions Licensing self cc by sa 3.0 GFDL ... more details
Infobox Embryology Name Bulbus cordis Latin GraySubject 135 GrayPage 513 Image Gray466.png Caption Heart showing expansion of the atria . Image2 Gray469.png Caption2 Diagrams to illustrate the transformation of the bulbus cordis. Keith. Ao. Truncus arteriosus . Au. Atrium heart Atrium . B. Bulbus cordis. RV. Right ventricle . LV. Left ventricle . P. Pulmonary artery . System CarnegieStage 9 Precursor GivesRiseTo smooth parts of right ventricle , left ventricle MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre b 26 DorlandsSuf 12200235 The bulbus cordis also known as the conotruncus lies ventral to the primitive ventricle after the developing heart assumes its S shaped form. Together, the bulbus cordis and the primitive ventricle give rise to the Ventricle heart ventricle of the formed heart . The adjacent walls of the bulbus cordis and ventricle approximate, fuse, and finally disappear, and the bulbus cordis now communicates freely with the right ventricle , while the junction of the bulbus with the truncus arteriosus embryology truncus arteriosus is brought directly ventral to and applied to the atrial canal . By the upgrowth of the ventricular septum the bulbus cordis is in great measure separated from the left ventricle , but remains an integral part of the right ventricle, of which it forms the conus arteriosus infundibulum . Additional images gallery Image Gray460.png Head of chick embryo of about thirty eight hours incubation, viewed from the ventral surface. X 26 Image Gray461.png Diagram to illustrate the simple tubular condition of the heart. Image Gray462.png Heart of human embryo of about fourteen days. Image Gray977.png Human embryo about fifteen days old. Brain and heart represented from right side. Digestive tube and yolk sac in median section. gallery External links EmbryologyTemple Heart98 heart97b sld023 EmbryologyUNC cardev 017 LoyolaMedEd GrossAnatomy thorax0 Heart Development AtrioVent.html Gray s Development of circulatory system Category Embryology developmental ... more details
A cyanotic heart defect is a group type of congenital congenital heart defect heart defects CHD s . The patient appears blue cyanosis cyanotic , due to deoxygenated blood bypassing the lung s and entering the systemic circulation . This can be caused by right to left shunt right to left or bidirectional shunt bidirectional shunt medical shunting , or malposition of the great arteries . Cyanotic heart defects, which account for approximately 25 of all CHDs, include Tetralogy of Fallot ToF Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection Hypoplastic left heart syndrome HLHS Transposition of the great arteries d TGA Persistent truncus arteriosus Truncus arteriosus Persistent Tricuspid atresia Interrupted aortic arch Pulmonary atresia PA Pulmonary stenosis critical Patent ductus arteriosus may cause cyanosis in late stage ref Page cite book author Elizabeth D Agabegi Agabegi, Steven S. title Step Up to Medicine Step Up Series publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins location Hagerstwon, MD year 2008 pages isbn 0 7817 7153 6 oclc doi accessdate ref Non Cyanotic Heart Defects Non cyanotic heart defects are more common because of higher survival. In these the shunt is initially from left oxygenated to right non oxygenated . These are Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Coarctation of aorta may cause cyanosis in some cases Double outlet left right ventricle When the defect is long standing, pressure can build up in the pulmonary arteries and the shunt can reverse, thus leading to cyanosis. This is called Eisenmenger syndrome . References reflist Category Congenital heart disease ... more details
Infobox Embryology Name Primitive heart tube Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray461.png Caption Diagram to illustrate the simple tubular condition of the heart. Image2 Gray462.png Caption2 Heart of human embryo of about fourteen days. System CarnegieStage Days 21 Precursor splanchnic mesoderm GivesRiseTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The primitive heart tube is the earliest stage of heart development. From the inflow to the outflow, it consists of sinus venosus , primitive atrium , the primitive ventricle , the bulbus cordis , and truncus arteriosus . ref Cite web url http www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov articlerender.fcgi?artid 1767109 title Development of the human heart days 15 21 accessdate 2007 09 18 format work ref It forms primarily from splanchnic mesoderm . ref Cite web url http isc.temple.edu marino embryology Heart98 heart text.htm title Text for Cardiovascular Development accessdate 2007 09 18 work ref More specifically, they form from endocardial tubes, starting at day 21. ref Cite web url http www.meddean.luc.edu Lumen meded grossanatomy thorax0 heartdev tube.html title Heart Tube Formation accessdate 2007 09 18 work ref References references External links EmbryologyTemple Heart98 heart97a sld018 EmbryologyTemple Heart98 heart97a sld019 Development of circulatory system Category Developmental biology Category Embryology Anatomy stub es Tubo card aco primitivo pl Cewa sercowa ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 Q 20 0 q 20 ICD10 Q 20 3 q 20 , ICD10 Q 21 4 q 20 ICD9 ICD9 745.0 ICD9 745.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D001028 An aortopulmonary septal defect is a heart disorder deriving from disorders of the development of the aorticopulmonary septum . There are numerous types. ref name pmid9591904 cite journal author McElhinney DB, Reddy VM, Tworetzky W, Silverman NH, Hanley FL title Early and late results after repair of aortopulmonary septal defect and associated anomalies in infants 6 months of age journal Am. J. Cardiol. volume 81 issue 2 pages 195 201 year 1998 month January pmid 9591904 doi 10.1016 S0002 9149 97 00881 3 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0002 9149 97 00881 3 ref Types include persistent truncus arteriosus ref cite web url http library.med.utah.edu WebPath CVHTML CV103.html title Cardiovascular Pathology accessdate 2007 10 14 format work ref double outlet right ventricle transposition of the great vessels tetralogy of Fallot References reflist Category Cardiovascular system circulatory stub Congenital heart defects ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2009 Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin pars ascendens aortae, aorta ascendens GraySubject 142 Image Gray506.svg Caption Plan of the branches. Image2 Gray505.png Caption2 The arch of the aorta, and its branches. BranchFrom BranchTo aortic arch , right coronary artery , left coronary artery Vein Supplies MeshName MeshNumber Precursor Truncus arteriosus embryology truncus arteriosus DorlandsPre p 07 DorlandsSuf 12616312 The ascending aorta is a portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the Human sternum sternum it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heart s axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage , describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the Human sternum sternum . The total length is about 5 cm in length. Components The aortic root is the portion of the ascending aorta beginning at the aortic annulus and extending to the sinotubular junction. Between each commissure of the aortic valve and opposite the cusps of the aortic valve, three small dilatations called the aortic sinuses . The sinotubular junction is the point in the ascending aorta where the aortic sinuses end and the aorta becomes a tubular structure. Relations At the union of the ascending aorta with the aortic arch the caliber of the vessel is increased, owing to a bulging of its right wall. This dilatation is termed the bulb of the aorta , and on transverse section presents a somewhat oval figure. The ascending aorta is contained within the pericardium , and is enclosed in a tube of the serous pericardium, common to it and the pulmonary artery . The ascending aorta is covered at its commencement by the trunk of the pulmonary artery and the right atrium right auricula , and, higher up, is separated from the sternum by the p ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Pulmonary artery Latin truncus pulmonalis, arteria pulmonalis GraySubject 141 GrayPage 543 Imagemap Heart diagram 250px Caption Anterior frontal view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. Pulmonary artery labeled at upper right. Image2 Alveoli diagram.png Caption2 Diagram of the alveoli with both cross section and external view. BranchFrom right ventricle BranchTo Vein pulmonary vein Precursor truncusarteriosus embryology truncusarteriosus Supplies MeshName Pulmonary Artery MeshNumber A07.231.114.715 DorlandsPre t 20 DorlandsSuf 12826098 The pulmonary arteries , or Ransley s arteries in the UK carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs . They are the only artery arteries other than Umbilical artery umbilical arteries in the fetus that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart , the pulmonary trunk pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery begins at the base of the right ventricle . It is short and wide approximately 5 cm 2 inches in length and 3 cm 1.2 inches in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries left and right , which deliver de oxygenated blood to the corresponding lung . Role in disease Pulmonary hypertension occurs alone and as a consequence of a number of pulmonology lung diseases . It can also be a consequence of heart disease Eisenmenger s syndrome but equally a cause right ventricular heart failure it also occurs as a consequence of pulmonary embolism and scleroderma . It is characterised by reduced exercise tolerance. Severe forms, generally, have a dismal prognosis. Additional images gallery Image Bronchial anatomy.jpg Bronchial anatomy gallery gallery Image Illu bronchi lungs.jpg Bronchi, bronchial tree, and lungs Image Illu pulmonary circuit.jpg Pulmonary circuit Image Alveolus diagram.svg Alveolus diagram gallery gallery Image Lungs anatomy.png Anatomy of lungs. Image Gray490.png Front view of heart and lungs. Image Gray503.png Transverse section of thorax ... more details
Infobox Vein Name PAGENAME Latin venae pulmonales GraySubject 165 GrayPage 642 Imagemap Heart diagram 250px Caption Anterior frontal view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. Image2 Alveoli diagram.png Caption2 Diagram of the alveoli with both cross section and external view. DrainsFrom lungs Source DrainsTo left atrium Artery pulmonary artery Precursor truncus arteriosus embryology truncus arteriosus MeshName Pulmonary Veins MeshNumber A07.231.908.713 DorlandsPre v 05 DorlandsSuf 12851530 The pulmonary vein is a large blood vessel that carries blood from the lung s to the left atrium anatomy atrium of the heart . In humans there are four pulmonary veins, two from each lung. They carry Oxygenation medical oxygenated blood, which is unusual since almost all other veins carry deoxygenated blood. Types They are four in number, two from each lung, and are destitute of valves. They are right inferior right superior left inferior left superior Path They commence as a network of capillary capillaries on the walls of the alveoli i.e. air sacs , where they are continuous with the capillary ramifications of the pulmonary artery . The capillaries on each alveolus join together and form one vessel, which upon uniting form a single trunk for each lung lobe three for the right, and two for the left lung. The vein from the middle lobe of the right lung generally unites with that from the upper lobe so that ultimately two trunks from each lung are formed. The individual trunks perforate the fibrous layer of the pericardium and open separately into the upper and back part of the left atrium . Occasionally the three veins on the right side remain separate, and not infrequently the two left pulmonary veins end by a common opening into the left atrium. Therefore, the number of pulmonary veins opening into the left atrium can vary between three and five in the healthy population. At the root of the lung, the superior pulmonary vein lies in front of and a little ... more details
to the ductus arteriosus . Blood flow to the aorta that is distal to the narrowing is dependent on the ductus arteriosus therefor severe coarctation can be life threatening. Preductal coarctation results ... The narrowing occurs at the insertion of the ductus arteriosus. This kind usually appears when the ductus arteriosus closes. Postductal coarctation The narrowing is distal to the insertion of the ductus arteriosus. Even with an open ductus arteriosus blood flow to the lower body can be impaired ... coarctation is most likely the result of the extension of a muscular artery ductus arteriosus ... arteriosus upon birth subsequently narrows the aortic lumen. ref http emedicine.medscape.com article ... ductus arteriosus or mitral valve abnormalities. Coarctation is about twice as common in boys as it is in girls ... more details
The cardiac neural crest is a form of neural crest . ref name urlThe Neural Crest cite web url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid dbio.section.3109 title The Neural Crest format work accessdate 2009 05 31 ref The cardiac neural crest develops from the dorsal neural tube. ref name pmid18292601 cite journal author Sun X, Zhang R, Lin X, Xu X title Wnt3a regulates the development of cardiac neural crest cells by modulating expression of cysteine rich intestinal protein 2 in rhombomere 6 journal Circ. Res. volume 102 issue 7 pages 831 9 year 2008 month April pmid 18292601 doi 10.1161 CIRCRESAHA.107.166488 url http circres.ahajournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 18292601 ref It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the branchial arches pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 producing structures in the head and to the heart , forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. Other Migration Locations Into the pharyngeal arches and Truncus arteriosus embryology , forming the aorticopulmonary septum ref name pmid10725237 cite journal author Jiang X, Rowitch DH, Soriano P, McMahon AP, Sucov HM title Fate of the mammalian cardiac neural crest journal Development volume 127 issue 8 pages 1607 16 year 2000 month April pmid 10725237 doi url http dev.biologists.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 10725237 ref and the smooth muscle of great arteries . Anterior of the aorta to become the four pre aortic ganglia celiac ganglion , superior mesenteric ganglion , inferior mesenteric ganglion and aortical renal ganglia Notch2 plays an important role in development. ref name pmid18330927 cite journal author Varadkar P, Kraman M, Despres D, Ma G, Lozier J, McCright B title Notch2 is required for the proliferation of cardiac neural crest derived smooth muscle cells journal Dev. Dyn. volume 237 issue 4 pages 1144 52 year 2008 month April pmid 18330927 doi 10.1002 dvdy.21502 ref References reflist Development of nervous system Category Embryology ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
