picric acid br hexanitrobenzene br 2,4 Dinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene IPAc en icon t r a n a t r t l j . i n TNT , or more specifically, 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene , is a chemical compound with the formula ... is nitrated to trinitrotoluene or TNT using an anhydrous mixture of nitric acid and oleum . Nitric .... In the laboratory, 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene is produced by a two step process. A nitrating ..., the mixture is heated on a steam bath. The trinitrotoluene is separated, washed with a dilute ... harmful effects on the immune system have also been found in animals that ingested or breathed trinitrotoluene ... toxprofiles tp81.pdf Toxicological Profile for 2,4,6 Trinitrotoluene ref TNT is listed as a possible ... cgi bin sis search r?dbs hsdb term na rel Trinitrotoluene from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency s Integrated Risk Information System IRIS within the NLM Hazardous Substances Databank &ndash Trinitrotoluene ... Registry title 2,4,6 Trinitrotoluene url http www.atsdr.cdc.gov ToxProfiles tp81 c2.pdf accessdate 2010 ... of trinitrotoluene. Even small quantities of such impurities can cause such effect. The effect shows ... it Trinitrotoluene he TNT lv Trinitrotoluols lb Trinitrotoluol lt TNT hu Trinitrotoluol ... pl Trotyl pt TNT ro Trinitrotoluen ru sah simple Trinitrotoluene ... tr Trinitrotoluen uk ur Trinitrotoluene vi Trinitrotoluen zh ... more details
transfer from commons File Trinitrotoluene acsv.svg , which is uploaded 2007 04 07 by commons User Calvero Calvero as own Template PD chem PD chem This image is on .en for testing debugging svg do not use it in actual articles. PD chem Category PD chem Category Unclassified Chemical Structures KeepLocal ... more details
Orphan date April 2011 The Webster s test is a qualitative urine test used to detect the presence of trinitrotoluene and its metabolites . ref http www.atsdr.cdc.gov ToxProfiles tp81 c2.pdf ref The test was developed in 1917 by T.A. Webster ref cite journal pmc 2341277 ref in London as a way to test for trinitrotoluene poisoning. A positive test results in a purple color for the acidified urine samples. References references Category Urine tests ... more details
The canary girls were the United Kingdom s trinitrotoluene TNT shell makers of World War I 1914 1918 . The nickname arose because exposure to TNT can turn the skin orange yellow and cause other, Trinitrotoluene Safety and toxicity more serious health problems , similar to the plumage of the bird, the Domestic Canary canary . ref cite book last Rosser first Sue title Women, science, and myth year 2008 publisher ABC CLIO pages 502 url http books.google.com books?id OB4OgT8OH7sC&dq canary girl world war ii&source gbs navlinks s ref Since most men were joining the military, women were required to fill factory jobs formerly occupied by men. The United Kingdom used slogans like National Service or Women s Land Army to encourage young women to join the work force. References reflist Category British women in World War I ... more details
Amatex is a military explosive consisting of 51 ammonium nitrate , 40 Trinitrotoluene TNT , and 9 RDX . ref cite journal isbn 9780851773292 page 100 author John Campbell. year 1985 publisher Conway Maritime Press location London title Naval weapons of World War Two ref Reference Reflist Category Explosives explosive stub ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2008 Composition H6 is a castable military explosive compound composed of the following percentages by weight 45 RDX 30 trinitrotoluene TNT 20 Powder substance powdered aluminium 5 paraffin wax as a phlegmatized phlegmatizing agent. Another very similar version of H6 has the following proportions RDX including Nitrocellulose , Calcium Chloride and Calcium Silicate 45.1 , Trinitrotoluene 29.2 , powdered Aluminium 21 and 4.7 paraffin wax & Lecithin . H6 is used in a number of military applications, notably underwater munitions e.g. naval mine s, depth charge s and torpedo es where it has generally replaced torpex , being less shock sensitive and having more stable storage characteristics. It is approximately 1.35 times more powerful than pure TNT. See also Torpex Tritonal Minol explosive Minol References reflist explosive stub Category Explosives es H6 fr Composition H6 lt H6 mi inys ja Mark 81 pl H 6 ru Composition H6 sk H6 ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Webster s reagent is a solution of sodium hydroxide and ethyl alcohol used to test surfaces for the presence of Trinitrotoluene TNT and Tetryl explosive compounds. Specifically Webster s reagent responds to the presence of the trinitrophenyl group. Though it is normally used in testing for explosives, presence of other nitrated organic ring compounds such as benzene s and naphthalene s will also give positive Webster reactions. Webster s reagent stock solution is made by saturating absolute ethyl alcohol with pellets of sodium hydroxide. The stock solution is then diluted with a 9 1 ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol. ref cite web url http 72.14.253.104 search?q cache FtIm4lngmQUJ https midas.dac.army.mil dispalt DISPALTSWEBSTERS REAGENT.html websters reagent&hl en&ct clnk&cd 1&gl us&client firefox a title WEBSTER S REAGENT AND MODIFIED WEBSTER S REAGENT FOR EXPLOSIVE TESTING accessdate 2007 07 18 ref Explosives detected by Webster s reagent Trinitrotoluene TNT Comp B Amatol Tetryl Tritonal Pentolite Military dynamite References div class references small references div Category Explosives Category Reagents for organic chemistry ... more details
Pentolite is a high explosive used for military and civilian purposes e.g. warheads and booster charges. Military pentolite comprises a mixture of 50 PETN and 50 trinitrotoluene TNT . A 50 50 mixture has a density of 1.65 g cm sup 3 sup and a detonation velocity of 7400 m s. Civilian pentolite sometimes contains a lower percentage of PETN. Civilian pentolite has a detonation velocity of approximately 7,800 metres per second. External links http www.vetrivelexplosives.com sunPenta.htm Additional information re. Pentolite boosters Category Explosives explosive stub ar eo Pentolito ja vi Pentolite ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The net explosive quantity NEQ , also known as net explosive content NEC or net explosive weight NEW , of a shipment of munition s, fireworks or similar products is the total mass of the contained explosive explosive substances , without the packaging, casings, bullets etc. It also includes the mass of the trinitrotoluene TNT equivalent of all contained energetic substances. ref http www.dtic.mil doctrine dod dictionary data n 10781.html Net explosive weight , United States Department of Defense DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms , accessed 21 March 2008 ref The NEQ is often stated on shipment containers for safety purposes. References Reflist Category Explosives explosive stub ... more details
The Telamiina 65 77 Track mine model 66, with detonator model 77 is a Finnish Army standard issue anti tank mine . The mine consists of a 9.5 kg 21 lbs charge of Trinitrotoluene TNT . The mine is armed with a pressure detonator set to explode on a weight of 100 kg 220 lbs . The blast effect blows off the tank s track and damages the driving wheel. The mine is also known as the Tellu female name, truncated form of Tellervo . References http www.mil.fi maavoimat kalustoesittely index.dsp?level 70&equipment 124 Category Anti tank mines Weapon stub simple TM 65 77 ... more details
Merge Gigaton Petaton Teraton target TNT equivalent discuss Talk TNT equivalent Merge discussion date June 2011 An exaton is a Units of measurement unit of mass that is equal to 1,000 petaton petatons . It can also used as a unit of energy equivalent to 1 e 18 one billion billion tons of Trinitrotoluene TNT . This latter use is usually restricted to astronomical events such as meteor impacts or large science fiction weapons. See also Petaton Teraton Gigaton TNT equivalent Category Units of energy Category Units of mass measurement stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 For the musical group Tritonal band For the musical interval Tritone Tritonal is a mixture of 80 Trinitrotoluene TNT and 20 aluminium Powder substance powder , used in several types of ordnance such as air dropped bomb s. The aluminium improves the total heat output and hence impulse of the TNT the length of time during which the blast wave is positive. Tritonal is approximately 18 more powerful than TNT alone. The 87 kilogram kg of tritonal in a Mark 82 bomb has the potential to produce approximately 438.98 megajoule MJ of energy if detonated. See also Torpex Composition H6 Minol explosive Minol Category Explosives Weapon stub de Tritonal it Tritonal he lt Tritonalas ja pl Tritonal pt Tritonal ru uk vi Tritonal ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 For WebSideStory s HBX tool see WebSideStory . HBX is a family of binary explosive s that are composed of RDX , trinitrotoluene TNT , powdered aluminium , and D 2 wax with calcium chloride . ref cite web url http www.everyspec.com MIL SPECS MIL SPECS MIL E download.php?spec MIL E 22267A.033995.pdf title Spec MIL E 22267A date 31 May 1963 ref ref cite web url http hnsa.org doc ordnance index.htm title U.S. Explosive Ordnance, OP 1664, 1947 ref It is used in missile warheads and underwater ordnance. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Hbx Category Explosives Weapon stub Explosive stub fr Hexolite ja HBX pl HBX vi HBX ... more details
Merge Gigaton Exaton Teraton target TNT equivalent discuss Talk TNT equivalent Merge discussion date June 2011 A petaton is a Units of measurement unit of mass that is equal to 1,000 teraton s. It can also used as a unit of energy equivalent to 1 E 15 one million billion tons of Trinitrotoluene TNT . This latter use is usually restricted to astronomical events such as meteor impacts or large science fiction weapons. The energy released by the explosion of one petaton of TNT, 4.18 E 24 joule s, is equivalent to the energy of an earthquake of magnitude 12 on the Richter Scale , or to the energy of a 60 km rocky meteorite impacting the earth at 25 km s. Citation needed date September 2009 See also Exaton Teraton Gigaton TNT equivalent Category Units of energy Category Units of mass Measurement stub nl Petaton ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The MON 200 is a directional type anti personnel mine designed and manufactured in Russia . It is an enlarged version of the MON 100 mine. Because of its large size, this directional blast mine can also be used against light skinned vehicles and helicopters. Specifications Mine Type Anti personnel Country of Origin Russia Mine Action Material Sheet Metal Shape Circular Colour Green , Olive Total Weight 25 kg Explosive Content 12 kg trinitrotoluene TNT Operating Pressure kg Length n a Width 130 mm Height n a Diameter 434 mm See also MON 100 DEFAULTSORT Mon 200 Category Area denial weapons Category Cold War weapons of the Soviet Union Category Anti personnel mines tr MON 200 zh MON 200 ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Nitramex and Nitramon Explosives are compositions of various chemical compound s. They are explosives based on ammonium nitrate and other ingredients such as paraffin wax , aluminum and dinitrotoluene . The binding of these additional ingredients creates a more stable explosive. Nitramex and Nitramon have been replaced by more modern high explosives based on ammonium nitrate such as ANFO . Nitramon A typical nitramon formula contains approximately 92 percent ammonium nitrate, 4 percent dinitrotoluene, and 4 percent paraffin wax. Nitramex Nitramex has much the same formula as nitramon with the addition of trinitrotoluene or TNT. This explosive was used in the removal of Ripple Rock by tunneling and placing large quantities of Nitramex 2H. This is known as one of the largest non nuclear explosions to mankind. Explosive stub DEFAULTSORT Nitramex And Nitramon Explosives Category Explosive chemicals ... more details
The TM 89 is a Russia n anti tank mine first publicly shown in 1993. The mine uses a Misznay Schardin effect warhead capable of producing a 60 mm diameter hole in 100 mm of armour. The mine is fitted with a two channel magnetic influence fuze, and can be laid from the GMZ 3 mine layer or by the VMR 2 helicopter mine layer. Specifications Weight 11.5 kg Diameter 320 mm Height 131 mm Explosive content 6.7 kg of TG 40 60 RDX 40 trinitrotoluene TNT See also Anti tank mine Land mine References Jane s Mines and Mine Clearance 2005 2006. Category Anti tank mines ru 89 tr TM 89 may n ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2007 Tetrytol is a high explosive , comprising a mixture of Tetryl and trinitrotoluene TNT . Typically, the proportion of ingredients by weight is approximately 70 tetryl and 30 TNT. Given that tetryl is significantly more sensitive than TNT, has a slightly higher detonation velocity and forms the main part of this explosive blend, the sensitivity of tetrytol and its brisance can be inferred. Applications of tetrytol are usually military in nature e.g. burster tubes for chemical weapons e.g. nerve gas artillery shell shells , blocks of demolition explosives and cast shaped charge s. When compared to pure TNT, Tetrytol does not store well at the higher temperatures typical of desert or tropical environments. Note tetryl has been regarded as obsolete for a number of years. As a result, any tetrytol explosives encountered will usually be in the form of legacy munitions or unexploded ordnance dating from the 1960s and earlier. Category Explosive chemicals Explosive stub sk Tetrytol ... more details
Picratol is a high explosive mixture, comprising 52 ammonium picrate Explosive D and 48 trinitrotoluene TNT . It has a detonation velocity of approximately 6,972 metres per second. Picratol has no civilian applications. It was exclusively intended for military use and was especially popular during the Second World War . The main advantage of Picratol is its insensitivity to shock. As a result it proved useful as the main explosive filling in armour piercing shells and aerial bombs. Picratol is an obsolete explosive and is therefore unlikely to be encountered, except in the form of legacy munitions and unexploded ordnance . External links http www.wwiibythebook.com index2.htm? USA Ammunition Explosives Picratol.htm&2 Additional information re. Picratol explosive stub Category Explosives pl Picratol ... more details
Ednatol is a yellow high explosive , comprising about 58 ethylenedinitramine aka Haleite or Explosive H and 42 trinitrotoluene TNT . It was developed in the USA circa 1935 and used as a substitute for Composition B in large general purpose and fragmentation bombs. It has a detonation velocity of approximately 7,400 metres per second. Ednatol was also used as Pentolite is used in rockets, grenades and high explosive antitank shells. http wwiibythebook.com index2.htm? USA Ammunition Explosives Ednatol.htm&2 Ednatol was cast in the same manner as amatol . The resulting explosive was stable, non hygroscopic and could be stored for long periods. Ednatol has no civilian applications. It was exclusively intended for military use and was especially popular during the Second World War . It is now an obsolete explosive and therefore unlikely to be encountered, except in of legacy munitions and unexploded ordnance . explosive stub Category Explosives lt Ednatolas ... more details
IMX 101 is a high performance insensitive explosive developed by BAE Systems and the United States Army to replace Trinitrotoluene TNT in artillery shells, starting as soon as 2011. ref http www.spacewar.com reports BAE IMX 101 Explosive Approved To Replace TNT In US Army Artillery 999.html BAE IMX 101 Explosive Approved To Replace TNT In US Army Artillery ref ref http www.dtic.mil ndia 2007im em BBriefs 7Wilson.pdf DTIC Background and Introduction to IMX 101, 102 and 103 ref ref http www.dtic.mil ndia 2007im em BBriefs 7Singh.pdf The Application of New IM Explosive Candidates DTIC Online ref ref http www.spacewar.com reports Army Approves Safer Explosive To Replace TNT 999.html Army Approves Safer Explosive To Replace TNT ref See also M107 projectile References Reflist Category Explosives ru IMX 101 ... more details
unreferenced date August 2011 An explosive booster acts as a bridge between a low energy explosive and a low sensitivity but typically high energy explosive such as trinitrotoluene TNT . It increases the explosive shockwave from an initiating explosive to the degree sufficient to detonate the secondary charge. Unlike C 4 28explosive 29 C4 plastic explosive , not all explosives can be detonated simply by inserting a detonator and firing it. An initiator such as shock tube , cannon Fuse explosives fuse or even a conventional detonator does not deliver sufficient shock to detonate charges comprising Trinitrotoluene TNT , Composition B , ANFO and many other high explosives . Therefore, some form of booster is required to amplify the energy released by the detonator so that the main charge will detonate. Tetryl was once a very popular chemical for booster charges, particularly during World War II , but has been largely superseded by other compositions e.g. a small cylinder or pellet of pure RDX or PETN slightly larger than the actual detonator into which the detonator itself is inserted. Note booby trap s and improvised explosive device s frequently use plastic explosive as the booster, for example, some C4 explosive C4 or Semtex stuffed into the empty fuze pocket of a 120mm mortar shell . This is because any standard detonator will initiate plastic explosive as is. When encountered in connection with artillery shells or air dropped bombs, a booster charge is sometimes referred to as the gaine . See detonators . At a purely technical level, explosive boosters are not required to initiate high explosives a sufficiently large detonator would suffice. However, there are good reasons why this method is not used. Firstly, there is a major safety issue i.e. detonators are by definition much more sensitive to shock and heat than an explosive booster, so minimising the amounts that users must store or carry greatly reduces the likelihood of accidents. An additional economic reas ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Julius Bernhard Friedrich Bill Wilbrand August 22, 1839 June 22, 1906 ref Familienarchiv Familie Wilbrand O13, Nr. 139, Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt . ref was a Germany German chemist . Born in Gie en , he discovered trinitrotoluene in 1863, ref http books.google.de books?id qmgTAAAAQAAJ Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie , Bd. 128, 1863, S. 178 179. ref ref G. Carlton Smith TNT. Trinitrotoluenes and Mono and Dinitrotoluenes, Their Manufacture and Properties , New York 1918, S. 17 18. ref but the compound s use as an explosive was not developed until later. In 1863, he made a breakthrough in field of thermo chemistry by inventing trinitrotoluene or TNT which was obtained by the nitration of toluene. In 1860, the Prussian E. Schulz aimed at making an agent siles. But later on he found the procedure to be too complicated. Even then, his finding were useful in the research of propellants in the field of astronautics . References references Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Wilbrand, Joseph ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH August 22, 1839 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1906 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Wilbrand, Joseph Category 1839 births Category 1906 deaths Category German chemists Germany chemist stub be ca Julius Bernhard Friedrich Adolph Wilbrand de Julius Wilbrand fr Julius Wilbrand pl Julius Wilbrand ru , ... more details
Infobox Weapon name RG 42 hand grenade image Image RG 42 grenade Navy.jpg 300px caption A cutaway of an RG 42 grenade. origin Soviet Union type Hand grenade Type selection is ranged is explosive 1 Service history service used by wars Production history designer design date manufacturer production date number variants General specifications weight 420 g with fuse length 130 mm with fuse part length crew Ranged weapon specifications cartridge caliber action rate velocity range max range feed sights Explosive specifications diameter 55 mm filling trinitrotoluene TNT filling weight 110 to 120 g detonation delay fuse 3.2 to 4.2 s yield The Soviet Union Soviet RG 42 was a Hand grenade fragmentation grenade originally introduced during World War II as an emergency measure, continuing in use with the USSR and its Warsaw Pact allies in the post war period. It contained about 200 gram s of explosive charge trinitrotoluene TNT in a cylindrical can. The grenade could be thrown about 35 40 meters and has an effective blast radius of around 10 meters. The total weight of the grenade with the fuse was about 500 grams. It used the 3.2 to 4 second UZRGM fuse, also used in the RGD 5 , RG 41 , and F1 grenade Russia F1 grenades . References reflist External links http www.saunalahti.fi junkyard grenades.html Finnish Junkyard See also File RG 42.jpg thumb 200px left RG 42 WWIIUSSRInfWeapons Category Hand grenades of the Soviet Union Category World War II Soviet infantry weapons Category Fragmentation grenades cs Gran t RG 42 pl Granat RG 42 ru 42 sah 42 uk 42 ... more details
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