The temporalparadox , or time problem is a controversial issue in the evolutionary relationships of birds. It was described by paleornithology paleornithologist Alan Feduccia . ref name Feduccia94 Feduccia, Alan 1994 The Great Dinosaur Debate Living Bird. 13 29 33. ref ref name Feduccia96 Feduccia, Alan 1996 The Origin and Evolution of Birds. Yale University Press . New Haven, Connecticut New Haven, Conn. USA. ref Objection to consensus File Paleontological temporalparadox diagram 02.jpg thumb Diagram illustrating the determined age of four different prehistoric bird genera, compared to the age of some birdlike dinosaurs and feathered dinosaurs . The concept of a temporalparadox is based on the following facts. The consensus view is that birds evolved from dinosaurs, but the most bird like dinosaurs , including almost all of the feathered dinosaurs and those believed to be most closely related to birds the maniraptora ns , are known mostly from the Cretaceous , by which time birds had already evolved and diversified. If bird like dinosaurs are the ancestors of birds they should be older than birds, but Archaeopteryx is 155 million years old, while the very bird like Deinonychus is 35 million years younger. This idea is sometimes summarized as you can t be your own grandmother . As Peter ... if one used the logic of the temporalparadox, one should still prefer dinosaurs as the ancestors ... 40 505 506, 2000. ref blockquote Problems Numerous researchers have discredited the idea of the temporalparadox. Witmer 2002 summarized this critical literature by pointing out that there are at least ... doi 10.1038 nature07447 ref and the basal Alvarezsauridae alvarezsaur Haplocheirus . Third, if the temporalparadox would indicate that birds should not have evolved from dinosaurs, then what animals ... been proposed as bird ancestors, and found that all of them create temporal paradoxes long ... assessment of temporal congruence in the bird origins debate pp.511 535 in New Perspectives ... more details
wiktionarypar temporalTemporal can refer to of or relating to time Temporality in philosophy Temporal database , a database recording aspects of time varying values The Temporal power Papal of the Popes of the Roman Catholic Church The Lords Temporal , secular members of the House of Lords Temporal laws, as distinct from sacred or eternal laws Temporal video game , a freeware platform and puzzle game of or relating to the temple anatomy Temporal bone , a part of the skull Temporal lobe , a part of the brain Temporal scales in logic, it can refer to Temporal logic disambig de Temporal es Temporal gl Temporal it Temporale disambigua pt Temporal ur Temporal ... more details
Other uses See List of paradoxes Merge from Paradoxology discuss talk paradox Proposal to merge Paradoxology date November 2009 A paradox is a seemingly true statement or group of statements that lead ... on words, faulty and or cannot all be true together. But many paradoxes, such as Curry s paradox , do not yet have universally accepted resolutions. The word paradox is often used interchangeably with contradiction ... the term paradox is used for situations that are merely surprising.. The logician Willard V. O ... of absurdities , from veridical paradoxes , such as the birthday paradox , which are seeming ... of Paradox and Other Essays chapter The Ways of Paradox first Willard last Van Orman Quine authorlink ... type, typically counterintuitive outcomes of economic theory, such as Simpson s paradox . In literature a paradox can be any contradiction contradictory or obviously untrue statement, which resolves itself upon later inspection . Logical paradox See also List of paradoxes Common themes ... different levels of abstraction . Patrick Hughes artist Patrick Hughes outlines three laws of the paradox ... of the Liar paradox . The statement is referring to itself. Another example of self reference is the question of whether the barber shaves himself in the Barber paradox . One more example would be Is the answer ... says, I can t operate on this boy. He s my son. The apparent paradox is caused by a hasty generalization if the surgeon is the boy s father, the statement cannot be true. The paradox is resolved ... of the famous liar paradox it is a sentence which cannot be consistently interpreted as true ... valued logic unknowable . Russell s paradox , which shows that the notion of the set mathematics .... The grandfather paradox , for example, would arise if a time travel er were to kill his own grandfather before his mother or father was conceived, thereby preventing his own birth. This paradox ... distinguished between three classes of paradoxes A veridical paradox produces a result that appears ... more details
Temporal region can refer to Temporal lobe Temple anatomy disambig Excess long comment to prevent listing on Special Shortpages ............................................................ more details
Temporal branches can refer to any one of several different structures near the temple anatomy or temporal bone Nerves Temporal branches of the facial nerve rami temporales nervi facialis superficial temporal branches of auriculotemporal nerve rami temporales superficiales nervi auriculotemporalis Arteries Temporal branches of the middle meningeal artery Temporal branches of the middle cerebral artery posterior temporal branches of lateral occipital artery rami temporales posteriores arteriae occipitalis lateralis anterior temporal branches of lateral occipital artery rami temporales anteriores arteriae occipitalis lateralis disambig ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox Nerve Name Temporal nerves Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Mandibular nerve branches.png Caption Mandibular nerve branches. Image2 Caption2 Innervates BranchFrom trigeminal nerve , facial nerve BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The temporal nerves innervates the temporal muscle or the skin and can be either Deep temporal nerves , from the trigeminal nerve Temporal branches of the facial nerve Category Nerves Neuroanatomy stub ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin fossa temporalis GraySubject 46 GrayPage 183 Image Fossatemporalis.PNG Caption The temporal fossa is clearly visible in this picture Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The temporal fossa is a shallow depression on the side of the human skull skull bounded by the temporal lines and terminating below the level of the zygomatic arch . Boundaries Medial Os frontale , os parietale , os temporale , os sphenoidale , os occipitale bones of neurocranium . Lateral Temporal fascia Anterior Posterior surface of the frontal process of the zygomatic bone and the posterior surface of the zygomatic process of the frontal bone. Superior Pair of temporal lines superior and inferior temporal lines that arch across the skull from the zygomatic process of the frontal bone to the supramastoid crest of the temporal bone Inferior Zygomatic arch laterally and by the infratemporal crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid medially. Contents Temporalis muscle Deep temporal arteries Deep temporal nerves Superficial temporal artery from external carotid Zygomaticotemporal nerve External links eMedicineDictionary Temporal fossa musculoskeletal stub Sutures hu Fossa temporalis pl D skroniowy sv Fossa temporalis ... more details
Temporal finitism is the idea that time is finite . The context of the idea is the pre modern era, before mathematicians had understood the concept of infinity and before physical cosmology . The philosophy of Aristotle , expressed in such works as his physics Aristotle physics , held that although space was finite, with only void existing beyond the outermost sphere of the heavens, time was infinite. This caused problems for Early Islamic philosophy mediaeval Islamic , Jewish philosophy Jewish and Christian philosophy Christian philosophers , who were unable to reconcile the Aristotelianism Aristotelian conception of the eternal with the Abrahamic religions Abrahamic view of Creation. ref name Feldman cite journal title Gersonides Proofs for the Creation of the Universe author Seymour Feldman journal Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research volume 35 year 1967 pages 113 137 doi 10.2307 3622478 url http jstor.org stable 3622478 publisher Proceedings of the American Academy ..., establishing temporal finitism. He was followed by many others including Al Kindi , Saadia Gaon ... Philoponus arguments for temporal finitism were severalfold. Contra Aristotlem has been lost, and is chiefly ... bjps 30.2.165 postscript None ref An actual infinite cannot exist. An infinite temporal regress of events is an actual infinite. Unicode An infinite temporal regress of events cannot exist. The second ... addition , states ref name Craig An actual infinite cannot be completed by successive addition. The temporal series of past events has been completed by successive addition. Unicode The temporal series ... Immanuel Kant s argument for temporal finitism, at least in one direction, from his First Antinomy ... Hartshorne s principle of least paradox As long as the problems in one s own position are fewer than .... and points out several problems with the idea of temporal finitism. ref name Viney One such problem ... of Creation Science , and similar arguments made by Bertrand Russell , he argues that there is a paradox ... more details
Muscle infobox Name Temporal muscle Image Gray382.png Caption The Temporalis the zygomatic arch and Masseter have been removed. Latin musculus temporalis Origin temporal lines on the parietal bone of the skull. Insertion Coronoid process of the mandible coronoid process of the Human mandible mandible . Blood deep temporal arteries deep temporal Nerve mandibular nerve V3 Action Elevation kinesiology elevation and Retraction kinesiology retraction of Human mandible mandible Antagonist Platysma muscle The temporal muscle is one of the muscles of mastication . Structure It arises from the temporal fossa and the deep part of temporal fascia . It passes medial to the zygomatic arch and inserts onto the coronoid process of the Human mandible mandible . The temporal muscle is covered by the temporal fascia , also known as the temporal aponeurosis. The muscle is accessible on the Temple anatomy temples , and can be seen and felt Muscle contraction contracting while the jaw is clenching and unclenching. Innervation As with the other muscles of mastication, control of the temporal muscle comes from the third mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve . Specifically, the muscle is innervated by the deep temporal nerves. Blood supply The muscle receives its blood supply from the deep temporal arteries which anastomose with the middle temporal artery . Actions Contraction of the temporal muscle elevates the mandible. The somewhat horizontal fibers of the posterior part of the muscle retract the mandible. Additional images gallery Image Illu head neck muscle.jpg Muscles of head and neck Image Gray134.png Frontal bone. Outer surface. Image Gray146.png Sphenoid bone. Anterior and inferior surfaces. Image Gray176.png Mandible. Outer surface. Side view. Image Gray177.png Mandible. Inner surface ... Category Muscles of the head and neck muscle stub ar ca M scul temporal cs Sval sp nkov de Musculus temporalis es M sculo temporal fr Muscle temporal gl M sculo temporal hr Sljepoo ni ... more details
of temporal lobe. IsPartOf Brain Components Artery Middle cerebral artery Middle cerebral and br ... Temporal Lobe MeshNumber A08.186.211.730.885.213.863 NeuroLex Temporal lobe NeuroLexID birnlex 1160 The temporal lobe is a region of the cerebral cortex that is located beneath the Sylvian fissure on both cerebral hemisphere s of the mammal ian brain . ref cite web title Temporal Lobe url http www.ruf.rice.edu ... 2011 ref The temporal lobe is involved in auditory perception and is home to the primary auditory ... vision . The temporal lobe contains the hippocampus and plays a key role in the formation of long term memory . File Temporal lobe animation small.gif thumb left Animation human left temporal lobe right side similar . The superior temporal gyrus includes an area within the Sylvian fissure where ..., posterior and lateral parts of the temporal lobes are involved in high level auditory processing. In humans this includes speech, for which the left temporal lobe in particular seems to be specialized. Wernicke s area , which spans the region between temporal and parietal lobes, plays a key role in tandem with Broca s area , which is in the frontal lobe . The functions of the left temporal ... and other language functions. The underside ventral part of the temporal cortices appear to be involved ... in object perception and recognition. The medial temporal lobes near the Sagittal plane that divides ... declarative memory . Deep inside the medial temporal lobes lie the hippocampus hippocampi , which are essential ... also Lobe anatomy Temporal lobe epilepsy References Reflist External links http www.sci.uidaho.edu med532 temporal.htm University of Idaho http www.temporal lobe.com Temporal lobe.com An interactive ... pay ca L bul temporal cs Sp nkov lalok de Temporallappen et Temporaalsagar el es L bulo temporal fa fr Lobe temporal ko nl Temporale kwab ja no Tinninglapp pl P at skroniowy pt Lobo temporal ru fi Ohimolohko sv Temporallob ... more details
Temporal power is a term of art in medieval and early modern political philosophy to refer to worldly power, as contrasted with spiritual power. The temporal power simply , the state polity or secular authority, in contrast to the Church or spiritual authority Temporal power Papal , the worldly power exercised by the Roman Pontiff, especially as he historically governed the Papal States, in contrast with his spiritual power as head of the visible Catholic Church. See also http www.newadvent.org cathen 14250c.htm State and Church disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2006 Orphan date November 2009 Wikify date January 2011 about the computer science term the biological term Reproductive isolation In computer science , temporal isolation is the capability of a set of processes running on the same node to run without interferences concerning their temporal constraints among each other. Specifically, there is temporal isolation among processes whenever the ability for each process to respect its own timing constraints e.g. terminating a computation within a deadline specified time does not depend on the temporal behavior of other unrelated processes running on the same system, thus sharing with it a set of resources such as the CPU, disk, network, etc. Operating systems able to provide such guarantees to running processes are suitable for hosting Real time computing real time applications. DEFAULTSORT Temporal Isolation Category Computing terminology Category Computer science articles needing expert attention Category Real time computing Compu sci stub ... more details
. Upper surface. gallery In other animals In evolutionary terms, the temporal bone is derived from ... in form, for example, where it forms the boundary between the two temporal fenestra e of diapsid ... XXX isbn 0 03 910284 X ref The petrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone, which derive from the periotic ... with the tympanic part of the temporal bone. ref name VB Two parts of the hyoid arch the styloid ... which represents the body of the hyoid bone. See also Ossification of temporal bone Bone Terminology Bone terminology Terms for anatomical location Temporal fenestrae Temporomandibular joint External ... ar arc ca Os temporal cs Sp nkov kost de Schl fenbein es Hueso temporal eo Temporalo fa fr Os temporal gl so temporal ko hr Sljepoo na kost it Osso temporale ... ja pl Ko skroniowa pt Osso temporal ru sk Sp nkov kos sl Sen nica sr sh Slepoo na kost fi Ohimoluu sv Tinningben th tr Temporal Kemik uk ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Temporal fascia Latin fascia temporalis GraySubject 109 GrayPage 386 Image Gray382.png Caption The Temporalis the zygomatic arch and Masseter have been removed. Image2 Gray378.png Caption2 Muscles of the head, face, and neck. Temporal fascia labeled at top center. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 02 DorlandsSuf 12476769 The temporal fascia covers the Temporalis muscle . It is a strong, fibrous investment, covered, laterally, by the Auricularis anterior and superior, by the galea aponeurotica , and by part of the Orbicularis oculi . The superficial temporal vessels and the auriculotemporal nerve cross it from below upward. Above, it is a single layer, attached to the entire extent of the superior temporal line but below, where it is fixed to the zygomatic arch , it consists of two layers, one of which is inserted into the lateral, and the other into the medial border of the arch. A small quantity of fat, the orbital branch of the superficial temporal artery , and a filament from the zygomatic branch of the maxillary nerve , are contained between these two layers. It affords attachment by its deep surface to the superficial fibers of the Temporalis. Gray s Head and neck general Category Muscles of the head and neck anatomy stub fa ru ... more details
Merge to Neural coding discuss Talk Neural coding Merger possibilities date July 2010 The temporal coding is a type of neural coding which relies on precise timing of action potential s or inter spike interval s. Combined with traditional rate coding models, temporal coding can provide additional information with the same rate. There is no precise definition of temporal code. Actually almost any coding scheme that is not rate coding can be referred to as a temporal code. Unlike rate coding, the temporal coding model tries to account for short term stimuli producing a small number of spikes. For example, if a neuron is capable of firing at a maximum rate of 100 spikes per second, then a stimulus 10ms would likely elicit only a single spike. This model is especially important for sound localization , which occurs within the brain on the order of milliseconds. The discovery of spike timing dependent plasticity , where synaptic efficacy is modulated by the precise timing of spikes, provides strong evidence that temporal codes are used for cortical information transmission. It should not be confused with the coding of the temporal information. See also Sparse coding Independent spike coding Correlation coding Population coding Neural synchronization References Vanrullen, R., Guyonneau, R., and Thorpe, S. 2005 . Spike times make sense. Trends in Neurosciences , 28 1 1 4. Rullen, R. V. and Thorpe, S. J. 2001 . Rate Coding Versus Temporal Order Coding What the Retinal Ganglion Cells Tell the Visual Cortex. Neural Computation , 13 6 1255 1283. Dayan P, Abbott LF. Theoretical Neuroscience Computational and Mathematical Modeling of Neural Systems . Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press 2001. ISBN 0 262 04199 5 Rieke F, Warland D, de Ruyter van Steveninck R, Bialek W. Spikes Exploring the Neural Code . Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press 1999. ISBN 0 262 68108 0 Theunissen F, Miller JP. Temporal Encoding in Nervous Systems A Rigorous Definition . Journal of Computational Neuroscience ... more details
Temporal Analyst is an extension of ArcMap ESRI for storage, management, processing, plotting and analysis of virtually any time releated data inside ArcGIS sup TM sup application and was developed by DHI Water.Environment.Health . Temporal Analyst tool for GIS brings time series data management directly into ArcGIS sup TM sup and provides fully dynamic data handling, modeling and monitoring. Applications Temporal Analyst can be used for storage, management and n of temporal data in a spatial context, multi disciplinary data analyses and processing hydrology, ecology, health, etc , and maps and reports of time series statistics and properties. External links http www.dhigroup.com DHI Water.Environment.Health Category Hydrology models Category Hydraulic engineering Category Environmental engineering Category Physical geography ... more details
Refimprove date September 2010 Temporal parts are a concept used in contemporary metaphysics in the debate ... have temporal parts as well. A temporal part would thus be something like the first year of a person ..., 1996 . Originally it was argued that those who believe in temporal parts believe in perdurantism , that persisting objects are wholes composed entirely of temporal parts. This view was contrasted with endurantism ... temporal parts at different times . This claim is still commonplace, but philosophers like Ted Sider believe that even endurantists should accept temporal parts. Definition Not everyone was happy with the definition ... by analogy they still had no real idea what a temporal part was meant to be 1981 133 , whilst others have felt that whether temporal parts existed or not is merely a verbal dispute Eli Hirsch ... 1998 256 . The early attempts included identifying temporal parts with ordered pairs of times and objects, but it seems relatively unproblematic that temporal parts exist given the definition and ordered ... objects with events, and as events having temporal parts was not problematic for example, the first and second halves of a football match , it was imagined that persisting objects could have temporal ..., the earliest was Thomson blockquote x is a cross sectional temporal part of y small df small T y ... who could not understand what a temporal part is by defining it in terms of part at a time or parthood ... definition, which is widely used blockquote x is an instantaneous temporal part of y at instant ... x is an instantaneous temporal part of y small df small i x is a part of y ii x overlaps every ... region gives the following blockquote x is a temporal part of y throughout T small df small i x exists ... from temporary intrinsics Temporal parts are sometimes used to account for change. The problem of change ... changes from having long hair to short hair, then the temporal parts theorist can say that change is the difference between the temporal parts of a temporally extended object the person . So, the person ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2007 Merge to Auditory masking date September 2010 Temporal masking or non simultaneous masking occurs when a sudden stimulus sound makes loudness inaudible other sounds which are present immediately preceding or following the stimulus. Masking which obscures a sound immediately preceding the masker is called backward masking or pre masking and masking which obscures a sound immediately following the masker is called forward masking or post masking . Temporal masking s effectiveness attenuates exponentially from the onset and offset of the masker, with the onset attenuation lasting approximately 20 ms and the offset attenuation lasting approximately 100 ms. Similar to simultaneous masking , temporal masking reveals the frequency analysis performed by the auditory system forward masking thresholds for complex harmonic tones e.g., a sawtooth probe with a fundamental frequency of 500 Hz exhibit threshold peaks i.e., high masking levels for frequency bands centered on the first several harmonics. In fact, auditory bandwidths measured from forward masking thresholds are narrower and more accurate than those measured using simultaneous masking. Temporal masking should not be confused with the ear ear s acoustic reflex , an involuntary response in the middle ear that is activated to protect the ear s delicate structures from loud sound s. See also Simultaneous masking Spectral masking References http www.roger russell.com columns combfilter2.htm External links http www.soundonsound.com sos aug98 articles datacompression.html http www.minidisc.org aes atrac.html http www.stonebridgemastering.com blog ?p 177 Temporal Masking by Stonebridge Mastering DEFAULTSORT Temporal Masking Category Hearing Category Acoustics ca Emmascarament temporal es Enmascaramiento temporal ja ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Temporal line Latin linea temporalis GraySubject 32 GrayPage 134 Image Gray132.png Caption Left parietal bone . Outer surface. Image2 Gray188 Coronal suture.png Caption2 Side view of the skull. Temporal lines are slightly above tip of arrow. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 10 DorlandsSuf 12495892 Crossing the middle of the parietal bone in an arched direction are two curved lines, the superior and inferior temporal lines the former gives attachment to the temporal fascia , and the latter indicates the upper limit of the muscular origin of the Temporalis . See also Temporal fossa Additional images gallery Image Gray134.png Frontal bone. Outer surface. Image Gray1193.svg Side view of head, showing surface relations of bones. gallery External links http face and emotion.com dataface anatomy media Morris skull lateralview.jpg 17 and 18 source http face and emotion.com dataface anatomy skullviews.jsp here RocheLexicon 34256.000 2 Gray s Skull Category Bones of the head and neck musculoskeletal stub sv Linea temporalis th ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 This article is about the secular members of the British House of Lords . For the fictional lords of time, see Time Lord s. PoliticsUK In the Parliament of the United Kingdom , the Lords Temporal are secular members of the House of Lords . The term is used to differentiate lords&mdash who are either life peer s or hereditary peer s, although the hereditary rights to the House of Lords was abolished in 1999&mdash from the Lords Spiritual , who sit in the House as bishop s in the Church of England . Before the recent reform of the House of Lords , all Peerage peer s were potentially members of the House of Lords, and all were Lords Temporal in this sense. The ongoing reforms limit membership in the Lords to life peers and a number of elected hereditary peers. Category House of Lords Category United Kingdom constitution UK gov stub he hu Lord Temporal ... more details
Temporal resolution refers to the Accuracy and precision precision of a measurement with respect to time . Often there is a tradeoff between temporal resolution of a measurement and its angular resolution spatial resolution . This trade off can be attributed to the finite speed of light and the fact that it takes a certain period of time for the photons carrying information to reach the observer. In this time, the system might have undergone changes itself. Thus, the longer the light has to travel the lower is the temporal resolution. This reasoning is subject to contention however, challenged by the teaser posed in the first few chapters of Stephen Hawking Stephen Hawking s book A Brief History of Time . Using the Newton concept, gravitational effects do not seem to be subject to this time delay. The discovery of gravitational wave s could, however, throw more light on this concept. measurement stub Category Measurement fa ja ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Wikify date December 2009 Temporal multithreading is one of the two main forms of multithreading that can be implemented on computer processor hardware, the other form being simultaneous multithreading . The distinguishing difference between the two forms is the maximum number of concurrent threads that can execute in any given pipeline stage in a given cycle. In Temporal multithreading the number is one, while in simultaneous multithreading the number is larger than one. Within Temporal multithreading, there are many possible variations, but most can be classified into two sub forms coarse grain and fine grain. In coarse grain Temporal multithreading, the main processor pipeline contains only one thread at a time. The processor must effectively perform a albeit fast context switch before executing a different thread. This fast context switch is sometimes referred to as a thread switch . There may or may not be additional penalty cycles when switching. There are many possible variations with coarse grain Temporal multithreading, mainly having to do with the algorithm that determines when to switch threads. This algorithm may be based on cycle counts, events such as cache misses, fairness, and many other factors. In fine grain Temporal multithreading, the main processor pipeline may contain multiple threads, with context switch es effectively occurring between pipe stages e.g. in the barrel processor . This form of multithreading can be more expensive than the coarse grain forms because execution resources that span multiple pipe stages may have to deal with multiple threads. It can also be more expensive because the design cannot be optimized around the concept of a background thread any of the concurrent threads implemented by the hardware might require its state to be read or written on any cycle. In any of its forms, Temporal multithreading ... a given thread can be scheduled to execute on DEFAULTSORT Temporal Multithreading Category Flynn s Taxonomy ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The temporal case list of glossing abbreviations abbreviated sc temp in Morphology linguistics morphology is used to indicate a time. In Hungarian language its suffix is kor . For example h tkor at seven or h t rakor at seven o clock , jf lkor at midnight , kar csonykor at Christmas . This is one of the few suffixes in Hungarian to which rules of vowel harmony do not apply. Grammatical cases DEFAULTSORT Temporal Case Category Grammatical cases Ling morph stub br Troad amzeria mk nl Temporalis ja fi Temporaali ... more details
The temporal mean is the arithmetic mean of a time series series of values over a time period . Assuming equidistant measuring or sampling times, it can be computed as the sum of the values over a period divided by the number of values. A simple moving average can be considered to be a sequence of temporal means over periods of equal duration. If the time variable is continuous function continuous , the average value during the time period is the integral over the period divided by the length of the duration of the period. ref citebook title Introduction to Chemical Transport in the Environment author John S. Gulliver year 2007 publisher Cambridge University Press id ISBN 052185850X ref See also Moving average References refs Category Means ... more details
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