potential. Wiktionarypar vectorVector may refer to TOCright In mathematics and physics see Vector mathematics and physics In computer science A one dimensional Array data structure array Vector C , a data type in the C Standard Template Library Vector clock , an algorithm for generating a partial ordering of events in a distributed system and detecting causality violations Vector malware , methods used by computer viruses and malware to propagate themselves Distance vector routing protocol ... vector , a data structure used to store information about an array Feature vector , in pattern recognition and machine learning, an n dimensional vector of numerical features that represent some object Initialization vector , used in cryptography Interrupt vector , the location in memory of an interrupt handling routine Vector game , refers to any video game that uses a vector graphics display Vector monitor , a display device used for early computers Vector processor , a computer processor which works on arrays of several numbers at once Vector graphics , images defined by geometric primitives as opposed to bitmaps Scalable Vector Graphics , a family of specifications of XML based file format for describing two dimensional vector graphics Vector graphics editor , computer program that allows users to compose and edit vector graphics Vector Markup Language , an XML language used to produce vector graphics Vector Architect , a vector graphics editor designed by Owl Island Software Support vector machine , in machine learning, a supervised learning method used for classification and regression Vector space model , an algebraic model for representing objects as vectors of identifiers Vector 06C , a computer developed in the USSR In biology see Vector biology In business Vector Engineering ..., and geotechnical and geological engineering Vector Limited , a New Zealand gas and electricity supplier Vector Marketing , marketing arm of Alcas Corporation Vector Motors , an automobile manufacturer ... more details
Other uses Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The Vector was an automobile prototype built by Vehicle Design Force of California. The non running concept was shown at the 1972 Los Angeles Auto Show. Gerald Wiegert , the car s designer, said that it would be powered by a DOHC Porsche engine and would be sold for 10,000. By 1980, the car had evolved into the running Vector W2 prototype. Category Vector Motors Classicpow auto stub ... more details
The Vector can refer to The Vector an Exotic show car produced by Jerry Wiegert . New Jersey Institute of Technology Vector The Vector , the student newspaper of the New Jersey Institute of Technology . disambig ... more details
In mathematics and physics , k vector may refer to The wave vector k Crystal momentum a multivector , also called a p vector, which are dual to differential k form p forms An element of a k dimensional vector space, especially a four vector is used in theory of relativity relativity to mean a quantity related to the four dimensional spacetime , and in analogy, the term three vector is sometimes used as a synonym for a spatial vector geometry vector in three dimensions. disambig ... more details
Smooth vector may refer to Smooth vector for a strongly continuous group action, see group action Smooth vector field on a differentiable manifold, see the tangent space . mathdab ... more details
Other uses Null disambiguation unreferenced date June 2009 In linear algebra , the null vector or zero vector or empty vector is the vector geometric vector 0, 0, , 0 in Euclidean space , all of whose ... or simply 0. A zero vector has arbitrary direction, but is orthogonal ie perpendicular, normal to all other vectors with the same number of components. A different kind of vector, also called null vector or zero vector, arises in various generalizations of Euclidean space, as explained below. Since ... programming, many programmers prefer the term zero vector to avoid confusion. For example, the statement ... programmers, as opposed to if MyVector is a null zero vector . Linear algebra For a general vector space , the zero vector or null vector or empty vector is the uniquely determined vector that is the identity element for vector addition . The zero vector is unique if a and b are zero vectors, then a a b b . The zero vector is a special case of the zero tensor . It is the result of scalar multiplication by the scalar 0. The preimage of the zero vector under a linear transformation f is called kernel algebra kernel or null space . A zero space is a linear space whose only element is a zero vector. The zero vector is, by itself, linear independence linearly dependent , and so any set of vectors which includes it is also linearly dependent. In a Norm mathematics normed vector space there is only one vector of norm equal to 0. This is just the zero vector. In vector algebra its coordinates are 0,0 and its unit vector is n Seminormed vector spaces In a Norm mathematics seminormed vector space there might be more than one vector of norm equal to 0. These vectors are often called null vectors ..., the coordinate representation of a null vector in Minkowski space contains non zero values. In the Verma ... Vectors be x old ca Vector nul da Nulvektor de Nullvektor et Nullvektor es Vector ... Wektor zerowy pt Vector nulo ru sl Ni elni vektor fi Nollavektori sv Nollvektor th ... more details
A sparse vector is a Euclidean vectorvector whose elements are mostly zeros. Mathematically, a sparse vector has a low L0 norm Zero norm . See also Sparse matrix Norm mathematics Compressed sensing Category Vectors math stub pl Wektor rzadki ... more details
In biology, the term vector may be used in different contexts Vector epidemiology , an organism, often an invertebrate arthropod, that transmits a pathogen from reservoir to host Vector molecular biology , vehicle used to transfer genetic material to a target cell, such as Plasmid Vectors Plasmid vector Binary vector , a cloning vector used to generate transgenic plants Cloning vector Expression vector , a plasmid specifically used for protein expression in the target Shuttle vector , a vector usually a plasmid constructed so that it can propagate in two different host species Viral vector , a virus modified to deliver foreign genetic material into a cell Dispersal vector , an organism that carries and disperses reproductive structures e.g., seeds, spores, or pollen of a different species. Pollinator , the biotic agent vector that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization See also Vector for non biological uses of the term disambig bg es vector pl Wektor ujednoznacznienie fi Vektori biologia uk ... more details
orphan date April 2010 Unreliable sources date May 2010 Vector packs are a set or collection of vector shapes usually with the same theme like floral, wings, skulls, nature or heraldry . They are used by designers to ease the design flow and creativity also increase the speed of creating a design. Vector packs sets are used both by beginners and professional designers in their works. Vector packs are not software or Plug in computing plugins , you don t need to install them, they just need to be open with a software like Adobe Illustrator . It s not recommended to open them with Adobe Photoshop because that s a raster program and you will not be able to scale the elements and it will turn them in bitmap . References Vector graphics on Wikipedia http www.designioustimes.com illustrator why use vector packs to design.html Why use vector packs to design? from the Designenoustimes blog http www.freevector.com Free vector packs Categories DEFAULTSORT Vector Packs Category Vector graphics Category Graphic design ... more details
about the general concept in the mathematical theory of vector fields the vector potential in electromagnetism Magnetic vector potential the vector potential in fluid mechanics Stream function In vector calculus , a vector potential is a vector field whose Curl mathematics curl is a given vector field. This is analogous to a scalar potential , which is a scalar field whose negative gradient is a given vector field. Formally, given a vector field v , a vector potential is a vector field A such that math mathbf v nabla times mathbf A . math If a vector field v admits a vector potential A , then from the equality math nabla cdot nabla times mathbf A 0 math divergence of the Curl mathematics curl is zero one obtains math nabla cdot mathbf v nabla cdot nabla times mathbf A 0, math which implies that v must be a solenoidal vector field . An interesting question is then if any solenoidal vector field admits a vector potential. The answer is affirmative, if the vector field satisfies certain conditions. Theorem Let math mathbf v mathbb R 3 to mathbb R 3 math be a solenoidal vector field which is twice smooth function continuously differentiable . Assume that v x decreases sufficiently fast as x . Define math mathbf A mathbf x frac 1 4 pi nabla times int mathbb R 3 frac mathbf v mathbf y left mathbf x mathbf y right , d mathbf y . math Then, A is a vector potential for v , that is, math ... which states that any vector field can be decomposed as a sum of a solenoidal vector field and an irrotational vector field . Nonuniqueness The vector potential admitted by a solenoidal field is not unique. If A is a vector potential for v , then so is math mathbf A nabla m math where m is any continuously ... freedom, and requires Gauge fixing choosing a gauge . See also Fundamental theorem of vector analysis .... Cheng, Addison Wesley, 1993. Category Fundamental physics concepts Category Potential Category Vector calculus ca Potencial vectorial de Vektorpotential es Potencial vector magn tico it Potenziale vettore ... more details
Vector is a breakfast cereal manufacturing manufactured by Kellogg s Kellogg s Canada . It is advertised for its healthier ingredients over other cereal brands, especially in the area of sports. Kellogg s uses the term meal replacement instead of breakfast cereal for this product, but it is still classified as such. External links http www.kelloggs.ca cgi bin klog canada product.pl?family 125&template vector Kellogg Canada Inc. Products Vector http www.facebook.com vector Kellogg s Vector Facebook Page Kellogg s Category Kellogg Company cereals food product stub ... more details
The innovations vector or residual vector is the difference between the measurement vector and the predicted measurement vector. Each difference represents the deviation of the observed random variable from the predicted response. The innovation vector is often used to check the validity of a mathematical model model . See also Errors and residuals in statistics Innovation signal processing Category Time series analysis Category Error Category Statistical terminology statistics stub ... more details
A tangent vector is a Vector geometry vector tangent to a curve or surface at a given point. Differential geometry of curves , description in the context of curves in R sup n sup . Tangent space , a general notion in the theory of manifold s. mathdab ru sv Tangentvektor ... more details
In graphics design, a Vector path is a drawn or generated outline that represents a series of smooth straight vector lines instead of raster graphics raster dots or bitmap dots . Therefore, the paths are independent of resolution. Compu graphics stub Category Vector graphics ... more details
An interrupt vector is the memory address of an interrupt handler , or an index into an array called an interrupt vector table or dispatch table . Interrupt vector tables contain the memory addresses of interrupt handlers. When an interrupt is generated, the processor saves its execution state via a context switch , and begins execution of the interrupt handler at the interrupt vector. See also Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APIC Programmable Interrupt Controller PIC Inter processor interrupt IPI Interrupt Interrupt handler Interrupt latency Non maskable interrupt NMI External links http www.webopedia.com TERM I interrupt vector table.html Webopedia definition of interrupt vector table Category Interrupts compu stub cs Vektor p eru en de Interruptvektor es Vector de interrupciones fr Vecteur d interruption ko it Interrupt vector pt Vetor de interrup es zh ... more details
A vector operator is a differential operator used in vector calculus . Vector operators are defined in terms of del , and include the gradient , divergence , and Curl mathematics curl math operatorname grad equiv nabla math math operatorname div equiv nabla cdot math math operatorname curl equiv nabla times math The Laplacian is math nabla 2 equiv operatorname div operatorname grad equiv nabla cdot nabla math Vector operators must always come right before the scalar field or vector field on which they operate, in order to produce a result. E.g. math nabla f math yields the gradient of f , but math f nabla math is just another vector operator, which is not operating on anything. A vector operator can operate on another vector operator, to produce a compound vector operator, as seen above in the case of the Laplacian. See also del D Alembertian operator Further reading H. M. Schey 1996 Div, Grad, Curl, and All That An Informal Text on Vector Calculus , ISBN 0 393 96997 5. Category Vector calculus ca Operador vectorial ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Vector decomposition refers to decomposing a Vector geometric vector of R sup n sup into several vectors, each linearly independent in mutually distinct directions in the n dimensional space . Vector decomposition in two dimensions In two dimensions, a vector can be decomposed in many ways. In the Cartesian coordinate system , the vector is decomposed into a portion along the math hat x math or math hat i math and the math hat y math or math hat j math directions. One of the most common situations is when given a vector with magnitude and direction or given in polar coordinate system polar form , it can be converted into the Vector geometric Addition and subtraction sum of two perpendicular vectors or converted to a Cartesian coordinate . Application in physics Vector decomposition is used in physics to help adding vectors and hence solve many mechanical problems involving force , work physics work , momentum , etc. See also coordinate system Helmholtz decomposition decomposition of a vector field DEFAULTSORT Vector Decomposition Category Introductory physics Phys stub ... more details
Stochastic vector redirects here. For the concept of a random vector, see Multivariate random variable . Unreferenced date December 2009 In mathematics and statistics , a probability vector or stochastic vector is a vector space vector with non negative entries that add up to one. The positions indices of a probability vector represent the possible outcomes of a discrete random variable , and the vector gives us the probability mass function of that random variable, which is the standard way of characterizing a discrete probability distribution . Here are some examples of probability vectors math x 0 begin bmatrix 0.5 0.25 0.25 end bmatrix , x 1 begin bmatrix 0 1 0 end bmatrix , x 2 begin bmatrix 0.65 0.35 end bmatrix , x 3 begin bmatrix 0.3 0.5 0.07 0.1 0.03 end bmatrix . math Writing out the vector components of a vector math p math as math p begin bmatrix p 1 p 2 vdots p n end bmatrix math the vector components must sum to one math sum i 1 n p i 1 math One also has the requirement that each individual component must have a probability between zero and one math 0 le p i le 1 math for all ... A stochastic vector is a point on the far face of a standard orthogonal simplex . That is, a stochastic vector uniquely identifies a point on the face opposite of the orthogonal corner of the standard ... vector is math 1 n math . The shortest probability vector has the value math 1 n math as each component of the vector, and has a length of math 1 sqrt n math . The longest probability vector has the value 1 in a single component and 0 in all others, and has a length of 1. The shortest vector corresponds to maximum uncertainty, the longest to maximum certainty. No two probability vectors ... of a probability vector is equal to math sqrt n sigma 2 1 n math where math sigma 2 math is the variance of the elements of the probability vector. See also Stochastic matrix DEFAULTSORT Probability Vector Category Probability theory Category Vectors sl Verjetnostni vektor sr ... more details
In astrodynamics , the eccentricity vector of a Kepler orbit is the vector geometric vector pointing towards the periapsis having a magnitude equal to the orbit s scalar eccentricity orbit eccentricity . The magnitude is unitless . For Kepler orbits the eccentricity vector is a constant of motion. Its main use is for almost circular orbits as perturbing non Keplarian forces on an actual orbit will cause the Osculating orbit osculating eccentricity vector to change continuously as opposed to the parameters eccentricity and argument of perigee for which eccentricity zero circular orbit corresponds to a singularity. See the article Kepler orbit Calculation The eccentricity vector math mathbf e , math can be calculated ref The Kepler Problem , By Bruno Cordani, page 22, Birkhaeuser 2003 , ISBN 3 7643 6902 7 ref math mathbf e mathbf v times mathbf h over mu mathbf r over left mathbf r right math where math mathbf v , math is orbital velocity vector , math mathbf h , math is orbital angular momentum vector , math mathbf r , math is orbital position vector , math mu , math is standard gravitational parameter . or equivalently from the orbital state vectors by math mathbf e mathbf left v right 2 mathbf r over mu mathbf r cdot mathbf v mathbf v over mu mathbf r over left mathbf r right math where math mathbf v , math is orbital state vectors Velocity vector velocity vector of the orbital state vectors , math mathbf r , math is orbital state vectors Position vector position vector of the orbital state vectors, math mu , math is standard gravitational parameter . See also Kepler orbit Orbit Eccentricity orbit Eccentricity Laplace Runge Lenz vector References Reflist 2 DEFAULTSORT Eccentricity Vector Category Astrodynamics Category Celestial mechanics Category Vectors es Vector Excentricidad it Vettore eccentricit he ru zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Context date October 2009 Hybrid vectors are Vector molecular biology vector virus es that are genetically engineered to have qualities of more than one vector. DEFAULTSORT Hybrid Vector Category Viruses Category Molecular biology Biotech stub Virus stub ... more details
In mathematics, vector algebra may mean Linear algebra , specifically the basic algebraic operations of vector addition and scalar multiplication see vector space . The algebraic operations in vector calculus , namely the specific additional structure of vectors in 3 dimensional Euclidean space math mathbf R 3 math of dot product and especially cross product . In this sense, vector algebra is contrasted with geometric algebra , which provides an alternative generalization to higher dimensions. Original vector algebras of the nineteenth century like quaternion s, tessarine s, or coquaternion s, each of which has its own product mathematics product . The vector algebras biquaternion s and hyperbolic quaternion s enabled the revolution in physics called special relativity by providing mathematical models. disambig ... more details
A state vector in general control systems describes the Observation observed states of an object in state space , e.g. in variables of the degrees of freedom for motion i.e. translatory variables distance, velocity and acceleration for location and orientation geometry orientation in e.g. any right handed system of coordinates . A Quantum state quantum state vector fully specifies any Quantum mechanics quantum mechanical state in which a Quantum mechanics quantum mechanical system can be. A state vector geographical geographical state vector specifies the position vector position and velocity of an object in any location on Earth s surface or beyond in interstellar medium interstellar space . disambig ... more details
calculus cTopic Vector calculus Vector calculus or vector analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with derivative differentiation and integral integration of vector field s, primarily in 3 dimensional Euclidean space math mathbf R 3. math The term vector calculus is sometimes used as a synonym for the broader subject of multivariable calculus , which includes vector calculus as well as partial derivative partial differentiation and multiple integral multiple integration . Vector calculus plays ... field s, gravitational field s and fluid flow . Vector calculus was developed from quaternion analysis ... and terminology was established by Gibbs and Edwin Bidwell Wilson in their 1901 book, Vector Analysis . In the traditional form using cross products, vector calculus does not generalize to higher ... generalize, as Generalizations discussed below . Basic objects The basic objects in vector calculus are scalar field s scalar valued functions and vector field s vector valued functions . These are then combined ... further distinguishes pseudovector fields and pseudoscalar fields, which are identical to vector ..., the curl of a vector field is a pseudovector field, and if one reflects a vector field, the curl points ... below. Vector operations Algebraic operations The basic algebraic non differential operations in vector calculus are referred to as vector algebra , being defined for a vector space and then globally applied to a vector field, and consist of scalar multiplication multiplication of a scalar field and a vector field, yielding a vector field math a bold v math vector addition addition of two vector fields, yielding a vector field math bold v 1 bold v 2 math dot product multiplication of two vector fields, yielding a scalar field math bold v 1 cdot bold v 2 math cross product multiplication of two vector fields, yielding a vector field math bold v 1 times bold v 2 math . There are also two triple product s the scalar triple product and the vector triple product , but these are less ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 In particle physics , a vector boson is a boson with the spin physics spin quantum number equal to 1. The vector bosons considered to be elementary particle s in the Standard Model are the gauge boson s or, the force carrier s of fundamental interaction s the photon of electromagnetism , the W and Z bosons of the weak interaction , and the gluon of the strong interaction . There also exist composite particle s that are vector bosons, such as the vector meson s, made of a quark and antiquark . For some time, through the 1970s and 80s, intermediate vector bosons , vector bosons of intermediate mass, was a major topic in high energy physics . Citation needed date January 2009 Explanation The name vector boson arises from quantum field theory . The vector component component of such a particle s spin along any axis has the three eigenvalue s , 0, and where is the reduced Planck constant , meaning that any measurement of it can only yield one of these values. This is, at least, true for massive vector bosons the situation is a bit different for massless particles such as the photon, for reasons beyond the scope of this article. ref Weingard, Robert. http bjps.oxfordjournals.org content 40 2 287.full.pdf Some Comments Regarding Spin and Relativity ref The space of spin states therefore has three Degrees of freedom physics and chemistry degrees of freedom , the same as the number of components of a vector physics vector in three dimensional space. Quantum superposition s of these states can be taken such that they transform under rotation s just like the spatial components of a rotating vector. If the vector boson is taken to be the quantum of a field, the field is a vector field , hence the name. Notes Reflist See also Pseudovector meson Scalar boson DEFAULTSORT Vector Boson Category Bosons Category Mesons Category Quantum field theory Particle stub es Bos n vectorial it Bosone vettore nl Vectorboson ru ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Infobox automobile boxcolor darkgreen name Vector W2 image File VectorW2silver.jpg 250px manufacturer Vector Motors production 1980 successor Vector W8 class Sports car prototype body style 2 door coupe layout Rear engine, rear wheel drive engine 350cid Chevrolet Small Block engine Chevrolet V8 twin turbo The Vector W2 is a concept car created by Vector Motors in 1980. It has a twin turbocharged 350 cubic inch displacement cid 5.7 L Chevrolet V8 engine that produces over 600 hp 450 kW and over 600 ft lbf 800 N m of torque. The top speed was a claimed 200 mph 320 km h . The name supposedly comes from the W for Jerry Wiegert designer and founder of Vector and 2 for the number of turbos. Even though this car was a prototype , the car was repainted and facelifted over time giving the impression that many were made. Between 1982 and 1987, Wiegert attempted to raise the money to start production of his car. In its lifetime, the car has covered over Convert 100000 mi km in testing, more than any other concept car . In 1989, a modified version of the W2 went in production as the Vector W8 . Currently, the Vector W2 prototype is owned by Wiegert. The car is currently dismantled, and stored alongside other Vector equipment in the current Vector headquarters in Wilmington, California. Notes A Vector W2 was used in the Remington Steele episode License to Steele portrayed as the product of a fictional car company, it was called the Hunter Jet Star 6000. ref imdb episode 0684855 License to Steele ref References Reflist Category Concept automobiles Category Vector Motors Category Vehicles introduced in 1980 Modern auto stub fa Vector W it Vector W2 pl Vector W2 ... more details
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