The SingleUNIXSpecification SUS is the collective name of a family of standards for computer operating ... in the wake of the Unix wars . This specification became more popular because it was available at no cost, whereas the IEEE charged a substantial fee for access to the POSIX specification. 1997 SingleUNIXSpecification version 2 In 1997, the Open Group released the SingleUNIXSpecification Version ... pr.html title The Open Group Announces Enhanced SingleUNIXSpecification accessdate 2009 07 26 ... brand http www.opengroup.org openbrand register xxm0.htm . 2001 POSIX 2001, SingleUNIXSpecification ... standard that would be known as the SingleUNIXSpecification Version 3 and as POSIX 2001 ... and the SingleUNIXSpecification accessdate 2009 07 26 date January 30, 2002 publisher The Open ... Group accessdate 2009 07 26 publisher The Open Group ref This is the core of the SingleUNIXSpecification, Version 4 ref http www.unix.org version4 SingleUNIXSpecification Version 4 ref This standard ... on, and also extends in several areas, the POSIX specifications, the SingleUNIXSpecification ... what is unixsingleunix specification.html The SingleUNIXSpecificationSingleUNIX Specifications http www.opengroup.org onlinepubs 7990989775 Text of the SingleUNIXSpecification, version 2 http www.opengroup.org onlinepubs 009695399 Text of the SingleUNIXSpecification, version 3 ... SingleUnixSpecification Category POSIX Category IEEE standards ar cs SingleUNIXSpecification de SingleUnixSpecification es SingleUnixSpecification fr SingleUNIXSpecification ko it SingleUNIXSpecification ja SingleUNIXSpecification pl SingleUNIXSpecification pt SingleUNIXSpecification ru SingleUNIXSpecification sk SingleUNIXSpecification zh ... source code derived in any way from AT&T Unix to meet the specification. For instance, IBM OS 390 , now ... www.linuxfoundation.org lsb cert productdir.php ref See also Unix wars Functional specification Manual ... more details
system, notably the post 1998 SingleUNIXSpecification . In 1995, the business of administering and supporting ... the SingleUNIXSpecification administered by The Open Group . Starting in 1998 the Open Group and IEEE started the Austin Group , to provide a common definition of POSIX and the SingleUNIXSpecification ... to the SingleUNIXSpecification qualify as UNIX others are called Unix system like or Unix ... Group s SingleUNIXSpecification should be able to bear the UNIX 98 or UNIX 03 trademarks today, after ... with the goal of creating an open system specification based on UNIX. Despite early progress ... groups. The most successful Unix related standard turned out to be the IEEE s POSIX specification ...Infobox OS name Unix logo screenshot Image Unix history simple.svg 250px caption Evolution of Unix and Unix ... source software closed source , now some Unix projects Berkeley Software Distribution BSD family ... & Graphical user interface Graphical X Window System family Unix released 1969 programmed in C programming ... Proprietary software Proprietary working state Active Unix officially trademarked as UNIX , sometimes also written as span style font variant small caps Unix span is a Computer multitasking multitasking ... , Dennis Ritchie , Brian Kernighan , Douglas McIlroy , and Joe Ossanna . The Unix operating system ... to other hardware. Today s Unix systems are split into various branches, developed over time by AT&T ... consortium, owns the UNIX trademark. Only systems fully compliant with and certified according to the SingleUNIXSpecification are qualified to use the trademark others might be called Unix system like or Unix like though the Open Group disapproves of this term . ref http www.unix.org questions answers faq.html 7a Unix.org ref However, the term Unix is often used informally to denote any ..., the influence of Unix in academic circles led to large scale adoption of Unix particularly of the Berkeley ... operating system AIX . Today, in addition to certified Unix systems such as those already mentioned ... more details
Other uses AT disambiguation lowercase In Unix like computer operating system s, the code at code command is used to schedule command computing command s to be executed once, at a particular system time time in the future. More precisely, it reads a series of commands from standard input and collects them into one at job which is carried out at a later date. The at job inherits the current environment, so that it is executed in the same working directory and with the same environment variable s set as when it was scheduled. It differs from code cron code which is used for recurring executions e.g. once an hour, every Tuesday, January 1 every year . As with code cron code , many Unix systems allow the administrator to restrict access to the code at code command. code at code can be made to mail a user when done carrying out a scheduled job of theirs, can use more than one job queue, and can read a list of jobs to carry out from a file instead of standard input. A sample command to compile a C programming language C program at 11 45 a. m. on January 31 sup st sup and e mail the results Standard streams STDOUT and STDERR to your user ID would be source lang bash echo cc o foo foo.c at 1145 at 1145 jan 31 at cc o foo foo.c at D press Control D while at the beginning of a line source In some Unix like computer operating system s it uses a Daemon computer software daemon , code atd code , which waits in the background periodically checking the list of jobs to do and executing those ... of Unix programs External links man cu at SUS execute commands at a later time man 1 at queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution unix commands unix stub Category Standard Unix programs At Category Unix SUS2008 utilities Category Unix process and task management related software ca At Unix cs At Unix de At Unix el At Unix es At Unix fr At Unix it At Unix hu At Unix ja At UNIX pl At Unix pt At Unix ro At Unix ru At uk At ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Expert subject Telecommunications date November 2008 infobox software name As latest release version latest release date platform website as is a generic name for an assembly language Assembler assembler on Unix . The GNU Project s assembler is named GNU assembler Gas . Category Assemblers Category Unix programming tools Unix stub ru As ... more details
as defined in the functional specification. Types of software development specifications Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture Bit specification Design specification Diagnostic design specification Multiboot Specification Product design specification Real time specification for Java Software Requirements Specification See also Benchmarking Benchmark specification Extensible Firmware Interface Software development process Specification technical standard SingleUNIXSpecification Verification ...Refimprove date October 2008 Image Specification and Levels of Development.jpg thumb 360px Systems engineering model of Specification and Levels of Development. During system development a series of specifications ... A functional specification also, functional spec , specs , functional specifications document FSD , or Program specification in systems engineering and software development is the documentation that describes ... system . Overview In systems engineering a specification is a document that clearly and accurately ... engineering functional specification does not define the inner workings of the proposed system it does not include the specification how the system function will be implemented. Instead, it focuses on what ... might observe when interacting with the system. A typical functional specification might state ... be considered as a blueprint or user manual from a developer point of view, or Formal specification ... that must remain stable. Functional specification topics Purpose There are many purposes for functional ... In the ordered industrial software engineering life cycle waterfall model , functional specification describes what has to be implemented. The next system specification document describes how ... analysis . When the team agrees that functional specification consensus is reached, the functional ... and testing team write source code and test cases using the functional specification as the reference ... Functional Specification Category Software engineering Category Systems engineering Category ... more details
The Multiboot Specification is an open standard originally created in 1995 and developed by the Free Software Foundation . The specification describes a method of loading various multiboot Kernel computer science kernels using a single compliant boot loader . GNU Hurd , VMware , Xen , and L4 microkernel family L4 microkernels all need to be Booting booted using this method. GNU GRUB is the reference implementation used in the GNU operating system . The latest version is 0.6.96. See also Multi boot Functional specification External links http www.gnu.org software grub manual multiboot multiboot.html Multiboot specification http www.osdcom.info content view 33 39 Writing a Multiboot compliant kernel http www.gnu.org software grub GRUB Home page http www.onlamp.com pub a bsd 2007 03 01 inside multiboot.html Article Making NetBSD Multiboot compatible http mail index.netbsd.org source changes 2006 10 25 0015.html A post committing implementation of Multiboot in NetBSD i386 4.x 10 2006 http julipedia.blogspot.com 2006 10 improved multiboot support in.html More information about Multiboot in NetBSD http grub.enbug.org MultibootSystems GrubWiki list of operating systems known to support Multiboot http kb.vmware.com selfservice microsites search.do?language en US&cmd displayKC&externalId 1008971 Booting VMware via PXELINUX with Multiboot standard stub Category Booting Category Computer standards ru Multiboot Specification pt Multiboot Specification ... more details
Requirements specification in systems engineering and software engineering is the direct result of a requirement analysis and can refer to Software Requirements Specification Hardware Requirements Specification or both. See also Specification technical standard Formal specification disambiguation ... more details
wiktionary specificationSpecification may refer to several different concepts Specification technical standard , an explicit set of requirements Specification legal concept , from Roman Law Specification regression , the practice of translating theory into a model for regression analysis Specification language , for describing a computer software design at a high level Regional specification , identifying different areas of the early embryo in biology Patent application Patent specification Patent specification , part of a patent application disambig ... more details
File Agendacumple en Z.jpg thumb upright An example formal specification using the Z notation . In computer science , a formal specification is a mathematics mathematical description of software or hardware that may be used to develop an implementation . It describes what the system should do, not necessarily how the system should do it. Given such a specification , it is possible to use formal verification techniques to demonstrate that a candidate system design is correct with respect to the specification ... provably correct Program refinement refinement steps to transform a specification into a design, and ultimately ... cannot ever be declared correct in isolation, but only correct with respect to a given specification . Whether the formal specification correctly describes the problem to be solved is a separate ... a specification by proving challenge theorem s concerning properties that the specification is expected to exhibit. If correct, these theorems reinforce the specifier s understanding of the specification and its relationship with the underlying problem domain. If not, the specification probably needs ... the specification. The Z notation is an example of a leading formal specification language . Others include the Specification Language VDM SL of the Vienna Development Method and the Abstract Machine Notation AMN of the B Method . In the Web services area, formal specification is often used ... f formal specification Formal Specification ref Web services Quality of Service . See also Algebraic specification Formal methods Specification technical standard Software engineering Specification language XML Paper Specification References references External Links http kuro5hin.org story 2005 7 29 04553 9714 A Case for Formal Specification Technology by Coryoth 2005 07 30 http c2.com cgi wiki?FormalSpecification Formal Specification Category Formal methods Category Formal specification languages Formal specification Formalmethods stub de Formale Spezifikation es Especificaci n formal lt ... more details
The MultiProcessor Specification MPS for the x86 architecture is an open standard describing enhancements to both operating system s and firmware , which will allow them to work with x86 compatible processors in a Multiprocessing multi processor configuration. Version 1.1 of the specification was released on April 11, 1994. Version 1.4 of the specification was released on July 1, 1995, which added extended configuration tables to improve support for multiple PCI bus configurations and improve expandability. The MP specification covers Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APIC architectures. The Linux kernel and FreeBSD are known to support the Intel MP Specification. There is a utility called mptable which can be used to examine the MP Spec Table on motherboards. External links http www.intel.com design pentium datashts 242016.htm http download.intel.com design pentium datashts 24201606.pdf MPS Specification 1.4 May 1997 http www.uruk.org mps DEFAULTSORT Multiprocessor Specification Category Intel products Category X86 architecture Compu stub ru MultiProcessor Specification ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A specification language is a formal language used in computer science . Unlike most programming language s, which are directly executable formal languages used to implement a system, specification languages are used during systems analysis , requirements analysis and systems design . Specification languages are generally not directly executed. They describe the system at a much higher level than a programming language. Indeed, it is considered as an error if a requirement specification is cluttered with unnecessary implementation detail, because the specification is meant to describe the what , not the how . A common fundamental assumption of many specification approaches is that programs are modelled as algebra ic or model theory model theoretic structures that include a collection of set mathematics sets of data values together with function mathematics functions over those sets. This level of abstraction is commensurate with the view that the correctness ... oriented approach to specification taken e.g. by Common Algebraic Specification Language ... often just by their interrelationship. This is in contrast to so called model based specification model oriented specification in frameworks like Vienna Development Method VDM and Z notation Z , which ... in a programming language, or in an executable subset of the specification language at hand. For example, Hartmann pipeline s, when properly applied, may be considered a dataflow specification which is directly ... and must be specialized to be executable. An important use of specification languages is enabling the creation ... Algebraic Specification Language CASL Vienna Development Method VDM Z notation Lepus3 LePUS3 a visual, object oriented design description language Perfect Developer Perfect See also Formal specification Language independent specification Unified Modeling Language Specification and Design Language SDL DEFAULTSORT Specification Language Category Specification languages Compu lang stub ca Llenguatge ... more details
In computing , bit specification may mean Computer hardware or software capabilities or design features expressed in terms of bit counts. Higher bit specification e.g. 16 bit vs. 8 bit usually indicates better performance. Examples Color depth Computer bus size Processor register size Sound quality Specification or datasheet where the meaning of individual bit s in a larger, for example byte length, message is described. Bit specifications are often required to document low level device control or data transmission protocol computing protocol s. See bit manipulation . See also Functional specification disambig ... more details
Algebraic specification ref cite book title Algebraic Specification first J. A. last Bergstra coauthors B. Mahr publisher Academic Press year 1989 isbn 0 201 41635 2 ref ref cite book title Algebraic Specification first E. last Ehrig coauthors J. Heering, J. Klint publisher Springer Vrlag year 1985 series EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science volume 6 ref ref cite book title Algebraic Specification first M. last Wirsing series Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science volume B editor Jan van Leeuwen year 1990 publisher Elsevier pages 675 788 ref , is a software engineering technique for formal specification formally specifying system behavior. Algebraic specification seeks to systematically develop more efficient programs by formally defining data type types of data , and mathematical operations on those data types abstracting implementation details, such as the size of representations in memory and the efficiency of obtaining outcome of computations formalizing the computations and operations on data types allowing for automation by formally restricting operations to this limited set of behaviors and data types. An algebraic specification achieves these goals by defining one or more data types, and specifying a collection of functions that operate on those data types. These functions can be divided into two classes Constructor object oriented programming constructor functions functions that create or initialize the data elements, or construct complex elements from simpler ones Method computer programming additional functions functions that operate on the data types, and are defined in terms of the constructor functions. Example Consider a formal algebraic specification for the Boolean data type boolean data type. One possible algebraic specification may provide ... to yield the value true. The algebraic specification therefore describes state machine all ... between states. See also Common Algebraic Specification Language Donald Sannella Formal specification ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2009 Confusing date March 2009 A design specification provides explicit information about the requirements for a product and how the product is to be put together. It is the most traditional kind of specification, having been used historically in public contracting for buildings, highways, and other public works, and represents the kind of thinking in which architects and engineers have been trained. Its use is called for where a structure or product has to be specially made to meet a unique need. For example, a design specification must include all necessary drawings, dimensions, terms, and definitions of non standard terms, and the materials used must be described fully to include thickness, size, color, etc. See also Specification Data sheet Spec sheet Category Product development design stub nl Ontwerpspecificatie zh ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date March 2007 The person specification is an extension of the job description . It is a profile of the type of person needed to do a job and is produced along with a job description following a job analysis . Elements of a person specification include Attainments experience and qualifications Specialized skill s Interests Personality See also business human resource management personnel recruitment process job analysis job description employment contract A person specification is written by the firm and outlines the type of person the firm wants. It might contain the educational qualifications, previous experience, general intelligence, specialised skills, interests, personality and physical requirements and how you look A person specification is used to match the right person to the job. It describes the desirable personal attributes of the job holder. References http www.acas.gov.uk acas.gov.uk http www.businesslink.gov.uk bdotg action detail?type RESOURCES&itemId 1073793806 businesslink.gov.uk Category Human resource management Category Recruitment business stub ... more details
A specification tree shows all specifications of a technical system under development in a hierarchical order. For a spacecraft system it has the following levels System requirements specification generated by customer System design to specification generated by system responsible prime contractor Subsystem specifications generated by system responsible prime contractor Assembly specifications generated by subsystem responsible contractors Unit specifications generated by subsystem or assembly responsible contractors. An assembly level is defined as intermediate level when the subsystem contractor prefers to contract a group of units with complex interfaces to another contractor for instance the operating system and subsystem application software can be an assembly of the data management subsystem . See also Specification technical standard Category Product development Category Space ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date August 2009 A field specification or fspec defines a portion of a Word computer science word in some programming language . It has the form L R where L is the leftmost byte and R is the rightmost byte, and counting begins at zero. For example, the first three bytes of a word would have the fspec 0 2 for bytes numbered 0, 1, and 2. DEFAULTSORT Field Specification Category Units of information ... more details
In regression analysis and related fields such as econometrics , specification is the process of converting a theory into a regression model. This process consists of selecting an appropriate function mathematics functional form for the model and choosing which variables to include. Model specification is one of the first steps in regression analysis. If an estimated model is misspecified, it will be biased and inconsistent. ref Lee, Cheng Few Lee, John C. Lee, Alice C. Statistics for Business and Financial Economics. World Scientific Publishing Company. 2nd edition. December 1999 . p 718. ref Specification error and bias Specification error occurs when an independent variable is correlated with the error term. There are several different causes of specification error incorrect functional form a variable omitted from the model may have a relationship with both the dependent variable and one or more of the independent variables omitted variable bias ref http cemood.people.wm.edu 603.html Untitled Bot generated title ref an irrelevant variable may be included in the model the dependent variable may be part of a simultaneous equation simultaneity bias measurement errors may affect the independent variables. Detection The Ramsey RESET test can help test for specification error. References references cite journal last Thursby first Jerry G. coauthors Schmidt, Peter title Some Properties of Tests for Specification Error in a Linear Regression Model journal Journal of the American Statistical Association volume 72 issue 359 pages 635 641 url http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0162 1459 28197709 2972 3A359 3C635 3ASPOTFS 3E2.0.CO 3B2 Z&size LARGE month September year 1977 doi 10.2307 2286231 publisher Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 72, No. 359 cite journal last Sapra first Sunil title A regression error specification test RESET for generalized linear models journal Economics Bulletin volume 3 issue 1 year 2005 pages 1 6 url http economicsbulletin.vanderbilt.edu ... more details
Orphan date November 2006 Process specification is a generic term for the specification of a process. Its context is not unique to business activity but can be applied to any organizational activity. Within some structured methods, the capitalized term Process Specification refers to a description of the Procedure term procedure to be followed by an actor within an elementary level business activity, as represented on a process model such as a dataflow diagram or IDEF0 model. A common alias is minispec short for miniature specification. Use in systems development The process specification defines what must be done in order to transform inputs into outputs. It is a detailed set of instructions outlining a business procedure that each elementary level business activity is expected to carry out. Process specifications are commonly included as an integral component of a requirements document in systems development. Techniques There are a variety of approaches that can be used to produce a process specification including decision tables structured English favored technique of most systems analysts pre post conditions use cases , basic course or events alternate paths in use cases flowcharts . Nassi Shneiderman diagram Unified Modeling Language UML Activity diagram No matter what approach is used, it must communicate to system development designers, implementers and support professionals, as well as be verifiable by the stakeholders end users. See also Specification technical standard External links http www.yourdon.com strucanalysis wiki index.php?title Chapter 11 Chapter 11 of the http www.yourdon.com strucanalysis wiki index.php?title Introduction Structured Analysis Wiki , by Ed Yourdon Category Process management Category Software development process ... more details
merge to ZigBee discuss Talk ZigBee specification Merge with ZigBee Article date February 2011 ZigBee is the specification of a low cost, low power wireless communications solution, meant to be integrated as the main building block of ubiquitous networks. It is maintained by the ZigBee Alliance , which develops the specification and certifies its proper implementation. As of 2007 , the latest publicly available revision is the 2006 version. Overview Image ZigBee protocol stack.png thumb ZigBee protocol stack ZigBee builds upon the physical layer and medium access control defined in IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE standard 802.15.4 2003 version for low rate Personal area network Wireless WPAN s . The specification goes on to complete the standard by adding four main components network layer, application layer, ZigBee device objects ZDO s and manufacturer defined application objects which allow for customization and favor total integration. Besides adding two high level network layers to the underlying structure, the most significant improvement is the introduction of ZDO s. These are responsible for a number of tasks, which include keeping of device roles, management of requests to join a network, device discovery and security. At its core, ZigBee is a mesh network architecture. Its network layer natively supports three types of topologies both Star network star and Tree network tree typical ... defined by the specification, and is the effective interface of the ZigBee system to its end users. It comprises the majority of components added by the ZigBee specification both ZDO and its management ... indication response structure. Within a single device, up to 240 application objects can exist ... layers as follows The MAC sublayer is capable of single hop reliable communications. As a rule ... tabid 465 Default.aspx ZigBee specification External links http www.daintree.net resources spec matrix.php Compare ZigBee Specification Versions 2004 2006 2007 PRO Wireless Sensor Network Category ... more details
Image Specification UML.png right thumb 300px Specification Pattern in UML In computer programming, the specification pattern is a particular software design pattern , whereby business logic can be recombined by chaining the business logic together using boolean logic. A specification pattern outlines a unit of business logic that is combinable with other business logic units. In this pattern, a unit of business logic inherits its functionality from the abstract aggregate Composite Specification class. The Composite Specification class has one function called IsSatisfiedBy that returns a boolean value. After instantiation, the specification is chained with other specifications, making new specifications easily maintainable, yet highly customizable business logic. Furthermore upon instantiation the business logic may, through method invocation or inversion of control , have its state altered in order to become a delegate of other classes such as a persistence repository. Code examples C Sharp programming language C source lang csharp public interface ISpecification bool IsSatisfiedBy object candidate ISpecification And ISpecification other ISpecification Or ISpecification other ISpecification Not public abstract class CompositeSpecification ISpecification public abstract bool IsSatisfiedBy object candidate public ISpecification And ISpecification other return new AndSpecification this, other public ISpecification Or ISpecification other return new OrSpecification this, other public .... Using these three specifications, we created a new specification called SendToCollection which will be satisfied ... 2005 03 25 the specification pattern a primer The Specification Pattern A Primer by Matt Berther http www.codeproject.com KB architecture SpecificationPart1.aspx The Specification Pattern A Four Part Introduction using VB.Net by Richard Dalton http www.dpdk.nl opensource specification pattern for selection on lists specification pattern in flash actionscript 3 by Rolf Vreijdenberger Category Software ... more details
of OpenCRG into the OpenDRIVE file format specification has already been established in January 2008 ref Cite news last Dupuis first Marius title OpenDRIVE Format Specification location OpenDRIVE ... class wikitable style text align center border 1 Project name Format specification Schema file Release ... Categories DEFAULTSORT Opendrive Specification Category Driving ... more details
In the field of developmental biology , regional specification is the process by which different areas are identified in the development of the early embryo . The process by which the Cell biology cells ... main types of specification autonomous and conditional. A cell specified autonomously will develop ... cells or morphogen gradients. Specification in sea urchins uses both autonomous and conditional ... catenin in the cell autonomous specification of vegetal cell fates and the micromeres inducing ability ... induction signal is activated by beta catenin and acts through notch to initiate specification ... right axis formation. Tunicates Tunicates have been a popular choice for the study of regional specification because tunicates were the first organism in which autonomous specification was discovered ... to induce endoderm. Two more cell fates are determined by conditional specification. The endoderm ... division gives the autonomous specification of the two cells, but the AB cells require a conditional ... rise to the germ line. Axis specification The anterior posterior axis is specified by the sperm ... cell. Localization of cytoplasmic determinants The autonomous specification of C. elegans arises .... Specification of germ line P granules were identified as the cytoplasmic determinants. While ... line. Specification of EMS and P1 cells Other proteins that are likely to function as localized cytoplasmic ... the germ line lineage from differentiating. Specification of C and D founder cells PAL 1 is required ... C from D. Specification of E lineage The specification of the E lineage depends on signals ... of the frizzled family of proteins i.e. the receptor . Specification of ABa and ABp The specification ... Notch protein. GLP 1 , a Notch protein, is also required for specification of the fate of ABp ... in the posterior neuroectoderm hindbrain and spinal cord . Mammals The earliest specification in mouse ... work together for function. See also Specification technical standard Pattern formation embryology References ... more details
orphan date April 2010 In Xenopus laevis , the specification of the three germ layers endoderm , mesoderm and ectoderm occurs at the blastula stage. ref name Heasman Heasman, J., Quarmby, J., and Wylie, C.C. 1984 . The mitochondrial cloud of Xenopus oocytes the source of germinal granule material. Dev Biol 105, 458 469. ref Great efforts have been made to determine the factors that specify the endoderm and mesoderm. On the other hand, only a few examples of genes that are required for ectoderm specification have been described in the last decade. The first molecule identified to be required for the specification of ectoderm was the ubiquitin ligase Ectodermin Ecto, TIF1 , TRIM33 later, it was found that the deubiquitinating enzyme, FAM USP9x , is able to overcome the effects of ubiquitination made by Ectodermin in Smad4 Dupont et al., 2009 . Two transcription factors have been proposed to control gene expression of ectodermal specific genes POU91 Oct3 4 ref name Snir Snir, M., Ofir, R., Elias, S., and Frank, D. 2006 . Xenopus laevis POU91 protein, an Oct3 4 homologue, regulates competence transitions from mesoderm to neural cell fates. EMBO J 25, 3664 3674. ref and FoxIe1 Xema . ref name Mir07 Mir, A., Kofron, M., Zorn, A.M., Bajzer, M., Haque, M., Heasman, J., and Wylie, C.C. 2007 . FoxI1e activates ectoderm formation and controls cell position in the Xenopus blastula. Development ... thumb 320px right Proteins required for ectodermal specification. Ectodermin and FAM Biological role ...., Rugge, M., and Piccolo, S. 2005 . Germ layer specification and control of cell growth by Ectodermin ... in homeostasis and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 3, 807 821. ref During ectoderm specification, the function ... 49, 53 58. ref and ventral head specification. ref name Matsuo Takasaki Matsuo Takasaki, M., Matsumura, M., and Sasai, Y. 2005 . An essential role of Xenopus Foxi1a for ventral specification of the cephalic ... blastula in Xenopus embryo. gallery References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Ectoderm Specification Category ... more details
saved book title Unix subtitle cover image Poundexclam.svg cover color Black Unix Introduction UnixUnix wars Historically significant corporations AT&T Bell Labs Hewlett Packard IBM Novell SCO Group Sun Microsystems Unix standards and organizations The Open Group X Open POSIX SingleUNIXSpecificationUnix operating systems Berkeley Software Distribution 1977 Berkeley Software Distribution Version 7 Unix 1979 Version 7 Unix SunOS 1982 SunOS UNIX System V 1983 UNIX System V HP UX 1984 HP UX IBM AIX 1986 AIX IRIX 1988 IRIX SCO OpenServer 1989 SCO OpenServer Solaris operating system 1992 Solaris Tru64 UNIX 1992 Tru64 UNIX UnixWare 1992 UnixWare Mac OS X 2001 Mac OS X Unix like operating environments Unix like Cygwin FreeBSD GNU Interix Linux NetBSD NeXTSTEP OpenBSD OpenSolaris Plan 9 from Bell Labs Legal battles and controversies SCO Linux controversies SCO v. IBM SCO v. Novell SCO and SGI Red Hat v. SCO USL v. BSDi Category Wikipedia books books without categories Category Wikipedia books on computer science ... more details
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