selfref For the use of signatures in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia Signatures . A signatureblock often abbreviated as signature , sig block , sig file , .sig , dot sig , siggy , or just sig is a block of text ... response follows. It is common practice for a signatureblock to consist of one or more lines containing some brief information on the author of the message. Note that a sig block is not the same as a digital signature . A sig block is easily forged, whereas a digital signature uses cryptographic ... in a signatureblock includes the poster s name, phone number and email address, along with other ... self classification codes , though the practice is waning. E mail and Usenet An e mail signature is a block ... and Eudora email client Eudora , can be configured to automatically append an e mail signature with each new message. A shortened form of a signatureblock sometimes called a signature line , only ... goes by many names, including sig dashes , signature cut line , sig marker , and sig separator , allows software to automatically mark or remove the sig block as the receiver desires. The signature prefix ... less strict on how a signatureblock is formatted, as Web browser s typically are not operated within the same constraints as text interface applications. Users will typically use a signature text ..., and ensures that eighty column computer terminal terminals can display the sig block properly. The formatting of the sig block is prescribed somewhat more firmly it should be displayed as plain ... of these websites have competitions, battles and signature of the week contests, where members submit ... signature blocks were rare. However, a tearline standard for FidoNet was included in FTS 0004 ref ... , a Usenet poster famous for his absurdly long signature. Signature tag Notes and references references ... 3676, 4.3 Usenet Signature Convention http lipas.uwasa.fi ts http signatur.html What are the restrictions for a proper signature? http www.odce.ie GetAttachment.aspx?id 6b7d40ce d830 4613 bc9f eb7ae501db93 ... more details
set one or more lines of custom text known as a signatureblock to be automatically appended to their messages ... art . A shortened form of a signatureblock, only including one s name, often with some distinguishing ... JohnHancocksSignature.svg thumb 300px John Hancock s signature is the most prominent on the United States Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation . A signature from lang la ... a simple X that a person writes on documents as a proof of identity and intent. The writer of a signature is a signatory . Similar to a handwritten signature, a signature work describes the work as readily identifying its creator. A signature may be confused with an autograph , which is chiefly an artistic signature. Function and types of signatures This section is linked from Literacy Image Autograph of Benjamin Franklin.svg thumb 220px Signature of Benjamin Franklin The traditional function of a signature is evidential it is to give evidence of The provenance of the document identity The intention will of an individual with regard to that document For example, the role of a signature ..., but rather to additionally provide evidence of deliberation and informed consent. This is why the signature ... place a thumbprint on legal documents in lieu of a written signature. There are many other terms which are synonymous with signature . In the United States, one is John Hancock , named after the first ... 2010 Image Gandhi signature.svg thumb 220px Signature of Mahatma Gandhi The signature of a famous person ... rule is that unless a statute specifically prescribes a particular method of making a signature it may be made in any number of ways. These include by a mechanical or rubber stamp facsimile. A signature ... in the signer s presence and at the signer s direction may make the signature. ref 80 Corpis Juris .... As an example, the final k in John Hancock s famous signature on the US Declaration of Independence ... paraph . ref Paraphe, also spelled parafe, is a term meaning flourish, initial or signature in French ... more details
. wiktionary signatureSignature may also refer to In computing Signatureblock , text automatically appended at the bottom of an e mail message, Usenet article, or forum post Method signature , in computer ...selfref For the use of signatures in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia Signatures . A signature is a hand written ... signature , which defines the inputs and outputs for a function or method In cryptography Blind signature , digital signature in which the content of a message is disguised Digital signature or public key digital signature , a method for authenticating information Digital Signature Algorithm , a United States Federal Government standard Electronic signature , a signature imputed to a text via one ... features to a document ElGamal signature scheme , based on the difficulty of computing discrete logarithms Key signature cryptography , the result of applying a hash function on a key XML Signature , a W3C recommendation that defines an XML syntax In music Key signature , a series of sharp or flat ... Signature Moya Brennan album Signature Moya Brennan album , a 2006 album by Irish musician Moya Brennan Signature Joe album Signature Joe album Signature Patrice Rushen album Signature Patrice Rushen album Signature news music , a news music and station image package composed by Stephen Arnold Signature song , the one song that a popular and well established artist is identified with Time signature ... one beat In science Isotopic signature , a characteristic set of ratios of stable or unstable isotopes Signature mathematics another disambiguation page Metric signature , in physics, refers to the form of a metric tensor the sign of the diagonal components constitutes its signatureSignature change , in relativity Spectral signature , the specific combination of reflected and absorbed electromagnetic ... In other uses Signature , a brand of the clothing company Levi Strauss & Co. In bookbinding , a large ... leaves in the finished book Diabolical signature , in demonology, the signature of a devil, demon ... more details
wiktionary Block Blocks block blocked blocks selfref If you re looking for the blocking policy on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia Blocking policy . tocright Block may refer to Administrative subdivisions A city block , the smallest area that is surrounded by streets Block country subdivision , term used in many South Asian countries Objects A large concrete masonry unit Tower block , a high rise multi unit building Block sailing , a single or multiple pulley used on sailboats Cylinder block , the main part of an internal combustion engine Toy block , one of a set of wooden or plastic pieces of various shapes Unit block a type of standardized wooden toy block for children Cogset Freewheels Freewheel , a set of rear sprockets that attaches to a hub on the rear wheel Wood block a small piece of slit drum made from a single piece of wood and used as a percussion instrument Hat block a wooden block carved into the shape of a hat by a craftsman known as a block shaper Postage stamp block , an attached group of postage stamps Science Block extraction of petroleum , a sub division of an underground reservoir Block meteorology , large scale patterns in the atmospheric pressure field Block geology , is a a geologic ... another player s path Block basketball , when a defensive player legally deflects a shot Blocking ... train movement in Railway signalling Blocks railway signalling Technology Block data storage , the practice of storing electronic data in equally sized units Block level element in the HTML markup language Block telecommunications , a unit of data transmission block programming , a group of declarations and statements treated as a unit Block Internet , technical measures to restrict users access ... block the processing of any other task Block Unicode Unicode block , a named range of codepoints in Unicode Block elements, a class of Box drawing characters Mathematics Aschbacher block of a finite group Block design , a kind of set system in combinatorial mathematics Block permutation group theory ... more details
The Block may refer to Places 231 North Vandeventer Saint Louis MO, 63108. Australia The Block Sydney , the first Aboriginal land handback United States The Block at Orange , an open air shopping and entertainment mall located in Southern California The Block Baltimore , an adult entertainment area Philippines The Block Philippines , one of two annex buildings in SM City North EDSA located in North Avenue, Quezon City Entertainment A set of TV series of similar format The Block Australian TV series The Block UK TV series The Block Belgium TV series The Block Israeli TV series Het Blok The Block album The Block album , the fifth studio album from the New Kids On The Block Sports The Block American Football Jerry Kramer s block in the 1967 NFL Championship Game that led to the winning touchdown Other Bloc Qu b cois , a Canadian political party often referred to as The Bloc The wooden block used in the Decapitation beheading of a condemned person with an axe disambig ... more details
In cryptography , a Lamport signature or Lamport one time signature scheme is a method for constructing a digital signature . Lamport signatures can be built from any cryptographically secure one way function ... key could be used for many messages, making this a fairly efficient digital signature scheme. The Lamport signature cryptosystem was invented in 1979 by Leslie Lamport , named after the inventor ... 256 random numbers. That is, 256 256 bits 8 KiB in total. These random numbers are her signature and she ... be used again. The other 256 random numbers that she did not use for the signature she must never ... signatures. Verifying the signature Then Bob wants to verify Alice s signature of the message. He ... the random numbers for the signature. That is, if the first bit of the message hash is a 0, he picks ... s signature. This gives him 256 hashes. If these 256 hashes exactly match the 256 hashes he just picked from Alice s public key then the signature is ok. If not, then something is wrong. Note that prior to that Alice has published the signature of a message no one else knows the 2 256 random numbers in the private key. Thus no one else can create the proper list of 256 random numbers for the signature. And after Alice has published the signature others still do not know the other 256 random ... that the message in this description is a fixed sized block of reasonable size, possibly but not necessarily ... . Signing a message Let math m m 1 ldots m k in 0,1 k math be a message. The signature of the message is math sig m 1 ldots m k y 1,m 1 , ldots, y k,m k s 1, ldots,s k math . Verifying a signature The verifier validates a signature by checking that math f s i z i,m i math for all math 1 leq i leq ... bit of the public key and signature is based on short messages requiring only a single invocation to a hash ...,j sub and the signature elements s sub i,j sub must be no less than 2 times larger than the security ... access CSPRNG should be used, such as Blum Blum Shub BBS . Short public key A Lamport signature ... more details
unreferenced date December 2010 The genomic signature refers to the characteristic frequency of oligonucleotide s in a genome or sequence. It has been observed that the genomic signature of phylogenetically related genomes is similar. DEFAULTSORT Genomic Signature Category Nucleic acids ... more details
signatureblock on the last page, and the previous pages may be replaced after a signature is applied ...About secure cryptographic signatures simple signatures in digital form Electronic signature A digital signature or digital signature scheme is a mathematical scheme for demonstrating the authenticity of a digital message or document. A valid digital signature gives a recipient reason to believe that the message ... signature s, a broader term that refers to any electronic data that carries the intent of a signature ... . For messages sent through a nonsecure channel, a properly implemented digital signature gives ... are more difficult to forge than the handwritten type. Digital signature schemes in the sense ... schemes offer a time stamp for the digital signature, so that even if the private key is exposed, the signature is valid nonetheless. Digitally signed messages may be anything representable as a bitstring ... protocol . Definition Image Digital Signature diagram.svg thumb right 350px Diagram showing how a simple digital signature is applied and then verified Main Public key cryptography A digital signature ... and a private key, produces a signature. A signature verifying algorithm that, given a message, public key and a signature, either accepts or rejects the message s claim to authenticity. Two main properties are required. First, a signature generated from a fixed message and fixed private key ... be computationally infeasible to generate a valid signature for a party who does not possess ... signature scheme, although they only conjectured that such schemes existed. ref New Directions ... name lysythesis http theory.lcs.mit.edu cis theses anna phd.pdf Signature Schemes and Applications to Cryptographic ... marketed software package to offer digital signature was Lotus Notes 1.0, released in 1989, which used the RSA algorithm. Citation needed date March 2009 To create RSA signature keys, generate an RSA ...? I.e. full domain hashes date September 2010 . Other digital signature schemes were soon developed ... more details
In mathematics , signature can refer to The signature permutation signature of a permutation is 1 according to whether it is an even permutation even odd permutation . The signature function defines a group homomorphism from the symmetric group to the group 1 . The signature of a real symmetric bilinear form or a real number real quadratic form is the number of positive minus the number of negative eigenvalue s of the corresponding matrix mathematics matrix which equals the surplus of positive coefficients over negative in any Diagonalizable matrix diagonalisation of the form . The signature is an invariant of the quadratic form by Sylvester s law of inertia i.e. independent of the choice of basis linear algebra basis . Related to this is the metric signature of the metric tensor on a pseudo Riemannian manifold . Also related is the signature topology topological signature of a 4 k dimensional compact space compact , oriented manifold . The cup product defines a symmetric form on the middle de Rham cohomology group H sup 2 k sup M . The topological signature of M is the signature of this form. See also signature complex . The signature of a flag linear algebra flag of subspaces is the sequence of the dimensions of the subspaces. In logic, the Signature logic signature of a structure contains information about the names and arities of its functions and relations. Signature of a knot mathdab es Signatura matem tica fr Signature math matiques ... more details
Signature Theatre may refer to Signature Theatre Arlington, Virginia , a stage theater in Virginia Signature Theatre Company New York City , a stage theater in New York Signature Theatres, a chain of movie theaters bought and rebranded by the Regal Entertainment Group in 2004 disambig ... more details
unref date October 2007 lowercase s block align right style margin 0 0 1em 1em Chemical elements in s block Periodic table group Group Alkali metal 1 Alkaline earth metal 2 Noble gas 18 Periodic table period Period Period 1 element 1 element cell 1 Hydrogen H Gas Nonmetals Primordial element cell 2 Helium He Gas Noble gases Primordial Period 2 element 2 element cell 3 Lithium Li Solid Alkali metals Primordial element cell 4 Beryllium Be Solid Alkaline earth metals Primordial Period 3 element 3 element cell 11 Sodium Na Solid Alkali metals Primordial element cell 12 Magnesium Mg Solid Alkaline earth metals Primordial Period 4 element 4 element cell 19 Potassium K Solid Alkali metals Primordial element cell 20 Calcium Ca Solid Alkaline earth metals Primordial Period 5 element 5 element cell 37 Rubidium Rb Solid Alkali metals Primordial element cell 38 Strontium Sr Solid Alkaline earth metals Primordial Period 6 element 6 element cell 55 Caesium Cs Solid Alkali metals Primordial element cell 56 Barium Ba Solid Alkaline earth metals Primordial Period 7 element 7 element cell 87 Francium Fr Solid Alkali metals Natural radio element cell 88 Radium Ra Solid Alkaline earth metals Natural radio The s block of the Periodic table extended periodic table of Chemical element elements consists of the first two periodic table group group s the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals , plus hydrogen and helium . These elements are distinguished by the property that in the atomic ground state , the highest energy electron is in an s atomic orbital orbital . Except in hydrogen and helium, these electrons are very easily lost to form positive ion s. The helium configuration is chemically exceedingly ... gases . The other elements of the s block are all extremely powerful reducing agent s, so much ... until 1881 when Carl Setterberg electrolysed the molten cyanide . The s block metals vary ... chemistry . All the s block metals are dangerous fire hazards which require special extinguishants to extinguish ... more details
Undeniable signatures are a form of digital signature invented by David Chaum and Hans van Antwerpen in 1989. They have two distinctive features, The verification process is interactive, so that the signatory can limit who can verify the signature. A disavowal protocol, which is a cryptographic protocol that allows them to determine whether a given signature is a forgery . The first means that a signatory can allow only others who are authorized to access the document to verify their signature. If the document were to be leaked to a third party, the third party would be unable to verify that the signature is genuine. This is a designated verifier signature . However, because of this property it means that the signatory may deny a signature which was valid. To prevent this, there is the second property, a method to prove that a given signature is a forgery. See also Topics in cryptography References David Chaum, Hans van Antwerpen Undeniable Signatures Crypto 89, LNCS 435, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1990, 212 216. Category Cryptography ... more details
In cryptography , a ring signature is a type of digital signature that can be performed by any member of a group of users that each have key cryptography keys . Therefore, a message signed with a ring signature is endorsed by someone in a particular group of people. One of the security properties of a ring signature is that it should be difficult to determine which of the group members keys was used to produce the signature. Ring signatures are similar to group signature s but differ in two key ways first, there is no way to revoke the anonymity of an individual signature, and second, any group of users can be used as a group without additional setup. Ring signatures were invented by Ron Rivest , Adi Shamir , and Yael Tauman , and introduced at ASIACRYPT in 2001. ref http www.springerlink.com ... 2001. ref The name ring signature comes from the ring like structure of the signature algorithm ... signature on a message m , on input m , SK sub i sub , PK sub 1 sub , ... , PK sub n sub . Anyone can check the validity of a ring signature given , m , and the public keys involved, PK sub 1 sub , ... , PK sub n sub . If a ring signature is properly computed, it should pass the check. On the other hand, it should be hard for anyone to create a valid ring signature on any message for any ..., Shamir, and Tauman described ring signatures as a way to leak a secret. For instance, a ring signature could be used to provide an anonymous signature from a high ranking White House official , without ... the anonymity of a ring signature cannot be revoked, and because the group for a ring signature can be improvised. Another application, also described in the original paper, is for deniable signature s. A ring signature where the group is the sender and the recipient of a message will only seem to be a signature of the sender to the recipient anyone else will be unsure whether the recipient or the sender was the actual signer. Thus, such a signature is convincing, but cannot be transferred ... more details
Signature is a trading name of CACDP which is a Charitable organization charity registered in England and Wales, and Scotland. Signature promotes excellence in communication with deaf and deafblind people so their vision of a society in which deaf people have full access can become a reality. Signature encourages greater understanding of deaf and deafblind people and the languages and communication methods they use. Signature offers nationally recognised qualifications in subjects such as British Sign Language and speech to text reporting, which over 30,000 learners study at more than 700 locations across the UK and Ireland each year. Signature also administers the National Registers for Communication Professionals working with Deaf and Deafblind People NRCPD . Today more than 600 communication professionals working with deaf and deafblind people choose the NRCPD as their professional registration body. External links http www.signature.org.uk Signature Website http www.nrcpd.org.uk NRCPD Website Category Deafness organizations Category Deaf culture in the United Kingdom ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image SignatureRecord.jpg right thumb 200px Signature Record by Coleman Hawkins . Signature Records was a mid 20th century United States based record label . Noted Signature recording artists included Anita O Day , Coleman Hawkins , Eddie Lawrence , Ray Anthony , Barbara McNair , Monica Lewis , Dickie Thompson , Jane Harvey , Kay Thompson and Alan Dale singer . Bob Thiele produced records for Signature in the 1940s and 50s. He was married to three of Signature s vocalists Monica Lewis, Jane Harvey and Teresa Brewer . The label flourished in the 1940s and went out of business in 1972 Citation needed date April 2007 2007 revival Signature Records is also a record company set up in January 2007 by Max Martin to record Pop Music and create new artists. Artists include David Bisbal and Amanda singer See also List of record labels Category American record labels de Signature Records nl Signature Records ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Block to Block Type studio Longtype Artist De Press Cover Released 1981 Recorded Genre Punk rock , Post punk Length Label Producer Reviews Last album This album Next album Block to Block is the debut album of the band De Press . It was released in 1981 and was produced by John Leckie . Track listing Kalhoz Block to Block Kiss Me Russia Dobl Steyshen Kejk Velvet Walz Peyshens Bo Jo Cie Kochom Forcd Moniuments On Top Tavarish Transparent Tlf. Conveyor Belt DEFAULTSORT Block To Block Category 1981 albums Category Albums produced by John Leckie Category Debut albums 1980s punk album stub ... more details
Mergeto Type signature discuss Talk Type signature Merge proposal date November 2008 In computer programming , especially object oriented programming , a Method computer science method is commonly identified by its unique method signature . This usually includes the method name, and the number, types and order of its parameter s. A method signature is the smallest datatype type of a method. In the Objective C programming language, method signatures for an object are declared in the interface header file. For example, id initWithInt int value defines a method tt initWithInt tt that returns a general object an tt id tt and takes one integer argument. Objective C only requires a type in a signature to be explicit when the type is not tt id tt this signature is equivalent initWithInt int value In the Java programming language Java programming language , a method signature for an object is the method name and the number and type of its parameter s. Return types are not considered to be a part of the method signature. method name parameters ... For example doSomething int y and doSomething String y Are distinct method signatures, but int doSomething int y and String doSomething int x are not distinct, and will be treated by a compiler as identical method declarations. In the above example the name of the parameter is not part of the method signature and is ignored by the compiler for checking method uniqueness. External links http java.sun.com docs books tutorial java javaOO methods.html Defining Methods in Sun s Java Tutorials DEFAULTSORT Method Signature Category Method computer science Compu lang stub de Signatur Programmierung it Firma programmazione ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Context date April 2009 No footnotes date April 2009 Merge metric signature date July 2010 Signature change is concerned with when the spacetime signature of spacetime can change from positive definite to Lorentz metric Lorentzian . There are several reasons for interest in signature change including 1 In the early universe there might be a transition from spacetime which has three space dimensions and one time dimension to four space dimensions. This side steps the question of what happens at ever earlier times instead one now has an origin of time, when the fourth space dimension becomes time, and now the problem is to produce a theory to explain this. 2 In the path integral approach to quantum field theory many more systems are soluble when the signature is taken to be positive definite, essentially one has exponential functions rather than trigometrical functions in the integral which allows the integral to be solved. One then has to access the value of these solutions by applying some form of signature change to recover Lorentzian signature. Most practitioners change the signature by fiat whenever calculations seem to require it however there is a more systematic method using the line element field sometimes called the direction field . This expresses a Lorentzian metric as a kind of sum of a positive definite metric and the line element field, and this separation can be carried through to the Lagrangian . Then the line element field can be treated as just another field. The classical theory is well defined, the simplest way of treating the quantum theory gives a type of Klein Gordon equation governing signature change. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Signature Change Category Relativity Relativity stub ... more details
Cleanup date June 2008 No footnotes date April 2009 Image Kvennafr arinn,p49.png thumb 150px right At the bottom of the page the signature mark represents the number of the leaf A signature mark is a letter, number or combination of either or both, which is printed at the bottom of the first page, or leaf, of a signature or section. This practise is to ensure that the bookbinder can order the pages and sections in the correct order. Contemporary use of signature marks A number of symbols used as binding signature marks were encoded in ISO 5426 2 ref 1996, Information and documentation Extension of the Latin alphabet coded character set for bibliographic information interchange Part 2 Latin characters used in minor European languages and obsolete typography ref and from there to enable migration of data from the old standard found their way into Unicode . 0x32 REFERENCE MARK, 0x34 MALTESE CROSS and 0x36 RIGHTWARDS LEAF ARROW were unified with U 203B , U 2720 and U 2767 ROTATED FLORAL HEART BULLET hedera, ivy leaf respectively, but 0x37 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER SIDEWAYS Q had to be added into Unicode as U 213A , ROTATED CAPITAL Q. U 2619 , REVERSED ROTATED FLORAL HEART BULLET, was added later these latter two are the only codepoints in Unicode 4.0 to bear the annotation binding signature mark . Although other symbols were used as binding signature marks, printers making something of a house style of the particular blocks of type they chose, it is unlikely that Unicode will encode any more marks, since they constitute metatextual and not textual information. References and external links Matt T. Roberts and Don Etherington, http palimpsest.stanford.edu don don.html Bookbinding and the Conservation of books A Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology http blogs.msdn.com michkap archive 2005 01 10 349769.aspx Every character has a story 1 U 213a ROTATED CAPITAL Q reflist DEFAULTSORT Signature Mark Category Page layout de Bogensignatur fr Signature Signature de la feuille is Ark ... more details
The prime signature of a number is the multiset of exponents of its prime factorisation . For example, all prime number s have a prime signature of 1 , the squares of primes have a prime signature of 2 , the products of 2 distinct primes have a prime signature of 1,1 and the products of a square of a prime and a different prime e.g. 12,18,20,... have a prime signature of 2,1 . The number of divisor s that a number has is determined by its prime signature as follows If you add one to each exponent and multiply them together you get the number of divisors including the number itself and 1. For example, 20 has prime signature 2,1 and so the number of divisors is 3x2 6. They are 1,2,4,5,10 and 20. The smallest number of each prime signature is a product of primorial s. The first few are 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 30, 32, 36, 48, 60, 64, 72, 96, 120, 128, 144, 180, 192, 210, 216, ... OEIS id A025487 . Numbers with same prime signature class wikitable Signature Numbers On Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences OEIS ID Description 1 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, ... OEIS2C id A000040 prime numbers 2 4, 9, 25, 49, 121, ... OEIS2C id A001248 Square number squares of prime numbers 1,1 6, 10, 14, 15, 21, ... OEIS2C id A006881 two distinct prime divisors Square free integer square free semiprime s 3 8, 27, 125, 343, ... OEIS2C id A030078 Cube algebra cubes of prime numbers 2,1 12, 18, 20, 28, ... OEIS2C id A054753 squares of primes times another prime 4 16, 81, 625, 2401, ... OEIS2C id A030514 fourth powers of prime numbers 3,1 24, 40, 54, 56, ... OEIS2C id A065036 cubes of primes times another prime 1,1,1 30, 42, 66, 70, ... OEIS2C id A007304 three distinct prime divisors sphenic number s 5 32, 243 ... of square free semiprimes Sequences defined by their prime signature Given a number with prime signature S , it is A prime number if S 1 A square algebra square if gcd S is even A square free integer ... if sum S k . References mathworld urlname PrimeSignature title Prime Signature External links http ... more details
Confusing date December 2006 The signature of a metric tensor or more generally a nondegenerate symmetric ... take a pair of values from 0 to n . The signature may be denoted either by a pair of integers such as p ... or &minus , , , , in this case 1,3 resp. 3,1 . ref Rowland, Todd. Matrix Signature. From ... ref The signature is said to be indefinite or mixed if both p and q are non zero. A Riemannian metric is a metric with a positive definite positive definite signature. A Lorentz metric Lorentzian metric is one with signature p , &minus 1 or sometimes 1, &minus q . There is also another definition of signature which uses a single number math s math defined as the number p ... . Using the nondegenerate metric tensor from above, the signature is simply the sum of p and q . For example ... signature i sub sub , i sub &minus sub , i sub 0 sub of A is a group of three natural numbers ... finite dimensional vector space V , the signature of V is the signature of the matrix which represents ... of inertia , the signature does not depend on the basis. Properties Spectral theorem Due to the spectral ... if they have the same signature. This means that the signature is a complete invariant for scalar ... relation congruent if and only if they have the same signature. Geometrical interpretation of the indices ... a non degenerate scalar product has signature math i , i , 0 math , with math i n i math . So the values ... transform each other by multiplying 1 to their scalar product. Examples Matrices The signature of the identity matrix math n times n math is math n, 0, 0 math . More generally, the signature of a diagonal ... matrices have both the same signature math 1, 1, 0 math , therefore they are congruent because ... has math n, 0, 0 math signature. A scalar product has this signature if and only if it is a positive definite scalar product. A negative definite scalar product has math 0, n, 0 math signature. A semi definite positive scalar product has math n, 0, m math signature. The Minkowski space is math R ... more details
Signature files is a technique applied for document retrieval . The idea behind Signature files is to create a quick and dirty filter that will keep all the documents that match to the query and hopefully a few ones that do not. The way this is done is by creating for each file a signature, typically a hash coded version. One method is superimposed coding. A post processing step is done to discard the false alarms. Since in most cases this structure is inferior to inverted file s in terms of speed, size and functionality, it is not used widely. However, with proper parameters it can beat the inverted files in certain environments. References Christos Faloutsos and Stavros Christodoulakis, Signature files An access method for documents and its analytical performance evaluation. ACM Transactions on Information Systems TOIS , Vol. 2, No. 4 1984 , pp. 267 288. Justin Zobel, Alistair Moffat and Kotagiri Ramamohanarao, Inverted files versus signature files for text indexing . ACM Transactions on Database Systems TODS , Vol. 23, Issue 4 1998 , pp. 453 490. Ben Carterette and Fazli Can, Comparing inverted files and signature files for searching a large lexicon. Information Processing and Management, Vol. 41, No. 3 2005 , pp. 613 633. Category Algorithms on strings compu stub ja ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 In mathematics , a signature matrix is a diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements are plus or minus 1, that is, any matrix of the form math A begin pmatrix pm 1 & 0 & cdots & 0 & 0 0 & pm 1 & cdots & 0 & 0 vdots & vdots & ddots & vdots & vdots 0 & 0 & cdots & pm 1 & 0 0 & 0 & cdots & 0 & pm 1 end pmatrix math Any such matrix is its own inverse matrix inverse , hence is an involutary matrix . It is consequently a square root of a matrix square root of the identity matrix . Note however that not all square roots of the identity are signature matrices. Noting that signature matrices are both symmetric matrix symmetric and involutary, they are thus orthogonal matrix orthogonal . Consequently, any linear transformation corresponding to a signature matrix constitutes an isometry . Geometrically, signature matrices represent a reflection mathematics reflection in each of the axes corresponding to the negated rows or columns. See also Involution mathematics DEFAULTSORT Signature Matrix Category Matrices Maths stub sl Matrika oznak th ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2008 Original research date January 2008 A signature event is an event whose brand recognition in the market is equal to or greater than the brand recognition of its sponsoring organization. Also, an event whose production values carry the genetics of the sponsoring organization s mission. Signature event is a term encountered, most frequently, in the nonprofit sector to describe an organization s major fundraising event s . The term signature event was coined in 1984 by Biondolillo Associates, a Wellesley, MA based marketing and development consulting firm. Some examples include The Big Cheese Reads, The Pan Mass Challenge, Girl Scout Cookies Campaign. ad stub Category Advertising ... more details
A detached signature is a type of digital signature that is kept separate from its signed data, as opposed to bundled together into a single file. See also XML Signature References cite web url http www.gnupg.org gph en manual x135.html AEN160 title Making and verifying signatures Detached signatures author Free Software Foundation work The GNU Privacy Handbook year 1999 accessdate 2010 01 25 cite web url http msdn.microsoft.com en us library ms759193 VS.85 .aspx title Detached Signatures author Microsoft Corporation work MSDN Library accessdate 2010 01 25 crypto stub Category Public key cryptography ... more details
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