In experiments in which additional factors are not likely to interact with any of the other factors, a saturatedarray can be used. In a saturated matrix mathematics array , a controllable design of experiments factor is substituted for the interaction of two or more by products. Using a saturatedarray, a two factor test matrix could be used to test three factors. Using the saturatedarray allows three factors to be tested in four tests rather than in eight, as would be required by a standard orthogonality orthogonal array. statistics stub Category Design of experiments ... more details
An array is a systematic arrangement of objects, usually in rows and columns. Specifically, it may refer ... at run time, including Array data structure , an arrangement of items at equally spaced addresses in computer memory Array data type , used in a programming language to specify a variable that can be indexed Associative array , an abstract data structure model that generalizes arrays to arbitrary indices or various kinds of the above, such as Bit array or bit vector Dynamic array , allocated at run time Parallel array of records, with each field stored as a separate array Sparse array , with most elements omitted, to store a sparse matrix Variable length array Jagged array , where the rows have different lengths individually or various related concepts Vector processor Array processor , a computer to process arrays of data not to be confused with a processor arrayArray programming , using matrix algebra notation in programs not the same as array processing Array slicing , the extraction of sub arrays of an array or also Global Arrays , a library for parallel processing Intel Array Visualizer , a piece of scientific graphics software In mathematics and statistics An array or matrix mathematics e.g. a Monge array , a Costas array A standard array in coding theory In statistics, arrays are a name for some kinds of Category Experimental design Intersection array a concept of category theory The thinned array curse or sparse array curse, a theorem about elecromagnetic waves In technology ... array, such as a phased array , a tower array , etc. A speaker array, used to produce directional Sound Asynchronous array of simple processors Ball grid array , pin grid array , and land grid array , ways to connect integrated circuits Cache Array Routing Protocol CARP Color filter array , placed over an imaging array Disk array , such as the RAID Field emitter array , an electron source Gate array , including a field programmable gate array FPGA Halbach array , an arrangement of magnets ... more details
No footnotes date January 2010 Dablink There is an unrelated notion of saturated model in the context ... , a saturated model M is one which realizes as many type model theory complete type s as may be reasonably ... saturated, meaning that every descending nested sequence of internal set s has a nonempty intersection ... a model in some first order language . Then M is called saturated if for all subsets A M of cardinality less than , M realizes all Type model theory complete types over A . The model M is called saturated if it is M saturated where M denotes the cardinality of M . That is, it realizes all complete ... countably saturated if it is aleph 1 math aleph 1 math saturated that is, it realizes all complete types over countable sets of parameters. According to others, it is countably saturated if it is math aleph 0 math saturated i.e. realizes all complete types over finite parameter sets. Motivation Cleanup ... all the complete types of the base language such a model is called weakly saturated which is the same as being 1 saturated . The difference lies in the fact that M may and likely does contain points ..., so we do not require that such formulas be realized. Examples Saturated models exist for instance, Q , is saturated and the countable random graph is saturated. More generally, the unique model of cardinality of a categorical theory categorical theory is saturated. However, the statement that every model has a saturated elementary extension is not provable in ZFC . It is equivalent to the existence ... to prime models The notion of saturated model is dual to the notion of prime model in the following ... into any other model of T . The equivalent notion for saturated models is that any reasonably small model of T is elementarily embedded in a saturated model, where reasonably small means cardinality no larger than that of the model in which it is to be embedded Any saturated model is also homogeneous model homogeneous . However, while for countable theories there is a unique prime model, saturated ... more details
In thermodynamics , the state of saturation of a fluid indicates that the fluid is at its boiling point temperature ref Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach by Yunus A. engel, Michael A. Boles, p.65, ISBN 007121688X ref . This term can be applied in several ways Saturated liquid fully in the liquid state but is about to vaporize. Saturated liquid vapor mixture liquid and vapor coexist. Saturated vapor fully in the vapor state but about to condense. For example, a saturated steam is steam at Vapor liquid equilibrium equilibrium with liquid water . It defines the boundary between wet steam and superheated steam on the temperature enthalpy diagram. See also Subcooling References reflist Singh, R Paul. 2001 . Introduction to Food Engineering . Academic Press. ISBN 978 0 12 646384 2. Category Steam engines Category Thermodynamics Category Temperature Category Phases of matter states of matter engineering stub cs Syt p ra pl Para nasycona ... more details
Saturated spectroscopy is the method by which the exact energy of the hyperfine transitions within an atom can be found. When a monochromatic light is shone through an atom, the Absorption cross section is broadened due to Doppler broadening . Saturated spectroscopy allows the doppler broadened peak to be resolved so that the exact transitions can be found. More than a decade after the first demonstration of hole burning or Lamb dip, a result of saturated absorption process inside HeNe laser cavity at 1.1micron in 1962, the greater majority of SA spectroscopy research was carried out with gas lasers and molecules in the mid infrared. But due to the facts that SA requires high laser intensity and the gas molecules usually have widely spread strong absorption spectra only in the Mid IR, and the slow development of compact, widely tunable Mid IR lasers, the SA technique has not been widely used for molecular chemical analysis besides precision metrology which only been limited to the isolated wavelengths of HeNe and CO sub 2 sub lasers and limited number of molecules. External links http www.phys.ufl.edu courses phy4803L group III sat absorbtion SatAbs.pdf Saturated Spectroscopy http prola.aps.org abstract PR v126 i2 p580 1 hole burning by Bennett Category Spectroscopy Category Scattering, absorption and radiative transfer optics science stub de Dopplerfreie S ttigungsspektroskopie ... more details
In mathematics , in particular in topology , a subset of a topological space X , &tau is saturated if it is an intersection set theory intersection of open subsets of X . In a T1 space T sub 1 sub space every set is saturated. Saturated sets can also be defined in terms of surjections if the domain of a surjection p contains a set C , the set C is called saturated provided it contains every inverse image set that it intersects. Equivalently, this means that p sup &minus 1 sup p C C . References cite encyclopedia author G. Gierz, K. H. Hofmann, K. Keimel, J. D. Lawson, M. Mislove, and D. S. Scott encyclopedia Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications title Continuous Lattices and Domains year 2003 publisher Cambridge University Press volume 93 id ISBN 0 521 80338 1 cite book author J. R. Munkres title Topology publisher Prentice Hall year 2000 isbn 0 13 181629 2 Category General topology Topology stub ... more details
In mathematics , a Measure mathematics measure is said to be saturated if every locally measurable set is also measurable . ref Bogachev, Vladmir 2007 . Measure Theory Volume 2 . Springer. ISBN 978 3540345138. ref A set math E math , not necessarily measurable, is said to be locally measurable if for every measurable set math A math of finite measure, math E cap A math is measurable. math sigma math finite measures, and measures arising as the restriction of Outer measure outer measures , are saturated. References reflist Category Measures measure theory math stub ... more details
Fats POV date March 2011 Saturated fat is fat that consists of triglyceride s containing only saturation chemistry saturated fatty acid s. Saturated fatty acids have no double bond s between the individual carbon atom s of the fatty acid chain. That is, the chain of carbon atoms is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. There are many kinds of naturally occurring saturated fatty acids, which mainly differ ... fats contain different proportions of saturated and unsaturated fat . Examples of foods containing a high proportion of saturated fat include animal fats such as cream , cheese , butter and ghee suet ... fat saturated.php Saturated fat food sources Verify credibility date April 2010 ref Serum saturated ... profiles While nutrition labels regularly combine them, the saturated fatty acids appear in different ... oils e.g. palm kernel , coconut and dairy products. The saturated fat in meat, egg food eggs ... acid. class wikitable sortable Saturated fat profile of common foods Esterified fatty acids as percentage ... oil 0 0 11 4 div class noprint Fat composition in different foods div Examples of saturated fatty acids Main List of saturated fatty acids Some common examples of fatty acids Butyric acid with 4 ... views and detailed discussion, see Saturated fat and cardiovascular disease controversy The mainstream medical, heart health and government authorities advise that saturated fat is a risk ... heart health prevention healthy eating saturated fat.aspx title Saturated Fat accessdate 2010 ... title Reduce saturated fat urges Heart Foundation after major review accessdate 2010 12 22 ref ref ... What is the effect of saturated fat intake on increased risk of cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes? . Retrieved March 13, 2011. ref According to this view, fats that are high in saturated ... healthful than fats with a lower proportion of saturated fatty acids and higher proportions ... between saturated fat and cardiovascular disease, with various conclusions class wikitable Systematic ... more details
The saturated squeeze is a type of Squeeze play bridge squeeze play in the card game of Contract bridge Bridge . The key feature of the saturated squeeze is that it involves threats in all four suits, and all four threats are necessary for the squeeze to function. Accordingly, saturated squeezes can only occur in notrump contracts, and they are always non simultaneous, with each defender being squeezed in turn as one or more winners are cashed in a suit guarded by the other defender. At least 20 positions exist, with different arrangements of menaces and entries. The following diagram demonstrates the simplest form of saturated squeeze table class wikitable align left style width 300px tr td style width 33 background color FFFFFF colspan 2 rowspan 4 td td style width 3 color 0 td td style width 30 td td style width 33 background color FFFFFF colspan 2 rowspan 4 td tr tr td style color FF0000 td td td tr tr td style color FF0000 td td AK9 td tr tr td style color 000000 td td A2 td tr tr td style width 3 td td style width 30 A td td colspan 2 rowspan 4 align center style background color 008000 color FFFFFF p align center N p align center W& 160 & 160 & 160 & 160 & 160 & 160 & 160 & 160 & 160 E p align center S td td style width 3 td td style width 30 K td tr tr td style width 3 color FF0000 td td style width 30 A td td style width 3 color FF0000 td td style width 30 K td tr tr td style width 3 color FF0000 td td style width 30 QJ10 td td style width 3 color FF0000 td td style width 30 td tr tr td style width 3 td td style width 30 td td style width 3 td td style width 30 QJ10 td tr tr td style width 33 background color FFFFFF colspan 2 rowspan 4 td td style width 3 td td style ... complex saturated squeeze ending table class wikitable align left style width 300px tr td style ... suits. br clear all Reference Saturated Squeezes, Bridge World, August 2003, p. 4. Clear DEFAULTSORT Saturated Squeeze Category Bridge squeezes ... more details
orphan date April 2010 Saturation mutagenesis is a form of site directed mutagenesis , in which one tries to generate all possible or as close to as possible mutations at a specific site, or narrow region of a gene. This is a common technique used in directed evolution . Further reading cite journal last Reetz first M. T. coauthors Carballeira J. D. year 2007 title Iterative saturation mutagenesis ISM for rapid directed evolution of functional enzymes url journal Nature Prot. volume 2 issue 4 pages 891 903 doi 10.1038 nprot.2007.72 pmid 17446890 cite journal last Chica first Robert A. coauthors et al. year 2005 title Semi rational approaches to engineering enzyme activity combining the benefits of directed evolution and rational design url pmid 15994074 journal Current Opinion in Biotechnology volume 16 issue 4 pages 378 384 doi 10.1016 j.copbio.2005.06.004 DEFAULTSORT Saturated Mutagenesis Category Molecular genetics Category Mutagenesis ... more details
In experimental physics, saturated absorption is a set up that enables the precise determination of the transition frequency of an atom between its ground state and an optically excited state. The accuracy to which these frequencies can be determined should ideally be only limited by the width of the excited state , which is the inverse of the lifetime of this state. However, the samples of atomic gas that are used to that purpose are at room temperature, where the measured frequency distribution is highly broadened due to the Doppler effect . Saturated absorption allows precise spectroscopy of the atomic levels without having to cool the sample down to temperatures where the Doppler broadening is no longer relevant which would be on the order of a few millikelvins . It is also used to lock the frequency of a laser to the precise wavelength of an atom in atomic physics experiments. Doppler broadening of the absorption spectrum of an atom According to the description of an atom interacting with the electromagnetic field , the atom absorption of light depends on the frequency of the incident field. More precisely, the absorption is characterized by a lorentzian of width math Gamma 2 math math Gamma 6 math MHz for the atom of Rubidium for example ref http steck.us alkalidata Alkali D line Data, D. A. Steck ref . If we have a cell of atomic vapour at room temperature, then the distribution of velocity will follow a Maxwell Boltzmann distribution math n v dv frac Nm sqrt 2 pi k B T e frac mv 2 2k B T dv math where N is the number of atoms, math k B math the Boltzmann constant , m the mass of the atom. According to the Doppler effect formula in the case of non relativistic speeds ... and not by the fundamental width of the resonance. Principle of saturated absorption To overcome ... especially when using a synchronous detection . The description of the principle of saturated ... courses phy4803L group III sat absorbtion SatAbs.pdf Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy of Rubidium ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Saturated Surface dry is defined as the condition of an aggregate where the surfaces of the particles are saturated i.e. surface adsorption would no longer take place but the inter particle voids are otherwise dry. In this condition aggregates will not affect the free water content of a composite material. If the mass of an oven dried test sample M sub dry sub is compared to the mass of a saturated surface dry M sub ssd sub sample, the water adsorption A can be calculated math A frac M ssd M dry M dry math Bibliography cite web url http www.cement.org tech faq saturated.asp title What is meant by saturated surface dry condition of aggregates? accessdate 2008 02 11 material stub Category Concrete Category Building materials Category Materials ... more details
File ECS.PNG thumb 200px Saturated calomel electrode The Saturated calomel electrode SCE is a reference electrode based on the reaction between elemental Mercury element mercury and mercury I chloride . The aqueous phase in contact with the mercury and the mercury I chloride Hg sub 2 sub Cl sub 2 sub , Mercury I chloride calomel is a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water. The electrode is normally linked via a porous frit to the solution in which the other electrode is immersed. This porous frit is a salt bridge . In cell notation the electrode is written as math Cl big 4M big big Hg 2Cl 2 big s big big Hg big l big big Pt math Theory of operation The electrode is based on the redox reaction math text Hg 2 2 2 text e rightleftarrows 2 text Hg l math The Nernst equation for this reaction is math E E 0 text Hg 2 2 text Hg frac RT 2F ln frac 1 a text Hg 2 2 math where E sup 0 sup is the standard electrode potential for the reaction and a sub Hg sub is the activity chemistry activity for the mercury cation the activity for a liquid of 1 Molar is 1 . This activity can be found from the Solubility equilibrium solubility product of the reaction math text Hg 2 2 2 text Cl rightleftarrows text Hg 2 text Cl 2 text s , qquad K text sp a text Hg 2 2 a text Cl 2 math By replacing the activity in the Nernst equation with the value in the solubility equation, we get math E E 0 text Hg 2 2 text Hg frac RT 2F ln K text sp frac RT 2F ln a 2 text Cl math The only variable in this equation is the activity or concentration of the chloride anion. But since the inner solution is saturated with potassium chloride, this activity is fixed by the solubility of potassium chloride. When saturated the redox potential of the calomel electrode is 0.2444 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode SHE at 25 C, but slightly higher when the chloride solution is less than saturated. For example, a 3.5M ... FOR A SATURATED CALOMEL ELECTRODE journal Science volume 93 issue 2425 pages 601 602 year 1941 month ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In organic chemistry , a saturated compound is a chemical compound that has of a chain of carbon atom s linked together by single bond s and has hydrogen atoms filling all of the other bonding orbital s of the carbon atoms. Alkane s are an example of saturated compounds. An unsaturated compound is a chemical compound that contains carbon carbon double bond s or triple bond s, such as those found in alkene s or alkyne s, respectively. Saturated and unsaturated compounds need not consist only of a carbon atom chain. They can have functional groups, as well. It is in this sense that fatty acid s are classified as saturated fat saturated or unsaturated fat unsaturated . The amount of unsaturation of a fatty acid can be determined by finding its iodine number . In a chain of carbons, such as a fatty acid , a double or triple bond will cause a kink in the chain. These kinks have macro structural implications. Unsaturated fats tend to be liquid at room temperature, rather than solid , due to the kinks in the chain. The kinks prevent the molecule s from packing closely together to form a solid. These fats are called oil s and are present in fish and plant s. In other unsaturated hydrocarbon s, the double bond between two carbons prevents rotation of the atom s about the bond, locking them into specific structural formations. When attached atoms occupy similar positions on each carbon, they are referred to as cis trans isomerism cis , and when they are on opposite sides, they are called cis trans isomerism trans . Most natural hydrocarbons exist in the cis state, but artificially manufactured hydrocarbons are trans. The body lacks the enzyme s to properly break down the trans configuration. This is why trans fats are viewed as dangerous and unhealthy, as they tend to build up. Unsaturated compounds of the two formations are classified as geometric isomer s of one another. See also Saturation chemistry DEFAULTSORT Unsaturated Compound ... more details
main Saturated fat class wikitable Common Name Systematic Name Structural Formula Lipid Numbers Propionic acid Propanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub COOH C3 0 Butyric acid Butanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 2 sub COOH C4 0 Valeric acid Pentanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 3 sub COOH C5 0 Caproic acid Hexanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 4 sub COOH C6 0 Enanthic acid Heptanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 5 sub COOH C7 0 Caprylic acid Octanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 6 sub COOH C8 0 Pelargonic acid Nonanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 7 sub COOH C9 0 Capric acid Decanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 8 sub COOH C10 0 Undecylic acid Undecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 9 sub COOH C11 0 Lauric acid Dodecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 10 sub COOH C12 0 Tridecylic acid Tridecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 11 sub COOH C13 0 Myristic acid Tetradecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 12 sub COOH C14 0 Pentadecylic acid Pentadecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 13 sub COOH C15 0 Palmitic acid Hexadecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 14 sub COOH C16 0 Margaric acid Heptadecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 15 sub COOH C17 0 Stearic acid Octadecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 16 sub COOH C18 0 Nonadecylic acid Nonadecanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 17 sub COOH C19 0 Arachidic acid Eicosanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 18 sub COOH C20 0 Heneicosylic acid Heneicosanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 19 sub COOH C21 0 Behenic acid Docosanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 20 sub COOH C22 0 Tricosylic acid Tricosanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 21 sub COOH C23 0 Lignoceric acid Tetracosanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 22 sub COOH C24 0 Pentacosylic acid Pentacosanoic acid CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub sub 23 sub COOH C25 0 Cerotic ... sub sub 34 sub COOH C36 0 See also Carboxylic acid Dicarboxylic acid Fatty acids DEFAULTSORT List Of Saturated ... more details
Citation style date September 2009 The parametric array is a nonlinear transducer transduction mechanism that generates narrow, nearly sidelobe free beams of low frequency sound, through the mixing and interaction of high frequency sound wave s, effectively overcoming the diffraction limit a kind of spatial uncertainty principle associated with linear acoustics. ref cite book last Beyer first Robert T title Nonlinear Acoustics chapter Preface to the Original Edition url http asa.aip.org books nonlinear.html Preface1 ref Parametric arrays can be formed in water, ref name nonlinear underwater acoustics book cite book last1 Novikov first1 B. K. last2 Rudenko first O. V. last3 Timoshenko first3 V. I. others Translated by Robert T. Beyer title Nonlinear Underwater Acoustics url http asa.aip.org books nonuw.html ref air, ref http dx.doi.org 10.1121 1.384959 Experimental study of a saturated parametric array in air ref and earth materials rock. ref http dx.doi.org 10.1121 1.403453 Finite amplitude wave studies in earth materials ref ref http www.lanl.gov orgs ees ees11 geophysics nonlinear pubs ... of the parametric array owes to Peter Westervelt Peter J. Westervelt , ref http scitation.aip.org ... Peter Westervelt and the parametric array ref winner of the Lord Rayleigh Medal ref http www.ioa.org.uk ... 554 and Albers 17 , the concept for the parametric array occurred to Dr. Westervelt while he was stationed ... by Captain H.J. Round British pioneer of the superheterodyne receiver via the parametric array mechanism. The phenomenon of the parametric array,seen first experimentally by Westervelt in the 1950s ... Lemelson MIT Prize MIT Lemelson Prize for his application of the parametric array to commercial ... 2 , 179 186. 2 Peter J. Westervelt, Parametric Acoustic Array , Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ... Imaging Computed Tomography by Parametric Acoustic Array Y. Nakagawa M. Nakagawa M. Yoneyama M. Kikuchi IEEE 1984 Ultrasonics Symposium Volume , Issue , 1984 Page s 673 676 DEFAULTSORT Parametric Array ... more details
orphan date December 2008 For the DVD magazine, see Array DVD magazine Deleted image removed Image ARRAY magazine.jpg right 150px ARRAY Magazine is a New York based interior design, lifestyle and culture quarterly magazine sponsored by the New York Design Center . It has been published since the winter of 2003 2004. With 40,000 readers, ARRAY is geared toward interior design professionals and their clients. External links http www.arrayny.com ARRAY Homepage Category Interior design Category Quarterly magazines Category Media in New York City Category Publications established in 2003 Category Magazines published in New York art mag stub hu ARRAY Magazine ... more details
multiple issues confusing January 2010 notability January 2010 unreferenced January 2010 orphan July 2010 wikify January 2011 Control Array mostly used in Visual Basic is the collection of controls that programmer put it in form VB Form . Control array is always a single dimensional array . Control array is that you can add or delete array elements at run time. With some controls, it is very useful to define control arrays it depends on the application. Control arrays are a convenient way to handle groups of controls that perform a similar function. All of the events available to the single control are still available to the array of controls, the only difference being an argument indicating the index of the selected array element is passed to the event. Hence, instead of writing individual procedures for each control i.e. not using control arrays , you only have to write one procedure for each array. Category BASIC programming language family ... more details
File Aerial antenna.JPG thumb right 250px A multiband US television reception antenna Antenna array may refer to an Interferometry interferometric array of radio telescope s used in radio astronomy a phased array , also known as a smart antenna , an electronically steerable directional antenna typically used in Radar and in wireless communication systems, in view to achieve beamforming , multiple input and multiple output MIMO communication or space time coding See below An antenna array is a group of isotropic radiators such that the currents running through them are of different amplitudes and phases. ref name antenna array These are radiators of EM frequency and energy. Antenna arrays are the solution to the problem defined as the limitations of operating a single antenna. ref name antenna array An example of the problem is that although a dipole antenna allows for better control of direction ... radiators. ref name antenna array There are a few different general types of antenna arrays. When the array is arranged in a straight line this is called a linear array . ref name antenna array Antennas arranged in parallel lines on one plane has a plane array in two dimensions. ref name antenna array Many planes in a group of arrays or antennas results in a three dimensional array . An antenna array may consist of a group of isotropic omni directional radiators. Or, the array may have a group of radiators that are identical. ref name antenna array In a group of identical radiators all the antennas must be share the same orientation in space. ref name antenna array The same orientation results ... orientation ensures polarization in the same direction in space. ref name antenna array cite book ...&pg PA396&dq antenna array v onepage&q antenna 20array&f false isbn 8122404685 ref The gain of an antenna array is typically proportional to the number of individual antennas, but is limited to how accurately they can be phased together for example in a phased array . The loss due to phase ... more details
In MIMO communication systems, array gain means a power gain of transmitted signals that is achieved by using multiple antennas at transmitter and or receiver, with respect to Single Input and Single Output SISO case. It can be simply called power gain . In a broadside array, the array gain is almost exactly proportional to the length of the array. This is the almost always the case provided that the elements of the antenna are not spaced to a point at which large radiation side lobs form in other directions and that the array length exceeds one or two wavlenegths. ref http www.smeter.net daily facts 12 fact5.php ref References reflist See also Diversity gain Category Antennas radio electronics stub ... more details
Array processing is signal processing of the outputs of an array of sensor s to Enhance the signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR compared to that of a single sensor using conventional or adaptive beamforming . Determine the number of emitting sources, the locations of these sources, their waveforms , and other signal parameters. Track multiple moving sources. Array processing is used in radar , sonar , seismic exploration, anti jamming and wireless communications. One of the main advantages of using array processing along with an array of sensors is a smaller foot print. The problems associated with array processing include the number of sources used, their direction of arrival direction of arrivals , and their signal waveforms . ref Torlak, M. http users.ece.utexas.edu bevans courses ee381k lectures 13 Array Processing lecture13 lecture13.pdf Spatial Array Processing . Signal and Image Processing Seminar. University of Texas at Austin. ref See also Phased Array Space Time Adaptive Processing References reflist cite book title Array Signal Processing last1 Johnson first1 D. H. last2 Dudgeon first2 D. E. year 1993 publisher Prentice Hall cite book first1 H. L. last1 Van Trees title Optimum Array Processing publisher Wiley location New York year 2002 cite journal first1 H. last1 Krim first2 M. last2 Viberg url http www.vissta.ncsu.edu publications ahk spm1996.pdf title Two Decades of Array Signal Processing Research journal IEEE Signal Processing Magazine pages 67 94 month July year 1996 accessdate 8 December 2010 S. Haykin and K.J.R. Liu Editors , Handbook on Array Processing and Sensor Networks , Adaptive and Learning Systems for Signal Processing, Communications, and Control Series, 2010. E. Tuncer and B. Friedlander Editors , Classical and Modern Direction of Arrival Estimation , Academic Press, 2010. A.B. Gershman, http www.nts.tu darmstadt.de nt fileadmin nas lehre SS 08 PS Smart Antennas slides proj sem.pdf array processing courseware DEFAULTSORT Array Processing ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A sensor array is a set of several sensors used to gather information. Usually the sensors and sensed phenomenon are both directional in nature, but this isn t always the case. Sometimes the data varies by position but not by direction. DEFAULTSORT Sensor Array Category Sensors Electronics stub ... more details
In computer science , a sparse array is an Array data structure array in which most of the elements have the same value known as the default value usually 0 or nullable type null . A naive implementation of an array may allocate space for the entire array, but in the case where there are few non default values, this implementation is inefficient. Typically the algorithm used instead of an ordinary array is determined by other known features or statistical features of the array, for instance if the sparsity is known in advance, or if the elements are arranged according to some function e.g. occur in blocks . As an example, a spreadsheet containing 100 100 mostly empty cells might be more efficiently stored as a linked list rather than an array containing ten thousand array elements. A heap malloc memory allocator inside a program might choose to store regions of blank space inside a linked list rather than storing all of the allocated regions in, say a bit array . so what? blank space is not an indexed array sparse or not , indeed See also Sparse matrix External links http boost.org libs numeric ublas doc vector sparse.htm Boost sparse vector class http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 1363086&jmp cit&coll GUIDE&dl GUIDE Rodolphe Buda, Two Dimensional Aggregation Procedure An Alternative to the Matrix Algebraic Algorithm , Computational Economics , 31 4 , May, pp.397 408, 2008. Category Arrays datastructure stub ru ... more details
A Commission of Array was a Letters patent commission given by England English royalty to officers or gentry in a given territory to muster and array the inhabitants and to see them in a condition for war, or to put soldier s of a country in a condition for military service. The term arrayers is used in some ancient English statutes, for an officer who had a Commission of Array. Commissions of array developed from the ancient obligation of all free men to defend their country. Commissioners were usually experienced soldiers, appointed by the crown to array able bodied men from each shire. By the time of the Wars of the Roses conscript levies were less important than troops raised by indenture. Though obsolete by the 17th century, the system was revived by Charles I of England Charles I in 1642 in opposition to the 1641 Militia Ordinance that gave Parliament of England Parliament control of raising troops in order to muster a Cavalier Royalist army at the onset of the English Civil War . See also Arrayer Posse comitatus common law Posse comitatus References 1828 Webster s Dictionary 1728 http digicoll.library.wisc.edu cgi bin HistSciTech HistSciTech idx?type turn&entity HistSciTech000900240187&isize L DEFAULTSORT Commission Of Array Category English Civil War Category Military history of the United Kingdom Category Command staff occupations England stub Mil hist stub UK hist stub th ... more details
In computer architecture , a systolic array is a pipe network arrangement of processing units called ... array is composed of matrix like rows of data processing units called cells. Data processing units ... , ref The Paracel GeneMatcher series of systolic array processors do have a program counter. More complicated .... The systolic array is often rectangular where data flows across the array between neighbour ... the ports of the array are generated by auto sequencing memory units, ASMs. Each ASM includes ... math matrix is fed in a row at a time from the top of the array and is passed down the array, the other matrix is fed in a column at a time from the left hand side of the array and passes from left ... column. At this point, the result of the multiplication is stored in the array and can now be output a row or a column at a time, flowing down or across the array. Systolic arrays are arrays of DPUs ... a sequence of operations on data that flows between them. Because the traditional systolic array ... wavefront arrays . One well known systolic array is Carnegie Mellon University s iWarp processor, which has been manufactured by Intel. An iWarp system has a linear array processor connected by data buses going in both directions. History The systolic array paradigm, data stream driven by data ... driven by a program counter. Because a systolic array usually sends and receives multiple data streams ... is math y ... a n x a n 1 x a n 2 x a n 3 x ... a 1 x a 0 math A linear systolic array in which ... to build Super Systolic Array The super systolic array is a generalization of the systolic array ... Kress has introduced the generalized systolic array the super systolic array. Its application is not restricted ... version of the super systolic array. More information about the background may be obtained from the articles about Systolic array, Reconfigurable Computing , Configware Compiler , super systolic array and Configware Software Co Compilation Configware Software Co Compiler . Because of the wide ... more details
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