Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A refluxsuppressant is any one of a number of Medication drugs used to combat oesophageal reflux . Commonly, following ingestion a raft of alginic acid is created, floating on the stomach contents by carbon dioxide released by the drug. This forms a mechanical barrier to further reflux. Some preparations also contain antacid s to protect the oesophagus . Reflux can also be coincidentally reduced by the Category Motility stimulants motility stimulants and antidopaminergic s. DEFAULTSORT RefluxSuppressant Category Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal system and metabolism th ... more details
This article is about using reflux in chemical engineering and chemistry. For the reflux of stomach acids, see articles on heartburn , gastroesophageal reflux disease , and laryngopharyngeal reflux . For the reflux of bile into the stomach and esophagus, see biliary reflux . For the reflux of urine , see vesicoureteral reflux . Reflux is a technique involving the condensation of vapors and the return ... a long period of time. Reflux in industrial distillation Image Distillation Column.png frame right Diagram of a typical industrial distillation column The term reflux ref cite book author Kister, Henry ... gas processing plants. In that context, reflux refers to the portion of the overhead liquid ... reflux liquid provides cooling and condensation of the upflowing vapors thereby increasing the efficiency of the distillation column. The more reflux provided for a given number of theoretical ... materials. Conversely, for a given desired separation, the more reflux is provided, the fewer theoretical plates are required. DIV style clear both Reflux to apply energy to chemical reactions Image Reflux labled.svg thumb 200px Laboratory reflux apparatus for adding energy to a chemical reaction ... reflux apparatus for applying energy to chemical reactions. It includes an optional beaker of water ... . Reflux in laboratory distillation Image Fractional distillation lab apparatus.svg thumb 225px Laboratory apparatus using reflux to supply energy to chemical reactions. An Erlenmeyer flask is used ... mixture enters in the middle of the column. DIV style clear both Reflux in beverage distillation By controlling the temperature of the condenser, a reflux still may be used to ensure that higher boiling ... columns all of which use reflux Image Reflux apparatus numbered.svg Organic synthesis apparatus using reflux gallery Distillation Category Distillation Category Chemical processes Category ... R ckflussk hler et Flegma es Reflujo fr Chauffage reflux nl Reflux chemie ja ru ... more details
Biliary reflux or duodenogastric reflux is a condition that occurs when biliary fluid flows upward refluxes from the small intestine into the stomach and esophagus . It is different from Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD , which happens when the stomach acid s flow into the esophagus. Symptoms Frequent heartburn Nausea Vomit ing Biliary reflux often confused with acid reflux, should not be left untreated Biliary reflux has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Barrett s Oesophagus. Gastro oesophageal reflux disease is typically thought of as an acid reflux problem. However, studies have shown that biliary reflux can be a contributing factor in oesophageal complications of the disease. Incidence of Barrett s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma is greater among patients with biliary reflux and excessive duodenogastric reflux has been implicated in the etiology of antral gastric ulcers and gastritis. Causes Most damage to the pyloric valve occurs as a complication of gastric surgery. Other causes of biliary refluxreflux include Peptic ulcer Gallbladder surgery cholecystectomy External links http www.medhelp.org posts GERD Acid Reflux biliary reflux syndrome show 1028354 Biliary reflux Category Disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas ru ... more details
Refimprove date June 2008 Vesicouretic reflux is a condition in which normal compression of the urinary bladder bladder during urination results in an abnormal backflow of urine into the kidney s. It is the second most common renal disease in children. ref Name Trull cite book last Trull first authorlink coauthors Andrew K. Trull, Lawrence M. Demers, David W. Holt, Atholl Johnston, Christopher P. Price, J. Michael Tredger title Biomarkers of Disease An Evidence Based Approach publisher Cambridge University Press date 2002 location url http books.google.com books?id cg0lyqSKUY8C&pg PA50&dq 22Vesicouretic reflux 22&as brr 3&client firefox a&sig FaqgRo3Ku0MABK mAUPzuxiFZ8 doi isbn 0521811023 page 50 ref Over a period of weeks, months or years, this leads to kidney infection , permanent scar ring of kidney tissue, high blood pressure , and if left untreated, renal failure . It is a congenital defect related to the bladder and or ureters, and can be hereditary. Symptoms Painful urination and recurrent symptoms of kidney infection. Treatment Depending on the severity of the reflux, surgery is usually recommended. Low grade reflux often resolves on its own as the child grows, and this type of reflux does not require surgery however close monitoring and special antibiotics must be administered. High grade reflux can benefit from surgery, of which a selection of techniques are described below. Bladder augmentation to reduce pressure in the bladder during urination. Ureter repositioning has emerged in the 1990s. Ureter repositioning is less complicated to perform than bladder augmentation and so far has proved to suffer from less complications post surgery. The refluxing ureter or urinary tube is repositioned or re implanted in the bladder wall. The end of the ureter is surrounded by bladder muscle in this new position in the bladder, which prevents urine from refluxing toward the kidneys ... to collect in the bladder to prevent further kidney damage due to reflux. Prognosis Provided an early ... more details
Laryngopharyngeal reflux LPR , ref name cornell http www.nycornell.org ent Laryngopharyngeal.reflux.html Laryngopharyngeal Reflux , New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center ref ref name about http heartburn.about.com od gastrictractdisorders a whatis LPR.htm Laryngopharyngeal Reflux LPR , About.com ref also extraesophageal reflux disease EERD ref cite journal author Kahrilas PJ title Maximizing outcome of extraesophageal reflux disease journal Am J Manag Care volume 6 issue 16 Suppl pages S876 82 year 2000 month October pmid 11184658 doi url ref refers to retrograde flow of gastric contents to the upper aero digestive tract , which causes a variety of symptoms, such as cough ... reflux disease GERD , heartburn is present in fewer than 50 of the patients with LPR. Other terms used to describe this condition include atypical reflux , ref Cite web last first title MARCI Kids Midwest Acid Reflux Children s Institute url http www.marci kids.com eerintro.html ... 6 1 cite web url http www.medscape.com viewarticle 471304 title Supraesophageal Reflux Approach ... author Zerbib F, Stoll D title Management of laryngopharyngeal reflux an unmet medical need. journal ... prlinks&id 20067549 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2982.2009.01437.x ref reflux . Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD was recognized as a clinical entity in the mid 1930s and now is the most prevalent ... studies suggested that acid reflux might be a contributory factor in other laryngeal and respiratory ... symptoms and reflux of gastric contents. They also proved that treatment of reflux disease results ... first2 TR. last3 Johnson first3 LF. last4 Skinner first4 DB. title Gastroesophageal reflux and pulmonary ... of hypopharynx findings associated with gastroesophageal reflux in normal volunteers. journal ... with clinical symptoms of LPR, to document reflux as the cause of the symptoms. Once these patients ... Reflist 3 Gastroenterology Respiratory pathology DEFAULTSORT Laryngopharyngeal reflux Category Diseases ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Reflux nephropathy Image Caption DiseasesDB 11209 ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 593.73 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000459 eMedicineSubj radio eMedicineTopic 597 MeshID Reflux nephropathy , RN is a term applied when small and scarred kidneys chronic pyelonephritis , CPN are associated with vesico ureteric reflux VUR . CPN being the most common cause, there are other causes including analgesic nephropathy and obstructive injury. Scarring is essential in developing RN and occurs almost during the first five years of life. The end results of RN are hypertension , proteinuria , CRF and eventually ESRD, end stage renal disease . The term was introduced in 1973. ref name pmid9848795 cite journal author Dillon MJ, Goonasekera CD title Reflux nephropathy journal J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. volume 9 issue 12 pages 2377 83 year 1998 month December pmid 9848795 doi url http jasn.asnjournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9848795 ref ref name pmid4783715 cite journal author Bailey RR title The relationship of vesico ureteric reflux to urinary tract infection and chronic pyelonephritis reflux nephropathy journal Clin. Nephrol. volume 1 issue 3 pages 132 41 year 1973 pmid 4783715 doi url ref Diagnosis It is diagnosed by micturating cystography , scarring can of course be demonstrated by ultrasound or DMSA . Incidence prevalence There is a genetic predisposition, first degree relatives have a great increase in the chance of VUR. The gene frequency is estimated to be 1 600. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children from 2 to 24 months presenting with a UTI should be investigated for VUR. Citation needed date April 2010 Treatment The aim of treatment is to reduce renal scarring. Those children with grade II or worse should receive low dose prophylactic antibiotic s Nitrofurantoin , trimethoprim , cotrimoxazole , cefalexin in those with CRF . Hypertension should be managed with ACE inhibitor or ARB s. Other treatment modalities include surgery endoscopic injection of collagen ... more details
Infobox disease Name Vesicoureteral Reflux ICD10 ICD10 N 13 7 n 10 ICD9 ICD9 593.7 ICDO Image Caption ... Vesicoureteral reflux VUR is an abnormal movement of urine from the urinary bladder bladder into ureter ... reflux the direction of urine wikt flow flow is reversed retrograde . Symptoms Vesicoureteral reflux may present before birth as prenatal hydronephrosis , an abnormal widening of the ureter ... colic flank pain are not symptoms associated with vesicoureteral reflux. Newborns may be lethargy ... flow of urine. Hardikar syndrome can include Vesicoureteral reflux, Hydronephrosis , cleft lip ... tract infections may cause reflux due to the elevated pressures associated with inflammation. ref Institute ... Reflux Grade I reflux into non dilated ureter Grade II reflux into the renal pelvis ... grades will also resolve spontaneously. Diagnosis File Vesicoureteral reflux 004.jpg thumb VCUG demonstrating bilateral Grade III vesicoureteral reflux. The following procedures may be used to diagnose ..., WT, Diaz, M title Summary of the AUA Guideline on Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children ... to treat Vesicoureteral Reflux. It is the material that the surgeon injects around the ureteral opening ... Guideline on Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children. journal The Journal of urology ... reflux to urinary tract infection and chronic pyelonephritis reflux nephropathy journal Clin Nephrol ... W, Maylath J, Shuman I title Relation of age, sex and infection to reflux Data indicating high spontaneous ... journal author Duckett JW title Vesicoureteral reflux a conservative analysis journal Am J Kidney Dis ... url cite journal author King LR, Kazmi SO, Belman AB title Natural history of vesicoureteral reflux ..., et al. title Primary vesicoureteral reflux in infants with a dilated fetal urinary tract journal Eur ... url cite journal author Sargent MA title What is the normal prevalence of vesicoureteral reflux? journal ... Reflux Category Urology de Vesikorenaler Reflux fr Reflux v sico ur t ro r nal it Reflusso ... more details
Infobox disease Name Gastroesophageal reflux disease DiseasesDB 23596 ICD10 ICD10 K 21 k 20 ICD9 ICD9 ... ped 1177 eMedicine2 radio 300 MeshID D005764 Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD , gastro oesophageal reflux disease GORD , gastric reflux disease , or acid reflux disease is chronic symptoms or mucosa ... reflux disease. The Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology ... impaired expulsion of gastric reflux from the esophagus, or a hiatal hernia . These changes may be permanent or temporary transient . Another kind of acid reflux, which causes respiratory and Larynx laryngeal signs and symptoms, is called laryngopharyngeal reflux LPR or extraesophageal reflux disease EERD . Unlike GERD, LPR is unlikely to produce heartburn, and is sometimes called silent reflux ... journal author Kahrilas, PJ title Clinical practice. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. journal New England ... 18923172 ref Chest pain GERD sometimes causes injury of the esophagus. These injuries may include Reflux ... and esophagus. Esophageal stricture s the persistent narrowing of the esophagus caused by reflux induced ... with reflux in the first few months of their life, known as spitting up . ref cite web publisher familydoctor.org ... Spitting Up in Babies ref Most of those children will outgrow their reflux by their first birthday ... with the stomach . This is a complication of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and can be a cause of dysphagia or difficulty swallowing. File Gastroesophageal reflux barium X ray.jpg thumb ... and quickly seen migrating upwards through the entire esophagus. The patient had severe reflux ... the reflux disease and it also allows to monitor GERD patients in regards of their response ... journal title Short term treatment with proton pump inhibitors as a test for gastroesophageal reflux ... inflammatory changes Lymphocytic inflammation non specific Neutrophilic inflammation usually due to reflux or Helicobacter gastritis Eosinophilic esophagitis Eosinophilic inflammation usually due to reflux ... more details
wiktionarypar suppress The term Suppression may refer to Oppression Censorship Voter suppression Cultural suppression Religious intolerance Suppression of religion Suppression of dissent Political suppression Thought suppression , the process of deliberately trying to stop thinking about certain thoughts Weapons Suppressor Suppressive fire Math, science, and technology Compton suppression , in nuclear physics Free energy suppression and other suppressed technology Silence suppression , in telephony Suppression subtractive hybridization , in biochemistry Transient voltage suppression diode Electromagnetic interference suppression, e.g., of electrical noise from switches and motors. Zero suppression , in math and information theory Health and medicine Appetite suppression Bone marrow suppression Suppression eye Flash suppression Reflux suppressant , in medicine Religion Suppression of the Society of Jesus , a canon law canonical suppression in the Catholic church Suppressive Person and the book, The Cause of Suppression , about the Church of Scientology concept Other Fire fighting fire suppression Fire suppression system s Suppressed correlative , a logical fallacy Tohunga Suppression Act 1907 Suppression of Communism Act Wikipedia Oversight Wikipedia Oversighting disambig ... more details
Anexate is the trade name of two different drugs Flumazenil , a benzodiazepine antagonist Mefenorex , a stimulant drug which was used as an appetite suppressant disambig ... more details
Gord may refer to GORD , gastro oesophageal reflux disease, mucosal damage produced by the abnormal reflux of gastric contents into the oesophagus Gord Slavic settlement Gord the Rogue , a fictional character created by Gary Gygax Gord given name , people with the given name Gord disambig fr Gord homonymie ... more details
Impedance pH monitoring is a technique used in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease . ref name pmid19281866 cite journal author Pritchett JM, Aslam M, Slaughter JC, Ness RM, Garrett CG, Vaezi MF title Efficacy of Esophageal Impedance pH Monitoring in Patients With Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, on and off Therapy journal Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. volume 7 issue 7 pages 743 8 year 2009 month March pmid 19281866 doi 10.1016 j.cgh.2009.02.022 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S1542 3565 09 00199 2 ref Patients with ongoing symptoms while on PPI therapy are commonly diagnosed with impedance pH monitoring while continuing their medications. The impedance pH monitoring diagnostic test determines the frequency of reflux episodes and the time relationship of reflux episodes and symptoms. The impedance pH monitoring test determines if the patient s symptoms are related to acid reflux , related to nonacid reflux , or not related to reflux of any type. A positive GERD diagnosis is made if acid or nonacid reflux precedes symptoms in a statistically meaningful manner. Patients with a positive impedance pH monitoring test may benefit from acid reduction therapy such as fundoplication surgery or endoscopic fundoplication techniques. References reflist Digestive system procedures Category Medical tests medicine stub ru uk pH ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Hyponephrosis is the reflux of urine into the kidney s. It is common in newly born children. Category Kidney diseases Category Nephrology medical stub ... more details
Carditis is the inflammation of the heart ref DorlandsDict two 000017437 carditis ref or its surroundings. It is usually studied and treated by specifying it as Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart heart muscle Endocarditis is the inflammation of the endocardium Reflux carditis refers to a possible outcome of esophageal reflux also known as Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD Pancarditis inflammation of the entire heart the epicardium and the myocardium and the endocardium carditis inflammation of the heart References reflist Heart diseases Inflammation disease stub de Karditis it Pancardite fi Syd ntulehdus Category Cardiovascular diseases ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Esophagogastric dissociation is a surgical procedure that is sometimes used to treat gastroesophageal reflux , mainly in neurologically impaired children. treatment stub Category Surgical procedures ... more details
Summary Information Description SEP 225289 is a SNDRI appetite suppressant. Source I created this work entirely by myself. Date Author User Nuklear Nuklear User talk Nuklear talk other versions Licensing self cc by sa 3.0 GFDL migration redundant ... more details
for obesity. The experimental appetite suppressant drug Qnexa is a mixture of Phentermine and Topiramate ... Blurred vision Heartburn Acid reflux Increased libido in females Clumsiness Col 2 of 2 Confusion Diarrhea ... more details
Esophageal pH monitoring is the current gold standard for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease ... method to document reflux disease, assess the severity of the disease and monitor the response of the disease to medical or surgical treatment. It can also be used in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux ... monitoring of the distal esophagus. A quantitative measure of gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Gastroenterol ... of esophageal acid exposure and they developed a composite pH score to quantify gastroesophageal reflux ... Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD is a common disease in western countries. In the United ... of acid reflux in the esophagus ref Tefera L, Fein M and Ritter MP et al., Can the combination of symptoms and endoscopy confirm the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease?, Am Surg 63 ... reflux disease pathophysiology relating to medical and surgical treatment. Annu Rev Med 1999 50 469 506. ref . Therefore, the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD on the basis of symptoms ... for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. In the past, an indwelling nasoesophageal ... 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring on reflux provoking activities. Digestive Diseases & Sciences 1999 44 11 2263 9. ref . This may have resulted in less acid reflux and a false negative test. A catheter ... of esophageal pH monitoring A reflux episode is defined as esophageal pH drop below four. Esophageal ... pH 4 Percent Upright time pH 4 Percent Supine time pH 4 Number of reflux episodes Number of reflux episodes 5 min Longest reflux episode minutes Multichannel intraluminal impedance MII pH monitoring ... and foregut surgeons receive consultations to assess patients with persistent reflux symptoms despite ... of these patients are the results of weak acid or non acid reflux. In 1991 Silny was the first investigator ... in esophageal function testing and gastroesophageal reflux monitoring. J Clin Gastroenterol 2003 ... symptoms despite medical therapy. pH monitoring in laryngopharyngeal reflux Retrograde flow ... more details
pollution , ref name Lancet causes asthma , gastroesophageal reflux disease , post nasal drip , chronic ... about serious illnesses, and reassurance may suffice. Cough suppressant s such as codeine ... bronchitis , and gastroesophageal reflux disease . ref name Review10 The causes of chronic ... suppressant to reduce frequency of the cough until inflammation clears. Inflammation may increase ... reflux In people with unexplained cough gastroesophageal reflux disease should be considered ... reflux in the chest, although, more than half of the people with cough from GERD don t have any ... X ref Other causes of nocturnal cough include asthma , post nasal drip and gastroesophageal reflux ... more details
GER or Ger may refer to Great Eastern Railway , a British railway company formed in 1862 The list of IOC country codes Olympic and List of FIFA country codes FIFA country code for GER Great Eastern Run , a running event in Peterborough , United Kingdom endoplasmic reticulum Granular endoplasmic reticulum , a cell organelle Gross enrolment ratio , a statistical measure used in the education sector and by the UN Gastroesophageal reflux, a less severe form of gastroesophageal reflux disease Gap Excess Ratio, a statistical measure in evolutionary biology for the congruence of tree topology with stratigraphic occurrence Rafael Cabrera Airport IATA code GER disambig fr GER lv GER ja GER ... more details
Hoodia Gum is a chewing gum containing Hoodia gordonii that is being used as an Anorectic appetite suppressant . References http www.msnbc.msn.com id 9802459 NBC Today Show . External links http www.vitapuretech.com Vita Pure Technologies Manufacturer Chewing Gum and Nutritional Supplements http www.zoft.com Zoft Gum Company Manufacturer and Distributor of Functional Chewing Gum Category Gum candy stub ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 24 sub H sub 26 sub N sub 2 sub O sub 4 sub The molecular formula C sub 24 sub H sub 26 sub N sub 2 sub O sub 4 sub molar mass 406.474 g mol may refer to Carvedilol , a non selective beta blocker alpha 1 blocker indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate congestive heart failure Nicodicodeine , an opiate derivative developed as a cough suppressant and analgesic MolFormDisambig ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
