distinguish Pular language Pulaar is a Fula language spoken primarily as a first language by Fula people and Tukolor or Toorobe in the Senegal River valley area traditionally known as Futa Tooro , and further south and east. Pulaar speakers, known as wikt Haalpulaar en Haalpulaar en live in Senegal , Mauritania , Gambia , Guinea Bissau and western Mali . According to Ethnologue there are several dialect differences, but all are inherently intelligible. Pulaar is not to be confused with Pular language Pular , another variety of Fula spoken in Guinea Conakry including the Fouta Jallon region . The Pulaar and Pular varieties of Fula are to some extent mutually intelligible, but require a separate literature. Pulaar is written in a modified Latin alphabet but historically was written in an Arabic alphabet Arabic script known as Ajami script ajami see Fula orthographies . Linguistic features main Fula language The negative accomplished verb form ends in aani . This is slightly different from Maasina Fulfulde and Pular language Pular . any paticularities of this variety of Fula here References http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code fuc Ethnologue page on Pulaar Category Fula language Category Languages of Senegal Fula language Category Languages of Mauritania Fula language Category Languages of the Gambia Fula language Category Languages of Mali Fula language Senegal stub Mauritania stub Gambia stub Mali stub nc lang stub id Bahasa Pulaar it Lingua pulaar sv Pulaar ... more details
Halpulaar lang ff haalpulaar pl. haalpulaar en literally means speak Pulaar in the Fula language of which Pulaar is one variety . Haal is the root for speak in that language. It is used mainly in Senegal and Mauritania to denote the Tukolor Toucouleur and Fula people Fulas , who speak the same language. Category Fula Category Fula language Category Ethnic groups in Senegal Category Ethnic groups in Mauritania ... more details
Fula may refer to Fula people or Fulani, Ful e Fula language or Pulaar, Fulfulde, Fulani Fulani Empire , also known as the Sokoto Caliphate disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. it Fula nl Fula pt Fula ... more details
distinguish Pulaar language Infobox Language name Pular nativename Pular states Guinea , Guinea Bissau , Sierra Leone , Mali region Fouta Jalon in Guinea , Africa speakers 10 16 million familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Senegal Guinea languages Senegal Guinea fam4 Senegambian languages Senegambian fam5 Fula Wolof languages Fula Wolof fam6 Fula language Fula nation iso1 ff iso2 ful script Fula orthographies Guinea Fula alphabet lc1 fuf Pular is a Fula language spoken primarily by Fula people in the Fouta Jalon , in the West African state of Guinea and also into Guinea Bissau , and Sierra Leone , and with a small number of speakers in Mali . It is spoken by 1 million Guineans and is the most widely spoken indigenous language in the country. Some number of native speakers of this variety of Pular also have migrated to other countries in the region, notably Senegal . Pular is not to be confused with Pulaar , another variety spoken natively to the north in Senegambia , Mauritania , and western Mali including the Futa Toro region . It is written in Arabic alphabet Arabic or Ajami script and the Roman alphabet Roman alphabet. Linguistic features main Fula language There are some particularities to this version of Fula, including Use of plural form for politeness such as in German or French, unlike other varieties of Fula A number of separate verbal roots for politeness these may exist only in Pular There is no initial Consonant mutation Fula consonant mutation from singular to plural verb forms as is the case in other varieties of Fula there is in nominal forms, however In addition to the more standard long form pronouns of Fula there are alternate forms in Pular hi l pronoun . The table below summarizes these question marks where the info is not complete someone needs to verify this it is from imperfect memory class wikitable Person number Standard long form pronoun as in Pulaar Corresponding form in Pular 1st sing mi o mi o hilan non ... more details
Languages of country Burkina Faso official French language French national Mossi language Mossi , Fula language Fula , Dioula language Dioula File Avenue kwame nkrumah.png thumb right 300px Commercial signs in French in Ouagadougou File Dourtenga school.JPG thumb right 300px French is the principal language of instruction in Burkinab schools. The official language of Burkina Faso is French language French . In addition, there are about 60 native African languages of which Mossi language Mossi M or , Fula language Fula Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular and Dioula language Dioula Julakan are the three main ones. French is the principal language of administrative, political and judicial institutions, public services, written press, ... It is the only language for laws, administration and courts. 80 of the Burkinab live in rural areas where there is little contact between different communities. As a result, monolingualism is predominant. See also African French External links http www.ethnologue.com show country.asp?name BF Ethnologue listing of Burkina Faso languages Languages of Africa BurkinaFaso stub Category Languages of Burkina Faso fr Langues du Burkina Faso ... more details
The Toucouleurs or Haalpulaar en are a Fula people Fula agricultural people who live primarily in West Africa the north of Senegal where they comprise 15 of the population in the Senegal River valley, Mauritania , and Mali . History The name Toucouleur has a debatable origin, with some sources stating it as a French language French creation meaning all colors , and other sources citing it as a term that predates colonialization meaning people from Tekrur , considering them the descendants of the Iron Age state of Takrur , which would make the present French form popular etymology . Umar Tall founded a jihad state , the Toucouleur Empire , in present Mali in the nineteenth century. People and society The Toucouleurs speak the Futa Tooro Fouta Toro dialect of Fula language Pulaar Fula . They call themselves Haapulaar en , which means those who speak Pulaar . They are largely Muslim , although a small number are animist . Culturally, the Toucouleur only differ from other Fulas by the sedentary nature of their society. Toucouleur society is patriarchy patriarchal and divided into strict hierarchy hierarchies , with 12 caste s subdivided into 3 classes. Marriage When girls turn thirteen years old, they are considered eligible for marriage, or dewgal , which is arranged by her parents. While the bride to be celebrates with her friends, the groom goes to the mosque to validate the marriage. Later, the bride and her family go to the husband s house, where they will sit with elders and discuss the marriage. The next day, the bride s aunt will determine if the girl is a virgin, and then bathe and massage her. The bride greets the village and then her husband, and food is prepared, and eventually the celebration ends. Childbirth and naming One week after p mbougale childbirth , the baby is named and a googo sister of the father cuts its hair. The father tells the marabout the name he has chosen, after which the marabout whispers the name in the infant s ear and prays. Followin ... more details
Image FoutaToro1818.jpg thumb A town in Futa Tooro, portrayed by an 18th century European artist. File Senegalvalleystatesc1850.png thumb Futa Tooro and neighbors, circa 1850. see also Kingdom of Fouta Tooro Futa Tooro refers to the region on the Senegal River in what is now northern Senegal and southern Mauritania . The word Fuuta was a general name the Fulbe gave to any area they lived in, while Tooro was the actual identity of the region for its inhabitants. The people of the kingdom spoke Pulaar, a dialect of the greater Fula language Fula languages spanning West Africa from Senegal to Nigeria . They identified themselves by the language giving rise to the name Haalpulaar en meaning those who speak Pulaar. The Haalpulaar en are also known as Toucouleur s var. Tukolor , a name derived from the ancient state of Tekrur . Tekrur was a successor state to the earlier Ghana empire Ghana and Mali empire s which ruled this relatively fertile bend of the Senegal River until the 15th century. The state of Denanke 1495 1514 1776 saw the origin of the modern Tukolor people. Migrations of the Fulbe left states in Fouta Tooro and Fouta Djallon to the south. In Fouta Tooro, the population became a unique mixture of Fula and Manding peoples who are today the Toucouleur s. The region converted to Islam in the early eighteenth century. The rise of the Kingdom of Fouta Tooro in 1776 sparked a series of Islamic reform movements where small clans of educated Fula Sufi Muslims the Toorobe seized power in states across West Africa. In the 1780s Abdul Kader became almaami religious leader or imam but his forces were unable to spread revolution to the surrounding states. ref http www.oxfordislamicstudies.com article opr t125 e688? hi 3& pos 1 ref The Kingdom of Fouta Tooro later became the inspiration and the prime recruiting ground for the jihad s of Toucouleur conqueror al Hajj Umar Tall and anti colonial rebel al Hajj Mahmadu Lamine . Despite resistance, the Futa Tooro was firmly in t ... more details
Image Yoff Tonghor.jpg thumb right 300px Supermarket sign in French in Dakar. File MaggiSenegal.jpg thumb right 300px A bilingual commercial sign in Wolof and French File Francophonie au S n gal.jpg thumb right 300px Knowledge of the French language in Senegal. In 2005, 10 of the Senegalese people were real French speakers whereas 21 were partially French speaking. Estimation made by the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie http 20mars.francophonie.org IMG pdf FICHE 03 Nombre de francophones.pdf . Senegal is a multilingual country Ethnologue lists 36 languages French language French , which was inherited from the Colonialism colonial era , is the official language of Senegal . It is used by the administration and understood by about 15 20 of all males and about 1 2 of all women ref http www.tlfq.ulaval.ca axl afrique senegal.htm ref . Several of the Senegalese languages have the status of national language s Balanta Ganja Hassaniyya Jola language Jola Fonyi Mandinka language Mandinka Mandjak Mankanya Noon Serer Noon Fula language Pulaar Seereer Siin language Seereer Siin Soninke language Soninke and Wolof language Wolof . In terms of usage, Wolof language Wolof is the lingua franca and the most widely spoken language in Senegal, as a first or second language 80 Citation needed date October 2010 . Wolof is related to Fula language Fula Pulaar , which is also spoken by a large part of the population. Mande language s spoken include Soninke language Soninke , and Mandinka language Mandinka . Jola language Jola Diola is a main language in the Casamance region. References references External links Portalbox Senegal Language http www.pcsenegal.org language.html Local language resources from Peace Corps Senegal http www.ethnologue.com show country.asp?name SN Ethnologue page on Senegal http www.panafril10n.org wikidoc pmwiki.php PanAfrLoc Senegal PanAfrican L10n page on Senegal http www.tlfq.ulaval.ca axl afrique senegal.htm Linguistic situation in Senegal In Fre ... more details
Infobox Language name Fula or Fulani nativename Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular states Mauritania , Senegal , Mali , Guinea , Burkina Faso , Niger , Nigeria , Cameroon , Gambia , Chad , Sierra Leone , Benin , Guinea Bissau , Sudan , Central African Republic , C te d Ivoire , Ghana , Togo speakers 10 16 million familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Senegal Guinea languages Senegal Guinea fam4 Senegambian languages Senegambian fam5 Fula Wolof languages Fula Wolof nation iso1 ff iso2 ful iso3 ful lc1 fub ld1 Adamawa Fulfulde lc2 fui ld2 Bagirmi Fulfulde lc3 fue ld3 Borgu Fulfulde lc4 fuq ld4 Central Eastern Niger Fulfulde lc5 ffm ld5 Maasina Fulfulde lc6 fuv ld6 Nigerian Fulfulde lc7 fuc ld7 Pulaar lc8 fuf ld8 Pular language Pular lc9 fuh ld9 Western Niger Fulfulde The Fula or Fulani language lang ff Fulfulde or Pulaar or Pular lang fr Peul is a language of West Africa . It is spoken as a first language by the Fula people unicode Ful e Fula or Fulani people and related groups such as the Tukulor in the Senegal River Valley from Senegambia geography Senegambia and Guinea to Cameroon and Sudan . It is also spoken as a second language by peoples in various areas of the region. Nomenclature There are several names applied to the language, just as there are to the Fula people . They call their language Pulaar or Pular in the western dialects and Fulfulde in the central and eastern dialects. Fula h and Fulani in English come originally from Manding languages ... linguistique Le cas du pulaar fulfulde. In N. Cyffer, ed., Language Standardization in Africa ... calle Pular Fuuta Jalon to distinguish it from Pulaar in Senegal. But never have I heard anyone ... from Pulaar of Senegal and Gambia. 2,550,000 speakers in Guinea 1991 50,000 speakers in Mali ... and others. Western Pulaar Mauritania, Senegal and The Gambia Writing systems Main Fula orthographies ... 90740 Ethnologue entry for Fula http www.isp.msu.edu AfrLang Fula root.htm FULA Fulfulde, Pulaar, Fulani ... more details
Infobox Former Country conventional long name Kingdom of Fouta Tooro common name Toorobe Almamate continent Africa region Western Africa country Senegal era government type Monarchy event start year start 1725 date start event end year end 1861 date end event1 Toorobe Islamic Revolution date event1 event2 Fractured state absorbed into Tukulor Empire date event2 event3 Incorporated into Senegal Colony date event3 1877 p1 Empire of Great Fulo flag p1 s1 Tukulor Empire flag s1 s2 French West Africa flag s2 Flag of France.svg image flag flag image map Fula jihad states map general c1830.png image map caption The Fulani Jihad States of West Africa, c. 1830. capital Timbo common languages Pulaar language religion Sunni Islam currency leader1 Abdul Kaader leader2 Unknown last year leader1 1776 1804 year leader2 1804 1859 title leader Almaami footnotes The Kingdom of Fouta Tooro or the Kingdom of Fuua Tooro 1776 1861 was a pre colonial West Africa n state of the Fula language Fula speaking people Fula people Ful e and Toucouleur s centered around the middle valley of the Senegal River . The region is known as Futa Tooro . Origins The word Fuuta was a general name the Fulbe gave to any area they lived in, while Tooro was the actual identity of the region for its inhabitants. The people of the kingdom spoke Pulaar, a dialect of the greater Fula language Fula languages spanning West Africa from Senegal to Nigeria . They identified themselves by the language giving rise to the name Haalpulaar en meaning those who speak Pulaar. The Haalpulaar en are also known as Toucouleur s, a name derived from the ancient state of Tekrur . Denanke period From 1495 to 1776, the Fulbe people were under the control of the Denanke Kingdom . The Fulbe leadership of Denanke were non Muslim s that ruled over most of Senegal. By the 18th century, the kingdom was severely weakened by a combination of North African invaders and growing resentment amongst the largely Muslim lower class. Under the unifyi ... more details
Infobox Former Country native name conventional long name Empire of Great Fulo common name Great Fulo continent Africa region Futa Tooro country Senegal era Early Modern Period government type Monarchy year start 1490 year end 1776 event pre date pre event start date start event end date end p1 Mali Empire flag p1 Mali empire flag.jpg s1 Kingdom of Fouta Tooro flag s1 image flag image coat image map WestAfrica1625.png image map caption capital Anyam Godo national motto national anthem common languages Fula language Fula religion currency leader1 Tengella year leader1 1490 1512 title leader King The Empire of Great Fulo , also known as the Denanke Kingdom or Denianke Kingdom was a pre Islamic Pulaar people Pulaar kingdom of Senegal , which dominated the Futa Tooro region. Its population dominated its neighbors through use of cavalry and fought wars against the Mali Empire Mali and Songhai Empire Songhai empires. Tengella 1490 1512 The state began as a violent migration of Fula nomads from Futa Djallon into the Gambia led by Tengella, their first king or manga, in 1490. His attack was directed against the remaining Atlantic provinces of the Mali Empire . Though without a fixed headquarters, Tengella s following grew so large that he was referred to as the Great king of the Fulos or the Great Fulo in Portuguese documents of the same period. From the Gambia he led his forces northeast against the growing Songhai Empire where he was defeated and killed in 1512. Afterwards, power was passed to his son, Koli Tengella. Koli Tengella 1512 1537 Koli Tengella redirected the fledgling state s military away from Songhai towards the Jolof Empire with great success. The growth of the empire of Great Fulo would hasten the breakup of the Jolof state into several warring kingdoms. This was followed by attacks on Mali s bambuk goldfields, which resulted in another serious defeat for the Fula. Koli died in 1537. By then, a fixed capital had been settled in Anyam Godo in what is today S ... more details
infobox software name doomby logo Image Logo doomby.png thumb doomby logo screenshot Image Homepage doomby.png thumb caption doomby website homepage developer http www.awelty.com Awelty latest release version 3.5 latest release date June 2009 operating system Cross platform genre Website creation website http www.doomby.com doomby.com Released in 2009 ref http www.lepost.fr article 2009 11 04 1775620 doomby.html LePost.fr article dated November 4, 2009 ref , doomby is a free online website builder, CMS content management system and web hosting platform. Its integrated web building tools and interfaces incorporate drag and drop and WYSIWYG editors with HTML code and CSS editing to adapt to users existing experience with creating websites, thus enabling its use by novices or experienced website builders. Features Basic accounts are free and include common website features such as blogs, forums, polls and photo albums. A number of optional paid services are also available to users, and include doombyPLUS removing advertising, integrating Google AdSense and expanding file storage etc. , domain registration and an e commerce platform. About doomby The name doomby is inspired by the Pulaar word for mice ndoombi ref http www.senegalaisement.com senegal lexique peul.php Pulaar English dictionary ref a mouse being the logo both for doomby and for its French sister site http www.e monsite.com E monsite . Like those of its French sibling, doomby s members are the principal source of new feature ideas and are actively encouraged to participate in the software s on going development. Corporate history Based in Amiens, France, doomby is published by Awelty SARL and is the global brand name of E monsite France s largest online web building platform ref Source http trends.google.com websites?q weebly.com 2C jimdo.com 2C e monsite.com 2C wix.com 2C wifeo.com&geo FR&date all&sort 0 Google Trends all years data for France, among 5 top ranking website builders ref with over 700,000 web ... more details
Image Central River districts.png thumb right 250px Districts of Central River Division Unreferenced date December 2008 Nianija is one of the ten Districts of The Gambia districts of the Central River Division of The Gambia . Nanija is a predominantly Pulaar speaking region of The Gambia. There are approximately 33 villages in Nianija, the capital of which is Chamen, located at the district s western edge. the chieftaincy has been mostly occupied by members of the Cham clan, the exception being the chieftaincy of Musa Bah of Kaiai village from 2001 to 2005 due to some political issues.But, it eventually went back to the rightful Family the Chams , that is the chieftancy could only be obtained through paternal lineage within the Cham clan. The district s only school serving grades 7 9, located in Chamen, was fought for and brought by one chief s son, who was also the headmaster. He played a very important role in the development of that area and the surrounding villages, and continued to help the people of Chamen until his death in 1985. His name was Abdoulie H. Cham, but the people called him Abdoulie Jarra as it is in the fula community to have your mother s name attached to your name . Though there are no official statistics to back the claim, Nianija is often said to be the poorest district in The Gambia. It is also the only district through which at least one of The Gambia s main roads does not pass. Administrative divisions of The Gambia coord 13 45 N 15 05 W region GM M type landmark source kolossus dewiki display title Category Central River Division Category Districts of the Gambia Gambia geo stub de Nianija pt Nianija ... more details
File Corruption Nouakchott.jpg thumb right 300px Anti corruption campaign in Nouakchott , in Arabic and French language French Afro Asiatic languages formerly known as hamito semitic Arabic Literary Arabic is the official language. Hassaniyya is the local and oral form of Arabic. It is close to the language used by the Bedoins. It is the language used by the majority of the Mauritanian population. It is also the language of the Imraguen who also use elements of Sonink . Berber languages Berber Zenaga language Zenaga Still used in the south of the country, close to the Senegal river River S n gal , the last vestige of the Berber people Berber identity in Mauritania. Those who use it are known are Zenaga , after the language they speak. Otherwise, most of the Moors people Moor population speak Berber languages. Islamisation and Arabisation of the population have meant that much of this population have lost all ties with this world. In 1978, even the term Arabo Berber to designate the Moors was replaced by Arab . Tamasheq Tamasheq language of the Touareg s is present in the extreme south east of the country, close to the Malian border. French main Maghreb French African French Due to colonialism, European languages are ofen present in the African continent. Mauritania is no exception to this rule. Mauritania is a member of Francophonie . Most of the population speak French language French . Citation needed date December 2010 The historic ties with France are still present, although Mauritania has also become more Arabised. Niger Congo languages Wolof language Wolof Sonink Pulaar ref lang en Fula lang fr Peul in central and eastern West Africa the endonym is Fulfulde ref is spoken in Mauritania by the Fula people Fula and the Toucouleur . Bambara Note Reflist See also Hassaniyya Mauritania Moors External links http www.muturzikin.com cartesafrique 20.htm Linguistic map of Mauritania at Muturzikin.com Languages of Africa Portal Mauritania DEFAULTSORT Languages Of Mauri ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2009 Infobox Former Country conventional long name Kingdom of Fouta Djallon common name Fouta Djallon continent Africa region Western Africa country Guinea era government type Monarchy event start year start 1725 date start event end year end 1896 date end event1 date event1 event2 date event2 French conquest after Battle of Pore Daka event3 date event3 p1 flag p1 s1 French West Africa flag s1 Flag of France.svg image flag flag image map Fula jihad states map general c1830.png image map caption The Fulani Jihad States of West Africa, c. 1830. capital Timbo common languages Pulaar language religion Sunni Islam currency leader1 Alfa Ibrahim Musa leader2 Boubacar III last year leader1 1725 1777 year leader2 1894 1896 title leader Almamy footnotes The Kingdom of Fouta Djallon also the Kingdom of Fuuta Jallon and the Timbo Almamate 1725 1896 was a pre colonial West African state based in the Fouta Djallon highlands of modern Guinea . Origin The Fuuta Jallon area was settled by the semi nomadic Fula people Fula or Fulani people Ful e in their language over successive generations between 13th and 16th centuries. Initially they were a traditionalist people called Pulli or Pulaar , from which the language derives its name. In the 16th century an influx of Muslim Ful e from the Macina area of Mali changed the fabric of Fula society. Jihad As in the Kingdom of Fuuta Tooro , the Muslim and traditionalist Ful e of Fuuta Jallon lived side by side. Then, according to traditional accounts, a 17th century holy war erupted. In 1725, the Muslim Ful e took complete control of Fuuta Jallon and set up the first of many Fula theocratic states to come. Alfa Ibrahim was appointed commander of the Faithful and first Almaami of the kingdom of Fuuta Jalon. Fuuta Jallon s theocratic model would later inspire the Fula state of Fuuta Tooro. Kingdom The new kingdom of Fuuta Jallon was governed under strict Islamic Law with a central ruler in the city of Timbo , near present ... more details
language fub anchor fub I L Niger Congo Fulfulde Adamawa Pulaar language fuc anchor fuc I L PulaarPulaarPulaar East Futuna language fud anchor fud I L Futuna, East futuna oriental . ... more details
Infobox Language family name Senegal Guinea altname Northern West Atlantic region Mauritania to Guinea familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo child1 Senegambian languages Senegambian child2 Cangin languages Cangin child3 Bak Eastern The Senegal Guinea languages are a branch of Niger Congo languages spoken primarily in southern Mauritania , Senegal , Gambia , Guinea Bissau , and Guinea the transhumant Fula people Fula , howewever, have spread with their language from Senegal across the western and central Sahel . The most populous unitary language is Wolof language Wolof , the national language of Senegal, with four million native speakers and millions more second language users. There are perhaps 13 million speakers of the various varieties of Fula language Fula , and over a million speakers of Serer language Serer . Senegal Guinea has traditionally been classified as a northern branch of Atlantic languages West Atlantic . However, the unity of West Atlantic has never been demonstrated, and linguists such as Dimmendahl and Roger Blench Blench treat Senegal Guinea Northern Atlantic , Limba Mel languages Limba Mel Southern Atlantic , and Bijago language Bijago as independent components of Niger Congo pending such a demonstration. Senegal Guinea consists of the Senegambian languages , which are the big three of Wolof, Fula, and Serer the closely related Cangin languages of southern Senegal and the Bak Eastern branch, which constitutes the bulk of the family clade label1 Senegal br Guinea 1 clade label3 Senegambian languages Senegambian 3 clade 1 Serer language Serer 2 Fula Wolof Wolof language Wolof , Fula language Fula Fulani, Peul, Pulaar, Fulfulde 2 Cangin languages Cangin Lehar language Lehar , Palor language Palor , Ndut language Ndut , Saafi Saafi language Saafi Saafi , Noon language Noon 1 clade label1 Bak languages Bak 1 clade 1 Balanta languages Balanta 2 clade 1 Jola languages Jola Diola 2 Papel lang ... more details
Image Mauritania demography.png thumb right Demographics of Mauritania, Data of FAO , year 2005 Number of inhabitants in thousands. This article is about the demographics demographic features of the population of Mauritania , including population density , Ethnic group ethnicity , education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. CIA World Factbook demographic statistics The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook , unless otherwise indicated. ref https www.cia.gov library publications the world factbook geos mr.html The World Factbook Mauritania ref Population 3,205,060 July 2010 est. Age structure 0 15 years 41 male 643,436 female 638,793 15 64 years 55.7 male 818,778 female 923,046 65 years and over 3.4 male 44,836 female 60,597 2010 est. Median age total 19.3 years male 18.5 years female 20.2 years 2010 est. Population growth rate 2.373 2010 est. Birth rate 33.67 births 1,000 population 2010 est. Death rate 9 deaths 1,000 population 2010 est. Net migration rate 0.94 migrant s 1,000 population 2010 est. Sex ratio at birth 1.03 male s female under 15 years 1.01 male s female 15 64 years 0.89 male s female 65 years and over 0.74 male s female total population 0.93 male s female 2010 est. Infant mortality rate total 61.94 deaths 1,000 live births male 67.13 deaths 1,000 live births female 56.6 deaths 1,000 live births 2010 est. Life expectancy at birth total population 60.75 years male 58.57 years female 62.99 years 2010 est. Total fertility rate 4.37 children born woman 2010 est. HIV AIDS people living with HIV AIDS 9,500 2003 est. HIV AIDS deaths less than 500 2003 est. Nationality noun Mauritanian s adjective Mauritanian Ethnic groups mixed Moor black 40 , Moor 30 , black 30 Religions Muslim 100 Languages Arabic small official small , French small widely used in media and among educated classes small , Pulaar, Soninke, Hassaniya, Wolof Literacy definition age 15 and over ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox settlement See Template Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions name Matam Region native name R gion de Matam native name lang fr settlement type Regions of Senegal Region image skyline image alt image caption image flag flag alt image seal seal alt image shield shield alt nickname motto image map Senegal Matam locator map.svg map alt map caption Location of Matam in Senegal image map1 Matam departments big print.png map alt1 map caption1 Matam r gion, divided into 3 d partements pushpin map Senegal pushpin label position pushpin map alt pushpin map caption latd 15 latm 06 latNS N longd 13 longm 38 longEW W coor pinpoint coordinates type region SN type adm1st coordinates display inline,title coordinates footnotes subdivision type List of sovereign states Country subdivision name Senegal established title established date parts type Departments of Senegal D partements p1 Kanel Department Kanel p2 Matam Department Matam p3 Ran rou Ferlo Department Ran rou Ferlo p4 founder named for seat type Capital political Capital seat Matam government footnotes leader party leader title leader name unit pref Metric or US or UK area footnotes area total km2 25083 area note elevation footnotes elevation m population footnotes population total 423041 population as of population rank population density km2 auto population density rank population demonym population note timezone Greenwich Mean Time GMT utc offset 0 postal code type postal code area code type area code website footnotes Matam is a region of Senegal regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions . It is a stark, flat, arid place bounded on the north by the S n gal River and the south by the Sahel ian plain studded with baobab trees made famous in Le Petit Prince . Matam is populated by the tall noble Fula language Pulaar speaking Toucouleur people who brought Islam to Senegal in the 18th century and gave us the music of Baaba Maal i ... more details
Infobox TV channel name 2sTV logofile logosize logoalt logo2 launch 21 June 2003 ref http www.2stv.net Business details 2stv.net ref closed date picture format share share as of share source network owner slogan Nous allons vous faire aimer la t l vision country flagicon Senegal language French language French broadcast area affiliates headquarters 1, Avenue Abdoulaye Fadiga br B.P. 8308 Dakar Yoff br Senegal br Tel. 221 823.93.54 br Fax 221 823.93.55 former names replaced names replaced by names sister names timeshift names web http www.2stv.net www.2stv.net terr serv 1 terr chan 1 sat serv 1 sat chan 1 CanalSat Horizons cable serv 1 cable chan 1 sat radio serv 1 sat radio chan 1 adsl serv 1 adsl chan 1 Neuf TV Channel 446 African package online serv 1 online chan 1 3gmobile serv 1 2sTV is the second television channel of Senegal . It is owned 100 by El hadji Ibrahima Ndiaye, the administrator of the channel. Beginnings In 2003, the first programmes were shown on the UHF23 channel. The station was at first a partnership between the historic television channel of Senegal, Radiodiffusion T l vision S n galaise RTS and a private group, Origine SA . The channel was named RTS2S. Development The channel showed its independence with a new name 2sTV. The programmes it showed were more focused on culture, freer, and newer. It is possible to view 2stv throughout the world via satellite. Programmes Mainly, cultural programmes, interviews with local music and other artistic stars, and talkshows. These programmes are mainly in Wolof. The interviews are translated into French, as Senegal is Francophone. However, sometimes a show in Pulaar is included on the schedules. Yella is presented every Sunday at 14h00 local time by the Halpulaar personality Farba Sally Seck. It deals with the history of Fouta a region in the north east of Senegal and of the Fula people Fulas , ref lang fr Peuls lang ff Ful e ref accompanied by a bammbaado a hoddu or xalam player and a famous personal ... more details
Infobox musical artist Img only free content images are allowed for depicting living people see WP NONFREE Name Baaba Maal Img capt Background solo singer Birth name Alias Born birth date and age 1953 11 12 Origin Podor , Senegal Instrument Genre Yela music Yela , Worldbeat Occupation Singer , songwriter Years active 1989&ndash present Label Associated acts URL http www.baabamaal.tv http www.baabamaal.tv Notable instruments Baaba Maal born November 12, 1953 is a Senegal ese singer and guitar ist born in Podor , on the Senegal River . In addition to acoustic guitar , he also plays percussion . He has released several albums, both for independent and major labels. In July 2003, he was made a United Nations Development Programme UNDP Youth Emissary. Biography Born 12 November 1953. Since his father was a fisherman , Baaba Maal was expected to become a fisherman as well. However, under the influence of his life long friend Mansour Seck , Baaba Maal devoted himself to learning music from his mother and his school s headmaster. He went on to study music at the university in Dakar before leaving for postgraduate studies on a scholarship at cole des Beaux Arts Beaux Arts in Paris . He has become quite famous in Africa and is also the most internationally famous musician from Senegal, with the possible exception of Youssou N Dour . Baaba sings primarily in Pulaar ref http www.undp.org goodwill baaba.shtml Baaba Maal African performer sings and acts on his social conscience ref and is the foremost promoter of the traditions of the Fula language Pulaar speaking peoples who live on either side of the Senegal River in the ancient Senegalese kingdom of Futa Tooro . Is this still an ancient Senegalese kingdom? If not, reword. In 1998, Mal recorded Bess, You Is My Woman Now for the Red Hot Organization s compilation album Red Hot Rhapsody a tribute to George Gershwin which raised money for various charities devoted to increasing AIDS awareness and fighting the disease.In 2002, Maa ... more details
for the musical group Xalam band File Diffa Niger Griot DSC 0177.jpg thumb right A Nigerien Griot playing a Xalam in Diffa , Niger. It s not called xalam in Niger please fix this Xalam , also spelled khalam , is the Wolof language Wolof name for a traditional stringed Instrument music musical instrument from West Africa . The xalam is thought to have originated from modern day Mali , but some believe that, in antiquity, the instrument may have originated from ancient Egypt . Many believe that it is an ancestor to the American banjo. The xalam is commonly played in Mali , Gambia , Senegal , Niger , Northern Nigeria , Northern Ghana , Burkina Faso , Mauritania , and Western Sahara it is also known in other languages as bappe , diassare , hoddu Fula people Pulaar , koliko Gurunsi , komsa , kontigi Hausa people Hausa , koni , konting Mandinka people Mandinka , molo Songhai people Songhay Zarma , ndere , ngoni Bambara , and tidinit Hassaniyya Arabic . Someone who plays the xalam is called a xalamkat a word composed of the verbal form of xalam, meaning to play the xalam , and the agentive suffix kat , thus meaning one who xalams . Construction and tuning The xalam, in its standard form, is a simple lute chordophone with one to five strings. The wooden body soundbox membranophone of the instrument is oval shaped and covered with the hide of cattle . The strings of the xalam are typically made of two or three tightly wound strands of low gauge nylon fishing line these strings are fixed to the instrument s wooden neck by long and narrow leather strips and to its wooden bridge by cotton strings. By moving these strips, the instrument s tune can be adjusted. The xalam usually has two main melody strings that are fingered by the left hand like the strings of a guitar or banjo and two to three supplementary strings of fixed pitch. Most xalam players construct their own xalams, although they usually call on woodworkers lawbe to carve the body, neck, and bridge for them. In most W ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
