wiktionary Ptosis from the Greek language Greek word falling, a fall refers to droopiness of a body part. Specifically, it can refer to Ptosis eyelid the most common usage of the term Ptosis breasts Visceroptosis Enteroptosis intestine Gastroptosis stomach Nephroptosis or renal ptosis kidney Visceroptosis internal organs See also Prolapse Proptosis disambig ru ... more details
For other uses Ptosis disambiguation distinguish proptosis Refimprove date October 2008 Infobox Disease Name Ptosis of the eyelids Image 1852 ptosis patient.jpg Caption Ptosis of the left eyelid unilateral ptosis in an unidentified male from the 19th century. DiseasesDB 25466 ICD10 ICD10 H 02 4 h 00 ... mult eMedicine2 oph 345 MeshID D001763 Ptosis from Greek language Greek Ptosis or , to fall ... development. Etymology Ptosis, is derived from the Greek word fall, and is defined as the abnormal ... 02 17 Unretouched Color Cropped.jpg thumb left Phineas Gage displaying ptosis after his famous brain injury Ptosis occurs when the muscle s that raise the eyelid Levator palpebrae superioris muscle .... One can, however, be born with ptosis. Congenital ptosis is hereditary in three main forms. ref cite web title Congenital Ptosis url http www.medigle.de rw diagnoses kongenitaler Ptosis publisher MEDgle accessdate 2008 10 20 ref Causes of congenital ptosis remain unknown. Ptosis may be caused ... mamba may also cause this effect. Ptosis can be caused by the aponeurosis of the Levator ... 1212082 overview title Ptosis, Adult date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Dysfunctions of the levators may ... title Eye Ptosis Congenital date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Ptosis may be due to a myogenic , neurogenic ... s, or infections ref cite web url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 12925861 title Ptosis causes, presentation, and management date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Acquired ptosis is most commonly caused by aponeurotic ptosis. This can occur as a result of senescence, dehiscence or disinsertion of the levator ... of this condition. Congenital neurogenic ptosis is believed to be caused by the Horner syndrome ... accessdate 2010 06 14 ref In this case, a mild ptosis may be associated with psilateral ptosis, Iris ... . Acquired Horner syndrome may result after trauma, neoplastic insult, or even vascular disease . Ptosis ... overview title Causes date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Other causes of ptosis include eyelid neoplasms ... more details
orphan date September 2009 A chin that droops over the jawline is called a ptotic chin . Ptosis of the tip of the chin is common and can be seen in persons of any age. It is frequently seen in older patients but not infrequently, it is seen in young people as a familial trait. More commonly, however, the droop develops over time as the chin pad slides downward along with the soft tissues elsewhere in the face and neck ref http journals.lww.com plasreconsurg Abstract 2004 01000 A Minimally Invasive Approach for Correction of.64.aspx ref . Surgery A variety of techniques have been described to correct ptosis of the chin. One technique uses a small intraoral incision to place a U shaped Prolene suture that gathers the soft tissue of the chin and elevates it above the lower border of the Human mandible mandibular symphysis. See also Ptosis breasts Ptosis eyelid References references DEFAULTSORT Ptosis Chin Category Anatomy ... more details
For other uses Ptosis disambiguation unreferenced date June 2007 Infobox Disease Name Ptosis breasts Image Ptosis.jpg Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 611.81 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj plastic eMedicineTopic 128 MeshID Ptosis of the breast refers to drooping or sagging of the breast. Breast ptosis is related to the laxity of the Clavipectoral fascia superficial fascia , Cooper s ligaments suspensory ligaments and skin. ref http www.eng.tau.ac.il msbm list of publications articles in journals 55.PDF Mechanics of the normal woman s breast ref File Stades de affaissement.png thumb right Stages of ptosisPtosis is a natural part of the aging process, though the rate at which a person develops ptosis depends on many factors. Ptosis can result after pregnancy, or after weight gain and subsequent loss. Breast size is a factor in ptosis, with larger breasts becoming ptotic more quickly. Pseudoptosis is the condition where the nipple is at the level of the inframammary crease , but the breast itself has not dropped. Surgeons offering plastic surgery to address ptosis categorize the condition by the relationship that the nipple has to the inframammary crease. Mastopexy main article Mastopexy Some women with ptosis choose to undergo plastic surgery to make their breasts less ptotic. Procedures used include mastopexy , placement of breast implants , or both. If sagging is present and the woman opts not to undergo mastopexy, implants are typically placed above the muscle, to fill out the breast skin and tissue. Submuscular placement can result in a snoopy deformity effect. In these cases, the implant appears to be high on the chest, while the natural breast tissue hangs down over the implant. References Reflist Category Cosmetic surgery ar fa ... more details
Infobox disease ICD10 ICD10 H 02 3 h 00 or ICD10 Q 10 0 q 10 Dermatochalasis is a medical condition. It is defined as an excess of skin in the upper or lower eyelid . It may be either an acquired or a congenital condition. It is generally treated with blepharoplasty . See also Ptosis eyelid Ptosis Category Diseases of the eye and adnexa disease stub eye stub de Dermatochalasis ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 33297 ICD10 ICD10 H 02 5 h 00 , ICD10 Q 10 3 q 10 ICD9 ICD9 374.46 , ICD9 743.62 ICDO OMIM 110100 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D016569 Blepharophimosis is a condition where the patient has bilateral ptosis eyelid ptosis with reduced lid size, vertically and horizontally. The nasal bridge is flat and there is hypoplastic orbital rim. ref http www.mrcophth.com ptosis blepharophimosis.html Photo of blepharophimosis patient ref Both the vertical and horizontal palpebral fissures eyelid opening are shortened. Vignes 1889 probably first described this entity, a dysplasia of the eyelid s. Presentation In addition to small palpebral fissure s, features include epicanthus inversus fold curving in the mediolateral direction, inferior to the inner canthus , low nasal bridge, ptosis of the eyelids and telecanthus . BPES Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome, either with premature ovarian failure BPES type I or without BPES type II , is caused by mutations in the FOXL2 gene . ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez dispomim.cgi?id 110100 OMIM article on Blepharophimosis ref References reflist External links http plasticsurgery4u.com proceedure folder eyelid recon folder blepharophimosis.html Description of surgical steps in blepharophimosis eye stub Eye pathology Congenital malformations and deformations of eye, ear, face and neck Category Congenital disorders of eye, ear, face and neck Category Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit de Blepharophimose pl Blepharophimosis pt Blefarofimose ... more details
Eyelid revision is a procedure that involves correcting or addressing any issues that have arisen from a previous blepharoplasty eyelid surgery . The surgery is more difficult to perform and is more complicated than an initial eyelid revision surgery, since the site of the procedure has been operated on before. The reasons for eyelid revision surgeries include the following Contour abnormalities Asymmetry Unusually high eyelid height ref cite web url http www.ophsource.org periodicals ophtha article S0161 6420 99 90110 0 abstract title Stabilization of eyelid height after aponeurotic ptosis repair work Elsevier date 1999 03 01 accessdate 2010 07 21 ref The procedure is known to have more complications and issues than initial eyelid surgeries due to the presence of excess scar tissue at the surgery site. Contour Abnormalities Contour abnormalities are also a common cause of eyelid revision surgery. Contour abnormalities are often the result of poor wound closure during the procedure. Asymmetry One of the most frequent complications that arise from an initial blepharoplasty eyelid surgery is asymmetry, which are often a result of poor markings by the surgeon prior to operation. Unnaturally High Eyelid Height Unusually high eyelid heights can make the results of an original eyelid revision procedure appear unnatural. Thus, an initial blepharoplasty may need revision if there is an unusually high eyelid height that is formed. Ptosis One of the most troublesome complications of initial blepharoplasty eyelid surgery is the surgeon discovering the patient has Ptosis or a drooping eyelid after the surgery has been performed. It is also possible for a patient to develop ptosis as a result of an initial eyelid surgery operation. Both require eyelid revision surgeries. Since ptosis patients need correction of delicate anatomical tissues and structures, eyelid revision surgery on ptosis patients is considered one of the more difficult surgical procedures to perform. ref cite we ... more details
Sagging is a form of the verb to sag to drop, to droop used as a substantivated adjective, it may mean Sagging fashion , a fashion trend for wearing pants below the waist to expose one s boxers, practiced by males Sagging Naval , the stress a ship is put under when it passes over the trough of a wave Ptosis breasts , the laxing of breast s structures due to aging. disambig ... more details
. ref Horner JF. ber eine Form von Ptosis. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilk 1869 7 193 8. ref ref WhoNamedIt ... with headache and ptosis. url http webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu eyeforum cases case22.htm work Ophthalmology ... lag test It is important to distinguish the ptosis eyelid ptosis caused by Horner s syndrome from the ptosis caused by a lesion to the oculomotor nerve . In the former, the ptosis occurs with a constricted pupil due to a loss of sympathetics to the eye , whereas in the latter, the ptosis occurs with a dilated ... pupil in a CNIII oculomotor nerve lesion, this ptosis is much more severe, occasionally occluding the whole eye. The ptosis of Horner syndrome can be quite mild or barely noticeable partial ptosis . When ... one, if a one sided ptosis is present then the abnormally sized pupil can be presumed to be the one on the side of the ptosis. See also Anisocoria References reflist 2 Autonomic diseases Category ... more details
ptosis eyelid ptosis , the drooping of the eyelid. Ptosis can also be caused by damage to the adjoining ... occurs in Horner s syndrome , and presents as a partial ptosis. Additional images gallery Image Gray570.png ... Superior tarsal muscle Ptosis eyelid Ptosis Blepharospasm References references External links MuscleLoyola ... more details
For other uses Ptosis disambiguation Infobox disease Name Gastroptosis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 K 31 8 k 20 ICD9 ICD9 537.5 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID In medicine , gastroptosis is the abnormal downward displacement of the stomach . It is not a life threatening condition. The condition frequently causes digestive symptoms and constipation, and is much more prominent in women than men. See also visceroptosis Gastroenterology It is not a life threatening condition Category Diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum med stub ja pt Gastroptose ... more details
Summary Information Description The 16 year old girl with facial palsy, complete ptosis, and marked atrophy of subcutaneous and bony structures on the left upper side of the face before surgical intervention. Note the slight cleft above the right eyebrow and rarefication of the left eyebrow. Source Gambichler et al. BMC Dermatology 2001 1 9 doi 10.1186 1471 5945 1 9 http www.biomedcentral.com 1471 5945 1 9 Date 23 11, 18 July 2010 UTC Author Gambichler et al. Permission http www.biomedcentral.com info about license other versions Licensing cc by sa 2.0 ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 H 02 3 h 00 ICD9 ICD9 374.34 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Blepharochalasis is an inflammation of the eyelid that is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of eyelid edema , which results in a stretching and subsequent atrophy of the eyelid tissue resulting in redundant folds over the lid margins. It typically affects only the upper eyelids, and may be unilateral as well as bilateral. ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. Page 515. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref Pathophysiology Blepharochalasis results from recurrent bouts of painless eyelid swelling, each lasting for several days. This is thought to be a form of localized angioedema , or rapid accumulation of fluid in the tissues. Recurrent episodes lead to thin and atrophic skin. Damage to the levator palpebrae superioris muscle causes ptosis eyelid ptosis , or drooping of the eyelid, when the muscle can no longer hold the eyelid up. Causes Blepharochalasis is idiopathic in most cases, i.e., the cause is unknown. Systemic conditions linked to blepharochalasis are renal agenesis , vertebra l abnormalities, and congenital heart disease . Epidemiology It is encountered more commonly in younger rather than older individuals. Complications Complications of blepharochalasis may include conjunctiva l Hyperaemia hyperemia excessive blood flow through the moist tissues of the orbit , chemosis , entropion , ectropion , and ptosis. Differential diagnosis Dermatochalasis is sometimes confused with blepharochalasis, but these are two different conditions. Treatment Surgery A surgeon trained to do eyelid surgery, such as a plastic surgeon or ophthalmologist, is required to decide and perform the appropriate surgical procedure. Following procedures have been described for blepharochalasis External levator aponeurosis tuck Blepharoplas ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2007 For other uses Ptosis disambiguation Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 K 63 4 k 55 ICD9 ICD9 569.89 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Visceroptosis or enteroptosis is a prolapse or a sinking of the abdomen abdominal viscus viscera internal organs below their natural position. Any or all of the organs may be displaced downward. When the intestines are involved, the condition is known as enteroptosis when the stomach is found below its normal position, the term gastroptosis is used. The disease exists in all degrees of severity and may give rise to no symptoms whatsoever. Generally, however, there is loss of appetite, heartburn , nervous dyspepsia , constipation , or diarrhea , abdominal distention, headache , Vertigo medical vertigo , emaciation , and loss of sleep . Any or all of these symptoms may be present. The condition is brought about by loss of muscular tone, particularly of the abdominal muscles, intestinal autointoxication , with relaxation of the ligament s which hold the viscera in place. In women, tightlacing tight lacing has been held to be a frequent cause. The symptoms may be alleviated by supporting the organs with a properly applied bandage, or other similar device. Rest in bed, attention to diet, hygiene , exercise, and general muscular upbuilding will cure the majority of cases. In others operation may become necessary. Visceroptosis is a known risk factor for the development of Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome . Image FRANTZ GLENARD.jpg right thumb Dr. Frantz Gl nard 1848 1920 Visceroptosis is also called splanchnoptosis, abdominal ptosis, and Gl nard s disease , after a French people French physician Frantz Gl nard 1848 1920 . Gl nard s test &mdash The examiner, standing behind the patient, places his arms around the patient, so that his hands meet in front of the patient ... . Gl nard s theory &mdash The theory that abdominal Prolapse ptosis is a nutritional disease with atrophy ... more details
is unsure whether the abnormal pupil is the constricted or dilated one, if a one sided Ptosis eyelid ptosis is present then the abnormally sized pupil can be presumed to be the one on the side of the ptosis, as a Horner s syndrome sympathetic lesion , and an Oculomotor nerve lesion both cause ptosis. Anisocoria in the presence of confusion, decreased mental status, severe headache, etc. can ... more details
refimprove date August 2010 Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 29331 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 101400 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D000168 Saethre Chotzen syndrome SCS , also known as acrocephalosyndactyly type 3 ACS III and Chotzen syndrome , ref name omim OMIM 101400 ref is a very rare autosome autosomal dominance genetics dominant ref name scad cite doi 10.1038.2Fsj.ejhg.5201507 ref congenital disorder characterized by acrocephalosyndactyly , craniosynostosis premature closure of one or more of the sutures between the bones of the Human skull skull . It is caused by mutations in the TWIST transcription factor TWIST gene. ref name scad ref name two OMIM 601622 ref Characteristics Classic features include synostosis of the coronal suture s of the skull resulting in characteristic face s including ptosis eyelid ptosis , facial asymmetry and small ears syndactyly of the fingers, particularly of the second and third digits Intelligence is usually normal. Some affected individuals may have mild to moderate mental retardation . Cause and Genetics Image Autodominant.jpg thumb right Saethre Chotzen syndrome has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. SCS is caused by a mutation in the TWIST gene, located on human chromosome chromosome 7 human 7p21 . ref name scad ref name two Autosomal dominant inheritance indicates that the defective gene responsible for a disorder is located on an autosome chromosome 7 is an autosome , and only one copy of the gene is sufficient to cause the disorder, when inherited from a parent who has the disorder. Epidemiology The incidence of this rare syndrome is estimated at between 1 in 25 50,000 live births. See also Acrocephalosyndactylia References reflist External links http www.sfh lab.com Saethre.htm Article on SCS http www.nlm.nih.gov mesh jablonski syndromes syndrome570.html NIH summary on SCS http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov bookshelf br.fcgi?book gene&part scs GeneReview NCBI NIH UW entry on Saethre Cho ... more details
multiple issues cleanup July 2009 introrewrite July 2009 Michels syndrome is a syndrome characterised by mental deficiency , craniosynostosis , blepharophimosis , ptosis , epicanthus inversus , ref name pmid2240039 cite journal author Cunniff C, Jones KL title Craniosynostosis and lid anomalies report of a girl with Michels syndrome journal Am. J. Med. Genet. volume 37 issue 1 pages 28 30 year 1990 month September pmid 2240039 doi 10.1002 ajmg.1320370108 url issn accessdate 2009 07 08 ref ref name pmid16096999 cite journal author Titomanlio L, Bennaceur S, Bremond Gignac D, Baumann C, Dupuy O, Verloes A title Michels syndrome, Carnevale syndrome, OSA syndrome, and Malpuech syndrome variable expression of a single disorder 3MC syndrome ? journal Am. J. Med. Genet. A volume 137A issue 3 pages 332 5 year 2005 month September pmid 16096999 doi 10.1002 ajmg.a.30878 issn accessdate 2009 07 08 ref highly arched eyebrows , and hypertelorism . ref name pmid16096999 ref name pmid17236195 cite journal author Al Kaissi A, Klaushofer K, Safi H, et al. title Asymmetrical skull, ptosis, hypertelorism, high nasal bridge, clefting, umbilical anomalies, and skeletal anomalies in sibs is Carnevale syndrome a separate entity? journal Am. J. Med. Genet. A volume 143 issue 4 pages 349 54 year 2007 month February pmid 17236195 doi 10.1002 ajmg.a.31610 issn accessdate 2009 07 08 ref And vary in other symptoms such as asymmetry of the Human skull skull , eyelid , and anterior chamber anomalies, cleft lip and palate , umbilical anomalies , and Human development biology growth and cognitive development . ref name pmid16096999 ref name pmid17236195 See also Malpuech facial clefting syndrome References reflist DEFAULTSORT Michels Syndrome Category Syndromes Category Congenital disorders Category Autosomal recessive disorders Category Rare diseases disease stub ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles , or CFEOM , is a class of rare genetic disorders affecting one or more of the muscles that move the human eyeball eyeball s. Individuals with CFEOM have varying degrees of Ophthalmoparesis ophthalmoplegia an inability to move the eyes in one or more directions and Ptosis eyelid ptosis . The condition is present from birth and non progressive, runs in families, and usually affects both eyes similarly. In the most common form, the superior rectus muscle superior recti are dysfunctional and the inferior rectus muscle inferior recti , lacking proper opposition, pull the eyes down, forcing the head to be tilted upward in order to see straight ahead. There are three types of CFEOM, numbered 1 3. CFEOM1, the most common type, is now known to be caused by one of several mutations in the KIF21A gene, while CFEOM2 is caused by mutations in the PHOX2A gene. ref name engle Engle, E.C., Genetic Basis of Congenital Strabismus. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 125 2 189 http archopht.ama assn.org cgi content full 125 2 189 article ref CFEOM was first named in 1956, ref Laughlin, R.C. Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles a report of six cases. Amer J Ophthalmol 41, 432 438 1956 . ref although papers describing conditions now known or assumed to be CFEOM appear in the medical literature as early as 1840. ref Baumgarten, M. Erfahrungen uber den strabismus und die Muskeldurchschneidung am Auge in physiologischpathologischer und therapeutischer Beziehung. Monatsschr Med Augenheilkd Chir 3, 474 499 1840 . ref Due to its rarity, it has been independently cited numerous times under many different names. ref name engle References See Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear here automatically Reflist External links http www.childrenshospital.org cfapps research data admin Site339 mainpageS339P18sublevel13.html Engle Laboratory CFEOM page http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov booksh ... more details
diplopia and eyelid drooping ptosis eyelid ptosis , whereas the pupil is always spared. Diplopia occurs ... vision when the eye is turned toward the affected muscle. Ptosis occurs when the levator palpebrae .... Citation needed date January 2010 Aside from asymmetric ptosis worse with fatigue, sustained upgaze ... and ptosis affected by environmental, emotional and physical factors such as bright sunlight, stress ..., eye motility and eyelid exam. Frequently, patients will describe experiencing alternating ptosis lid droop in one eye that gets better, then is followed by ptosis in the other eye , as well as diplopia ... pyridostigmine. ref cite journal author Kupersmith MJ, Ying G title Ocular motor dysfunction and ptosis ... means. Ptosis can be corrected with placement of crutches on eyeglasses and with ptosis tape ... more details
presenting symptom of ptosis eyelid ptosis is often unnoticed by the patient until the lids droop ... for the slowly progressing ptosis of the lids. In addition, as the ptosis becomes complete, the patients will use the frontalis forehead muscle to help elevate the lids. The ptosis is typically bilateral ... to compensate for the ptosis. Facial muscles may be involved which lead to atrophy of facial muscle ... 2010 . However, most neuro ophthalmologists do not ascribe to any treatment. Ptosis associated with CPEO ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date April 2007 Contour threads are used in cosmetic plastic surgery to vertically lift facial tissues that have dropped ptosed or become sunken with age. The ptosis or descent of facial tissues with aging is a universal phenomenon to which much cosmetic facial surgery is directed. Strands of 2 0 Prolene monofilament thread, with little notches cut into their sides, are placed in the subcutaneous plane under the ptosed facial skin. These are anchored under secure points in fronto occipitalis and temporalis tissues. Dropped or ptosed facial skin is then elevated onto the barbed threads, and stay elevated because of the barbs. Thus the patient gets a facelift , without any scalpel work and without any removal of skin. In the event that a patient is unhappy with the results, the threads can be readily removed and the patient s face thence returns to its position prior to treatment. Thus, Contour threads have negligible permanent biological cost , as the effect is reversible. Effects last for a number of years, quoted as 2 5 years, after which time the positive effect is gradually lost and the patient s face returns to its state prior to treatment. Category Plastic surgery ... more details
File Nasolabial fold.jpg thumb Human face, with left nasolabial fold marked in black ellipse. The nasolabial folds , commonly known as smile lines or laugh lines , are facial feature s. They are the two skin fold s that run from each side of the nose human nose to the corners of the mouth human mouth . They separate the cheek s from the upper lip . the term derives from Latin language Latin nasus for nose and labium for lip . Cosmetology issues With ageing the fold may become more pronounced and become cosmetically undesirable. The most significant factors that contribute to the prominence of the fold are excess skin, skin thinning, excess cheek fat, and ptosis of cheek fat. Most common cosmetic treatments are anatomical removal, liposuction , facelift , or dermal filler injections. span class plainlinks span See also Epicanthal fold Category Facial features Category Cosmetics Category Skin anatomy Superficial anatomy anatomy stub de Nasolabialfalte ja pt Sulco nasolabial zh ... more details
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