diabetes, as opposed to diabetes mellitus can also cause polydipsia. ref name pathophys Polydipsia is also a symptom of anticholinergic poisoning. Zinc is also known to reduce symptoms of polydipsia ... and it causes the body to retain more sodium. So a zinc deficiency can be a possible cause. Polydipsia in psychiatric subsets main Psychogenic polydipsia Psychogenic polydipsia is an excessive water ... that seizures and cardiac arrest can occur. While psychogenic polydipsia is generally not found ... typically called habit polydipsia or habit drinking that can be found in the absence of psychosis ... , Habit drinking in its severest form termed psychogenic polydipsia is the most common imitator of diabetes ... disorders, most patients with habit polydipsia have no other detectable disease. The distinction ... psychogenic polydipsia or habit polydipsia. Diagnosis Polydipsia is a symptom evidence of a disease ... pl Polidypsja pt Polidipsia ru sl Polidipsija fi Polydipsia ... more details
Primary polydipsia or psychogenic polydipsia is a special form of polydipsia . ref name pmid10372737 cite journal author Saito T, Ishikawa S, Ito T, et al title Urinary excretion of aquaporin 2 water channel differentiates psychogenic polydipsia from central diabetes insipidus journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. volume 84 issue 6 pages 2235 7 year 1999 month June pmid 10372737 doi 10.1210 jc.84.6.2235 url http jcem.endojournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 10372737 ref It is usually associated with a patient s increasing fluid intake due to the sensation of having a dry mouth . When the term psychogenic polydipsia is used, it implies that the condition is caused by mental disorders. However, the dry mouth is often due to phenothiazine medications used in some mental disorders, rather than ... Some forms of primary polydipsia are explicitly characterized as non psychogenic. ref name pmid3371724 cite journal author Tobin MV, Morris AI title Non psychogenic primary polydipsia in autoimmune ... to deal with the fluid overload, and weight gain will be noted. Primary polydipsia can .... Diagnostic workup The test of choice to distinguish primary polydipsia from diabetes insipidus is by fluid restriction . In primary polydipsia, the urine osmolality should increase and stabilize at above ... classes can cause dry mouth, but this is not to be confused with true polydipsia in which a dangerous drop in serum sodium will be seen. Primary polydipsia often leads to institutionalization as it can be very difficult to manage outside the inpatient setting. Patient profiles Psychogenic polydipsia ... psychogenic polydipsia is usually not seen outside the population of those with serious mental disorders ... Psychogenic polydipsia is also observed in some animal patients. Further reading Psychogenic polydipsia with hyponatremia report of eleven cases. Am J Kidney Dis. 1987 May 9 5 410 6. Arch Intern ... simplepage.cfm?ID 1999634384 Psychogenic Polydipsia at GPnotebook Category Abnormal psychology Category ... more details
File Psittacus erithacus feather plucking pet 6.jpg thumb right A pet African Grey Parrot Congo African Grey Parrot displaying signs of extensive feather plucking. Abnormal behaviour birds When housed under captive or commercial conditions, birds often show a range of abnormal behaviours . These are often self injurious or harmful to other individuals, and include Feather pecking Cannibalism Vent pecking Toe pecking Feather plucking Stereotypies Polydipsia vacuum or sham dustbathing See also Chicken Animal psychopathology Comparative psychology Stereotypy In animals Stereotypy Category Bird health Bird stub ... more details
A fluid or water deprivation test is a medical test ref name urlcsiii26a cite web url http www1.indstate.edu thcme anderson Clinical csiii26a.html title csiii26a format work accessdate 2009 04 04 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref which can be used to determine whether the patient has diabetes insipidus as opposed to other causes of polydipsia a condition of excessive thirst that causes an excessive intake of water . The patient is required, for a prolonged period, to forgo intake of water completely, to determine the cause of the thirst. This test measures changes in body weight, urine output, and urine composition when fluids are withheld. Sometimes measuring blood levels of ADH a synonym for vasopressin during this test is also necessary. If there is no change in the water loss despite fluid deprivation, desmopressin may be administered to distinguish between the two types of diabetes insipidus which are central & nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The time of deprivation may vary from 4 to 18 hours. ref name Lavin2009 cite book author Norman Lavin title Manual of Endocrinology and Metabolism url http books.google.com books?id a Eg0vPb6o4C&pg PA67 accessdate 12 November 2010 date 1 April 2009 publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins isbn 9780781768863 pages 67 ref The serum osmolality and urine osmolality are both measured in the test. Interpretation The conditions can be distinguished in the following way class wikitable Condition Urine osmolarity in mOsm kg, after fluid deprivation ref name GPnote http www.gpnotebook.co.uk simplepage.cfm?ID 1435828200&linkID 28152 Water deprivation and desmopressin test at GPnote ref After desmopressin ref name GPnote or vasopressin excessive intake of fluid primary polydipsia 800 800 a defect in Vasopressin ADH production central neurogenic diabetes insipidus 300 800 a defect in the kidneys response to Vasopressin ADH production nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 300 300 References reflist External links http www.diabetesinsi ... more details
Image Illu urinary system.jpg right 300px Male urinary system Osmotic diuresis is increased urination caused by the presence of certain substances in the small tubes of the kidneys . ref cite book title Review of Medical Physiology last Ganong first William F. year 2005 publisher McGraw Hill McGraw Hill Professional isbn 0071440402 pages 719 quote url http books.google.com books?id OLa8vDBXDD4C&pg PA719&dq 22Osmotic diuresis 22&as brr 3&sig ACfU3U3 zgU5V59jPWEcho 0M6fBljuvdg ref The excretion occurs when substances such as glucose enter the kidney tubules and cannot be reabsorbed due to a pathological state or the normal nature of the substance . The substances cause an increase in the osmotic pressure within the tubule, causing retention of water within the lumen, and thus reduces the reabsorption of water, increasing urine output ie. diuresis . The same effect can be seen in therapeutics such as mannitol , which is used to increase urine output and decrease extracellular fluid volume. Substances in the circulation can also increase the amount of circulating fluid by increasing the osmolarity of the blood. This has the effect of pulling water from the interstitial space biology interstitial space, making more water available in the blood and causing the kidney to compensate by removing it as urine. In hypotension , often colloid s are used intravenously to increase circulating volume in themselves, but as they exert a certain amount of osmotic pressure, water is therefore also moved, further increasing circulating volume. As blood pressure increases, the kidney removes the excess fluid as urine. Sodium , chloride , potassium are excreted in Osmotic diuresis, originating from Diabetes Mellitus DM . Osmotic diuresis results in dehydration from polyuria and the classic polydipsia excessive thirst associated with DM. See also Ketosis Diuresis Polydipsia Sulfonylurea References reflist External links http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency article 001266.htm Article at Me ... more details
often appears in conjunction with polydipsia increased thirst , though it is possible to have one without the other, and the latter may be a cause or an effect. Psychogenic polydipsia may lead to polyuria ... . In the absence of diabetes mellitus, the most common causes are primary polydipsia excessive ... diabetes insipidus psychogenic polydipsia high doses of riboflavin vitamin B sub 2 sub high ... of lung a paraneoplastic consequence hypoaldosteronism hypokalemia polydipsia congestive heart ... more details
Dablink In biology , polyphagia is a type of phagy , referring to an animal that feeds on many kinds of food. One source date July 2009 SignSymptom infobox Name Polyphagia ICD10 ICD10 R 63 2 r 50 ICD9 ICD9 783.6 Polyphagia means eating too much. It derives from the Greek words polys which means very much , and phago , verb for I eat . ref http yourtotalhealth.ivillage.com polyphagia.html, ref In medicine, polyphagia sometimes known as hyperphagia is a medical sign meaning excessive hunger and abnormally large intake of solids by mouth. Disorders such as diabetes , Kleine Levin Syndrome a malfunction in the hypothalamus , the genetic disorders Prader Willi Syndrome and Bardet Biedl Syndrome can cause hyperphagia compulsive hunger . Citation needed date June 2010 See also Hunger Eating disorder Polydipsia Anorexia symptom Anorexia Diabetes Mellitus References Reflist External links http www.wrongdiagnosis.com sym excessive hunger.htm Diseases and conditions associated with Polyphagia Symptoms concerning nutrition, metabolism and development Category Symptoms and signs General Category Polyphagia disease stub el es Polifagia fr Polyphage id Polifagia it Iperfagia pl Hiperfagia pt Polifagia ru ... more details
refimprove date March 2009 Hashitoxicosis is a transient hyperthyroidism caused by inflammation associated with Hashimoto s thyroiditis disturbing the thyroid follicle s, resulting in excess release of thyroid hormone . ref Robins Basic Pathology ref It can be abbreviated Htx . ref name pmid15812459 cite journal author Nabhan ZM, Kreher NC, Eugster EA title Hashitoxicosis in children clinical features and natural history journal J. Pediatr. volume 146 issue 4 pages 533 6 year 2005 month April pmid 15812459 doi 10.1016 j.jpeds.2004.10.070 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0022347604010674 ref Symptoms main hyperthyroidism Major clinical signs include weight loss often accompanied by an increased appetite , anxiety , intolerance to heat , fatigue physical fatigue , hair loss, weakness, hyperactivity, irritability, apathy , clinical depression depression , polyuria , polydipsia , delirium , and sweating. Additionally, patients may present with a variety of symptoms such as palpitations and arrhythmia s notably atrial fibrillation , shortness of breath dyspnea , loss of libido , nausea , vomiting , and diarrhea . Long term untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to osteoporosis . In the elderly, these classical symptoms may not be present. See also Hashimoto s thyroiditis thyroid hormone hyperthyroidism References reflist Endocrine pathology Category Thyroid disease ... more details
drugbox IUPAC name 6 ethyl 7 methoxy 5 methylimidazo 1,2 a pyrimidin 2 yl phenylmethanone image Divaplon.png width 180 CAS number 90808 12 1 ATC prefix none ATC suffix PubChem 65822 DrugBank C 17 H 17 N 3 O 2 molecular weight 295.336 smiles CCC1 C N2C C N C2N C1OC C O C3 CC CC C3 C bioavailability metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy US legal US routes of administration Divaplon RU 32698 is a nonbenzodiazepine , anxiolytic and anticonvulsant drug from the pyrazolopyrimidine family of drugs. It acts as a partial agonist at the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor GABA sub A sub Receptor biochemistry receptor in the brain. ref cite journal last1 Feely first1 M last2 Boyland first2 P last3 Picardo first3 A last4 Cox first4 A last5 Gent first5 JP title Lack of anticonvulsant tolerance with RU 32698 and Ro 17 1812 journal European journal of pharmacology volume 164 issue 2 pages 377 80 year 1989 pmid 2759183 ref ref cite journal last1 Sanger first1 DJ last2 Joly first2 D last3 Perrault first3 G title Benzodiazepine omega receptor partial agonists and the acquisition of conditioned fear in mice journal Psychopharmacology volume 121 issue 1 pages 104 8 year 1995 pmid 8539334 ref ref cite journal last1 Pell n first1 R last2 Ru z first2 A last3 Lamas first3 E last4 Rodr guez first4 C title Pharmacological analysis of the effects of benzodiazepines on punished schedule induced polydipsia in rats journal Behavioural pharmacology volume 18 issue 1 pages 81 7 year 2007 pmid 17218801 doi 10.1097 FBP.0b013e3280143212 ref References references Anxiolytics Category Anxiolytics Category Ketones Category Ethers Category Imidazopyrimidines ... more details
polydipsia a defect in antidiuretic hormone ADH production a defect in the kidneys response to antidiuretic ... any fluids. In primary polydipsia, the urine osmolality should increase and stabilize at above 280 ... for an unknown reason. Habit drinking in its severest form termed psychogenic polydipsia is the most ... are associated with mental disorders, most patients with habit polydipsia have no other detectable ... more details
, B., K.E. Heller, and T. Freimanis title Development of stereotypies and polydipsia in wild caught bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus and their laboratory bred offspring. Is polydipsia a symptom ... more details
polydipsia . ref name urlHyponatremia eMedicine Emergency Medicine cite web url http emedicine.medscape.com ... and hypocortisolism Liver cirrhosis Nephrotic syndrome Psychogenic polydipsia Placing the patient on water ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 29318 ICD10 ICD10 E 23 6 e 20 ICD9 ICD9 253.8 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Adiposogenital dystrophy is a condition which may be caused by secondary hypogonadism originating from decreased levels in GnRH. Low levels of GnRH has been associated with defects of the feeding centers of the hypothalamus, leading to an increase consumption of food and thus caloric intake. Presentation It is characterized by Feminine obesity Growth retardation and retarded sexual development , atrophy or hypoplasia of the gonads , and altered secondary sex characteristics , headaches mental retardation , problems with Visual perception vision polyuria , polydipsia . It is usually associated with tumor tumours of the hypothalamus , causing increased appetite and depressed secretion of gonadotropin . It seems to affect males mostly. Many overweight children may appear to have the disorder because of the concurrence of obesity and retarded sexual development these children have no endocrine disturbances, however, and they mature normally after delayed puberty . Synonyms It has several other names ref http www.rarediseases.org search rdbdetail abstract.html?disname Froelich 27s 20Syndrome National Organisation for Rare Disorders Froelich s syndrome ref Babinski Fr hlich syndrome ref WhoNamedIt synd 1792 Babinski Fr chlich syndrome ref named after Joseph Babinski ref J. F. Babinski. Tumeur du corps pituitaire sans acrom galie et avec arr t de d veloppement des organes g nitaux. Revue neurologique, Paris, 1900, 8 531 535. ref and Alfred Fr hlich , ref A. Fr hlich. Ein Fall von Tumor der Hypophysis cerebri ohne Akromegalie. Wiener klinische Rundschau, 1901, 15 833 836 906 908. ref but probably first described by Giovanni Battista Morgagni Morgagni . Fact date November 2007 It was given its name by Harvey Cushing . ref name pmid17969845 cite journal author Z rate A, Saucedo R title The adiposogenital distrophy or Fr ... more details
is the test of choice to distinguish primary polydipsia from diabetes insipidus . In primary polydipsia, the urine osmolality should increase and stabilize at above 280 Osm kg with fluid restriction ... more details
Letter NumberCombination PC PE OD QD Wiktionarypar Pd PD PD , P.D. , or Pd may refer to Political parties Democratic Party of Albania Partia Demokratike Democratic Party Indonesia Partai Demokrat Democratic Liberal Party Romania Partidul Democrat Democratic Party Italy Partito Democratico People s Democracy , a defunct political organization in Ireland Progressive Democrats , political party in the Republic of Ireland Democratic Party demokraci.pl Partia Demokratyczna demokraci.pl , Poland Physical sciences Palladium chemical element symbol Partial discharge , an undesirable discharge phenomenon in high voltage dielectrics Photodiode Potential difference voltage Medicine Cell surface protein PD 1 Paleolithic diet , a diet based on presumed ancient diet Parkinson s disease , a degenerative neurological condition Peritoneal dialysis Personality disorder Physical Diagnosis , a course in Medical School Polydipsia Progressive disease , oncology term Pupillary distance in optometry Computer programs Perfect Dark P2P , a Japanese peer to peer file sharing P2P application designed for use with Microsoft Windows Pure Data the graphical audio processing language Video games Perfect Dark series Perfect Dark series , a series of video games that includes the following titles Perfect Dark , the debut video game in the series Perfect Dark Game Boy Color Perfect Dark Game Boy Color , the second video game in the series Perfect Dark Xbox Live Arcade Perfect Dark Xbox Live Arcade , the remake of the original game Pok mon Diamond and Pearl , fourth installments of Pok mon game Polyphony Digital , developer of the Gran Turismo series. List of Mario series characters Princess Daisy Princess Daisy , a Nintendo character Places Province of Padua , Italy ISO 3166 2 IT Economics and business Personal development , as used in the self help and personal growth industry Probability of default , used in finance Basel II Professional degree , or First professional degree Professional developmen ... more details
refimprove date March 2008 Infobox Disease Name Nephronophthisis Image Caption DiseasesDB 29224 ICD10 ICD10 Q 61 8 q 60 ICD9 ICD9 753.16 ICDO OMIM 256100 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Nephronophthisis is a genetic disorder of the kidneys which affects children. It is classified as a medullary cystic kidney disease . The disorder is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion and, although rare, is the most common genetic cause of childhood kidney failure. It is a form of ciliopathy . ref name pmid21071979 cite journal author Hurd TW, Hildebrandt F title Mechanisms of nephronophthisis and related ciliopathies journal Nephron Exp. Nephrol. volume 118 issue 1 pages e9 e14 year 2011 pmid 21071979 doi 10.1159 000320888 url http content.karger.com produktedb produkte.asp?typ fulltext&file 000320888 ref Symptoms Infantile, juvenile, and adolescent forms of nephronophthisis have been identified. Although the range of characterizations is broad, patients typically present with polyuria production of large volume of urine , polydipsia excessive liquid intake , and mild proteinuria the abnormal appearance of protein in the urine , and after several months to years, end stage kidney disease , a condition necessitating either dialysis or a kidney transplant in order to survive. Approximately 10 of individuals with nephronophthisis also have so called extra renal symptoms which can include blindness, liver problems, severe global developmental delay or mental retardation, and neurologic involvement in which the cerebellum is affected. Histology Histologically, nephronophthisis is characterized by fibrosis and the formation of cysts in a specific region of the kidney. In contrast to other cystic diseases of the kidney in which the kidneys are larger than usual, in nephronophthisis the kidneys are small to normal in size. Pathophysiology Image autorecessive.svg thumb right Nephronophthisis has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. From sequencing the DNA ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Cerebral salt wasting syndrome Image Caption DiseasesDB 32234 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 354 MeshID Cerebral salt wasting syndrome CSWS is a rare disease rare endocrine condition featuring hyponatremia low blood sodium concentration and dehydration in response to trauma injury or the presence of tumors in or surrounding the brain . This form of hyponatraemia is due to excessive renal sodium excretion resulting from a centrally mediated process. The condition was initially described in 1950. ref cite journal author Peters JP, Welt LG, Sims EA, Orloff J, Needham J title A salt wasting syndrome associated with cerebral disease journal Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians volume 63 issue pages 57 64 year 1950 pmid 14855556 doi url ref Symptoms Primary symptoms include polyuria at least 2.5 liters in the course of 24 hours, for adults due to inadequate sodium retention in the body, polydipsia excessive thirst due to polyuria, extreme salt cravings e.g. desire to drink pickle juice , dysautonomia , and dehydration . Patients often self medicate by naturally gravitating toward a high sodium diet and by dramatically increasing their water intake. Advanced symptoms include muscle cramps , lightheadedness, dizziness or Vertigo medical vertigo , feelings of anxiety or panic not mentally induced , tachycardia rapid heart rate or bradycardia slow heart rate , hypotension and orthostatic hypotension sometimes resulting in syncope medicine syncope . ref name isbn0 07 147247 9 Other symptoms frequently associated with dysautonomia include headaches , pallor , malaise , facial flushing, constipation or diarrhea , nausea , acid reflux , visual disturbances, numbness, nerve pain, trouble breathing, chest pains, loss of consciousness and seizures . ref name isbn0 07 147247 9 cite book author Tierney, Lawrence M. McPhee, Stephen J. Papadakis, Maxine A. title Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2007 Current Medical Diagnosis and Tre ... more details
Infobox disease Name Bartter syndrome Image Gray1128.png Caption Scheme of renal tubule and its vascular supply. DiseasesDB 1254 ICD10 ICD10 E 26 8 e 20 ICD9 ICD9 255.13 ICDO OMIM 601678 OMIM mult OMIM2 241200 OMIM2 607364 OMIM2 602522 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 213 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 ped 210 MeshID D001477 Bartter syndrome is a rare inherited defect in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle . It is characterized by low potassium levels hypokalemia , decreased acidity of blood alkalosis , and normal to low blood pressure. There are two types of Bartter syndrome neonatal and classic. A closely associated disorder, Gitelman syndrome , is milder than both subtypes of Bartter syndrome. Features In 90 of cases, neonatal Bartter syndrome is seen between 24 and 30 weeks of gestation with excess Amniotic sac amniotic fluid polyhydramnios . After birth, the infant is seen to urinate and drink excessively polyuria , and polydipsia , respectively . Life threatening dehydration may result if the infant does not receive adequate fluids. About 85 of infants dispose of excess amounts of calcium in the urine hypercalciuria and kidneys nephrocalcinosis , which may lead to kidney stone s. In rare occasions, the infant may progress to renal failure. Patients with classic Bartter syndrome may have symptoms in the first two years of life, but they are usually diagnosed at school age or later. Like infants with the neonatal subtype, patients with classic Bartter syndrome also have polyuria, polydipsia, and a tendency to dehydration, but normal or just slightly increased urinary calcium excretion without the tendency to develop kidney stones. These patients also have vomiting and growth retardation. Kidney function is also normal if the disease is treated, ref name Rodriguez cite journal author Rodriguez Soriano J title Bartter and related syndromes the puzzle is almost solved journal Pediatr Nephrol year 1998 pages 315 27 volume 12 issue 4 pmid 9655365 doi ... more details
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