Refimprove date February 2011 In computer science , patternmatching is the act of checking some sequence ... science sequences or tree structure s. Uses of patternmatching include outputting the locations ... the matchingpattern with some other token sequence I.e., search and replace . Sequence ... languages rely on patternmatching for the fundamental way a program evaluates into a result. History Expand section date May 2008 The first computer programs to use patternmatching were text editors ... with patternmatching constructs include SNOBOL from 1962, SASL programming language SASL from ... programming language with tree based patternmatching features was Fred McBride s extension of LISP ... patterns The simplest pattern in patternmatching is an explicit value or a variable. For an example ... evaluates to A 1, A 2 Patternmatching in Mathematica In Mathematica , the only structure that exists ... to a 1 , a 2 Patternmatching applies to the structure of expressions. In the example below ... ML programming language ML style patternmatching to case analysis and proof by exhaustion . Patternmatching and strings By far the most common form of patternmatching involves strings of characters ... patternmatching within the same framework that has been discussed throughout this article. Tree ... for a list with some elements is thus code element list code . When patternmatching, we assert ... on one kind of patternmatching PCRE Perl Compatible Regular Expressions, a common modern implementation of string patternmatching ported to many languages Unification computing Unification , a similar concept in Prolog . Tom patternmatching language glob programming REBOL parse REBOL parse dialect for patternmatching used to implement language dialects AWK AWK language References Refbegin The Mathematica ... The Haskell 98 Report, chapter http haskell.org onlinereport exps.html patternmatching 3.17 Pattern ... Haskell Patternmatching http www.haskell.org tutorial patterns.html A Gentle Introduction to Haskell ... more details
Wikify date January 2011 Expert subject Computer science article date March 2009 In computer science Compressed Pattern Matching or CPM is the process of searching for pattern in compressed data with little or no decompression. Searching in a compressed string is faster than searching an uncompressed string and requires less space. Approximate CPM Empty section date March 2009 Multi Pattern CPM Expand section date March 2009 Aho Corasick technique Empty section date January 2011 Boyer Moore technique Empty section date January 2011 Bit parallel technique Empty section date January 2011 External links http citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc summary?doi 10.1.1.44.5521 Almost optimal fully LZW compressed pattern matching http cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw yen papers compsac2002.pdf A Dictionary based Compressed Pattern Matching Algorithm http citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc summary?doi 10.1.1.50.1745 A unifying framework for compressed pattern matching http www.i.kyushu u.ac.jp takeda papers IPSJ40.pdf Speeding Up String Pattern Matching by Text Compression The Dawn of a New Era http citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc summary?doi 10.1.1.15.4609 Shift and approach to pattern matching in LZW compressed text References reflist DEFAULTSORT Compressed Pattern Matching Category Data compression Category Pattern matching Category Computer data comp sci stub ... more details
Infobox Software name Tom logo screenshot paradigm Patternmatching caption developer latest release version http gforge.inria.fr frs ?group id 78&release id 4095 2.7 latest release date 2009 05 25 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Cross platform platform genre program transformation language license GPL , BSD licenses website http tom.loria.fr Portal Free software Tom is a programming language particularly well suited for programming various transformations on Tree structure tree structures and XML based documents. Tom is a language extension which adds new matching primitives to C programming language C and Java programming language Java as well as support for rewrite rules systems. The rules can be controlled using a strategy language. Tom is good for programming by patternmatching developing compilers and Domain specific language DSL transforming XML documents implementing rule based systems describing algebraic transformations External links http tom.loria.fr Tom language website http gforge.inria.fr projects tom Tom gforge website http tom.loria.fr wiki index.php5 Documentation Tutorial and Reference Manual Category Programming language implementation Category Patternmatching Category Graph rewriting pt Tom inform tica ... more details
wiktionary matchingMatching may refer to Matching graph theory , in graph theory, a set of edges without common vertices Matching statistics , a technique for reducing bias when analyzing data from observational studies String matching , in computer science Matchmaking , any process of introducing people for the purpose of marriage. Patternmatching Impedance matching , in electronics, attempting to make the output impedance of a source equal to the input impedance of the load to which it is ultimately connected Matching principle , an accounting method Matching theory macroeconomics regards job matching, assigning candidates to vacancies Matching donations As a placename Matching, Essex , England. Matching Tye , Essex, England. Matching Green , Essex, England. See also Match disambiguation disambig de Matching ja ... more details
Other uses Cleanup rewrite date May 2009 Unreferenced date May 2007 Wiktionarypar pattern A pattern , from ... if the things that are created have enough in common for the underlying pattern to be inferred, in which case the things are said to exhibit the unique pattern. The most basic patterns, called ... . Some plants, like Fern s, even generate a pattern using an affine transformation which combines Translation geometry translation , scaling, rotation and Reflection physics reflection . Patternmatching is the act of checking for the presence of the constituents of a pattern, whereas the detecting for underlying patterns is referred to as pattern recognition . The question of how a pattern emerges is accomplished through the work of the scientific field of pattern formation . Pattern recognition ... often follow the N VP noun verb phrase pattern, but some knowledge of the English language is required to detect the pattern. Computer science , ethology , and psychology are fields which study patterns. A pattern has an integrity independent of the medium by virtue of which you have received the information that it exists. Each of the chemical elements is a pattern integrity. Each individual is a pattern integrity. The pattern integrity of the human individual is evolutionary and not static ... of Thinking 1975 , http www.rwgrayprojects.com synergetics s05 p0400.html 505 Pattern Integrity ... One recurring pattern in a single piece of art may constitute a Motif visual arts motif . The golden ... a ratio such that a b a a b a b being the golden ratio . This pattern was exploited by Leonardo da ... works of art today. This is still used by many artists . Art is the imposing of a pattern on experience, and our aesthetic enjoyment is recognition of the pattern. Alfred North Whitehead 1861 1947 ... is commonly described as the Science of Pattern. Any sequence of numbers that may be modeled by a mathematical function is considered a pattern. In Pattern theory , mathematicians attempt to describe ... more details
otheruses In The Chronicles of Amber series of fantasy novels, The Pattern is an inscribed labyrinth which gives the Parallel universe fiction multiverse its order. The Pattern The Pattern exists in a huge cavern, in the caves beneath the mountain Kolvi, deep under Amber Castle. The Pattern is a single ... along the Pattern to its center in order to gain the power to walk among shadows &mdash Parallel ... they walk into or that the shadows already exist and that the pattern walker merely enters them ... upon the Pattern, he must continue following its labyrinthine course to the center stopping for too long, or leaving the pathway of the Pattern, results in a terrible death. Walking the Pattern is not an easy ... to let up a bit. Once at the Pattern s center, the walker has acquired the power to walk in Shadow. As well, being at the center gives him the opportunity to command the Pattern to send him ... of a Primal pattern located when the Unicorn of Order leads Corwin to a previously unseen location. The Primal Pattern is guarded by a purple Griffin named Wixer that apparently has also been placed ... much of his mental faculties. This Primal Pattern is damaged prior to the events of Nine Princes In Amber by the spilling of Amberite blood on the Pattern the blood of Martin, son of Random, Oberon s youngest acknowledged child. Oberon attempts to repair the Pattern, although he realizes the process will kill him. Brand, whom Dworkin acknowledged as his most apt pupil in study on the Pattern ... Pattern that there cannot be two such centers of order in the multiverse, and that it is necessary to destroy Corwin s Pattern before he can inscribe his own. However, Oberon successfully repairs the Pattern, and it is seen to coexist peacefully with Corwin s Pattern possibly because both are merely reflections of the Pattern in the Jewel of Judgment. It is implied that nobody could successfully repair the damaged Pattern perfectly , or reproduce it as it originally was and that their own personality ... more details
orphan date December 2007 Elastic matching is one of the pattern recognition technique in computer science . Elastic matching EM is also known as deformable template, flexible matching, or nonlinear template matching. Elastic matching can be defined as an optimization problem of two dimensional warping specifying corresponding pixel s between subjected images. References cite journal last Uchida first Seiichi title A Survey of Elastic Matching Techniques for Handwritten Character Recognition. journal IEICE TRANS. INF. & SYST. volume VOL.E88 D issue No. 8 date August 2005 Category Classification algorithms Category Machine learning ... more details
Probability matching is a suboptimal decision strategy in which predictions of class membership are proportional to the class base rates . Thus, if in the training set positive examples are observed 60 of the time, and negative examples are observed 40 of the time, the observer using a probability matching strategy will predict for unlabeled examples a class label of positive on 60 of instances, and a class label of negative on 40 of instances. The optimal Bayesian decision theory Bayesian decision strategy to maximize the number of correct predictions, see Harvtxt Duda Hart Stork 2001 in such a case is to always predict positive i.e., predict the majority category in the absence of other information . The suboptimal probability matching strategy is of psychological interest because it is frequently employed by human subjects in decision and classification studies. References Citation surname1 Duda given1 Richard O. surname2 Hart given2 Peter E. surname3 Stork given3 David G. title Pattern Classification publisher John Wiley & Sons place New York year 2001 Edition 2 url http www.wiley.com WileyCDA WileyTitle productCd 0471056693.html Category Machine learning Category Decision theory Category Cognitive science statistics stub ... more details
to follow a matchingpattern. ref name Snyder et al. 03 Notes reflist 2 References Baum, W.M. ...In operant conditioning , the matching law is a quantitative relationship that holds between the relative ... made and the details of the experimental situation. Stated simply, the matching law suggests that an animal ... for response alternatives. The matching law was first formulated by R.J. Herrnstein 1961 following ... 1 sub and Rf sub 2 sub , the strict matching law holds that the relative response rate R sub 1 sub ... Subsequent research has shown that data normally depart from strict matching, but are fitted to a very good approximation by a power function generalization of the strict matching Baum, 1974 , math ... to as bias and sensitivity respectively. This generalized matching law accounts for high ... to be around 0.8, whereas the value required for strict matching would be 1.0. ref Baum, W.M. 1974 . On two types of deviation from the matching law Bias and undermatching. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior , 22, 231 242. ref ref Davison, M., & McCarthy, D. 1988 . The matching law A research review . Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum. ref The matching law is theoretically important for two ... Freedom and Dignity . However this challenge is only serious if the scope of the matching law can be extended ..., matching has been observed in some experiments, ref Bradshaw, C.M., Szabadi, E., & Bevan ... Analysis of Behavior , 26, 135 141. ref but wide deviations from matching have been found in others .... Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior , 59, 29 60. doi 10.1901 jeab.1993.59 29 ref The matching ... Analysis of Behavior . Role in the development of psychopathology The matching law greatly expands ... psychopathology. ref Strand, P.S. 2001 Momentum, Matching, and Meaning Toward a Fuller Exploitation of Operant Principles. The Behavior Analyst Today , 2 3 , 170 184 ref Response matching ... Soetaert 2003 The Application of Response Allocation Matching to Understanding Risk Mechanisms in Development ... more details
Template matching ref R. Brunelli, Template Matching Techniques in Computer Vision Theory and Practice ... edges in images. ref WANG, CHING YANG, Ph.D. EDGE DETECTION USING TEMPLATE MATCHING IMAGE PROCESSING ... Template matching can be subdivided between two approaches feature based and template based matching ... metrics to find the best matching location of the template in the source image. The template based ... potentially large amounts of points in order to determine the best matching location. ref Li, Yuhai, L. Jian, T. Jinwen, X. Honbo. A fast rotated template matching based on point feature. Proceedings ... constitutes the matching image, a template based approach may be effective. As aforementioned, since template based template matching may potentially require sampling of a large number of points, it is possible ... match, it may be useful to implement the use of eigenspace s templates that detail the matching object ..., or acceptable matching object poses . For example, if the user was looking for a face, the eigenspaces ... lighting conditions, or with different expressions. It is also possible for the matching image to be obscured ... become ambiguous. ref F. Jurie and M. Dhome. Real time robust template matching. In British ... the template image into multiple sub images and perform matching on each subdivision. Template based matching and convolution A basic method of template matching uses a convolution mask template ..., using template matching is to compare the intensities of the pixel s, using the SAD Sum of absolute ... position.bestSAD SAD source One way to perform template matching on color images is to decompose the pixel ... through the use of the convolution theorem . Another way of speeding up the matching process is through ... Translation, scale, rotation and threshold invariant pattern recognition system . The University ... Matching Invariant to Rotation, Scale, Translation, Brightness and Contrast, IEEE Pacific Rim .... ref Improving the accuracy of the matching Improvements can be made to the matching method by using ... more details
Infobox military structure name Royal Air Force Station Matching BR Royal Air Force Station Matching Green BR USAAF Station AAF 166 Image Ensign of the Royal Air Force.svg 90px Image Patch9thusaaf.png 60px location Located Near Harlow , Essex , England coordinates Coord 51 47 03 N 000 14 34 E image Image Matching aug1943.jpg 300px caption Matching airfield photographed on 1 August 1943 while still under construction. type Military airfield code MT built 1943 builder materials height used 1944 1946 demolished condition ownership controlledby United States Army Air Forces br Royal Air Force garrison Ninth Air Force br RAF Bomber Command commanders occupants 391st Bombardment Group br No 38 Group ... Essex caption RAF Matching, shown within Essex lat 51.78 long 0.24 width 200 Image Match 391bg b26 1.jpg ... b26 2.jpg thumb Martin B 26B 50 MA Marauder Serial 42 95835 of the 391st Bomb Group. RAF Station Matching also known as Matching Green is a former World War II airfield in Essex , England. The airfield ... Matching airfield was constructed during 1943 by the 834th and 840th Engineer Battalions Aviation of the United ... angles to each other in a triangular pattern. The airfield consisted of three runways of 6,000 ... Matching was known as USAAF Station AAF 166 for security reasons by the USAAF during the war, and by which ... The first combat organisation, the 391st Bombardment Group , arrived at Matching on 26 January 1944 ... the 391st s operations from Matching before the group moved onto the continent, transferring to Roye ... of the 391st to France, this was the end of Matching airfield s association with the Ninth Air ... to Matching later in 1944 for exercises with British paratroops. The next occupants were the Short ... plaque to the men of the 391st Bomb Group is housed in Matching Church. See also Portal box ... http merlinsroared.tripod.com id2.html USAAF Station 166 Matching, Essex USAAF 9th Air Force UK DEFAULTSORT Matching Category Airfields of the 9th Bombardment Division in the United Kingdom Category ... more details
infobox UK place country England official name Matching Tye latitude 51.778979 longitude 0.204234 population 635 population ref ref http www.eppingforestdc.gov.uk council services planning census matching.asp Parish Profile Matching . Epping Forest District Council. ref civil parish Matching, Essex Matching shire district Epping Forest district Epping Forest shire county Essex region East of England constituency westminster Brentwood and Ongar UK Parliament constituency Brentwood and Ongar post town HARLOW postcode district CM17 postcode area CM dial code 01279 os grid reference Matching Tye is a village which forms part of the civil parish of Matching, in the County of Essex , England . It is located 2.3 miles 3.7 km East of Harlow , 2.9 Miles 4.8 km South East of Sawbridgeworth and 6.3 miles 10.4 km North East of Epping . ref http uk.epodunk.com profiles england matching tye 3001976.html Scalable map of the Matching Tye region ref Matching Parish make up Matching, Essex MatchingMatching Green Matching Tye Notable residents past and present Actor & Comedian, Rik Mayall ref http www.nndb.com people 809 000060629 ref ref http stason.org TULARC tv rik mayall 02 Personal info Rik Mayall.html ref External links http matchingcouncil.org.uk index.php Matching Parish Council References Reflist Epping Forest Essex Category Epping Forest Category Villages in Essex pl Matching Tye ... more details
A matching gift or matching donation is a Charitable organization charitable gift made toward a non profit organization by a matching donor usually a company or an individual under the provision that an original donor first makes a gift toward that organization. Typically, the original donor must be affiliated with the matching donor for example, s he may be employment employed by the matching donor. For example, a donor who works for a matching gift corporation such as a bank may decide to make a gift to his or her alma mater university. Since this bank is a matching gift corporation, it will match the donor s 100 gift to the university, for a total of 200. In this manner, a donor can increase the value of his or her gift simply by participating in the matching program, and will be recognized at that giving level by the university. Matched gifts are most commonly equal to the amount given by the original donor, i.e. a 1 1 ratio. For example, if a donor makes a gift of 100 to an organization, a company that matches their gift will match the 100, making the total gift 200. While 1 1 matches are the most common, matching gifts can be of a variety of ratios, including 0.5 1 the matching company giving 50 for every 100 given by the donor and 3 1 the matching company giving 300 for every 100 given by the donor . Some matching gift corporations offer matching gift programs to the spouse s of their company employees and retirement retiree s from their companies. In lieu of a formal matching gift program, some well known corporations such as Apple Inc. Apple provide other charitable support, such as donated computers, to their non profit organizations of choice. Non profit organizations .... Non profit organizations encourage more giving and generally raise more funds when matching gifts are offered ... of company that offer matching gifts http www.ashanet.org Dbase inv give matching.html ASHA list of companies that offer matching gifts References Unreferenced date November 2007 Category Giving ... more details
infobox UK place country England official name Matching Green civil parish Matching, Essex Matching latitude 51.771607 longitude 0.233288 population 635 population ref ref http www.eppingforestdc.gov.uk council services planning census matching.asp Parish Profile Matching . Epping Forest District Council. ref shire district Epping Forest district Epping Forest shire county Essex region East of England constituency westminster Brentwood and Ongar UK Parliament constituency Brentwood and Ongar post town HARLOW postcode district CM17 postcode area CM dial code 01279 os grid reference Matching Green is a village which forms part of the civil parish of Matching, in the County of Essex , England . It is located convert 3.0 mi km 1 east of Harlow , convert 4.5 mi km 1 north west of Chipping Ongar and convert 3.9 mi km 1 south east of Sawbridgeworth . The village has one of the largest village green village greens in Essex. Its almost triangular shape extends to 5.6 hectares 13.8 acres and is lined along each edge by a variety of mainly detached cottages and houses ranging in age from the 14th to the 19th century, twenty eight of which are listed buildings. Since there are relatively few trees, the buildings are important in defining the shape and size of the green. Matching Parish make up Matching, Essex MatchingMatching Green Matching Tye Transport Bus class wikitable Route Number Route Operational Details 47 access icon 15px Harlow to Moreton, Essex Moreton via Matching Green Tue Sat 1 return journey 147 access icon 15px Harlow to Ongar via Matching Green Wed Only 1 return journey end Also see List of bus routes in Essex External links http matchingcouncil.org.uk index.php Matching Parish Council http www.thechequersmatchinggreen.co.uk The Chequers Pub & Restaurant http mgcc.hitscricket.com default.aspx Matching Green Cricket Club http www.matchinggreenprimaryschool.com Matching ... in Essex pl Matching Green ... more details
infobox UK place country England official name Matching civil parish Matching latitude 51.784982 longitude 0.209478 population 635 population ref ref http www.eppingforestdc.gov.uk council services planning census matching.asp Parish Profile Matching . Epping Forest District Council. ref shire district Epping Forest district Epping Forest shire county Essex region East of England constituency westminster Brentwood and Ongar UK Parliament constituency Brentwood and Ongar post town HARLOW postcode district CM17 postcode area CM dial code 01279 os grid reference static image File Matching, Essex geograph.org.uk 153906.jpg 240px static image caption small St. Mary the Virgin church and a 15th century house small Matching is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district Epping Forest district of the County of Essex , England . A World War II airfield, RAF Matching , was located nearby. The Wales Welsh poet and clergyman, John Morgan poet John Morgan , was curate 1713 &ndash 1728 and then vicar 1728&ndash 1733 or 1734 here, and as a result gained the nickname John Morgan Matchin no g on the end, that s deliberate. . ref cite web url http www.oxforddnb.com view article 62912 title Morgan, John 1688&ndash 1733 4 last Edwards first Huw M. work Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online edition, subscription access publisher Oxford University Press year 2004 accessdate 2008 04 10 ref Matching Parish make up MatchingMatching Green Matching Tye Hobbs Cross, Matching Hobbs Cross The farm Harlow Tye is sometimes referred to as a hamlet in its own right. Citation needed date October 2010 References Reflist Epping Forest Essex Category Epping Forest Category Civil parishes in Essex Category Villages in Essex Essex geo stub nl Matching pl Matching Essex ... more details
Cashflow matching is a process of Hedge finance hedging in which a company or other entity matches its cash outflows i.e. financial obligations with its cash inflows. See also Cash flow hedging Duration gap Dedicated Portfolio Theory Fannie Mae External links http www.soa.org library research transactions of society of actuaries 1988 january tsa88v40pt115.pdf Algorithms for cash flow matching by Rama Kocherlakota, E. S. Rosenbloom, Elias Shiu http www.washingtonpost.com wp srv business longterm glossary a m cash flow matching.htm Cash flow matching Category Corporate finance Category Derivatives finance econ stub it Cash flow matching ... more details
Brace matching , or parentheses matching , is a syntax highlighting feature of certain text editor s and integrated development environment s that highlights matching sets of braces in languages such as Java programming language Java and C that use them. The purpose is to help the programmer navigate through the code and also spot any improper matching, which would cause the program to not compile or malfunction. If a closing brace is left out, for instance, the compiler will not know that the end of a block of code has been reached. Brace matching is particularly useful when many nested if statement s, program loop s, etc. are involved. Implementations Vim text editor Vim s command does brace matching, ref http heather.cs.ucdavis.edu matloff ProgEdit ProgEdit.html L2314 Norm Matloff s Text Editor Web Page for Programming Students Bot generated title ref and NetBeans has brace matching built in. ref http bits.netbeans.org dev javadoc org netbeans modules editor bracesmatching overview summary.html Overview Editor Braces Matching Bot generated title ref Brace matching can also be a tool for code navigation. In Visual Studio ref http msdn.microsoft.com en us library be94e8aw.aspx Automatic Brace Matching in Visual Studio ref C 6.0, brace matching behavior was set to ignore braces found in comments. In VSC 7.0, its behavior was changed to compute commented braces. ref http connect.microsoft.com VisualStudio feedback ViewFeedback.aspx?FeedbackID 100587 Feedback braces matching behavior Bot generated title ref IntelliJ IDEA s Ruby on Rails plugin also enables braces matching. ref http www.ajaxline.com node 344 IntelliJ IDEA supports Ruby and Ruby on Rails AjaxLine Bot generated title ref It has been proposed that Perl 5 be modified to facilitate braces matching. ref http dev.perl.org perl6 rfc 145.html Brace matching for Perl Regular Expressions perl6 Bot generated title ref The Microsoft Excel 2003 formula bar has parentheses matching. Its implementation shows all the pairs ... more details
ForensicScience image Blood vessels in the human arm.png Vein matching , also called vascular technology , ref name WP 20110120 report cite news last Finn first Peter url http www.washingtonpost.com wp dyn content article 2011 01 19 AR2011011907114.html title Report Top al Qaeda figure killed Pearl newspaper The Washington Post date January 20, 2011 accessdate January 21, 2011 ref is a technique of biometrics biometric forensic identification identification through the analysis of the patterns of blood vessel s visible from the surface of the skin. ref name ABC 20110120 murder cite news last Blackburn first Bradley url http abcnews.go.com US report justice served murder daniel pearl story?id 12721909 title Report Says Justice Not Served in Murder of Daniel Pearl, Wall Street Journal Reporter publisher ABC News pages 1 2 date January 20, 2011 accessdate January 20, 2011 ref Though used by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Central Intelligence Agency , ref name CNN 20110120 confession cite news last Cratty first Carol url http www.cnn.com 2011 WORLD asiapcf 01 20 pakistan.daniel.pearl.execution title Photos of hands backed up Pearl slaying confession, report finds publisher CNN date January 20, 2011 accessdate January 21, 2011 ref this method of identification is still in development ..., 2011 ref Commercial applications Vascular vein pattern recognition VPR technology has been developed ... vein running across his hand. ref name Wired 20110120 implicate The FBI and the CIA used the matching ... and used vein matching evidence to bolster their case. ref name ABC 20110120 murder See also ... www.springerlink.com content 84625090872p1287 title Palm Vein Extraction and Matching for Personal Authentication ... Recognition Based on Tri value Template Fuzzy Matching work Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS International ... first3 Rui url http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 1656145 title A new palm vein matching method based ... combining modified hausdorff distance with minutiae feature matching at TheFreeLibrary.com The Free ... more details
In graph theory , a branch of mathematics, the matching preclusion number of a graph G denoted mp G is the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in the destruction of a perfect matching or near perfect matching a matching that covers all but one vertex in a graph with an odd number of vertices . ref citation last1 Brigham first1 Robert C. last2 Harary first2 Frank author2 link Frank Harary last3 Violin first3 Elizabeth C. last4 Yellen first4 Jay journal Congressus Numerantium pages 185 192 publisher Utilitas Mathematica Publishing, Inc. title Perfect matching preclusion volume 174 year 2005 . ref Matching preclusion measures the robustness of a graph as a communications network topology for distributed algorithm s that require each node of the distributed system to be matched with a neighboring partner node. ref name cl07 In many graphs, mp G is equal to the minimum degree graph theory degree of any vertex in the graph, because deleting all edges incident to a single vertex prevents it from being matched. This set of edges is called a trivial matching preclusion set. ref name cl07 citation last1 Cheng first1 Eddie last2 Lipt k first2 L szl doi 10.1002 net.20187 issue 2 journal Networks pages 173 180 title Matching preclusion for some interconnection networks volume 50 year 2007 . ref A variant definition, the conditional matching preclusion number , asks for the minimum number of edges the deletion of which results in a graph that has neither a perfect or near perfect matching nor any isolated vertices. ref citation last1 Cheng first1 Eddie last2 Lesniak first2 Linda last3 Lipman first3 Marc J. last4 Lipt k first4 L szl doi 10.1016 j.ins.2008.10.029 issue 8 journal Information Sciences pages 1092 1101 title Conditional matching preclusion sets volume 179 year ... issue 27 29 journal Theoretical Computer Science pages 2632 2640 title Conditional matching ... Category Graph invariants Category Matching combin stub ... more details
Solutions. In the mathematical discipline of graph theory , a 3 dimensional matching is a generalization of bipartite matching a.k.a. 2 dimensional matching to 3 uniform hypergraph s. Finding a largest 3 dimensional matching is a well known NP hard problem in computational complexity theory . Definition ... Y , and z Z . Now M T is a 3 dimensional matching if the following holds for any ... dimensional matching M with M 2, and Figure c shows a 3 dimensional matching M with M 3. The matching M illustrated in Figure c is a maximum 3 dimensional matching , i.e., it maximises M . The matching illustrated in Figures b c are maximal 3 dimensional matchings , i.e., they cannot be extended by adding more elements from T . Comparison with bipartite matching A 2 dimensional matching can be defined in a completely analogous manner. Let X and Y be finite, disjoint sets, and let T be a subset of X Y . Now M T is a 2 dimensional matching ... 1 sub y sub 2 sub . In the case of 2 dimensional matching, the set T can be interpreted as the set ... in X to a vertex in Y . A 2 dimensional matching is then a Matching graph theory matching in the graph ... a common vertex . Comparison with set packing A 3 dimensional matching is a special case of a set ... Y Z then a 3 dimensional matching M consists of pairwise disjoint subsets. Decision problem In computational complexity theory, 3 dimensional matching is also the name of the following ... matching M T with M k . This decision problem is known to be NP complete ... matching is not only a set packing but also an exact cover the set M covers each element of X ... 15.7. ref Optimization problem A maximum 3 dimensional matching is a largest 3 dimensional matching ... a set T , find a 3 dimensional matching M T that maximizes M . Since the decision problem ... time algorithm for finding a maximum 3 dimensional matching. However, there are efficient ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Number matching or matching numbers is a term often used in the collecting collector car industry to describe cars with original major components, or major components that match one another. Many times these major components contain dates, casting numbers, model numbers, Vehicle ... 1 Motor Mart Matching Numbers Bot generated title ref Definition The term number matching or matching numbers is a term used in the collector car industry to describe the authenticity of collectible or investment quality cars. Number matching generally means that a particular car still contains ... of a number matching car likely could not distinguished from an original car. A site by the name ... risk has established a standard of specifications for a common definition of number matching and can ... be considered major components. ref http www.automedia.com Confirming a Matching Numbers Vehicle res20010101bn 1 Confirming a Matching Numbers Vehicle Automedia.com Bot generated title ref Minor Components ... components and wiring are considered minor components. How does number matching work? The numbers ... http carsatlarge.com 2006 10 numbers matching definition and.html Cars at Large Numbers Matching A definition ... and the parts used to create the car were made. If a car has number matching major components it helps define how collectible a car is. Number matching cars typically will have a much greater value than non number matching cars. Why are number matching cars collectible? Image with unknown copyright status removed Image full camaro shot.jpg right thumb A number matching SS Camaro. Number matching cars are collectible because they are much rarer than non number matching cars. ref http www.webcitation.org ... Determining Matching Numbers Bot generated title ref Number matching cars represent a look back in history at what was occurring in the automobile industry , and it may be for this reason that matching ... What is a Numbers Matching Classic Car Bot generated title ref References reflist Category ... more details
Refimprove date December 2010 Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians Name Matching Mole Img Img capt Img size Landscape Background group or band Origin Canterbury , England Years active 1971 1972 br 1973 unoffcially Genre Progressive rock br Canterbury Scene Label CBS Associated acts Soft Machine , Hatfield and the North URL Current members Past members Matching Mole was a short lived UK progressive rock musical band band from the Canterbury scene best known for the song O Caroline . Robert Wyatt formed the band in October 1971 after he left Soft Machine and recorded his first solo album The End of an Ear . He continued his role on vocals and drums and was joined by Dave Sinclair keyboardist David Sinclair , of Caravan band Caravan , on organ and piano, Phil Miller on guitar and Bill MacCormick , formerly of Quiet Sun band Quiet Sun , on bass. The name is a pun on Machine Molle , the French translation of the name of Wyatt s previous group Soft Machine . Career Matching Mole album Their first, eponymous album was released in April 1972, the bulk of which was composed ... album, Matching Mole s Little Red Record , released in November 1972 and produced by Robert .... Matching Mole disbanded in late September 1972 immediately upon completion of a European tour supporting ... 0 1em 1em border collapse collapse border 1px solid E2E2E2 big Matching Mole personnel big style background ... UK album chart positions ref width 30 sup Notes sup April 1972 Matching Mole album Matching Mole align center align Left November 1972 Matching Mole s Little Red Record align center align left Dave Sinclair ... links http www.disco robertwyatt.com images matching mole index.htm Matching Mole A complete discography ... Musical groups disestablished in 1972 de Matching Mole es Matching Mole fr Matching Mole it Matching Mole lmo Matching Mole hu Matching Mole nl Matching Mole ja no Matching Mole nn Matching Mole pl Matching Mole pt Matching Mole ... more details
File Histogram matching.PNG thumb 250px An example of histogram matching Histogram matching is a method in image processing of color mapping color adjustment of two images using the image Image histogram histograms . It is possible to use histogram matching to balance detector responses as a relative detector calibration technique. It can be used to normalize two images, when the images were acquired at the same local illumination such as shadows over the same location, but by different sensors, atmospheric conditions or global illumination. The algorithm Given two images, the reference and the adjusted images, we compute their histograms. Following, we calculate the Cumulative distribution function cumulative functions of the two images histograms math F 1 , math for the reference image and math F 2 , math for the target image. Then for each gray level math G 1 in 0,255 math , we find the gray level math G 2 , math for which math F 1 G 1 F 2 G 2 , math , and this is the result of histogram matching function math M G 1 G 2 , math . Finally, we apply the function math M , math on each pixel of the reference image. See also Histogram equalization Image histogram Color mapping Category Image processing photo stub it Histogram matching ... more details
Matching funds , a term used to describe the requirement or condition that a generally minimal amount of money or services in kind originate from the beneficiaries of financial amounts, usually for a purpose of charitable or Public interest public good . Charitable causes In example, Dr. Booker T. Washington , a famous African American educator , had a long time friendship with millionaire industrialist Henry H. Rogers Henry Huttleston Rogers who provided him with substantial amounts of money to be applied for the betterment and education of black Americans in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Dr. Washington later wrote that Henry Rogers had encouraged projects with at least partial matching funds , as that way, two ends were accomplished The gifts would help fund even greater work. Recipients would have a stake in knowing that they were helping themselves through their own hard work and sacrifice. Using the matching funds philosophy, after Rogers death, Julius Rosenwald and the Rosenwald Fund continued and expanded the work, eventually funding over 5,000 Rosenwald School s between ... grants with a requirement for matching funds. For example, the Interstate Highway System was primarily built with a mix of 90 FHWA funds from the Highway Trust Fund and 10 matching state DOT funds. In politics In American politics the term matching funds refers to the money a President of the United ... main parties as for third party candidates gaining the benefits of matching funds they must ... 18 of the vote, yet receiving no matching funds because the Reform Party did not receive 5 ... matching funds despite winning only 0.4 of the vote. The source of the funds comes from a 3 voluntary ... http www.neh.gov manage matching fund.html Federal Matching Fund Guidelines http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi in depth americas 2000 us elections glossary e f 652632.stm Federal Matching Funds Explanation provided on BBC website. Category Grants Category Charities de Matching Fund ... more details
In mathematics , the matching distance ref name dAFrLa06 Michele d Amico, Patrizio Frosini, Claudia Landi, Using matching distance in Size Theory a survey , International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 16 5 154 161, 2006. ref ref name dAFrLa10 Michele d Amico, Patrizio Frosini, Claudia Landi, Natural pseudo distance and optimal matching between reduced size functions , Acta Applicandae Mathematicae, 109 2 527 554, 2010. ref is a metric mathematics metric on the space of size function s. Image DistMatchWiki1.png thumb 500px Example The matching distance between math ell 1 r a b math and math ell 2 r a math is given by math d text match ell 1, ell 2 max delta r,r , delta b,a , delta a, Delta 4 math The core of the definition of matching distance is the observation that the information contained in a size function can be combinatorially stored in a formal series of lines and points of the plane, called respectively size function cornerlines and size function cornerpoints . Given two size functions math ell 1 math and math ell 2 math , let math C 1 math resp. math C 2 math be the multiset of all cornerpoints and cornerlines for math ell 1 math resp. math ell 2 math counted with their multiplicities, augmented by adding a countable infinity of points of the diagonal math x,y in R 2 x y math . The matching distance between math ell 1 math and math ell 2 math is given by math d text match ell 1, ell 2 min sigma max p in C 1 delta p, sigma p math where math sigma math varies among all the bijections between math C 1 math and math C 2 math and math delta left x,y , x ,y right min left max x x , y y , max left frac y x 2 , frac y x 2 right right . math Roughly speaking, the matching distance math d text match math between two size functions is the minimum, over all the matchings ... of math delta math implies that matching two points of the diagonal has no cost. References ... DEFAULTSORT Matching Distance Category Topology ... more details
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