mandated reformulated gasolines without oxygenate as reformulated gasoline. Groundwater contamination ... ethanol to displace methyl tert iary butyl ether MTBE as the most popular fuel oxygenate in the United ... alcohols prohibit the use of oxygenate compounds in fuels, as they can allow higher fuel burn ... oxygenate compound was found in the car s intake manifold during inspections. See also Oxygenation ... more details
Aquatic plant s are used to give the aquarium a natural appearance, oxygenate the water , and provide Habitat ecology habitat for fish , especially Fry biology fry babies and for invertebrate s. Some aquarium fish and invertebrates also eat live plants. Hobby aquarist s use aquatic plants for aquascaping . Mangroves Black mangrove , Avicennia germinans Red mangrove , Rhizophora mangle White mangrove , both Avicennia marina and Laguncularia racemosa Category Fishkeeping Category Aquatic plants Category Lists of plants Brackish aquarium plant species ... more details
Aquatic plant s are used to give the aquarium a natural appearance, oxygenate the water , and provide Habitat ecology habitat for fish , especially Fry biology fry babies and for invertebrate s. Some aquarium fish and invertebrates also eat live plants. Hobby aquarist s use aquatic plants for aquascaping . Seagrass es Turtle grass , Thalassia hemprichii and Thalassia testudinum Manatee grass , Syringodium filiforme Category Fishkeeping Category Aquatic plants Category Lists of plants Marine aquarium plant species ... more details
An artificial lung is a prosthesis prosthetic device that is implanted into the body to replace the biological lung s . It is different from a heart lung machine in that it is internal and designed to take over the functions of the lungs for long periods of time rather than on a temporary basis. Recent developments include a device that uses small hollow fibers and the heart s own pumping power to oxygenate blood. It may be necessary for a person to receive artificial lungs if theirs become diseased. ref http web.archive.org web 20070614112000 http www.med.umich.edu opm newspage 2002 artificiallung.htm UMHS News Release Bot generated title ref References reflist See also Heart lung machine Lung transplantation Medical ventilator medical equipment stub Category Artificial organs ... more details
THB is a three letter abbreviation that may mean The Hell Boys The Holy Bible Tetrahydrobiopterin Thai baht Baht ISO 4217 code THB , the currency in Thailand Human Trafficking , Trafficking in Human Beings THB comics THB comics , and its eponymous character T ri H ydro B i Oxygenate Thigh length boots Thigh High Boots Thomas Hart Benton painter 1889 1975 Thomas Hart Benton senator 1782 1858 , U.S. Senator from Missouri and great uncle of the painter Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo Railway Three Horses Beer , a beer made in Madagascar The Homegrown Band, a jam rock band based in Middle Tennessee disambig zh yue THB de THB fr THB it THB ... more details
refimprove date March 2011 McLaren Lake Regional Park is located in the southwest part of the Province of Saskatchewan, near the villages of Richmound and Golden Prairie, SK and Schuler, AB. The lake is approximately 2 Kms long and 0.5 Kms wide with the park area located on the east end. The lake has been stocked with rainbow trout over the last number of years and five wind powered aeration systems have been installed to oxygenate the lake during the winter months. The regional park, open from May 1st to September 15th, has powered and unpowered campsites, firepits, sewage disposal, a concession, camp kitchen, playground, showers, flush toilets, ball diamond, horseshoe pits, dock and beach area. References See Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create references using ref ref tags which will then appear here automatically Reflist External links http www.richmound.ca mclarenlake.html Categories Category Articles created via the Article Wizard Category Regional parks ... more details
globalize USA date December 2010 Unreferenced date November 2009 Gasoline additives increase gasoline s octane rating or act as corrosion inhibitor s or lubricant s, thus allowing the use of higher compression ratio s for greater efficiency and power, however some carry heavy environmental risks. Types of additives include metal deactivator s, corrosion inhibitor s, oxygenate s and antioxidant s. The Clean Air Act was put into place in January 1995 in the United States of America as part of the efforts of the Environmental Protection Agency. This act requires deposit control additive s DCAs be added to all gasolines. This type of additive is a detergent additive that acts as a cleansing agent in small passages in the carburetor or fuel injector s. This in turn serves to ensure a consistent air and fuel mixture that will contribute to better gas mileage . Additives Hybrid compound blends Combustion catalyst an organometallic compound which lowers the ignition point of fuel in the combustion chamber reducing the temperature burn from 1200 degrees to 800 degree F Catalyst additives prolongs engine life and increases fuel economy Burn rate modifier increases the fuel burn time, resulting in an increased fuel efficiency Polymerization increases fuel ignition surface area resulting in increased power from ignition Gasoline stabilizer Stabilizer demulsifier dispersant prolongs life of fuel and prevents water contamination Corrosion inhibitor prevents corrosion of tank and fuel system Deposit control additive s, acting as detergent s, clean the engine Oxygenate s Alcohols Methanol MeOH Ethanol EtOH Isopropyl alcohol IPA n Butanol n butanol BuOH Gasoline grade tert Butanol t butanol GTBA Ether s Methyl tert butyl ether MTBE Now outlawed in many states for road use. Tertiary amyl methyl ether TAME Tertiary hexyl methyl ether THEME ETBE Ethyl tertiary butyl ether ETBE Tertiary amyl ethyl ether TAEE Diisopropyl ether DIPE Antioxidant s, stabilizers Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE tert Amyl methyl ether chembox verifiedrevid 414124658 Name tert Amyl methyl ether ImageFileL1 TAME.png ImageSizeL1 120px ImageFileR1 Amyl methyl ether.png ImageSizeR1 120px IUPACName 2 methoxy 2 methylbutane Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations TAME CASNo 994 05 8 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 14 sub O Appearance Clear, colorless liquid ref name chemicalland21 MeltingPt 80 C ref name chemicalland21 BoilingPt 86.3 C ref name nicnas Solubility 10.71 g L at 20 C ref name nicnas Solvent water Section3 Chembox Hazards FlashPt 11 C ref name nicnas Autoignition 430 C ref name nicnas ExploLimits Upper Explosive Limit 7.1 Lower Explosive Limit 1.0 ref name nicnas cite web author National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme work Full Public Reports title t Amyl methyl ether TAME year 2001 url http www.nicnas.gov.au publications car new na nafullr na0800fr na878fr.pdf accessdate 2009 10 20 ref tert Amyl methyl ether TAME is an ether used as a fuel oxygenate. ref name chemicalland21 cite web title tert AMYL METHYL ETHER 1,1 DIMETHYLPROPYL METHYL ETHER work chemicalland21.com url http chemicalland21.com industrialchem solalc tert AMYL 20METHYL 20ETHER.htm accessdate 2009 10 20 ref Properties Low viscosity ref name chemicalland21 Ethereous odor ref name chemicalland21 Vapor Density is 3.52 ref name chemicalland21 Refractive Index is 1.3896 ref name chemicalland21 Unlike most ethers, does not form peroxides on storage Uses TAME is mostly used as an oxygenate to gasoline. It is added for three reasons to increase octane enhancement, to replace banned tetraethyl lead , and to raise the oxygen content in gasoline . It is known that TAME in fuel reduces exhaust gas exhaust motor vehicle emissions emissions of some volatile organic compounds. ref name chemicalland21 Toxicity When exposed to lab rats at 4000 ppm only 25 survived, the rats that died, died of central nervous system depression . ref cite journal journal Toxico ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 FiO sub 2 sub , in the field of medicine , is the fraction of inspired oxygen in a gas mixture. The FiO sub 2 sub is expressed as a number from 0 0 to 1 100 . The FiO sub 2 sub of normal room air is 0.21 21 . A patient s FiO sub 2 sub may be varied through the use of different Venturi mask s, in combination with varying oxygen flow rates. In addition, most mechanical ventilator s have controls for adjusting FiO sub 2 sub . An increased FiO sub 2 sub is necessary in managing adequate oxygenation in patients who are critically ill due to causes such as major surgery , acute lung injury , sepsis , pneumonia , congestive heart failure , or other cardiopulmonary disease. The oxygenation to a patient on a ventilator can be manipulated by changing not only FiO sub 2 sub , but also the tidal volume,the respiratory rate and having a positive end expiratory pressure PEEP . Generally the FiO sub 2 sub is maintained at less than 60 . Higher settings can lead to oxygen toxicity . Another common misconception is that the FiO sub 2 sub changes with elevation. It remains at 0.21 at all altitudes within the atmosphere. What changes is the barometric pressure of air. At altitude, therefore, the partial pressure of oxygen delivered by that 21 of oxygen is lower. The partial pressure is the driving force to oxygenate the blood and therefore a lower partial pressure makes it that much harder to get O sub 2 sub delivered to the tissues that require it, resulting in hypoxia medical hypoxia . DEFAULTSORT Fio2 Category Pulmonology Category Respiratory physiology Category Respiratory therapy Biochem stub ... more details
Image Fabada y sidra.jpg thumb right 200px Fabada Asturiana with Sidra, a typical dish of Asturias Asturian cuisine refers to the typical dishes and ingredients found in the cuisine of the Asturias region of Spain . Asturias is especially known for its seafood, such as fresh squid , crab , shrimp and sea bass . Salmon are caught in Asturian rivers, notably the Sella the first fish of the season is called campanu Bable word for campana , a bell tolled to signal the first catch. The most famous regional dish is Fabada Asturiana , a rich stew made with large white bean s fabes , pork shoulder lac n , morcilla , chorizo , and saffron azafr n . Apple groves foster the production of the traditional alcoholic drink, a natural cider sidra . It is a very dry cider, and unlike French or English natural ciders, uses predominantly acidic apples, rather than sweet or bittersweet. The proportions are acidic 40 , sub acidic 30 25 , sweet 10 15 , bittersweet 15 20 , bitter 5 . ref Museo de la Sidra, Nava Asturias , Spain. http www.museodelasidra.com ref Sidra is traditionally poured in by an expert server or escanciador the bottle is raised high above his or her head to oxygenate the brew as it moves into the glass below. A small amount 120ml is poured at a time called a cul n , as it must be drunk immediately before the sidra loses its carbonation. Any sidra left in the glass is poured onto a woodchip strewn floor or a trough along the bottom of the bar. Asturian cheeses, especially Cabrales cheese Cabrales , are also famous throughout Spain and beyond Cabrales is known for its pungent odour and strong flavour. Asturias is often called the land of cheeses el pais de los quesos due to the product s diversity and quality in this region. Other major dishes include Vicia faba faba beans with clam s, Asturian stew, frixuelos , and rice pudding . References reflist cuisine Category Asturian cuisine asturias stub spanish cuisine stub ca Gastronomia d Ast ries es Gastronom a de Asturias f ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Chembox verifiedrevid 396307361 Name Calcium peroxide ImageFile BaO2structure.jpg ImageName Calcium peroxide OtherNames E930 Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 14096 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 7FRO2ENO91 InChI 1 Ca.O2 c 1 2 q 2 2 SMILES Ca 2 . O O InChIKey LHJQIRIGXXHNLA UHFFFAOYAW StdInChI 1S Ca.O2 c 1 2 q 2 2 StdInChIKey LHJQIRIGXXHNLA UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 1305 79 9 CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS PubChem 14779 RTECS EW3865000 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula CaO sub 2 sub MolarMass 72.077 g mol Density 2.91 g cm sup 3 sup Appearance solid Solubility decomposes MeltingPt 200 C BoilingPt Appearance white to yellow powder pKa 12.5 Section3 Chembox Structure CrystalStruct Tetragonal SpaceGroup D sup 17 sup sub 4h sub , I4 mmm, Pearson symbol tI6 Coordination 6 Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS EUClass EUIndex Not listed RPhrases SPhrases LD50 br 5000 mg kg oral, rat br 10000 mg kg dermal, rat Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions Calcium oxide OtherCations Strontium peroxide br Barium peroxide br Sodium peroxide Calcium peroxide CaO sub 2 sub is a solid peroxide with a white or yellowish color. For all practical purposes calcium peroxide is insoluble in water but will dissolve in acid to form hydrogen peroxide . When in contact with water it will immediately begin to decompose releasing oxygen. Applications Calcium peroxide is manufactured to varying specifications and purity and can be used in different areas of industry and agriculture . In agriculture it is used as an oxygen fertilizer , and is also used in the presowing treatments of rice seed . Also, calcium peroxide has found use in the aquaculture industry as it is used to oxygenate and disinfect water, and in the ecological restoration industry as it is used in the treatment of soils. Calcium Peroxide is used in a similar manner to magnesium peroxide for environmental restoration programs. It is us ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 396342449 ImageFile Diisopropyl ether chemical structure.svg Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 7626 InChI 1 C6H14O c1 5 2 7 6 3 4 h5 6H,1 4H3 InChIKey ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ UHFFFAOYAC StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C6H14O c1 5 2 7 6 3 4 h5 6H,1 4H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 108 20 3 SMILES O C C C C C C Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 14 sub O MolarMass 102.18 g mol Density 0.725 g ml MeltingPt 60 C BoilingPt 69 C Section7 Chembox Hazards EUClass Flammable F EUIndex 603 045 00 X NFPA H 1 NFPA F 3 NFPA R 1 RPhrases R11 , R19 , R66 , R67 SPhrases S2 , S9 , S16 , S29 , S33 FlashPt 28 C Autoignition 443 C ExploLimits 1.4&ndash 7.9 Diisopropyl ether is secondary ether that is used as a solvent . It is a colorless liquid that is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with most organic solvents. It is also used as an oxygenate gasoline additive . Diisopropyl ether is sometimes represented by the abbreviation DIPE . Safety Diisopropyl ether tends to form explosive organic peroxide peroxides upon standing in air for long periods years . This reaction proceeds more easily than for ethyl ether , due to the secondary carbon next to the oxygen atom, which makes storage of diisopropyl ether more dangerous. The stored solvent should therefore be tested for the presence of peroxides more often recommended once every 3 months for diisopropyl ether vs. once every 12 months for ethyl ether ref name OSH Answers Organic peroxides http www.ccohs.ca oshanswers chemicals organic organic peroxide.html ref . For safety reasons, methyl tert butyl ether is often used as an alternative solvent. See also Dimethyl ether Diethyl ether Di tert butyl ether Methyl tert butyl ether External links ICSC 0906 09 ecb References Reflist Category Ethers Category Ether solvents Category Oxyg ... more details
Cooling down , also called warming down ref http www.usoc.org 12219 12316.htm Rusty Smith Warming Up & Cooling Down Make for a Better Workout ref , is the term used to describe an easy exercise that will allow the body to gradually transition from an exertional state to a resting or near resting state. Depending on the intensity of the exercise, cooling down can involve a slow jog or walk, or with lower intensities, stretching can be used. Cooling down helps remove lactic acid which can cause cramps and Joint stiffness stiffness ref Bale P, James H 1991 Massage, warmdown and rest as recuperative measures after short term intense exercise. Physiotherapy in Sport 13 4 7. ref ref Weltman A, Stamford BA, Fulco C 1979 Recovery from maximal effort exercise lactate disappearance and subsequent performance. Journal of Applied Physiology 47 677 682. ref and allows the heart rate to return to its resting rate. Contrary to popular belief, cool down does not appear to reduce delayed onset muscle soreness delayed onset muscle soreness . ref Law RYW and Herbert RD 2007 Warm up reduces delayed onset muscle soreness but cool down does not a randomised controlled trial. The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 53 91 95. ref Procedure Cool downs should involve a gradual yet continuous decrease in exercise intensity i.e. from a hard run to an easy jog to a brisk walk , stretching, and rehydration. Durations can vary for different people, but 5 10 minutes is considered adequate. Heart rate During aerobic exercise, peripheral veins, particularly those within muscle, dilate to accommodate the increased blood flow through exercising muscle. The skeletal muscle pump assists in returning blood to the heart and maintaining cardiac output. A sudden cessation of strenuous exercise may cause blood to pool in peripheral dilated veins and the heart must beat faster and harder to adequately oxygenate the body and maintain blood pressure . A cool down period allows a more gradual return to Vein Veno ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Tricuspid atresia Image Tricuspid atresia.svg Caption Anterior frontal view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. Tricuspid valve labeled at bottom left. DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 Q 22 4 q 20 ICD9 ICD9 746.1 ICDO OMIM 605067 MedlinePlus 001110 eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 2313 MeshID D018785 Tricuspid atresia is a form of congenital heart disease whereby there is a complete absence of the tricuspid valve . Therefore, there is an absence of right atrioventricular connection. This leads to a hypoplastic undersized or absent right ventricle . This defect is contracted during prenatal development, when the heart does not finish developing. It causes the heart to be unable to properly oxygenate the rest of the blood in the body. Because of this, the body does not have enough oxygen to live, and steps must be taken to keep the child alive. Because of the lack of an A V connection, an atrial septal defect ASD must be present to maintain blood flow. Also, since there is a lack of a right ventricle there must be a way to pump blood into the pulmonary arteries , and this is accomplished by a ventricular septal defect VSD . Blood is mixed in the left atrium . Because the only way the pulmonary circulation receives blood is through the VSD, a patent ductus arteriosus is usually also formed to increase pulmonary flow. Clinical manifestations progressive cyanosis poor feeding tachypnea over the first 2 weeks of life holosystolic heart murmur murmur due to the VSD left axis deviation on electrocardiography and left ventricular hypertrophy since it must pump blood to both the pulmonary and systemic systems normal heart size Treatment PGE1 to maintain patent ductus arteriosus modified Blalock Taussig shunt to maintain pulmonary blood flow by placing a Gore Tex conduit between the subclavian artery and the pulmonary artery . cavopulmonary anastomosis hemi Fontan or bidirectional Glenn to provide stable pulmonary flow Fontan procedure to r ... more details
The Zu i sequence was the major cratonic sequence after the Absaroka sequence that began in the latest Jurassic , peaked in the late Cretaceous , and ended by the start of the following Paleocene . ref Stanley, Steven M. Earth System History. p. 175 ref Though it was not the final major transgression geology transgression , it was the last complete sequence to cover the North America n craton the following Tejas sequence was much less extensive. Cause and Progression Like other sequences, the Zu i was probably caused by a Mantle geology mantle plume more specifically, the Mid Cretaceous Superplume event. A mass of unusually hot rock rose from the lower mantle to the base of the lithosphere , fueling a dramatic increase mid ocean ridge seafloor spreading rates this caused the hotter mid ocean ridges to increase in volume, thus displacing the oceans onto the continent s. ref Larson, Roger L. The Mid Cretaceous Superplume Episode . Scientific American Special Our Ever Changing Earth. p. 26 ref Sea level rose in earnest beginning in the early Cretaceous, until by Cenomanian time it was roughly 250 meters 800 Foot length feet higher than today. ref name Larson, pp. 25 6 Larson, pp. 25 6 ref This was the time of the great Western Interior Seaway and the widespread continental deposition of carbonate s and shale elsewhere. ref name Larson, pp. 25 6 , ref Stanley, pp. 479 80 ref There were also intervals where black shale accumulated in abundance on the continents, indicative of a stagnant water column apparently water in the polar oceans was too warm to sink and oxygenate the deep sea, as it does today. ref name Stanley, p. 480 Stanley, p. 480 ref Many of these black shales are now rich petroleum sources. ref name Stanley, p. 480 The waters of the Zu i sequence began to subside late in the Cretaceous period, and by early in the Cenozoic a new craton wide unconformity in North America indicates a complete regression before the Tejas sequence of the late Paleogene . ref Stan ... more details
additive, used as an oxygenate and to raise the octane number , although its use has declined in the United ... retailers have ceased using MTBE as an oxygenate and US production has declined. Similarly, lack ... for petrol gasoline engines. It is one of a group of chemicals commonly known as oxygenate s because ... 1992, MTBE has been used at higher concentrations in some gasoline to fulfill the oxygenate requirements ... compounds are available as oxygenate additives for gasoline including alcohol fuel ethanol and related .... It might be more correct to say they have been induced to do so, although any oxygenate would ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE Ethyl tert butyl ether chembox verifiedrevid 402115048 Name Ethyl tert butyl ether Reference ref Merck Index , 11th Edition, 3732 . ref ImageFile Ethyl tertiary butyl ether chemical.png ImageSize 250px ImageFile1 Ethyl tert butyl ether 3D balls.png ImageSize1 160px ImageName1 Ball and stick model IUPACName 2 Ethoxy 2 methyl propane OtherNames Ethyl tert butyl ether br Ethyl tertiary butyl ether br Ethyl tert butyl oxide br tert Butyl ethyl ether br Ethyl t butyl ether Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations ETBE ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 11996 InChIKey NUMQCACRALPSHD UHFFFAOYAB StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C6H14O c1 5 7 6 2,3 4 h5H2,1 4H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey NUMQCACRALPSHD UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 637 92 3 EINECS 211 309 7 PubChem 12512 SMILES O C C C C CC InChI 1 C6H14O c1 5 7 6 2,3 4 h5H2,1 4H3 RTECS KN4730200 MeSHName ChEBI KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG ATCCode prefix ATCCode suffix ATC Supplemental Section2 Chembox Properties C 6 H 14 O 1 MolarMass 102.18 Appearance Clear colorless liquid Density 0.7364 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPtC 94 Melting notes BoilingPt 69 71 C Boiling notes Solubility 1.2 g 100 g SolubleOther Solvent pKa pKb Section7 Chembox Hazards EUClass EUIndex MainHazards NFPA H NFPA F NFPA R NFPA O RPhrases R11 R20 SPhrases S16 RSPhrases FlashPt 19 C Autoignition ExploLimits PEL Ethyl tert butyl ether ETBE is commonly used as an oxygenate gasoline additive in the production of gasoline from crude oil . ETBE offers equal or greater air quality benefits than ethanol , while being technically and logistically less challenging. Unlike ethanol, ETBE does not induce evaporation of gasoline, which is one of the causes of smog , and does not hygroscopic absorb moisture from the atmosphere. Synthesis It is synthesized by mixing ethanol and isobutylene and reacting them with heat over a catalyst . Image ETBE Synth ... more details
Infobox comic book title Wikipedia WikiProject Comics title THB image filename format only imagesize default 250 caption schedule ongoing y SciFi y publisher Horse Press br AdHouse Books date THB br October 1994 March 1995 br THB 6 Mek Power br 2000 2001 br Giant THB br 2003 br THB Comics From Mars br July 2007 startmo October startyr 1994 endmo endyr issues THB br 6 br THB 6 Mek Power br 4 br Giant THB br 1 br THB Comics From Mars br 1 main char team writers Paul Pope artists pencillers inkers letterers colorists editors creative team month creative team year creators Paul Pope TPB ISBN TPB ISBN subcat American comics altcat sort THB addpubcat nonUS noimage yes THB is a comic book series by Paul Pope . Publication history Pope published issue one of THB in 1994 during a new wave of black and white independent comic books that included Bone comics Bone , Hepcats , and Starchild comics Starchild . Pope has sporadically published issues of THB , which became THB 6 Mek Power after six issues, then after four issues of that numbered 6a 6d the story continued in Giant THB all published by Horse Press . THB Comics From Mars 1 published by AdHouse Books was an exclusive to the 2007 San Diego Comicon . Pope is finishing the series, and the complete series will be published as Total THB a four volume, full color collection by First Second Books in 2009. ref cite web first Heidi last MacDonald authorlink Heidi MacDonald url http pwbeat.publishersweekly.com blog 2007 07 25 thb lands at first second title THB lands at First Second work The Beat publisher Publishers Weekly date July 25, 2007 accessdate ref Plot A Science fiction sci fi story set on Mars in the future, THB features the adventures of HR Watson, a teenage girl, and her super powered bodyguard, THB whose name stands for Tri Hydro Bi Oxygenate, a fictional molecule created by Pope . THB resembles a small rubber ball carried around by HR Watson, but when activated with water, expands to take the form of a seven foot 2 ... more details
coord 51.502064 9.305506 type waterbody display title Image Lough Hyne.jpg 380px thumb Lough Hyne 2007 Lough Hyne Irish language Irish Loch Oighinn is a Marine ocean marine lake in West Cork , Ireland , about 5 km southwest of Skibbereen . It was designated as Ireland s first Marine Nature Reserve in 1981. Lough Hyne was probably a freshwater lake until about four millennia ago, when rising sea level s flooded it with saline water saline ocean water. The lake is now fed by tidal Ocean current current s that rush in from the Atlantic through Barloge Creek. The stretch between the creek and the lake is known as The Rapids. The lake s small size, only 0.8 km by 0.6 km, creates an unusual habitat of highly oxygenate d yet warm seawater that sustains an enormous variety of plants and animals, many of which are not found anywhere else in Ireland. A wide variety of Environment biophysical environment s such as cliff s, salt marsh , beach , and areas of greatly varying water movement add to the area s biodiversity . Some of the seawall s around the lake and the Rapids were built as relief work during the Great Hunger . Scientific investigation of the area began in 1886 when Rev. William Spottswood Green first recorded the presence of the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus . More studies commenced in 1923 and continued throughout the 20th century. Several laboratories were constructed near the shores of the lake, supporting research into areas such as the seagrass beds and marine invertebrate s. The area is a tourism tourist draw. The ruins of Saint Bridgit s Church are on the shores of the lake, as well as St. Brigid s Water well well , where the imprints of her knees are said to be visible in the rocks . Castle Island is located in the center of the lake. The island contains the ruins of Cloghan Castle, once a fortress of the Driscoll surname O Driscoll clan . Although the island is in the center of the Marine Reserve, it is not part of the protected ar ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 The Dielectric Wall Accelerator DWA is a new proton accelerator designed at UC Berkeley managed Lawrence Livermore National Lab LLNL ,a DOE National lab and UC Davis Cancer center or UC Davis Crocker Nuclear Lab . It is designed to produce medical grade proton s for use as radiation therapy. Why a DWA is needed The DWA addresses the main issues with the current proton therapy system cost and size. Current proton cyclotrons accelerators cost US180 million. These units are the size of a football field. Types of External Beam Radiotherapy The older type of radiotherapy is called x ray , electron , gamma ray or cobalt 60 . Charged Particles are superior to x ray therapy The current proton system is superior to the 100 year old x ray system known as IMRT . IMRT uses an indirect ionization of water in the cell to product free radicals . These react chemically with the cell destroying single strands of the dual strand DNA. Protons are many time heavier then electrons which makes them are easier to control and allows them to more precisely target a tumor. Protons are charged particles and are charged to a predetermined MeV level which, using the bragg peak delivers the energy directly within 1 2 mm inside the tumor and stops. IMRT electrons only indirectly ionize s the single strand DNA nuecleotide using the free radical method to disrupt cell life. Tumors are notorious for having a poor blood supply called cell hypoxia . This requires the use of drugs to oxygenate the tumor. Since the tumor is fast growing it has a poor blood supply meaning any drugs directed at them will have difficuly getting to them. The system is a spinoff of a DOE device to inspect nuclear weapons. This system requires several new advances because of the high energies. A high gradient insulator http www.physics.princeton.edu mcdonald examples accel sampayan WAA19 pac95.pdf patent 6,331,194. A SiC switch about 5,000 are needed. A Symmetric Blumlein, typical width 1mm. A l ... more details
A kerosene heater , also known as a paraffin heater , is a portable, unvented, kerosene fueled, space heating device. In the United States they are used mainly for supplemental heat or as a source of emergency heat during a power outage . ref http indoorkeroseneheater.org ref In some countries, particularly in Japan , they are used as the primary source of home heat. Most kerosene heaters produce between 3.3 and 6.8 Watt kW 11000 to 23000 BTU per hour . Operation A kerosene heater operates much like a large kerosene lamp . A circular candle wick wick made from fiberglass is integrated into a burner unit mounted above a font tank filled with 1 K kerosene . The wick draws kerosene from the tank via capillary action . Once lit, the wick emits flames into the burner unit which heats air via convection or nearby objects via radiation . The burner is designed to properly oxygenate and distribute the flames. The flame height is controlled by raising or lowering the exposed wick height inside the burner unit via an adjusting mechanism. The kerosene heater is extinguished by fully retracting the wick into a cavity below the burner, which will snuff out the flame. There has been a technological advance in Kerosene Heaters, in some now use electricity to power a fan to force the heated air out, making it possible to heat up rooms faster. There is also thermostat controlled operation installed in modern kerosene heaters as well. However most kerosene heaters require no electricity to operate. Most heaters contain a battery electricity battery operated or Piezo ignition piezo electric ignitor to light the heater without the need for matches . If the ignitor should fail the heater can still be lighted manually. The wick requires routine maintenance. Usually the kerosene heater is placed outdoors and allowed to operate until it runs out of fuel. Tar and other leftover deposits on the wick are burned off. The wick will eventually deteriorate to the point where it will need to be re ... more details
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