File NE 600ad.jpg thumb 300px Europe in 600 AD, showing the Onogurs and their neighbors. The Onogurs , also known as Bulgar Utigurs, were a horde of equestrian nomads that used to live in the North Caucasus Caucasian steppe east of the Don River Russia and wandered the Eurasia n plains in the 5th 8th centuries. They were ethnically closely related and allied to the Cozarig Bulgars Bulgar tribes the legend being that the Onogurs and Bulgars descended from princes of Kush Hungor & Maugor. Maugor has recently been identified as Muageris . The Onogurs crossed the Volga and entered into Europe around the year 460AD as a result of turbulence in central Eurasia. The 7th century tribal alliance of Old Great Bulgaria was also known as the Onogundur Bulgar Empire or in its western version Onoguria . Some scholars identify the Onogundurs with the Onogurs, considering them as one of the leading tribes of the Bulgars Bulgar confederation. Others reject the identification of the two names. ref Moravcsik identified the name Onogur with the Onogundurs, and the latter could be a Bulgar Turkic or external designation of the Onogurs. Be evliev rejected the identification of the Onogurs with the Onogundurs based on Agathon. See http www.lingfil.uu.se afro turkiskasprak IP2007 ZimonyiIP.pdf Zimonyi Istvan History of the Turkic speaking peoples in Europe before the Ottomans . Uppsala University Institute of Linguistics and Philology ref Some scholars assert that the origin of the names Hungary and Hungarians Hungarian does not originate from the Huns a Central Asian nomadic people , as previously believed, but rather from the name of the Onogurs, or from that of the seventh century Onogur tribal alliance. The term was revived by Utigur Bulgar governors like Ratimir , Pribina , Salan and Glad duke Glad and Morut during their rule in Pannonia . Etymology The word On means Ten , and Ok means Arrow in Turkish language modern Turkish . On Ok Ten Arrows is the modern Turkish plural form. Similarly ... more details
Onogur may refer to Onoguria Onogurs disambig Excess long comment to prevent listing on Special Shortpages ............................................................ more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Saltovo Mayaki is the name given by archaeologist s to the early medieval culture of the Black Sea Pontic steppe region roughly between the Don River, Russia Don and the Dnieper River s. Their culture was a melting pot of Onogurs Onogur , Khazars Khazar , Pechenegs Pecheneg , Magyars Magyar , Alans Alan , and Slavic peoples Slavic influences. During the ninth century the Saltovo Mayaki culture was closely associated with the Khazar Khaganate, and archaeological sites from this period are one way that historians track the geographic scope of Khazar influence. Khazaria Category Eurasian nomads Category History of Ukraine Euro hist stub Ethno stub ru uk ... more details
See also Kutrigurs Kotzarig or Cozarig , a name intricately associated with the land of Ukraine Kedar , was, according to Sandilch , the second son of Ernakh , after whom the Kozarigur Huns were named, Ernakh s second son being Utig after whom the Utigur Bulgars were named. Kozar could mean Goat Herder in Slavonic languages. According to Bar Hebraeus and the Chronicle of Michael the Syrian, the name was given to one of three brothers who came from the Imaon mountains to rule Hunnish tribes in the East European grasslands in 583 ref http www.cambridge.org catalogue catalogue.asp?isbn 9780521815390&ss fro ref . Kotzarig s subjects became known as Khazars . His brother Bulgarios with 10,000 men acquired Dacia from Emperor Maurice emperor 582 602 . This report could refer to one of four possible events. The arrival of the Onogurs in 463. In this situation the brother probably adopted the name as new ruler of Dengizich s Akatziroi whose lands the Onogurs seized under Ernakh s leadership. The events were long before Emperor Maurice but confused with his time because of his support for Patria Onoguria. The arrival of the Eurasian Avars in 557. In this eventuality, the Avars would be identified with Kidarite Huns who had sought to escape the Gokturk expansion. Kazrig would be identified with Kandig and Bulgarios could be identified with the Avar Zabergan Samar Khan who was also leader of the Cotzarigs. Tiberius II Constantine was acting for Justin at the time, so the acquisition of Dacia was not immediate and would have been a hostile take over see Maurice s Balkan campaigns . This case might prove right a frequently drawn parallel between these three brothers and the three brothers Shchek, Khoriv, and Kii who founded Kiev in the 6th century to whom the Khazars are said to be related. The arrival of Gokturk rulers in 569. In this situation, the three brothers would be Uar of Khwarezmia who the Gokturks supported against the Pseudo Avar Huns who had entered Europe in the pre ... more details
Onesource date May 2008 Ernakh or Ernac Priscus Hernach was the 3rd son of Attila . After Attila s death in 453 AD, his empire crumbled and its remains were ruled by his three sons. Ernakh is considered to have succeeded Dengizich king of Akatziroi and reigned from 469 AD to 503 AD over the Huns who roamed a substantial part of the former empire and inhabited the lands of modern Ukraine . Ernakh managed to assert himself as ruler of also the Bulgars Bulgar Onogurs who had come upon the Acatzir Huns in 463 during the preceding reign of his brother Dengizich . According to the Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans , a ruler named Irnik was a leader of the Bulgars for 150 years and his reign began approximately in 453 AD. Some historians consider Ernakh and Irnik to have been the same person. According to Procopius and the Utigur khan Sandilch , Ernakh had two sons one called Utigur and another called Kutrigur. After their father s death they shared the power and gave their names to the subjected peoples, so that even nowadays some of them are called Utigurs and the others Kutrigurs. ref name Priscus Priscus. Excerpta de legationibus. Ed. S. de Boor. Berolini, 1903, p. 586 ref In 486 and 488 Ernakh led the Bulgars as allies of Byzantium and later as allies of the Gepids against the Goths of Theodoric the Great Theodoric , but was defeated. Irnik Point on Snow Island South Shetland Islands Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands , Antarctica is named after Irnik Ernakh . References Reflist See also List of Ukrainian rulers Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans Huns start box succession box before Dengizich title List of Hunnish rulers Ruler in Onoguria years 469&ndash 503 after Utigur and Kazarig Kotzarig end box Category Monarchs of the Bulgars Category Ancient Bulgars Category 5th century monarchs in Europe Category 6th century monarchs in Europe Euro noble stub ukraine hist stub bg cv es Ernakh hr Ernah it Ernakh sr ... more details
Refimprove date July 2010 A Khazar ruler probably the Khagan Bek bek , mentioned in the Schechter Text and the Khazar Correspondence , Benjamin was the son of the Khazar ruler Menahem Khazar and probably reigned in the late ninth and early tenth centuries CE. The only extant account of Benjamin s reign comes from the Schechter Text , whose anonymous author reported a war between Benjamin s Khazars and a coalition of five nations SY, TWRQY, BM, and PYYNYL, who were instigated and aided by MQDWN. MQDWN , or Macedon , is used in medieval Jewish documents to refer to the Byzantine Empire , particularly under its Macedonian dynasty 867 1025 . TWRQY can be identified with the Oghuz Turks Oghuz on Khazaria s eastern flank. The other three entities are less easily identifiable. In Khazarian Hebrew Documents of the Tenth Century , Omeljan Pritsak argued that PYYNYL was actually PTzNK Pecheneg , the misreading ascribed to the degradation of the letter itself. He further identified SY with the Asya, who he connects to the Burtas traditionally allies of the Khazars and BM with the remnants of the Onogurs and Bulgars still living in the Black Sea Pontic steppes. The Schechter Text identifies the Alans as Benjamin s only allies in this war, stating that many of the Alans had adopted Judaism by that time. The term Asya has been thought by some scholars to describe the Arsiya , suggesting the possibility of a Muslim revolt or attempted coup against Benjamin. Benjamin s son was Aaron II Khazar Aaron . References Kevin Alan Brook . The Jews of Khazaria. 2nd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2006. Dunlop, Douglas M. The History of the Jewish Khazars, Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press, 1954. Golb, Norman and Omeljan Pritsak. Khazarian Hebrew Documents of the Tenth Century. Ithaca Cornell Univ. Press, 1982. External links http www.khazaria.com khazar biblio toc.html Bibliography of Khazar Studies Khazaria Category Khazar rulers Category Jewish monarchs Category 10th cen ... more details
Dengizich spelled Deggizikh in Priscus account spelled Dikkiz on a silver plate ref Mukhamadiev A.G., 1995, Khan Diggiz dish inscription Problems of lingo ethno history of the Tatar people , Kazan, Tatar Publishing, p. 75, ISBN 5 201 08300, in Russian ref died 468 ref http s155239215.onlinehome.us turkic 70 Dateline hun dateline En.htm Huns dateline ref or 469 ref Helmolt, Hans Ferdinand The World s History A Survey of Man s Record, page 328. W. Heinemann, 1907 via http books.google.com books?id ULFLAAAAMAAJ&pg PA324&dq Dengizich Google Book Search ref ruler of the Akatziroi , was a son of Attila the Hun Attila . The form recorded by Priscus may include the title wise , for Dikkiz k reduced to Dikkizuk . ref Mukhamadiev A.G., 1995, Khan Diggiz dish inscription Problems of lingo ethno history of the Tatar people , p. 75 ref The word Dengizich means little sea in old Turkic D iziq, where ziq is the diminutive suffix ref name Dengiz http www.kroraina.com huns mh mh 6.html Dengizich Otto Maenchen Helfen The World of the Huns ref . This is also said to be the root of the name Genghis Khan Genghis . Some time during his reign, the Utigurs Onogurs first crossed the river Volga according to Zacharias Rhetor ref name Zacharias The Syrian compilation of Church Historian Zacharias Rhetor bishop of Mytilene ref . Priscus is clearer saying that in 463AD a mixed Saragur, Urog and Unogur embassy asked Byzantium for an alliance having been dislodged by the Avars drive towards the west ref name Priscus Priscus. Excerpta de legationibus. Ed. S. de Boor. Berolini, 1903, p. 586 ref . References reflist start box succession box before Karadach br Ellac title List of Hunnish rulers Hunnic Ruler years 458&ndash 469 after Ernakh end box Category Huns Category 468 deaths Category 5th century monarchs in Europe asia bio stub bg de Dengizich it Dengizico nl Dengizich pl Dengizek pt Dengizich ru sr ... more details
Mugel ref Kosztolnyik, Z. J., Hungary under the early rp ds, 890s to 1063, page 28 , Distributed by Columbia University Press, 2002 ISBN 0 88033 503 3, Library of Congress control number 2002112276 ref or Muageris was the successor of Grod or Grodas , a Hunnic ruler, from the neighborhood of the city of Bosporus Boon Phoros cattle tax in Patria Onoguria. His reign lasted only 2 years, from AD 528 to 530. Not so long ago, historical research concluded the term magyar ref Kosztolnyik, Z. J., Hungary under the early rp ds, 890s to 1063, page 29 , Distributed by Columbia University Press, 2002 ISBN 0 88033 503 3, Library of congress control number 2002112276 ref derived from the name of prince Muageris, by arguing that Muageris had to be a personal name taken from the descriptive designation of a people. It presented the hypothesis that the Huns in the Crimea were, really, the Onogurs , and the names of the two princes mentioned by Malalas a chronicle Teophanes had, in his work also called Chronographia , copied data from the Malalas chronicle, and since he relied upon earlier manuscripts of the work, although not the original of the work, he preserved the Malalas report in more detail as living in the region of Maeotian Lake Sea of Azov and of the Kuban stream during the earlier half of the sixth century, actually referred to people under the rule of the Magyar Mugel tribe. See also List of Ukrainian rulers References reflist start box succession box before Grod title List of Hunnish rulers Hunnic Ruler br List of Ukrainian rulers Ruler in Onoguria br Prince of Magyars years 528 530 after Khinialon of Kedarigur br & br Sandilch of Onogur end box Categories Category History of Hungary Category History of the Hungarians Category Magyar tribal chieftains Category 6th century monarchs in Europe ukraine hist stub hungary hist stub bg ... more details
Refimprove date March 2008 Barsils Barsilts , Chinese Baysi , were a semi nomad ic Eurasia n tribe, of Turkic languages Turkic linguistic affiliation, and possibly identical with the Bagrasik . Barsils are first mentioned in the Chinese annals as the 15th of the 15 Turkic Tiele Tele tribes. ref Bichurin N.Ya., Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times , vol. 1, Sankt Petersburg, 1851, Sect. 1 4 ref The Chinese records about the Western Turkic Kaganate ca. 630 mention a Khan of the Bars tribe, a member of five Nushibi Ch. on shadapyt right wing tribes, under a name of Tun ashpa ra erkin. ref Yu. Zuev, The Strongest tribe Izgil Historical and Cultural Relations Between Iran and Dasht i Kipchak in the 13 18th c.c., Materials of International Round Table, Almaty, 2004, p. 53, ISBN 9965 699 14 3 ref Barsils are included in the list of steppe people living north of Derbend in the Late Antique Syria n compilation of Zacharias Rhetor , and are also mentioned in documents from the second half of the 6th century AD in connection with the westward migration of the Eurasian Avars . When the Avars arrived, according to Theophylact Simocatta , the Barsilt Barsilians , Onogurs , and Sabirs were struck with horror ... and honoured the new comers with brilliant gifts. In an Armenia n geography of the 7th century, the Barsils are described as living on an island, distinct from the Bulgars and Khazars and at odds with both nations. In addition, it describes them as possessing large flocks of sheep, supporting the notion that they were at least partly nomadic. Mikhail Artamonov theorized that Barsilia was located in northern Republic of Dagestan Daghestan , but subsequent scholars have disputed this theory, as the population of the relevant period and region appears to have been, for the most part, settled in permanent fortress towns. Some archeologists believe that the Barsils lived near the Volga delta, which would explain the Armenian reference to the ... more details
The Magyar tribes lang hu magyar t rzsek were the fundamental political units whose framework the Hungarian people Magyars lived within, until they settled down in the Pannonian Basin Carpathian Basin . H tmagyar see also Seven chieftains of the Magyars The origin of the system of the tribe s among the Hungarian people Magyars has not been discovered yet, but the distribution into seven tribes had been established by the middle of the 9th century. The seven tribes Jen , K r , Keszi , K rt Gyarmat , Megyer , Ny k and Tarj n formed a confederation called H tmagyar ie , The Seven Magyars . Their leaders, who besides High Prince lmos lmos included El d, Ond, Kond, Tas, Huba and T h t m, took a blood oath, swearing eternal loyalty to lmos. ref http www.kislexikon.hu hetmagyar.html Hungarian ref The confederation of the tribes was probably led by two high princes the kende their spiritual ruler and the gyula their military leader . The high princes were either elected by the leaders of the tribes or appointed by the Khagan of the Khazars who had been exerting influence over the Hungarian people Magyars . Around 862 the seven tribes separated from the Khazars . Joining of the Kabars Before 881 three Turkic peoples Turkic tribes rebelled against the rule of the Khagan of the Khazars , but they were suppressed. After their defeat they left the Khazars Khazar Empire and joined voluntarily to the confederation H tmagyar . The three tribes was organised into one tribe, called Kabar , and later they played the role of tactical formation vanguard and rear guard during the joint military actions of the confederation. With the joining of the three tribes to the previous seven ones, they became ten, which made them Onogurs Onogur , one of the possible origins for the name Hungarian . Sources Korai Magyar T rt neti Lexikon 9 14. sz zad , f szerkeszt Krist , Gyula, szerkeszt k Engel, P l s Makk, Ferenc Akad miai Kiad , Budapest, 1994 Krist , Gyula A K rp t medence s a magyars g ... more details
Infobox islands name Onogur Islands image name image caption locator map Robert Island location map.png thumb map caption Location of Robert Island in the South Shetland Islands. nickname location Antarctica coordinates coord 62 21 07 S 59 41 00 W archipelago South Shetland Islands total islands major islands area km2 area ha 21 area convert 21 ha acre abbr on ref name area ref area footnotes ref name area length km width km highest mount elevation m population 0 population as of density km2 ethnic groups country Antarctica additional info Administered under the Antarctic Treaty System Onogur Islands lang bg , Onogurski ostrovi o no gur ski os tro vi is the group of nine islands and some islets and rocks adjacent to the northwest coast of Robert Island South Shetland Islands Robert Island in the South Shetland Islands , Antarctica . Situated between Carlota Cove to the southwest and Clothier Harbour to the northeast, and convert 700 m yd abbr on southeast of Cornwall Island Antarctica Cornwall Island . The surface areas of the largest two islands are convert 11 ha acre and convert 10 ha acre respectively. ref name area L.L. Ivanov. http id team.org apc Apcbg Web New files image023.jpg Antarctica Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1 120000 topographic map. Troyan Manfred W rner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978 954 92032 6 4 ref The island group is named after the settlement of Onogur settlement Onogur in northeastern Bulgaria in connection with the Onogurs Onogur Bulgars 5th 7th century . Location Onogur Islands are located at coord 62 21 07 S 59 41 00 W . British mapping in 1822 and 1968, Chilean in 1971, Argentine in 1980, and Bulgarian in 2009. See also Composite Antarctic Gazetteer List of Antarctic and sub Antarctic islands List of Antarctic islands south of 60 S List of Antarctic islands south of 60 S Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research SCAR Territorial claims in Antarctica References reflist External links ... more details
Zabuk Ungari either the Hungarian people Hungarians or the Oghur languages Oghurs Onogurs Tilmac Tilmic ... Turks Oghuz Zakhukh Ugar either the Hungarian people Hungarians or the Oghur languages Oghurs Onogurs ... people Hungarians or Oghur languages Oghurs Onogurs Tilmaz Tir sz Tauri . In Arabic records, Togorma ... more details
I of Constantinople , Historia syntomos, breviarium ref and also known as Onogurs Onogundur ... See also Onogurs Variations of the name include Onoghuria, Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri ... more details
, Tarnach and Kutrigurs . They became known as the Onogurs , from whom the name Hungary derives. The Onogurs were composed of three groups, see also Eurasian Avars Avars and Kabar s. Around ... more details
being called the Onogurs meaning ten tribes or ten arrows in Old Turkic see below . ref name OSZK http ... the Onogurs , and the names of the two princes mentioned by Malalas Grodas and Muageris List of Hunnish ... Proto Bulgarians, Onogurs and the Alans , from whom they learned gardening, elements of cattle breeding ... more details
English Hungarians , must have derived from the Slavic languages Slavic form of the name of the Onogurs ... groups of the Onogurs , who had moved to the Carpathian Basin around 670, still lived on the territory ... The legend is usually interpreted as a remembrance of the Magyars previous connections with the Onogurs ... more details
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