about authority as a concept citations missing date November 2008 Authority , from the Latin word auctoritas ... . Essentially authority is imposed by superior hierarchy superior s upon inferior s either by force of arms structural authority or by force of argument sapiential authority . Usually authority has components of both compulsion and persuasion. For this reason, as used in Roman law, authority is differentiated ... Authority In government , authority is often used interchangeably with power philosophy power ... something that he she would not have done , authority refers to a claim of Legitimacy political legitimacy ... rule of law consider that only a court of law has the authority to order punishment. Since the emergence of social sciences , authority has been a subject of research in a variety of empirical settings the family parental authority , small groups informal authority of leadership , intermediate organizations ... society to the modern nation state and intermediate organization political authority . The definition of authority in contemporary social science is a matter of debate. According to Michaels, in the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, authority is the capacity, innate or acquired for exercising ascendancy over a group. Other scientists, however, argue that authority is not a capacity but a relationship ... authority, the location of sovereignty, the balancing of freedom and authority cf. Cristi ... extent of governmental authority in general. In the United States, for instance, there is a widespread ... the populace as much freedom as reasonable, and that government should limit its authority accordingly .... Weber on Authority Herrschaft sociology redirects here Max Weber , in his sociological and philosophical ... as types of authority, because dominance domination isn t seen as a political concept in the first place. Weber defined domination authority as the chance of commands being obeyed by a specifiable group of people. Legitimate authority is that which is recognized as legitimate and justified by both ... more details
Other uses2 Authority multiple issues citations missing July 2010 original research July 2010 Infobox comics team and title Wikipedia WikiProject Comics Group section name The Authority image The Authority Team by Quitely.jpg imagesize default 250 caption The Authority, as featured on the cover for the Under ... debut The Authority 1 debutmo May debutyr 1999 creators Warren Ellis br Bryan Hitch type Team ... 756 3 Category section cat teams subcat Wildstorm Publications altcat hero y villain sortkey Authority, The addgrpcat addpubcat The Authority is a superhero comic book published by DC Comics under the Wildstorm imprint. It was created by Warren Ellis and Bryan Hitch , and follows the adventures of the Authority ... of its characters. Core roster The founding members of the Authority are Jenny Sparks , the Spirit ... of the Authority 2000 2005, and Shen Li Min , a.k.a. Swift comics Swift . Following the Outer Dark ..., Authority leader 2005 to present. After The Eternal Return again, see below , new members of the Authority ... former Authority foe and Sarah Rainmaker Rainmaker , previously of Gen 13 . The Authority s base of operations .... Storylines Main List of The Authority story arcs Publication history Volume 1 Ellis Hitch era Image Authority Widescreen by Hitch.jpg right thumb The Cover of the cancelled Authority Widescreen br By Bryan Hitch . In 1999, Warren Ellis and Bryan Hitch introduced readers to the Authority, a team of superheroes ..., Ellis notes bquote one of the reasons I turned their STORMWATCH into THE AUTHORITY is that I ... of thought that led to THE AUTHORITY began. ref name BeatWE cite web title The WildStorm Legacy ... 2010 ref The Ellis Hitch run of The Authority lasted 12 issues, divided in three story arcs The Circle ... on the series. Millar Quitely era Image Authority Issue 19.jpg left thumb Cover to 19. Art by Frank ... was extremely popular with fans and critics alike. During Millar s run, the Authority, now under ... tired of the Authority s interference with the activities of the world s governments, and replaced ... more details
Electricity Authority may refer to British Electricity Authority Central Electricity Authority UK , United Kingdom Central Electricity Authority of India Electricity Authority of Cambodia Electricity Authority of Cyprus Electricity Authority NZ , New Zealand Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Manx Electricity Authority disambig Category Electricity authorities ... more details
Conservation Authority may refer to Canada Conservation authority Canada New Zealand New Zealand Conservation Authority Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority disambig Category Conservation ... more details
Divine authority may refer to God , or God s power, claims of divinity or authority such as in the titular king of kings Scripture the authority of religious texts Sola scriptura the concept that the Bible alone has authority disambig ... more details
Wiktionarypar authorityAuthority is the power to enforce laws, exact obedience, command, determine or judge. Authority may also refer to Authority management , formal or legitimate, specified in a charter Authority sociology , the legitimate or socially approved use of power Authority textual criticism , its reliability as a witness to the author s intentions Appeal to authority , type of argument in logic Authority control , term used in library and information science High Authority disambiguation , refers to several executive organizations or branches Police authority UK , body charged with securing efficient and effective control of a territorial police area Public benefit corporation Public authority or public benefit corporation , a government chartered corporation such as a transit authority The Authority , superhero comic book published by DC Comics, under the Wildstorm imprint The Authority , listed in Characters of His Dark Materials Authority , a grading of a blog s worthiness, used by Technorati See also Authoritarian personality , influential theory, developed in a 1950 book, by several UC Berkeley psychologists Authoritarianism , describes a form of government characterized by an emphasis on the authority of the state in a republic or union disambig sk Autorita ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2008 About Authority management Authority disambiguation Authority in management is the formal or legitimate authority specified in a charter that gives a project manager the authority to act in the name of the sponsoring corporate officer executive or on behalf on the organization Citation needed date February 2010 . There are different types of authority ref http www.pmhut.com grabbing project management authority E2 80 93 building from scratch Grabbing Project Management Authority Building from Scratch Thomas Cutting, October 3, 2008 ref Positional authority refers to the project manager s authority enforced through the project charter. Coercive authority also referred as penalty authority refers to motivating staff by punishment and is predicated on fear of losing status, positions, bonuses or jobs. Expert authority is earned if the team respects one s skills as a project manager or subject matter expert. Referent authority refers to the ability to influence others through charisma, personality, and charm. Reward authority refers to positive reinforcement and the ability to award something of value. See also Government authority Power philosophy References references Category Project management ... more details
The Copp Authority was an interim High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community ECSC , between March 1 and July 5 of 1967. Its president was Albert Copp of Belgium . The Authority was subsequently combined by the Merger Treaty 1967 with the Commissions of the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Economic Community to become the Commission of the European Communities . EU stub European Commission DEFAULTSORT Coppe Authority Category High Authorities of the ECSC ca Autoritat Copp ... more details
High Authority may refer to High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community , the original executive body of the former European Coal and Steel Community. High authority for the struggle against discrimination and for equality , a French anti discrimination body. disambig ... more details
A housing authority or ministry of housing is generally a governmental body that governs some aspect of the territory s housing, often providing low rent or free apartments to qualified residents. Specific housing authorities Hong Kong Housing Authority Ministry of Housing and Local Government UK, historic United States Housing Authority United States, historic Chicago Housing Authority New York City Housing Authority Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles Toronto Community Housing Corporation Department of Building and Housing New Zealand , formerly the Ministry of Housing, New Zealand See also Public housing disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Natural Authority is the authority a person exerts that is innate to them rather than being drawn from some external body. Natural authority relies on factors such as charisma , negotiating skills , assertiveness and self confidence rather than law , political position, wealth or standing in an organization. Natural authority can also refer to authority that comes about naturally in social situations instead of intentionally, such as wisdom , knowledge or technical ability which one person or a group of people has that another individual or group does not. Natural authority in this sense is seen by anarchism anarchists as the only form of legitimate authority in society, because it is seen by anarchists as beneficial and fundamental to human relationships. DEFAULTSORT Natural Authority Category Social psychology Category Sociology ... more details
. class wikitable River Authority River Board Areas The Northumbrian River Authority. The Northumberland ... and Hull River Authority The Hull and East Yorkshire River Board area and the Yorkshire Ouse River Board area The Trent river authority Trent River Authority The Trent River Board area The Lincolnshire River Authority The Lincolnshire River Board area The Welland and Nene River Authority The Welland River Board area and the Nene River Board area The Great Ouse River Authority The Great Ouse River Board area The East Suffolk and Norfolk River Authority The East Suffolk and Norfolk River Board area The Essex River Authority The Essex River Board area The Kent River Authority The Kent River Board area The Sussex River Authority The East Sussex River Board area and the West Sussex River Board area The Hampshire River Authority The Hampshire River Board area The Isle of Wight River Authority The Isle of Wight River Board area The Avon and Dorset River Authority The Avon and Dorset River Board area The Devon River Authority The Devon River Board area The Cornwall River Authority The Cornwall River Board area The Somerset River Authority The Somerset River Board area The Bristol Avon River Authority The Bristol Avon River Board area The Severn River Authority The Severn River Board area The Wye River Authority The Wye River Board area The Usk River Authority The Usk River Board area The Glamorgan River Authority The Glamorgan River Board area The South West Wales River Authority The South West Wales River Board area The Gwynedd River Authority The Gwynedd River Board area The Dee and Clwyd River Authority The Dee and Clwyd River Board area The Mersey and Weaver River Authority The Mersey River Board area and the Cheshire River Board area The Lancashire River Authority The Lancashire River Board area The Cumberland River Authority The Cumberland River Board area The river authorities ... by the Water Act 1973 . External links Trent River Authority and predecssors University of Nottingham ... more details
Delegated authority is an authority obtained from another that has authority since the authority does not naturally exist. Typically this is used in a government context where an organization that is created by a legitimate government, such as a Board, City, Town or other Public Corporations to allow them to legally function in the name of the constitutional government. See also Mandate politics Unreferenced date May 2007 Category Social ethics Category Social psychology Category Political philosophy law term stub ... more details
A competent authority is any person or organization that has the legally delegated or invested authority, capacity, or power to perform a designated function. Based on the Basel Convention , it is any national agency responsible under its national law for the control or regulation of a particular aspect of the transportation of hazardous materials dangerous goods . The term Appropriate Authority, as used in the International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Technical Instructions, has the same meaning as Competent Authority. Category Legal terms Law term stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Monetary authority is a generic term in finance and economics for the entity which controls the money supply of a given currency , and has the right to set interest rates , and other parameters which control the cost and availability of money. Generally a monetary authority is a central bank , though often the executive branch of a government has de facto control over monetary policy by controlling the central bank. There are other arrangements, for example a central bank for several nations, a currency board which restricts currency issuance to the amount of another currency or free banking where a broad range of entities can issue notes or coin. Americas Bermuda Monetary Authority Cayman Islands Monetary Authority Asia Hong Kong Monetary Authority Maldives Monetary Authority Monetary Authority of Singapore Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan Reserve Bank of India State Bank of Pakistan Middle East Palestine Monetary Authority Oceania Reserve Bank of Australia See also Central bank deflation fiat money gold standard hyper inflation inflation monetarism seignorage DEFAULTSORT Monetary Authority Category Central banks Money stub pt Autoridade monet ria ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Implied Authority of Contract is a legal term. In Contract contract law , it is the implied ability of an individual to make a legally binding contract on behalf of an organization, by way of uniform or interaction with the public on behalf of that organization. When a person is wearing a uniform or nametag bearing the logo or trademark of a business or organization or if that person is functioning in an obviously authorized capacity on behalf of a business or organization, that person carries an Implied Authority of Contract. Implied Authority is authority that is not express or written into the contract, but which the agent is assumed to have in order to transact the business of insurance for the principal. Implied authority is incidental to express authority since not every single detail of an agent s authority can be spelled out in the written contract. For example, if you are at a restaurant and your waitress tells you that she can give you a free beverage if you pay for an entree, she has made a contract with you on behalf of the business by which she is employeed. It is implied that she is given the authority to do so by the fact that she is the sole employee of the business who has been designated to complete ... the employee for the mistake, but Implied Authority of Contract places them under a legal obligation ... legal circumstances. A design professional s implied authority gives the designer the means to act in ways that are incidental to the exercise of actual authority. It is authority that isn t written down, but needs to be understood to make the construction process a success. Besides Implied Authority, look into Apparent authority Apparent Authority and Express Authority as well. In relation to company law companies , apparent authority is usually referred to as ostensible authority . br These three are known as the Agency Relationship DEFAULTSORT Implied Authority Category Contract law Law term ... more details
The Broads Authority is the agency which has statutory responsibility for the Broads in England. Originally, the then Nature Conservancy Council now Natural England , pressed for a special authority to manage the Broads which had been neglected for a long time. In 1978, the forerunner to the present day Broads Authority was established by the then Countryside Commission now also Natural England . Ten years later, it had become clear that a statutory body was needed, and a special Act of Parliament , The Norfolk and Suffolk Broads Act 1988 referred to as the Broads Act made the Broads Authority into a Special Statutory Authority which gave it parity with national park authorities. The Broads Authority has to conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage of the Broads promote opportunities for the understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities of the Broads by the public protect the interests of navigation as navigation authority have regard for agriculture and forestry have regard for the economic and social interests of those who live or work in the Broads. In 2006 the Broads Authority promoted a second Act, the primary purpose of which was to introduce greater safety controls on the broads and rivers. This act received Royal Assent in July 2009. The Broads Authority is represented by one member on the East of England Regional Assembly . External links http www.broads authority.gov.uk www.broads authority.gov.uk http www.enjoythebroads.com www.enjoythebroads.com Category Norfolk Broads ... more details
Infobox Government agency agency name Harrisburg Authority logo Harrisburg Authority logo.gif logo width 300px formed 1957 preceding1 Harrisburg Sewerage Authority dissolved superseding jurisdiction Dauphin County, Pennsylvania headquarters 212 Locust Street, Suite 302 br Harrisburg, Pennsylvania employees budget chief1 name Michele T. V. Torres chief1 position Executive Director agency type Municipal Authority Pennsylvania municipal authority parent agency website Harrisburg Authority is a Municipal Authority Pennsylvania municipal authority providing Waste management solid waste management services in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania . ref Cite web title 2007 Governments Integrated Directory GID work Census of Governments publisher U.S. Census Bureau , Governments Division date 2007 url http www.census.gov govs cog format database accessdate 2009 11 08 ref See also List of municipal authorities in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania External links http www.hbgauthority.com Harrisburg Authority References reflist pennsylvania stub Category Municipal authorities in Pennsylvania Category Government of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania ... more details
A transportation authority is an authority which regulates or administers Transport transportation related matters. Most transportation authorities in Western world Western countries are under the direction of election elected officials. In the United States and Canada , transportation authorities are typically responsible for public transport public transit including bus es and rapid transit in metropolitan area s, such as the Metropolitan Transportation Authority New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority in New York, the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority , and the Toronto Area Transportation Operating Authority . Some transportation authorities, such as Greater Vancouver s TransLink British Columbia Translink , have the power to impose Excise excise taxes Fuel tax fuel taxes on gasoline , diesel fuel , and other motor fuel s. transport stub government stub Category Public transport ... more details
Apparent authority also called ostensible authority relates to the doctrines of the law of agency . It is relevant particularly in corporate law and constitutional law. Apparent authority refers to a situation where a reasonable person would understand that an agent had authority to act. This means a principal is bound by the agent s actions, even though the agent had no actual authority, whether express ... on and would be inequitable for the principal to deny the authority given. There must be some act ... apparent authority Legal Dictionary Entry on Apparent Authority . ref However, the principal ... and says nothing to dissuade the third party from believing that the agent has the authority to bind the principal. Apparent authority can also occur where a principal terminates the authority of an agent, but does not inform third parties of this termination. This is called lingering apparent authority. Business owners can avoid being liable by giving public notice of the termination of authority, and by contacting any individual third parties who would have had reason to know of such authority. In relation to company law companies , the apparent authority of board of directors directors , officers and agents of the company is normally referred to as ostensible authority . Apparent authority ..., concerning who has authority to consent to a search. ref http ssrn.com abstract 1532243 When is a Parent s Authority Apparent? Reconsidering Third Party Consent Searches of an Adult Child s Private ... that the agent has authority when in fact he does not, and then subsequently the principal seeks to renege on an agreement on the basis that the agent never had actual authority. In law, apparent authority refers to the authority of an agent as it appears to others, ref Hely Hutchison v Brayhead Ltd 1968 1 QB 549 at 583 ref and it can operate both to enlarge actual authority and to create authority where no actual authority exists. ref See First Energy UK Limited v Hungarian International Bank ... more details
Petty authority also petty tyranny ref name ashforth Petty tyranny in organizations , Ashforth, Blake, Human Relations, Vol. 47, No. 7, 755 778 1994 ref or, colloquially petty power is authority exercised by a leadership leader , frequently unchosen by the led, in a relatively limited or intimate environment, such as that exercised by a teacher over students in a classroom. It is a pejorative term, that carries with it a sense of authority that was gained, or is used, in an unfair or capricious manner. References references Category Pejoratives culture stub sociology stub ... more details
refimprove date January 2009 A statutory authority is an Australia n body which has the right to enact legislation for specific areas of the law . Characteristics The term statutory authority usually refers ... corresponding State or Territory laws. Each statutory authority tends to have its own enabling legislation ... in the same fashion as an act of parliament, but usually with specific initials depending on the authority and a number. Just as Laws enacted by Parliament, all laws made by a statutory authority ... Parliaments of the Australian states and territories State Parliament , will delegate its Authority to a statutory authority for several reasons Efficiency State and Federal Parliaments do not have ... increasingly complex society. By delegation of legislative power to a statutory authority, a specialist body may subrogate parliament and use its authority in a more efficient manner Bipartisanship ... or direction desirable within the community. Delegation of authority away from parliament prevents these areas .... Accountability The jurisdiction of a statutory authority is expressly set out in its corresponding act i.e. the Act of Parliament which created the statutory authority . This, therefore, makes switching ... of the statutory authority. Statutory Authorities in Australia The power to enact legislation has ... Where authority is delegated to the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Road and traffic safety Where authority is delegated to various bodies by state, for example, VicRoads in Victoria Collection of taxes Where authority is delegated to the Australian Taxation Office Corporate law Where authority is delegated to the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Prudential regulation Where authority is delegated to the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority Monetary Policy Where authority is delegated to the Reserve Bank of Australia established by an Act of Parliament, the Reserve ... Where authority is delegated to various bodies by state, for example, WorkSafe Victoria WorkSafe ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 An airport authority is an independent entity charged with the operation and oversight of an airport or group of airports. These authorities are often governed by a group of airport commissioners , who are appointed to lead the authority by a government official . When the authority of an entity encompasses more than just the airports in an area, harbor and rail facilities for example, the entity may be referred to as a port authority . In Canada , airport authorities usually refer to private not government owned or affiliated Non profit organization not for profit companies that are established to manage a city s commercial airport s. Examples of airport authorities overseeing multiple airports Canada Edmonton Airports Edmonton City Centre Blatchford Field Airport Edmonton Cooking Lake Airport Edmonton Cooking Lake Water Aerodrome Edmonton International Airport Port Alberta Edmonton Villeneuve Airport France A roports de Paris Manages 14 airports near Paris, France Paris Hong Kong Hong Kong has a separate civil aviation authority from the Mainland Airport Authority Hong Kong Hong Kong International Airport Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport Zhuhai Sanzao Airport India Airports Authority of India Manages all airports in India, including 12 ... Port Authority of New York and New Jersey John F. Kennedy International Airport LaGuardia Airport ... Cloud Airport Lake Elmo Airport Columbus Regional Airport Authority Port Columbus International Airport Rickenbacker International Airport Bolton Field Jacksonville Aviation Authority Jacksonville ... Authority Orlando International Airport Orlando Executive Airport Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority ... Airport Authority Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport Willow Run Airport Indianapolis Airport Authority Eagle Creek Airpark Indianapolis International Airport Indianapolis Metropolitan Airport Mount Comfort Airport Commercial air travel DEFAULTSORT Airport Authority Category Airport operators ... more details
Wikify date August 2009 An authority that grants licenses, for example the Coast Guard or Department of Transportation the authority who has jurisdiction over either a geographical region, such as the coast of a country, or vessels plying their trade within its boundaries, or authority over its citizens, and meets their licensing requirements by providing testing, standards, renewal, etc. This authority extends to being able to revoke licenses in cases of negligence. For example, most US citizens would obtain their license s from the US Coast Guard and from the UK from the DOT there, however a US skipper might need a EU or UK ticket to operate a British flagged vessel, and would not normally be barred from obtaining one by virtue of lack of citizenship alone. In the US a Master Mariner takes an oath of allegiance and may be called into service in an auxiliary capacity, such as coast guard reserve. DEFAULTSORT Licensing Authority Category Licenses ... more details
Other uses In Canada and the United States a port authority less commonly a port district is a governmental or quasi governmental public authority for a special purpose district usually formed by a legislative ... uscan.pdf History of the Port Authority movement and ports governance in the U.S. and Canada ... authority and consortium . Citation needed date April 2009 Port Authorities and Districts The distinction ... Belledune, 29 March 2000 Halifax Port Authority Halifax , 1 March 1999 Port of Saint John Saint ... , Pending Oshawa , Pending Thunder Bay , 1 July 1999 Toronto Port Authority Toronto , 8 June ... Vancouver , 1 January 2008 Prince Rupert Port Authority Prince Rupert , 1 May 1999 Port of Vancouver ... align top style text align left style vertical align top Atlantic Bridgeport Port Authority, CT 1992 Canaveral Port Authority, FL 1939 Port of Richmond City of Richmond Port Commission , VA 1982 Chesapeake Port Authority, MD and VA 1987 Dade County Seaport Department, Miami, FL 1960 Delaware River Port Authority , NJ and PA 1951 Diamond State Port Corporation Port of Wilmington, DE 1994 Eastport Port Authority, ME 1977 Port Everglades, FL 1927 Georgia Ports Authority 1945 Jacksonville Port Authority 1963 Port of Miami Maine Port Authority Maryland Port Administration 1971 Massachusetts Port Authority 1956 New Hampshire State Port Authority 1957 Port Authority of New York and New Jersey 1921 North Carolina State Ports Authority 1945 Port of Palm Beach Port of Palm Beach District 1915 Port of Philadelphia Philadelphia Regional Port Authority , PA 1989 Port of Ponce, PR 1911 Puerto Rico Ports Authority 1942 Putnam County Port Authority , FL 1967 South Carolina State Ports Authority 1942 South Jersey Port Corporation, NJ 1968 Virgin Islands Port Authority, VI 1969 Virginia Port Authority ... State Port Authority , 2000 Port of Beaumont Port of Beaumont Navigation District of Jefferson County ... Comfort, TX 1953 Port of Corpus Christi Authority 1926 Port of Galveston 1825 Port of Houston Authority ... more details
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