Infobox programminglanguage name Nyquist logo paradigm year designer Roger Dannenberg developer Roger Dannenberg latest release version latest release date typing implementations influenced by Lisp 28programming language 29 Lisp influenced Nyquist is a programminglanguage for sound synthesis and analysis based on the Lisp programminglanguage . It is an extension of the XLISP dialect of Lisp. With Nyquist, the programmer designs musical instruments by combining functions, and can call upon these instruments and generate a sound just by typing a simple expression. The programmer can combine simple expressions into complex ones to create a whole composition, and can also generate various other kinds of musical and non musical sounds. The Nyquist interpreter can read and write sound files, MIDI ... also produce direct audio output in real time. The Nyquistprogramminglanguage can also be used to write plug in effects for the Audacity digital audio editor. One notable difference between Nyquist and more traditional MUSIC N languages is that Nyquist does not segregate synthesis functions see unit ... orchestras the other for writing scores . With Nyquist these two domains are combined. Nyquist runs under Linux and other Unix environments, Mac OS , and Microsoft Windows . The Nyquistprogramminglanguage ... music.software.html Computer Music Project at Carnegie Mellon, home of the Nyquist interpreter http audacity.sourceforge.net help nyquist Audacity Help Nyquist plugins http www.audacityteam.org wiki index.php?title Nyquist Plug ins Audacity Wiki Nyquist plugins Sample http audacity.sourceforge.net download nyquistplugins Nyquist plugins for Audacity Category Audio programming languages Category Lisp programminglanguage family Category Software synthesizers Category Carnegie Mellon University ca Nyquist llenguatge de programaci de Nyquist Programmiersprache es Nyquist lenguaje de programaci n fr Nyquist langage pt Nyquist linguagem de programa o ... more details
Nyquist is a surname of Swedish and Norwegian origin which may refer to People Arild Nyquist 1937&ndash 2004 , Norwegian novelist, lyricist, writer and musician Harry Nyquist 1889&ndash 1976 , Swedish American engineer Jeffrey Nyquist , American political writer and journalist Kari Nyquist born 1918 , Norwegian ceramist, freelance artist and designer Ryan Nyquist born 1979 , American cyclist and motocross rider Other 6625 Nyquist 1981 EX41 a Main belt Asteroid discovered in 1981, named after Laurence E. Nyquist Johnson Nyquist noise thermal noise Nyquist stability criterion control theory term Nyquist plot signal processing and electronic feedback Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem fundamental result in the field of information theory Nyquist frequency digital signal processing Nyquist rate telecommunication theory Nyquist ISI criterion telecommunication theory Nyquistprogramminglanguage computer programminglanguage for sound synthesis and music composition Nyquist filter a filter used in television systems disambig Category Surnames Category Swedish language surnames Category Norwegian language surnames de Nyquist es Nyquist he ... more details
Arild Nyquist 1937 &ndash 2004 was a Norwegian novelist, lyricist, writer of children s books and musician. He made his literary debut in 1963 with the novel Ringer i et sommervann . Nyquist was awarded Mads Wiel Nygaards Endowment in 1971. ref name nygaards legat cite web url http www.forfatterportalen.no litteraturpriser legat.htm title Mads Wiel Nygaards Legat publisher Forfatterportalen.no language Norwegian accessdate 17 February 2009 ref He was nominated for the Nordic Council s Literature Prize in 1994 for the self biographic novel Ungdom . ref name nordic litprize cite web url http www.norden.org sv nordiska raadet nordiska raadets priser litteraturpriset tidigare prisvinnare och nominerade arkiv foer tidigare nominerade och prisvinnare title Tidigare pristagare och nomineringar language Swedish publisher www.norden.org accessdate 17 February 2009 ref References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nyquist, Arild ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nyquist, Arild Category 1937 births Category 2004 deaths Category Norwegian novelists Category Norwegian poets Category Norwegian musicians Norway writer stub no Arild Nyquist nn Arild Nyquist sv Arild Nyquist ... more details
distinguish Nyquist frequency Image Bandlimited.svg thumb Spectrum of a bandlimited signal as a function of frequency right 240px In signal processing , the Nyquist rate , named after Harry Nyquist , is two ... ISBN 1402070780 url http books.google.com books?id 99nwX ovq7QC&pg PA15&dq nyquist rate define bandwidth ... with the Nyquist frequency , which is half the sampling rate of a discrete time system ... PA399&dq nyquist rate define bandwidth symbols&as brr 3&ei O9dISLWfMpvQswO05eCICA&sig C4mOrcE1NFKuWg3L ... division multiplex channel. Nyquist rate relative to sampling The Nyquist rate is the minimum sampling ... the Nyquist rate math f S f N. , math A signal whose positive frequency range of significant energy ..., aliasing is not necessarily detrimental, and sampling below the Nyquist rate, called Undersampling ... range 0, B &minus A , whose Nyquist rate is 2 B &minus A . An even lower Nyquist rate can be achieved for a bandpass signal, such as amplitude modulation , whose energy ... &minus A 2 and the Nyquist rate to just B &minus A . Nyquist rate relative to signaling Long before Harry Nyquist had his name associated with sampling, the term Nyquist rate was used differently, with a meaning closer to what Nyquist actually studied. Quoting Harold Stephen Black Harold S. Black s 1953 book Modulation Theory, in the section Nyquist Interval of the opening ..., 2 B was given by Nyquist as the maximum number of code elements per second that could be unambiguously ... to as signaling at the Nyquist rate and 1 2 B has been termed a Nyquist interval . bold added for emphasis italics as in the original According to the OED , this may be the origin of the term Nyquist ... Nyquist s famous 1928 paper was a study on how many pulses code elements could be transmitted per second, and recovered, through a channel of limited bandwidth. Signaling at the Nyquist rate meant putting as many code pulses through a telegraph channel as its bandwidth would allow. Shannon used Nyquist ... more details
Infobox Scientist box width 300px name Harry Nyquist image Harry Nyquist.jpg image size 200px caption Harry Nyquist 1889 1976 birth date birth date 1889 2 7 birth place sv Stora Kil Stora Kil , sv Nilsby ... known for Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem br Nyquist rate br Johnson Nyquist noise br Nyquist stability criterion br Nyquist ISI criterion br Nyquist plot br Nyquist frequency br Nyquist filter br ... only footnotes Harry Nyquist n Harry Theodor Nyqvist IPA en na kw st , IPA sv n kv st lang February 7, 1889 April 4, 1976 was an important contributor to information theory . Personal life Nyquist ... Bell Telephone Laboratories in that year, until his retirement in 1954. Nyquist received the IEEE Medal ... Founder s Medal in recognition of his many fundamental contributions to engineering. Nyquist lived in Pharr ... As an engineer at Bell Laboratories, Nyquist did important work on thermal noise Johnson Nyquist noise , ref H. Nyquist, Thermal Agitation of Electric Charge in Conductors , Phys. Rev., Vol. 32 ... of feedback amplifiers. ref H. Nyquist, Regeneration theory , Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 11, pp. 126 147, 1932 ref The Nyquist stability criterion can now be found in all textbooks on feedback ... of information theory . In particular, Nyquist determined that the number of independent ... in Telegraph Transmission Theory 1924 . ref Nyquist, Harry. Certain factors affecting telegraph speed ... dual of what is now known as the Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem . See also Nyquist filter Nyquist plot Nyquist rate Nyquist frequency Nyquist ISI criterion References reflist External links http www.ieeeghn.org wiki index.php Harry Nyquist IEEE Global History Network page about Nyquist http www.trendcomms.com multimedia training broadband 20networks web main m1 temari seccio5 nyquist.htm Nyquist criterion page with photo of Nyquist with John R. Pierce and Rudy Kompfner http www.control.lth.se kja Lectures ASMENyquistLecture2005.pdf K.J.Astrom Nyquist and his seminal papers, 2005 presentation ... more details
Image Nyquist.svg thumb right A Nyquist plot. A Nyquist plot is used in control system automatic control and signal processing for assessing the stability of a system with feedback . It is represented by a graph in polar coordinates in which the gain and phase waves phase of a frequency response are plotted. The plot of these phasor electronics phasor quantities shows the phase as the angle and the magnitude as the distance from the origin. This plot combines the two types of Bode plot magnitude and phase on a single graph, with frequency as a parameter along the curve. The Nyquist plot is named after Harry Nyquist , a former engineer at Bell Laboratories . Locus operation The high frequency response is at the origin, corresponding to high frequencies being attenuated high cut low pass filter . The plot provides information on the pole complex analysis pole s and zero complex analysis zero s of the transfer function ref http www.facstaff.bucknell.edu mastascu econtrolhtml Freq Freq6.html ref e.g. from the angle at which the curve approaches the origin . Assessment of the stability of a closed loop negative feedback system is done by applying the Nyquist stability criterion to the Nyquist plot of the open loop system i.e. the same system without its feedback loop . This method is easily applicable even for systems with delays which may appear difficult to analyze by means of other methods. Nyquist and related plots are classic methods of assessing stability, but have been supplemented or supplanted by computer based mathematical tools in recent years. Such plots remain a convenient method for an engineer to get an intuitive feel for a feedback loop. See also Argument principle ... External links Commonscat Nyquist plots http controlcan.homestead.com files idxpages.htm Applets ... Category Electrical parameters Category Classical control ar de Nyquist Diagramm fr Diagramme de Nyquist it Diagramma di Nyquist he ja pl Charakterystyka amplitudowo ... more details
distinguish Nyquist rate File Aliasing folding.svg thumb Frequencies above sub s sub 2 the Nyquist ... s sub . The Nyquist frequency , named after the Swedish American engineer Harry Nyquist or the Nyquist ...&pgis 1 quote The Nyquist frequency is that frequency whose period is two sampling intervals. ref ... signal spectrum at frequencies higher than the Nyquist frequency is the cause of aliasing ... fold around half the sampling frequency which is why the Nyquist frequency is often referred to as the folding frequency. ref The sampling theorem shows that aliasing can be avoided if the Nyquist frequency ... being sampled. The Nyquist frequency should not be confused with the Nyquist rate , which is the lower bound of the sampling frequency that satisfies the Nyquist sampling criterion for a given ... of the signal. Nyquist rate , as commonly used with respect to sampling, is a property of a continuous time signal , not of a system, whereas Nyquist frequency is a property of a discrete time system ... to Nyquist frequency in hertz for example, an image sampling system has a Nyquist frequency expressed in units such as cycles per meter. The aliasing problem In theory, a Nyquist frequency just .... Some amount of aliasing is unavoidable. Signal frequencies higher than the Nyquist frequency will encounter a folding about the Nyquist frequency, back into lower frequencies. For example, if the sample rate is 20 kHz, the Nyquist frequency is 10 kHz, and an 11 kHz signal ... completely or almost completely in the stopband . Thus, frequencies close to the Nyquist frequency ... the Nyquist frequency by some margin frequency Headroom audio signal processing headroom that depends ... Hz 44100 Hz . The Nyquist frequency is therefore 22050 Hz, which is an upper bound on the highest ... meanings Early uses of the term Nyquist frequency , such as those cited above, are all consistent with the definition ..., call twice the signal bandwidth the Nyquist rate as Nyquist frequency ref cite book title Digital ... more details
Infobox Planet minorplanet yes width 25em bgcolour FFFFC0 apsis name Nyquist symbol image caption discovery yes discovery ref discoverer S. J. Bus discovery site Siding Spring Observatory discovered March 2, 1981 designations yes mp name 6625 alt names 1981 EX41 mp category orbit ref epoch May 14, 2008 aphelion 3.7472418 perihelion 2.5803818 semimajor eccentricity 0.1844073 period 2055.4854311 avg speed inclination 1.30349 asc node 200.53248 mean anomaly 50.80016 arg peri 206.41316 satellites physical characteristics yes dimensions mass density surface grav escape velocity sidereal day axial tilt pole ecliptic lat pole ecliptic lon albedo temperatures temp name1 mean temp 1 max temp 1 temp name2 max temp 2 spectral type abs magnitude 12.9 6625 Nyquist 1981 EX41 is a Asteroid belt main belt asteroid discovered on March 2, 1981 by S. J. Bus at Siding Spring Observatory in the course of the U.K. Schmidt Caltech Asteroid Survey . References Reflist External links http ssd.jpl.nasa.gov sbdb.cgi?sstr 6625 Nyquist JPL Small Body Database Browser on 6625 Nyquist MinorPlanets Navigator 6624 1980 SG 6626 Mattgenge MinorPlanets Footer DEFAULTSORT Nyquist beltasteroid stub Category Main Belt asteroids Category Asteroids named for people Category Discoveries by Schelte J. Bus Category Astronomical objects discovered in 1981 fa it 6625 Nyquist hu 6625 Nyquist pl 6625 Nyquist ... more details
Kari Nyquist born 1918 is a Norwegian ceramist. She is most associated with her decorated ceramics from the Stavangerflint AS plant in Stavanger, Norway . Her designs are most often found pottery of blue clay or stoneware . Biography Nyquist was born in Oslo , Norway . She was educated as a ceramist at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry in Oslo between 1934 and 1938. She trained at the ceramic workshops of artisans including Eilif Whist and William Knutzen and was employed at ros Keramikk and Schneider & Knutzen AS . She established her own ceramic workshop in Oslo in 1942. Designer at Stavangerflint AS From 1955 Nyquist was employed as a freelance artist and designer at Stavangerflint AS , Stavanger , Norway. She worked at the earthenware company for short intervals and created designs for ceramic tableware, children s tableware, occasional objects and souvenirs. Her drawings were reproduced as silk screens , most often in a blue colour on a light blue background, but they are also found in other colour variations. Recognitions A tea set from the mid 1950s with her decorations on the model Utstein designed by Norwegian ceramic and glass designer Eystein Sandnes is represented at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London . Kari Nyquist has held several exhibitions in Norway and abroad. She has pieces represented at http www.nationalmuseum.no The National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design in Oslo. ref http gratisnettside.no stavangerflinthistorie Kreativ Innsatai Over 30 r Inger Waage h ndmalt ref References Reflist Other sources Gjerde, Jan 2007 Glimt Fra Stavangerflints Historie Stavanger Stavangerflint AS ISBN 978 82 303 0998 8 Olsen, Astrid and Rolf ... 978 82 303 0998 8 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nyquist, Kari ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nyquist, Kari ... Norway artist stub no Kari Nyquist nn Kari Nyquist ... more details
Infobox person name J. Paul Nyquist image NyquistPaul.jpg image size 150 x 185 caption birth date birth place Oakland, Nebraska occupation President of Moody Bible Institute spouse Cheryl Nyquist website http www.moodyministries.net Dr. J. Paul Nyquist is the president of the Moody Bible Institute , in Chicago , IL. He was announced as the ninth president of MBI on April 15, 2009, and assumed the presidency on June 1, 2009, over the Undergraduate School, Graduate School, Moody Radio , and Moody Publishers . ref cite web url http www.moodyministries.net crp mainpage.aspx?id 36892 title Moody s Ninth President publisher Moodyministries.net date accessdate 2009 04 16 ref Dr. Nyquist came to Moody Bible Institute from Avant Ministries, where he served as President. ref cite web url http www.avantministries.org international service center paul nyquist title Church Planting for a Changing World Paul Nyquist publisher Avant Ministries date accessdate 2009 04 16 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Before joining Avant Ministries, Dr. Nyquist served as senior pastor at First Federated Church in Des Moines, Iowa, and Evangelical Bible Church in Omaha, Nebraska. Dr. Nyquist received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Architectural Studies from the University of Nebraska at Lincoln in 1976. He then attended Dallas Theological Seminary where he received a Master of Theology in 1981 and a Ph.D. in Systematic Theology in 1984. ref cite web url http www.avantministries.org title Church Planting for a Changing World publisher Avant Ministries date 2009 01 01 accessdate 2009 04 16 ref He and his wife, Cheryl have been married for 27 years and have four children Natalie a 2005 Moody grad , Taylor, Carson current senior at Moody and Sawyer current sophomore at Moody . References reflist ... Persondata . NAME Nyquist, Paul ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH Oakland, Nebraska DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nyquist, Paul Category Year of birth ... more details
notability biographies date November 2007 Jeffrey R. Nyquist is the author of a book Origins of the Fourth ... run by a financial advice firm. ref name financialsense cite web author Jeffrey R. Nyquist title Nyquist column archive at Financial Sense url http www.financialsense.com stormwatch geo pastanalysis .... Nyquist title Nyquist column archive at WorldNetDaily url http www.worldnetdaily.com news archives.asp ... War In his book Origins of the Fourth World War Nyquist promotes the theory that World War IV and use ... intelligence community for ten years 1962 1973 5 1.php accessdate 2007 06 05 ref The Nyquist ... s Witness Protection Program . ref who claimed that My friend Jeff Nyquist s book, the Origins ... research and analysis. . ref name book advert cite web last Nyquist first Jeffrey R. title Origins ... 2007 06 05 ref wrote that if WorldNetDaily columnist J.R. Nyquist is an expert on Russia, then I ... Nyquist was a regular columnist for the conservative news website WorldNetDaily from 1999 to 2001 ... NewsMax in April 1999. ref name NewsMax search cite web author Jeffrey R. Nyquist title Nyquist column archive at NewsMax url http www.google.com custom?q Nyquist Jeffrey&client pub 2932230807573228&cof ... Books use Template cite book Nyquist, J.R. Origins of the Fourth World War and the Coming Wars of Mass Destruction . Eureka, CA Broadway Printing, 1998. ISBN 0 96668 770 1 Nyquist, J.R. Origins of the Fourth ... 1 58275 010 6 References reflist External links http www.jrnyquist.com Nyquist s official website http www.jrnyquist.com nyquist 2004 1218.htm Bombs Away , interview with J.R. Nyquist, 2004 12 18 http .... R. Nyquist, Geopolitical Global Analysis, 2005 01 06 http www.worldnetdaily.com news article.asp ... main.html archive of Nyquist articles at Financial Sense Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nyquist, Jeffrey ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nyquist, Jeffrey Category Living people Category American journalists ... more details
Ryan Nyquist born March 6, 1979 in Los Gatos, California is a professional BMX rider who has won numerous gold medals in the X Games Dirt Jumping & Bike Park events. He currently rides for Haro Bikes, Osiris Shoes , Rockstar Energy Drink, and The Jiffy Market of Los Gatos. Ryan returned back to San Jose, California where he has a home with his wife and son. He previously lived in Greenville, North Carolina for a period of time. He is known as one of the best contest riders in the history of BMX. He has been a regular top finisher for over fifteen years. He s also known for doing groundbreaking barspin variations. Awards 2002 XGames Park Champion ref name expn.go.com http expn.go.com athletes bios NYQUIST RYAN.html ref 2003 Triple Crown of BMX Park Champion ref name expn.go.com br Triple Crown of BMX Dirt Champion ref name expn.go.com 2004 ESPY Best Action Sports ref http www.ryannyquist.com About ref 2007 AST Dew Tour BMX Dirt Dew Cup Champion. 2009 AST Dew Tour BMX Dirt Dew Cup Champion. Other He was featured on MTV Cribs and made a guest appearance as himself on the cartoon Kim Possible . Nyquist first competed in the X Games in 1996 and has been professional since 1995. References Reflist External links http www.ryannyquist.com Official website http expn.go.com athletes bios NYQUIST RYAN.html Biography at expn.com http www.ast.com modules.php?name Athletes&mv ShowAthlete&AthleteID 33&subnav Athletes&SportID 5 AST Dew Tour Profile http losgatosobserver.com los gatos Article.php?article id 0631 Photographs of Los Gatos event at which Nyquist performed Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nyquist, Ryan ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH March 6, 1979 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nyquist, Ryan Category American cyclists Category Bicycle motocross riders Category People from the San Francisco Bay Area Category 1979 births Category Living people Category X Games athletes US cycling bio stub ... more details
media monthly0809.php ref Season 2009 2010 playing for Maine Black Bears in NCAA 2010 03 06 Nyquist ... Star Team in 2010 and was the only unanimous selection. ref cite web title UNH S BUTLER, MAINE S NYQUIST ... All Tournament Team. ref name goblackbears.cstv.com cite web title Nyquist Named to 2010 All ... Nyquist Named to Hobey Hat Trick publisher url http goblackbears.cstv.com sports m hockey spec rel ... cite web title Gustav Nyquist Named All New England publisher url http goblackbears.cstv.com sports ... First Team ref cite web title Nyquist Named First Team All American publisher url http goblackbears.cstv.com ... Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nyquist, Gustav ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE ... Nyquist, Gustav Category 1989 births Category Living people Category Maine Black Bears men s ice hockey players Category Swedish ice hockey players Sweden icehockey winger stub sv Gustav Nyquist ... more details
unreferenced date November 2009 A Nyquist filter is a filter used in Television set TV receiver s to equalize the video characteristics. The filter is named after the Swedish US engineer Harry Nyquist 1889 1976 . VSB In analogue TV broadcasting the visual radio frequency RF signal is produced by amplitude modulation AM i.e., the video signal Video signal VF modulates the carrier wave carrier . In AM two symmetric sidebands appear , containing identical information. So the RF bandwidth is two times the VF bandwidth. For example, the RF bandwidth of a VF signal with a bandwidth of 4.2 MHz, is 8.4 MHz. System M In order to use the broadcast band more efficiently, one sideband can be suppressed. However, it is impossible to suppress one sideband completely without affecting the other. Furthermore, a very sharp edge filter characteristic causes untolerable delay problems. So as a compromise, a standard filter is used which reduces a considerable portion of one side band lower side band in RF without causing extensive delay problems. Such a filter is known as Vestigal sideband vestigial side band filter VSB . ref Gordon J.King Beginner s Guige to Color Television ,Newnes technical Books,Butterworth & Co. London, 1973 pp.99 ref Example of a VSB In system B the VF bandwidth is 5 MHz. Without any suppression, the corresponding visual RF bandwidth must be 10 MHz. Here, presence of aural signal is omitted for the sake of simplification. But by using a VSB filter, the visual RF bandwidth is reduced to 6.25 MHz 5 MHz in one sideband and 1.25 MHz in the other sideband. The filter characteristic in the suppressed sideband is such that between 0 and 0.75 ... and color saturation of the picture with respect to less detailed portions of the picture. Nyquist ..., a filter named Nyquist filter is used in receivers. This filter, which is used before demodulation ... is reconstructed at the output of the demodulator. The tolerance masks of the Nyquist filter The specifications ... more details
Notability date February 2011 Infobox programminglanguage name A logo File Aplus logo.jpg paradigm array programming array year 1988 designer Arthur Whitney computer scientist Arthur Whitney developer Morgan Stanley latest release version 4.20 2 latest release date November 2006 typing dynamic typing dynamic , strong typing strong implementations A dialects influenced by APL programminglanguage APL influenced K programminglanguage K A is an array programminglanguage , which is derived from the programminglanguage A programminglanguage A , a dialect of APL programminglanguage APL with aggressive extensions. Arthur Whitney computer scientist Arthur Whitney developed the A portion of A , while other developers at Morgan Stanley extended it, adding a graphical user interface and other language features. A was designed for numerically intensive applications, especially those found in financial applications. A runs on many Unix variants, including Linux . A is a high level, interactive, interpreted language . A provides an extended set of functions and operators, a graphical user interface with automatic synchronization of widgets and variables, asynchronous execution of functions associated with variables and events, dynamic loading of user compiled subroutines, and other features. A newer graphical user interface has not yet been ported to all supported platforms. The A language implements the following changes to the APL language an A function may have up to nine formal parameters A code statements are separated by semicolons, so a single statement may be broken up into two .... Arthur Whitney computer scientist Arthur Whitney went on to create the K programminglanguage K language , a proprietary array language. Like J programminglanguage J , K omits the APL character ... Category APL programminglanguage family Category Array programming languages Category Data centric programming languages prog lang stub ms A bahasa pengaturcaraan ja A pt A linguagem de programa o ... more details
Programminglanguage lists A programminglanguage is an artificial language designed to express computation ... , use alternative forms of description. A programminglanguage is usually split into the two ... document, for example, the C programminglanguage C programminglanguage is specified by an International ... Programminglanguage implementation implementation that is used as a reference. Definitions A programminglanguage is a notation for writing computer program programs , which are specifications ... index.htm ref Some, but not all, authors restrict the term programminglanguage to those languages that can ... 0 19 511306 3 ref Traits often considered important for what constitutes a programminglanguage include Function and target A computer programminglanguage is a language ref name Fischer Steven R. Fischer ... that a complete specification for a programminglanguage includes a description, possibly idealized, of a machine or processor for that language. ref name nara2 R. Narasimahan, Programming Languages ..., a programminglanguage involves a computer consequently programming languages are usually defined .... ref Programming languages differ from natural language s in that natural languages are only ... flow of execution . The practical necessity that a programminglanguage support adequate abstractions ... languages can implement the same set of algorithm s. SQL ANSI ISO SQL and Charity programminglanguage ... home.html month December year 1996 accessdate 2006 06 29 , Charity is a categorical programminglanguage ... 1999 XML in 10 points.html XML in 10 points W3C , 1999, XML is not a programminglanguage. ref ref ... year 2003 isbn 0 07 222 942 X page 25 quote HTML is not a programminglanguage. ref ref cite book last1 ... 2005 isbn 0 7645 8845 1 page 20 quote ...it s a markup language, not a programminglanguage. ref ... VS.85 .aspx title XSLT is a ProgrammingLanguage publisher Msdn.microsoft.com date accessdate 2010 12 03 ref ref cite book last Scott first Michael title ProgrammingLanguage Pragmatics publisher ... more details
Infobox programminglanguage name T logo paradigm Multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm Object oriented programming object oriented , Imperative programming imperative , Functional programming functional , metaprogramming meta year 1980s designer Jonathan A. Rees and br Norman I. Adams developer Jonathan A. Rees and br Norman I. Adams latest release version 3.0 release date 1984 8 1 latest release date typing dynamic typing dynamic , strong typing strong influenced by Scheme programminglanguage Scheme influenced EuLisp Joule programminglanguage Joule operating system Cross platform license website file ext The T programminglanguage is a dialect of the Scheme programminglanguage Scheme programminglanguage developed in the early 1980s by Jonathan A. Rees, Kent M. Pitman, and Norman I. Adams of Yale University as an experiment in language design and implementation. T s purpose is to test the thesis developed by Guy L. Steele, Jr. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman Sussman in their series of papers about Scheme that Scheme may be used as the basis for a practical programminglanguage of exceptional expressive power, and that implementations of Scheme could perform better than other Lisp systems, and competitively with implementations of programming languages, such as C programminglanguage C and BLISS programminglanguage BLISS , which are usually considered to be inherently more efficient than Lisp on conventional machine architectures. In 1987 Stephen Slade published the book The T ProgrammingLanguage A Dialect of LISP . T contains some features that modern Scheme does not have. For example, T is object oriented , and it has first class environments, called locales , which can be modified non locally and used as a module system. T has several extra special forms ... ftp papers t manual.pdf T manual PDF from ReadScheme Category Lisp programminglanguage family Category Scheme programminglanguage cs T programovac jazyk ... more details
infobox programminglanguage name S logo paradigm year 1975 1976 designer developer Rick Becker, Allan Wilks, John Chambers programmer John Chambers latest release version latest release date typing implementations R programminglanguage R , S PLUS dialects influenced by influenced operating system license website S is a statistical programminglanguage developed primarily by John Chambers programmer John Chambers and in earlier versions Rick Becker and Allan Wilks of Bell Labs Bell Laboratories . The aim of the language, as expressed by John Chambers, is to turn ideas into software, quickly and faithfully. The two modern implementations of S are R programminglanguage R and S PLUS . History Old S S is one of several statistical computing languages that were designed at Bell Laboratories, and first took form between 1975 1976. Up to that time, much of the statistical computing was done by directly calling Fortran subroutines however, S was designed to offer an alternate and more interactive ... letter used in statistical computing, and is consistent with other programming languages designed from the same institution at the time namely the C programminglanguage C programminglanguage ... made to S and the syntax of the language. The New S Language ref cite book last Becker first R.A. authorlink coauthors Chambers, J.M., and Wilks, A.R. title The New S Language A Programming Environment ... to C, and the use of double precision only arithmetic. The New S language is very similar to that used in modern versions of S plus S PLUS and R programminglanguage R . In 1991, Statistical Models ... features. S4 classes differ markedly from S3 classes. See also R programminglanguage S PLUS References ... DEFAULTSORT S ProgrammingLanguage Category Statistical programming languages de S Statistiksprache ... apply code . Many other changes to the S language were to extend the concept of objects , and to make ... A. Becker in PostScript format http cm.bell labs.com stat doc 96.7.ps Evolution of the S Language ... more details
right 200px The Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem , after Harry Nyquist and Claude Shannon , is a fundamental ... spaced 1 2 B seconds apart. blockquote The theorem is commonly called the Nyquist sampling theorem ..., it is also known as Nyquist Shannon Kotelnikov , Whittaker Shannon Kotelnikov , Whittaker Nyquist ... yields a sub Nyquist sampling criterion. Introduction A signal or function is bandlimited if it contains ... rate f sub s sub in samples per unit time is math f s 2 B. math The quantity 2 B is called the Nyquist rate and is a property of the bandlimited signal, while f sub s sub 2 is called the Nyquist frequency .... This condition is called the Nyquist criterion , or sometimes the Raabe condition. If the original .... This lower bound to the sampling frequency, 2 B , is called the Nyquist rate . If instead the sampling ... s sub 2, of the signal to allow for perfect reconstruction. This upper bound is the Nyquist frequency ... be invoked via the artifice of resampling a hypothetical continuous time reconstruction. The Nyquist ... f sub s sub 2, the Nyquist frequency. A function that is sufficient for that and all less severe cases ... the Nyquist condition. ref Nonuniform Sampling, Theory and Practice ed. F. Marvasti , Kluwer ... Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem Beyond Nyquist Beyond Nyquist below using compressed sensing . In particular, the theory, using signal processing language, is described in this 2009 paper. ref http ... are unknown, then it is necessary to sample at least at twice the Nyquist criteria in other words, you ... sampling requirements do not necessarily guarantee Numerical stability stability . Beyond Nyquist The Nyquist ... Shannon interpolation formula , the Nyquist criterion is also a necessary condition to avoid ... are imposed on the signal, then the Nyquist criterion may no longer be a necessary and sufficient condition ... Nyquist sampling rate. Specifically, this applies to signals that are sparse or compressible in some ... all together in a single band, so that the Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem Sampling of non baseband ... more details
Image Raised cosine ISI.png thumb 400px Raised cosine response meets the Nyquist ISI criterion. Consecutive raised cosine impulses demonstrate the zero ISI property between transmitted symbols at the sampling instants. At t 0 the middle pulse is at its maximum and the sum of other impulses is zero. In communications, the Nyquist ISI criterion describes the conditions which, when satisfied by a Channel communications communication channel , result in no intersymbol interference or ISI. It provides a method for constructing band limited functions to overcome the effects of intersymbol interference. When consecutive symbols are transmitted over a channel by a linear modulation such as Amplitude shift keying ASK , Quadrature amplitude modulation QAM , etc. , the impulse response or equivalently the frequency response of the channel causes a transmitted symbol to be spread in the time domain. This causes intersymbol interference because the previously transmitted symbols affect the currently received symbol, thus reducing tolerance for noise . The Nyquist theorem relates this time domain condition to an equivalent frequency domain condition. The Nyquist criterion is closely related to the Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem , with only a differing point of view. Nyquist criterion If we denote the channel impulse response as math h t math , then the condition for an ISI free response can be expressed as math h n T s begin cases 1 & n 0 0 & n neq 0 end cases math for all integers math n math , where math T s math is the symbol data symbol period. The Nyquist theorem says that this is equivalent ... is the Fourier transform of math h t math . This is the Nyquist ISI criterion. This criterion can ... satisfy the Nyquist criterion, symbols can be transmitted over a channel with flat response within ... 1 math and math frac 1 T s sum k infty infty H left f frac k T s right 1 math . This is the Nyquist ... samples. See also Intersymbol interference Nyquist rate Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem Pulse shaping ... more details
Image Nyquist example.png thumb The Nyquist plot for math G s frac 1 s 2 s 1 math . The Nyquist stability criterion , named after Harry Nyquist , provides a simple test for BIBO stability stability of a closed loop control system by examining the open loop system s Nyquist plot . Under many circumstances, stability of the closed loop control system may be determined directly by computing the Pole complex analysis pole s of the closed loop transfer function . In contrast, the Nyquist stability criterion allows stability to be determined without computing the closed loop pole s. Background We consider a system whose open loop transfer function OLTF is math G s math when placed in a closed loop ... of the OLTF using the Nyquist criterion, as follows. Any Laplace domain transfer function math mathcal ... Nyquist in 1932 uses a less elegant approach. The approach explained here is similar to the approach ... appears in most modern textbooks on control theory. The Nyquist criterion We first construct The Nyquist Contour , a contour that encompasses the right half of the complex plane a path traveling ... 0 j infty math . The Nyquist Contour mapped through the function math 1 G s math yields a plot ... through the open loop transfer function math G s math , the result is the Nyquist Plot of math G ... G s math are same as the poles of math G s math , we now state The Nyquist Criterion Given a Nyquist ... 1 j0 math must be equal to math P math , the number of open loop poles in the right half plane. The Nyquist ... on the imaginary axis, the Nyquist Contour can be modified to avoid passing through the point math ... l math , then the Nyquist plot has a discontinuity at math omega 0 math . During further analysis ... math axis. See also What the Nyquist Criterion Means to Your Sampled Data System Design http www.analog.com ... parameters Category Classical control ar ca Criteri de Nyquist cs Nyquistovo krit rium stability de Stabilit tskriterium von Nyquist it Criterio di Nyquist nl Nyquist ... more details
Johnson Nyquist noise thermal noise , Johnson noise , or Nyquist noise is the electronic noise electronic noise physics noise generated by the thermal agitation of the charge carriers usually the electron s inside an electrical conductor at equilibrium, which happens regardless of any applied voltage . Thermal noise is approximately white noise white , meaning that the power spectral density is nearly equal throughout the frequency spectrum however see the section below on extremely high frequencies . Additionally, the amplitude of the signal has very nearly a Normal distribution Gaussian probability density function . ref cite web url http focus.ti.com lit an slod006b slod006b.pdf title Op Amps For Everyone accessdate 2006 12 06 last Mancini first Ron coauthors others year 2002 month August format Portable Document Format PDF work Application Notes publisher Texas Instruments pages http focus.ti.com lit an slod006b slod006b.pdf page 148 p. 148 quote Thermal noise and shot noise see below have Gaussian probability density functions. The other forms of noise do not. ref History This type of noise was first measured by John B. Johnson at Bell Labs in 1928. ref J. Johnson, http link.aps.org abstract PR v32 p97 Thermal Agitation of Electricity in Conductors , Phys. Rev. 32, 97 1928 the experiment ref He described his findings to Harry Nyquist , also at Bell Labs, who was able to explain the results. ref H. Nyquist, http link.aps.org abstract PR v32 p110 Thermal Agitation of Electric Charge in Conductors , Phys. Rev. 32, 110 1928 the theory ref Noise voltage and power Thermal noise is distinct from shot noise , which consists of additional current fluctuations that occur when a voltage ... with detailed math http www.sengpielaudio.com calculator noise.htm Johnson Nyquist noise or thermal ... http www.phys.sci.kobe u.ac.jp sonoda notes nyquist random.ps Derivation of the Nyquist relation using ... Nyquist fr Bruit thermique it Rumore termico he nl Thermische ruis ja pl Szum ... more details
An audio programminglanguage is a programminglanguage specifically optimized for sound and music production or sound synthesis . Some of the languages below are optimized more for music composition, and some ... synthesis environments . abc notation abc , a language for notating music using the ASCII character set Advanced Music Production Language and Environment AMPLE , a Forth like music programminglanguage with concurrency ChucK , strongly timed, concurrent, and on the fly audio programminglanguage Cmix, Real time Cmix , a MUSIC N synthesis language somewhat similar to Csound CMusic Common Lisp Music ... language released under the GNU Lesser General Public License LGPL with many available unit generator s Functional Audio Stream FAUST programminglanguage FAUST , compiled language for real time audio signal processing Haskore Hierarchical Music Specification Language HMSL , optimized more for music than synthesis, developed in the 1980s in Forth programminglanguage Forth Impromptu programming environment Impromptu , a Scheme programminglanguage Scheme language environment for Mac OS X capable of sound and video synthesis, algorithmic composition, and 2D and 3D graphics programming jMax , Java programminglanguage Java based MAX clone jMusic JSyn Liquidsoap http savonet.sourceforge.net Loco Audio ProgrammingLanguage Loco designed to be for sound what Logo programminglanguage Logo is for graphics Max MSP Melodyne Music Macro Language MML MUSIC N , includes versions I, II, III, IV, IV B, IV BF, V, 11, and 360 Nsound http nsound.sourceforge.net , C API for sound synthesis NyquistprogramminglanguageNyquist OpenMusic PatchWork Pure Data PWGL Q Audio http q lang.sourceforge.net Ring Tone Transfer Language Soundscrape http ambient.2y.net soundscrape Strasheela http strasheela.sourceforge.net Structured Audio Orchestra Language SAOL , part of the MPEG 4 Structured Audio standard ... cgi showlist.cgi?sort name&concise yes External list Category Audio programming languages ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 Orphan date October 2008 A hybrid programminglanguage or hybrid level programminglanguage is a programminglanguage that allows different programming languages to share the same code sheet. For example, FreeBASIC has in line assembly language assembly so that low level programminglanguage lower level code can be allowed for high level programming. DEFAULTSORT Hybrid ProgrammingLanguage Category Programminglanguage classification ... more details
G ProgrammingLanguage may refer to G code , programminglanguage, used mainly in automation G, the graphical programminglanguage used in LabVIEW the former name of Deesel , a metaprogramming language based on Java Disambig ... more details
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