Infobox Language family name Nuristani region Nuristan familycolor Indo European fam2 Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian The Nuristanilanguages Perso Arabic script Perso Arabic nastaliq are one of the three groups within the Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian language family , alongside the much larger Indo Aryan languages Indo Aryan and Iranian languages Iranian groups. ref SIL International ... loanwords present in Dardic. History The Nuristanilanguages were not described in the literature until the 19th century. The older name for the region was Kafiristan and the languages were termed ... of the region to Islam in 1896. Nuristanilanguages are generally regarded as an independent group ... them, they must be considered endangered languages . There are five Nuristanilanguages, each spoken ... & Chitrali in Pakistan. List of Nuristanilanguages Askunu language Ashkun 2,000 speakers ... NuristaniLanguages http www.ethnologue.com show language.asp?code xvi Kamviri, a Language of Afghanistan ... languages Kalasha mun language Garhwali Nuristani people Nuristan Province Indo Iranian languages Category Nuristanilanguages Category Languages of Afghanistan Category Pre Islamic history of Afghanistan Category Languages of Pakistan bn bg de Nuristani Sprachen ... Languages. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 93.3 297 305. ref They are spoken primarily in eastern Afghanistan . Many Nuristanilanguages are Subject Object Verb SOV like most of the languages Indo iranian languages adjacent to it such as other Indo Aryan and Iranian languages Iranian and many other languages in Asia, distinct from Dardic for the apparent V2 verb order which is notably used in German language German , Old English and Dutch language Dutch . The languages were often confused ..., 1975 . However, sometimes it is classified in the Dardic languages branch of the Indo Aryan languages ... languages Iranian , but greatly influenced by the nearby Dardic languages . In any event, it would ... more details
film . See also Nuristan Province Nuristanilanguages Kalash Garhwali Demographics of Afghanistan Kambojas ...Ethnic group group Nuristani people image File Girl in a Kabul orphanage, 01 07 2002.jpg 200px poptime ca. 125,000 300,000 ref name LOC popplace Nuristan Province langs Nuristanilanguages , Pashto language Pashto and Dari Persian Persian Dari rels Sunni Islam related Kalash people Kalash , Pashtun people , Pashai people , Burusho s and Dardic people Dards The Nuristani people are an ethnic group Indigenous peoples indigenous to the Nuristan Province Nuristan region of northeastern Afghanistan . The Nuristanis are a people whose ancestors practiced what was apparently an ancient Indo Iranian polytheistic religion until they were converted to Islam in the late 19th century by Emir Abdur Rahman ... needed date December 2010 The Nuristani are distinguished from the Kalash people Kalash of Chitral ... of Congress, 2001. ref The Nuristani were formerly classified into Siah Posh black robed Kafirs and Safed ... known as Nuristani. However, they have retained some of their old customs and traces of their previous beliefs. Citation needed date March 2011 Soviet war in Afghanistan General Issa Nuristani was second ... of Afghanistan . Before his assassination, General Issa called the Nuristani people in a Jihad against the Soviet Army. The Nuristani people were among the first in Afghanistan to rise against the Soviet ... people Koms tribe, the Nuristani were the first citizens of Afghanistan to successfully revolt ... hair, eyes, and skin like other Nuristani. Now they normally use Kuraishi with their names. Tribes Image AfghanistanNurestan.png thumb 225px right Nuristan, in light green The Nuristani do not have ... Nuristani Tribal Tree US Naval Postgraduate School http users.sedona.net strand Nuristan Hidden Land of the Hindu Kush DEFAULTSORT Nuristani People Category Nuristani people bg de Nuristani eo Nuristananoj fa hr Nuristanci it Nuristani ml pl Nurista czycy ... more details
Issa Nuristani or Issa Khan Nuristan was a community leader among the Safed Posh triube in Nuristan , Afghanistan , who led a group of Nuristani people in rebellion against the Soviets at the start of the Soviet Afghan War . He was assassinated early in the conflict. ref Ron Clark Ball . http books.google.com books?id AaTUudWxn60C&pg PA360&dq Issa Nuristani&cd 1 v onepage&q Issa 20Nuristani&f false Falcon on the Tower . Lulu.com, 2007. ISBN 0615140165, 9780615140162 ref References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nuristani, Issa ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nuristani, Issa Category Nuristani people Category Afghan tribal leaders Category People involved in the Soviet war in Afghanistan Category Year of death missing afghanistan bio stub ... more details
Abdul Qadir Nuristani was a Ministry of Interior Afghanistan Afghan Minister of the Interior during the Republic of Afghanistan . Abdul Qadir had previously been a Chief of Police noted for his brutality. He replaced minister Faiz Mohammad , a purged Parchamite , in late 1975. ref Beverley Male. http books.google.com books?id cYOAAAAQAAJ&pg PA57&dq 22Abdul Qadir Nuristani 22&hl en&ei wJe1S8PZHsGblgfbnNCUBA&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 1&ved 0CDMQ6AEwAA v onepage&q 22Abdul 20Qadir 20Nuristani 22&f false Revolutionary Afghanistan a reappraisal . Taylor & Francis, 1982. ISBN 0 7099 1716 3, 9780709917168 ref References reflist afghanistan stub Category Afghan people Category Nuristani people ... more details
Infobox Governor name Mohammad Tamim Nuristani br image Mohammad Tamim Nuristani.jpg imagesize 225px caption order office Governor of Nuristan Province , Afghanistan term start early 2005 term end lieutenant predecessor successor birth date birth place Nuristan Province Nuristan , Afghanistan death date death place spouse profession party religion Muslim order2 term start2 term end2 predecessor2 successor2 Mohammad Tamim Nuristani lang ps is a businessman and politician from Nuristan Province of Afghanistan . ref name NPS http www.nps.edu programs ccs Docs Executive Summaries Nuristan Executive Summary.pdf ref Mohammad Tamin is the current governor of Nuristan Province. ref http www.reliefweb.int rw RWB.NSF db900SID KKEE 6DSPE7?OpenDocument ref Nuristani has spent considerable time abroad as a student in Germany and in the restaurant business in Brooklyn and California . ref name NPS Notes Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH Nuristan Province Nuristan , Afghanistan DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Category Afghan governors Category Living people Afghanistan politician stub ... more details
File Provincial Reconstruction Team Herat.jpg thumb Dr. Ahmad Yusef Nuristani center , with British Royal Marine Lieutenant General Sir James Dutton left and Dutch Vice Admiral Matthieu Borsboom Ahmad Yusuf Nuristani was the spokesperson for Mr. Hamid Karzai, the President of the Islamic State of Afghanistan during the interim administration and subsequently appointed Minister of Irrigation, Water Resources and Environment during the transitional period of Afghan government. ref cite news url http www.irinnews.org report.aspx?reportid 19587 title AFGHANISTAN Interview with irrigation and environment minister date 2003 04 08 publisher Integrated Regional Information Networks accessdate 24 January 2010 ref In January 2005 he became First Deputy Minister of Defense. From February 2009 to August 2010 he served as the Governor of Herat . ref cite news url http www.atimes.com atimes South Asia KJ22Df01.html title Herat mourns a rebel commander last Saber first Mustafa date 2009 10 22 publisher Asia Times accessdate 24 January 2010 ref ref http www.nps.edu programs ccs Herat Herat.html Herat Province Program for Culture & Conflict Studies CCS , Naval Postgraduate School, U.S. Navy, 13 September 2010 version, accessed 15 March 2011, archived http www.webcitation.org 5xD2mrUdl here by WebCitation . ref He used to serve in the US consulate in Peshawar, Pakistan for several years. ref http www.e ariana.com ariana eariana.nsf allDocs 7EA699E3DB38B23187256CC90045DB05?OpenDocument e Ariana The Washington Post Afghan Americans Hold Levers of Power ref ref http pqasb.pqarchiver.com washingtonpost access 285784041.html?dids 285784041 285784041&FMT ABS&FMTS ABS FT&type current&date Feb 10 2C 2003&author Marc Kaufman&pub The Washington Post&desc Afghan Americans Hold Levers of Power 3B U.S. Citizens Appointed to Senior Posts in Kabul Draw Praise 2C Scrutiny The Washington Post Afghan Americans ... S. Saba s end References reflist DEFAULTSORT Nuristani, Ahmed Yusuf Category Afghan governors Nuristani ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox Language family name Are region Eastern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 Papuan Tip languages Papuan Tip fam6 Kilivila Nuclear Papuan Tip fam7 Are Taupota languages Are Taupota The family of Are languages is a subgroup of the Are Taupota languages . It consists of 7 language s. Components Are language Are Arifama Miniafia language Arifama Miniafia Doga language Doga Gapapaiwa language Gapapaiwa Ghayavi language Ghayavi Kaninuwa language Kaninuwa Ubir language Ubir DEFAULTSORT Are Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Nuclear Papuan Tip languages Au lang stub PapuaNewGuinea stub hr Are jezici ... more details
Image Language map.JPG right thumb 250px Languages spoken in Pakistan Chitral is the northernmost district in Pakistan s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is a former Princely State . Despite being in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chitral is not a Pashtun area. Chitral shares much of its history and culture with the neighboring territory of Gilgit Baltistan . The major language of Chitral is Khowar , a Dardic langanuage known as Chitrali language. Accoording to the research of Rehmat Aziz Chitrali , Director Khowar Academy most of the minority languages spoken in Chitral are also Dardic including Kalasha , Gawarbati , Dameli , Madaklashti , Kirghizi and Phalula . Iranian languages Iranic languages spoken by immigrant groups in Chitral include Pashto , Persian people Persian , and Wakhi . An indigenous Iranic language spoken in Chitral is Yidgha . There are also migrants form Nuristan who speak several Nuristani dialects. Finally there is a large community if Gujjar herdmen who were originally nomadic, but have now settled permanently in parts of Lower Chitral and they speak the Indo Aryan Gojri Language. Thus Chitral is considered to be one of the most lingusitically diverse regions in the world, but nearly all of these groups use Khowar as a lingua franca for inter ethnic communication, except for the southernmost part of the district where Pashto plays that role. Category Chitral District Category Languages of Chitral ... more details
and Nuristanilanguages N rest n Nuristani Kati are spoken by minority groups across the country. In 1980, these languages have been granted official status in the regions where they are the language ... States date June 30, 2002 ref Other important regional languages, such as Uzbek language zb k Uzbek ... v languages title AFGHANISTAN v. Languages quote publisher Encyclop dia Iranica , online ed. work Ch. M. Kieffer accessdate 2010 12 10 ref Other minor languages may include Askunu language Ashkunu , Kamkata ... ala language Kalasha ala , Pamir languages Pamiri Shughni language Shughni , Munji language Munji ... languages, and it has maintained its status of lingua franca . Persian is the native tongue of various ... www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 7798 Afghanistan 226122 Languages title Languages of Afghanistan ... Uzbek language Uzbek and Turkmen language Turkmen 6 style text align center 30 minority languages ... reflist External links http gulf2000.columbia.edu images maps Afghanistan Languages lg.jpg Distribution of languages map from Columbia University Asia in topic Languages of DEFAULTSORT Languages Of Afghanistan Category Languages of Afghanistan bn eo Lingvoj de Afganio fa ... more details
languages The Dardic group has traditionally been defined as a sub group of the Indo Aryan languages which experienced strong influence from the NuristanilanguagesNuristani and Eastern Iranian languages East Iranian languages. NuristanilanguagesNuristani , a group of languages spoken in northeast ... language Kishtwari See also Dard people Nuristanilanguages Notes 1. note 1 The Khowar ... Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian fam3 Indo Aryan languages Indo Aryan ? child1 Chitral child2 Kashmiri language Kashmiri child3 Kohistani languages Kohistani child4 Kunar languages Kunar child5 Shina languages Shina The Dardic languages Perso Arabic script Perso Arabic nastaliq are a sub group of the Indo Aryan languages Indo Aryan languages spoken in northern Pakistan , eastern Afghanistan ... languages living, endangered, and lost author Peter K. Austin date 2008 isbn 0520255607 publisher ... is one of the twenty two national languages of India, and belongs to the Dardic group, a non genetic term that covers about two dozen Indo Aryan languages spoken in geographically isolated, mountainous ... fifteen Indo Iranian languages in northwestern India the most significant language is Kashmiri approx. 3 million speakers ... ref ref name kloss1989 Citation title The Written Languages of the World ... url http books.google.com books?id yU8nq C6wnoC quote ... Among all the languages of the Dardic ... languages. The very existence of the family has been called into question by some, though the Dardic languages share common features different from Indo Aryan, such as the so called Dardic metathesis karma krama . Except for Kashmiri language Kashmiri , all of the Dardic languages are small minority ... to access due to mountainous terrain and or armed conflicts in the region. All of the languages including Kashmiri have been historically influenced by more prominent non Dardic neighboring languages. While it is true that many Dardic languages have been influenced by non Dardic neighbors, Dardic ... more details
to, also unattested, proto Indo Aryan language. The proto Indo Aryan gave birth to various Indic languages over the time. ref name Skj rv 2006 The collection of all Iranian languages and all Indo Aryan languages and perhaps separate ref the Nuristanilanguages, appears to constitute a separate branch of Indo Iranian, but the exact relationship is disputed . cf. Harv Skj rv 2006 ref Nuristanilanguages ...About the Iranian languageslanguages spoken in Iran Languages of Iran the official language of Iran ... , Central Asia , and western South Asia familycolor Indo European fam2 Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian child1 Western Iranian languages Western Iranian child2 Eastern Iranian languages Eastern Iranian ... The Iranian languages also called Iranic languages form a subfamily of the Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian languages which in turn is a subgroup of Indo European languages Indo European language family . They have been and are spoken by Iranian peoples . The Iranian languages are considered in three ... languages the better understood and recorded ones are Old Persian language Old Persian a language of Achaemenid Iran and Avestan language Avestan the language of Zarathushtra . Middle Iranian languages ... Iran . New Iranian languages includes many languages including Persian and Kurdish. Today, there are an estimated 150 200 million native speakers of Iranian languages. Citation needed date August 2009 The Ethnologue lists 87 Iranian languages. ref name SIL cite journal last Gordon first Raymond G., Jr. ed. title Report for Iranian languages journal Ethnologue Languages of the World year 2005 ... million, and Baluchi language Baluchi about 7 million. The term See also Indo Iranian languages The term ... . ref name Skj rv 2006 Harv Skj rv 2006 ref As such these proto languages were unattested and spoken ... millennium BCE. The area in which Iranian languages, i.e. descendants of proto Iranian language, have .... ref Cust, Robert Needham. 1878. A sketch of the modern languages of the East Indies. London Tr bner ... more details
For American languages see Indigenous languages of the Americas Languages of North America Languages of South America Languages of the United States disambig ... more details
The Zunda languages are a group of related languages that, along with Tekela languages , are a subdivision of the Nguni languages Nguni branch belonging to the larger Bantu languages Bantu family . Zunda languages include Zulu language Zulu 10 million Xhosa language Xhosa 8 million Northern Ndebele language Northern Ndebele or Zimbabwean Ndebele 1,6 million nc lang stub Category Languages of South Africa Category Southern Bantu languages Nguni languages Zunda languages ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox Language family name Bel region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz The eight Bel languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea . Components Astrolabe languages Nuclear Bel languages DEFAULTSORT Bel Languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Au lang stub ... more details
Finnic languages usually means the Baltic Finnic languages , but may also refer to some other groupings of Uralic languages Finno Permic languages Finno Volgaic languages Volga Finnic languages only a geographic category Baltic Finnic languages See also Uralic languages Classification of languages disambig ar ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The Awan languages are Barbacoan languages that include the Awa Pit language and the Pasto languages spoken in Ecuador and Colombia . Pasto is extinct. DEFAULTSORT Awan Languages Category Awan languages Category Languages of Ecuador Category Barbacoan languages Category Endangered indigenous languages of the Americas Na lang stub mk ... more details
Infobox Language family name Nyima region Sudan familycolor Nilo Saharan fam2 Eastern Sudanic languages Eastern Sudanic fam3 Astaboran languages Astaboran The Nyima languages are a pair of languages of Sudan spoken by the Nyimang that are part of the Eastern Sudanic languages Eastern Sudanic family of Nilo Saharan languages . The languages are Ama language Ama Nyimang and Dinik language Dinik Afitti . ns lang stub Category Eastern Sudanic languages br Yezho tamek mk ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Many languages are indigenous to Oceania they belong to several families. The Austronesian languages Austronesian family is the most common, found throughout many Pacific Islands, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea. Australia is home to many diverse families of Languages of Australia indigenous languages Pama Nyungan languages Gunwinyguan languages Macro Pama Nyungan languages Southwest Pama Nyungan languages Bunaban languages 2 languages in two branches Daly languages 11 19 languages in four branches, including Murrinh Patha language Murrinh Patha Limilngan languages 2 languages, extinct? Djeragan languages 3 5 languages in two branches Nyulnyulan languages 4 8 languages in one branch Wororan languages 7 12 languages in three branches Indo Pacific languages Andaman languagesLanguages of Papua New Guinea Tasmanian languages Also, the languages of European settlers and colonial powers are common in the region, such as English in Australia and New Zealand , Spanish language Spanish in Easter Island , and French in New Caledonia , etc. There are also creole language creoles formed from the interaction of the European and indigenous languages, such as Tok Pisin , Hawaiian Pidgin , Norfuk and Pitkern . See also List of extinct languages of Oceania Template group list Languages of Oceania Countries and languages lists DEFAULTSORT Languages Of Oceania Category Languages of Oceania Au lang stub bn ru ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox Language family name Kairiru region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 Schouten languages Schouten fam6 Kairiru Manam languages Kairiru Manam The three Kairiru languages form a group of Austronesian languages in northern Papua New Guinea . They are Kaiep language Kaiep , Kairiru language Kairiru , and Terebu language Terebu . DEFAULTSORT Kairiru Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Western Oceanic languages PapuaNewGuinea stub Au lang stub ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 Infobox Language family name Mengen region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz fam7 ? The three Mengen languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea . Components Lote language Lote Mamusi language Mamusi Mengen language Mengen DEFAULTSORT Mengen Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Western Oceanic languages Au lang stub ... more details
The Tekela languages are a group of related languages that, along with Zunda languages , are a subdivision of the Nguni languages Nguni branch belonging to the larger Bantu languages Bantu family . Tekela languages include Swazi language Swazi 3 million Phuthi language Phuthi ref Donnelly 2007 Chapter 1 2007 1 61 addresses linguistic properties of Nguni. ref 20,000 Bhaca language Bhaca ref See Archibald Campbell Jordan Jordan 1942. ref , Hlubi language Hlubi , Cele language Cele and Lala language Lala . Reflist nc lang stub Category Languages of South Africa Category Southern Bantu languages Nguni languages Tekela languages ... more details
Infobox Language family name Hote region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz ? fam7 Huon Gulf languages Huon Gulf fam8 South Huon Gulf languages South Huon Gulf fam9 Hote Buang languages Hote Buang The two Hote languages of the Huon Gulf area, Papua New Guinea , form a group of Hote Buang languages . Components Hote language Hote Yamap language Yamap External links http www.ethnologue.org show family.asp?subid 91715 Ethnologue report for Hote languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea au lang stub ... more details
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