This is a partial list of newsgroups that are significant for their popularity or their position in Usenet history. As of October 2002 , there are about 100,000 Usenet newsgroup s, of which approximately a fifth are active. Fact date February 2007 This number varies, depending on the news server carrying the newsgroups. The Big 8 hierarchies These are the most widely distributed and carefully controlled newsgroup hierarchies. See Big 8 Usenet and the Great Renaming for more information. comp See also comp. hierarchy Computer related topics. humanities Topics related to the humanities fine arts, literature, philosophy, Classical Latin , etc. . misc Miscellaneous topics. Examples include misc.legal.moderated A moderated legal forum. misc.taxes.moderated &mdash A moderated professional tax forum open to the general public. news Matters related to the functioning of Usenet itself. Examples include news.admin.net abuse.blocklisting &mdash discussion related to the use of blocklists to deal with spam and other unwanted network traffic. news.admin.net abuse.email &mdash discussion of abuse of email by spammers and other parties. rec Recreation and entertainment topics. Examples include rec.arts.movies.current films The latest movie releases. rec.arts.movies.past films Past films. rec.arts.sf.tv Discussing general television SF i.e. science fiction , or speculative fiction . rec.arts.sf.tv.babylon5.moderated &mdash discussion of Babylon 5 and other projects of J. Michael Straczynski . rec.arts.tv The boob tube, its history, and past and current shows, i.e. the main television newsgroup. rec.arts.tv.soaps.cbs discussion about soap operas broadcast by the CBS television network. rec.arts.tv.mst3k.misc ... &mdash Spider Robinson s Callahan s Place online alt.config &mdash creation of new newsgroups in the Alt ..., magazines, and pamphlets zine s . Other newsgroups These newsgroups fall outside of the official ... Newsgroups ... more details
There are several newsgroup s relevant for discussions about cryptography and related issues. news sci.crypt sci.crypt &mdash an unmoderated forum for discussions on technical aspects of cryptography . news sci.crypt.research sci.crypt.research &mdash a similar, Usenet newsgroup Moderated newsgroups moderated group, focusing on research into cryptography. It was founded based on a charter by Peter Gutmann computer scientist Peter Gutmann . news sci.crypt.random numbers sci.crypt.random numbers &mdash discuss generation of secure random number s. news talk.politics.crypto talk.politics.crypto &mdash discussions of the relationship between cryptography and government. The original charter was by D.J. Silverton. news alt.security.pgp alt.security.pgp &mdash discussion of Pretty Good Privacy PGP and related software. sci.crypt In 1995, Bruce Schneier commented, It is read by an estimated 100,000 people worldwide. Most of the posts are nonsense, bickering, or both some are political, and most of the rest are requests for information or basic questions. Occasionally nuggets of new and useful information are posted to this newsgroup. Practical Cryptography Less mathematical Applied Cryptography , 2nd ed, pages 608 609 . Leaked descriptions of secret algorithms have been posted to the Internet via sci.crypt, for example RC2 , RC4 cipher RC4 and Khufu and Khafre . Others have been hoaxes Iraqi block cipher and S 1 block cipher S 1 , the latter an alleged description of the then secret Skipjack cipher Skipjack cipher. The group is also the origin of the term, Rubber hose cryptanalysis . External links http www.alt security keydist.info newsgroups Newsgroups for cryptography http www.faqs.org faqs cryptography faq sci.crypt Frequently Asked Questions crypto stub Category Cryptography journals Category Usenet fr Groupes de discussion sur la cryptologie ... more details
Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups also referred to as Mozilla Mail News or simply Mozilla Mail is an e mail client e mail and news client that is part of the Mozilla Application Suite . Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups features e.g. support for relevant protocols such as Internet Message Access Protocol IMAP , Post Office Protocol POP3 and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP , a built in Bayesian spam filter , support for multiple accounts, etc. The feature set is mostly comparable with that of the stand alone alternative, Mozilla Thunderbird . This is because the two applications share the same codebase for most things except the user interface . Mozilla Application Suite has been superseded by SeaMonkey and the email and news client is now SeaMonkey Mail & Newsgroups. A re packaged version of Mozilla Mail and Newsgroups was also included in Netscape versions 6 and 7, known as Netscape Mail & Newsgroups , and also appears in Classilla . See also List of news clients Mozilla Thunderbird External links http mozilla.org products mozilla1.x Mozilla Suite homepage http www.mozilla.org mailnews Mozilla Mail News E mail clients network software stub Category Mozilla Application Suite Category Free Usenet clients Category Windows email clients Category Linux email clients Category Mac OS X email clients Category Free email software cs SeaMonkey Po ta ... more details
of Mozilla Mail and Newsgroups has now been continued as SeaMonkey SeaMonkey Mail and Newsgroups . Re ... also Netscape Messenger 9 Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups Netscape 7 Netscape web browser SeaMonkey References ... pt Netscape Mail & Newsgroups zh Netscape Mail & Newsgroups ... more details
Other uses Moderator disambiguation On the Internet, moderator may refer to Internet forum Moderator Forum moderators IRC moderators Game moderator s Moderators of Usenet Usenet newsgroup Newsgroups See also Google Moderator dab ... more details
Summary A screenshot of Netscape Mail 7, in the default theme on Windows XP Non free fair use rationale Article Netscape Mail & Newsgroups Description A screenshot of Netscape Mail & Newsgroups 7.0UK in Windows XP Source User Marbles Portion A screenshot of Windows XP Purpose To provide a visual representation of Netscape 7 in Windows Resolution No Replaceability No other information The image was taken using standard Windows Print Screen facility and Microsoft Paint . Licensing Non free software screenshot Category Screenshots of Windows software ... more details
Wiktionary Newsreader can refer to Newsreader Usenet , a computer program for reading Usenet newsgroups News presenter , a person that presents a news show on television, radio or the Internet News aggregator , a computer program for syndicated Web content supplied in the form of a web feed disambig id Pembaca berita nl Newsreader ... more details
Summary Screenshot of the pan newsreader showing the newsgroups from the gmane newsserver, with the group pop up menu, rules editor and newsgroup properties. Licensing GFDL self with disclaimers migration relicense Category Free screenshots Category Screenshots of Linux software ... more details
message is indicated in the code Newsgroups code line. Most commonly, just one newsgroup is specified. For example code Newsgroups sci.space code However it is possible to specify that the message is intended for more than one newsgroup. code Newsgroups sci.space,comp.simulation code In this case, the message will be visible both in the code sci.space code and code comp.simulation code newsgroups ..., than if individual messages had been posted to multiple newsgroups. Usenet reader software can intelligently ... can occur between readers of the multiple newsgroups without any confusion, so long as nobody breaks the thread by changing the groups they post their reply to. This enables readers of one of the newsgroups ... to his post should be posted to another set of newsgroups than those listed by the code Newsgroups ... newsgroups whose readers are likely to have violently differing opinions, in the hope of provoking a conflict. This is a form of Troll Internet trolling . Crossposting to more than a small number of newsgroups is likely to be counterproductive. A commonly suggested limit is three newsgroups. Some NNTP servers drop posts which are crossposted to more than a set number of newsgroups, especially if no code ... more details
lowercase sci. hierarchy The sci. hierarchy is a major class of newsgroup s in Usenet , containing all newsgroups whose name begins with sci. , organized hierarchically. sci. groups discuss various scientific and research issues. List of sci. groups cellspacing 1 cellpadding 1 border 0 width 100 bgcolor CCCCCC Newsgroup Topic sci.astro astronomy sci.chem chemistry sci.crypt cryptography sci.fractals fractal s and chaos theory sci.geo.earthquakes earthquake s, volcano es, tsunami s, and other geology geological and seismology seismic events sci.geo.geology geology sci.geo.meteorology meteorology and weather phenomena sci.lang language s and linguistics sci.logic logic and mathematical logic sci.math mathematics from arithmetic to high level calculus sci.optics optics and light sciences sci.optics.fiber fiber optics sci.physics physics sci.physics.electromag electromagnetic phenomena sci.physics.relativity Theory of relativity sci.space.policy General spaceflight and space policy Expand list date August 2008 See also List of newsgroups http groups.google.com Google Groups contains a complete browsable list of groups at nowiki http groups.google.com groups?group sci. nowiki Category Newsgroup hierarchies Category Internet related lists Newsgroups Category 1987 establishments ... more details
Rationale Non free fair use rationale Description Logo of Netscape between 2000 and 2003 and Netscape 7 Article Netscape version 7 Source From the about information page within the Netscape 7 browser Portion Netscape logo Purpose To provide a visual representation of the Netscape 7 logo Resolution Yes Replaceability No other information Non free fair use rationale Description Logo of Netscape between 2000 and 2003 and Netscape 7 Article Netscape Mail & Newsgroups Source From the about information page within the Netscape Mail & Newsgroups Portion Netscape logo Purpose To provide a visual representation of the Netscape 7 logo Resolution Yes Replaceability No other information Non free fair use rationale Description Logo of Netscape between 2000 and 2003 and Netscape 7 Article Netscape Composer Source From the about information page within the Netscape Composer Portion Netscape logo Purpose To provide a visual representation of the Netscape 7 logo Resolution Yes Replaceability No other information Non free logo Netscape Composer Netscape Mail & Newsgroups ... more details
be confusing to some, because it is usually a discussion group . Newsgroups are technically distinct ... Newsreader software is used to read newsgroups. Despite the advent of file sharing technologies ... to Usenet see main article , newsgroups continue to be widely used. Types of newsgroups Typically ..., or glockenspiel MIDI files . Some newsgroups allow the posting of messages on a wide variety of themes ... newsgroups around longer than articles in other newsgroups. Newsgroups generally come in either ... amount of network traffic and resource usage. Newsgroups are much like the public message ... version of the corkboard in the entrance of your local grocery store. Newsgroups frequently ... 100,000 Usenet newsgroups, but only 20,000 or so of those are active. Citation needed date June 2010 Newsgroups vary in popularity, with some newsgroups only getting a few posts a month while others ... some of the uses of newsgroups especially because, for a while, they were less prone to spam electronic ... other Usenet archives to attempt to create a complete archive of Usenet newsgroups and postings ... also allows newsgroup posting. Non Usenet newsgroups are possible and do occur, as private individuals or organizations set up their own NNTP servers. Examples include the newsgroups Microsoft runs ... newsgroups work Newsgroup servers are hosted by various organizations and institutions. Most Internet ... those servers to servers that they are connected to, and so on. For newsgroups that are not widely ..., outside of the Big 8 and alt. hierarchies, are failure prone. Hierarchies Main Big 8 Usenet Newsgroups ... character . There were seven original major hierarchies of usenet newsgroups, known as the Big ... all created in the Great Renaming of 1986&ndash 1987, before which all of these newsgroups were in the net. hierarchy. At that time there was a great controversy over what newsgroups should be allowed ... this hierarchy, usually for specific countries or cultures such as free.it. for Italy . Binary newsgroups ... more details
so. In practice, however, most newsgroups follow an informal procedure involving a public discussion ... of practice most news administrators do not remove newsgroups. Origin The birth of the alt. hierarchy ... hubs in the distribution chain of most of the newsgroup postings. Their effort to change the way newsgroups ... u ui alt.htm Alt Hierarchy History Brian Reid, Usenet Newsgroups, Backbone Administrators ... variety of things that did not fit elsewhere. In particular, there are many alt.fan newsgroups ... newsgroups covering sex ual topics in the Big Seven including the existing rec.arts.erotica , fearing ... are free to add any or all of the alt.sex. newsgroups without having to worry about conflicting with the Big Seven. Likewise, any and all of the alt.binaries. newsgroups can be accepted or rejected ... on their own. A number of newsgroups have taken advantage of the freedom of the alt. hierarchy to create a number of newsgroups that specialize on certain topics, as opposed to the broader generic ... discussion newsgroups rec.arts.movies.current films , rec.arts.movies.past films , and rec.arts.movies.reviews ... implies that the preferred character set encoding for these newsgroups is ASCII . Other language ... their own versions, prefixing the newsgroups names with their own name in a similar way. Messages posted ... of no return. See also List of newsgroups References reflist External links http nylon.net alt ... Internet related lists Newsgroups Category 1987 establishments es Jerarqu a alt. ... more details
Electronic messaging may refer to One to One communication Instant message on a computer network Personal message on a computer network Text message on a cellular phone network SMTP on a computer network email on a computer Network Voicemail using the PSTN Fax using the PSTN Pager using the PSTN One to Many communication Bulletin board system on a computer network Internet forum on a computer network Internet Newsgroups on the Usenet on a computer network disambig ... more details
14 characters of all newsgroups be unique. With this added flexibility and transparency ... a new newsgroup. Some suggest that members of the cabal had interests in bundling certain newsgroups ... name livinginternet.com These newsgroups were categorized into a series of hierarchy hierarchies , to make it easier for newsgroups to be created and distributed. The original hierarchies were comp. , misc ... Usenet Big Seven , were open and free for anyone to participate in except for the moderated newsgroups ... more details
The Neoca 2S is a 35mm rangefinder camera made in Japan in 1955 and 1956. It has a dual stroke advance lever and a central shutter neither feature is typical for this kind of camera. The lens is a Neokor anastigmat f 45mm 3.5. Shutter speeds are B and 1 sec to 1 300s. Depth of field is indicated on the lens barrel. The distance scale is in metres. It has no exposure meter. Users on internet newsgroups report the camera scratches their film. External links http www.mediajoy.com en cla came neoca2s index.html Mediajoy s Guide to Classic Cameras Category Rangefinder cameras From Camerapedia Neoca 2S 25 July 2008 ... more details
original research date October 2009 lower case title Image Top30giganews.png thumb 346px This is a list of the 30 biggest groups on Giganews on March 3rd, 2008, and is an example of the massive retention capabilities of a commercial usenet server. alt.binaries.boneless is a Usenet discussion forum primarily used to transfer Binary file binary data content, rather than being used for textual communications. It has the unusual distinction of currently being one of the largest and most active binary newsgroups on all of Usenet, typically receiving tens of gigabytes of new data and over a million new postings each day, yet almost nothing is known of its origins or why it is so popular. Typically, newsgroup names are functional in that the name is meant to serve as a guideline as to what type of content can be found in the newsgroup. However, boneless is completely irrelevant, and this appears to hold true as a description of the content, which can include fully Ripping ripped DVD s, entirely ripped CDs or individual music files, images and image sets, as well as software and documents of every content type imaginable. The group s content is likely to be accessed predominantly using NZB NZB files obtained from forums or Usenet indexing services, as downloading group headers would be a highly inefficient process due to the sheer volume of posts made to the group. On March 31, 2009, NewsBin sent out an alert to its users that the alt.binaries.boneless post count is the first to break the 32 bit threshold, having over 4,294,967,296 posts. Until then, all newsgroups post totals could be stored as a 32 bit number. This occurrence might cause compatibility issues with binary news readers that cannot address post counts stored as a 64 bit number. ref http www.newsbin.com motd motdarchive.htm ref References references See also alt. hierarchy Binaries Usenet Warez Category Newsgroups Category Virtual communities Internet stub ... more details
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME types and were popular in Minuet s days. NewsgroupsNewsgroups ... to download the whole newsgroups file, which even then included thousands of newsgroups. Instead, a Perl server was contacted to search for interesting newsgroups. This cut down the newsgroup searching ... more details
nofootnotes date September 2009 Usenet II was a proposed alternative to the classic Usenet hierarchy, started in 1998 . Unlike the original Usenet, it was peered only between sound sites and employs a system of rules to keep out spam. The network still exists, but has carried almost no posts apart from FAQs for many years. The newsgroup hierarchy revived the old naming system used by Usenet before the Great Renaming . All groups had names starting net. , which serve to distinguish them from the Big 8 misc., sci., news., rec., soc., talk., comp., humanities. . A separate checkgroup system, using the same technical mechanism as the one produced by David C. Lawrence for the Big 8, enforced the Usenet II hierarchy and prevents the creation of unauthorized newsgroups within it. The basic principles of operation were controlled by a Steering Committee , which appointed hierarchy czars who were responsible for the content of specific portions of the namespace, or hierarchies. Usenet II had strictly enforced rules. Readers of messages in Usenet II must be fully compliant with the RFC 1036 Usenet standard plus some additional format compliance rules specific to Usenet II. A message header must contain a valid email address in the From field. It must have an Network News Transfer Protocol NNTP Posting Host header field containing a sound site. The distribution field must be set to 4gh a reference to Shockwave Rider by John Brunner novelist John Brunner . If the Subject field starts Re , indicating a follow up, there must be a valid References field containing the Message ID of a previous message. Crossposts to groups outside the net. hierarchy are cancelled automatically. No message may spawn a discussion in more than three newsgroups. This applies both to the newsgroups field and the followups to field. It is permissible to post the same message three times. Posting the same message every day or every week is not permitted. There are a number of Usenet II hosts still operati ... more details
. Moderated See also List of newsgroups http groups.google.com groups dir?lnk srgmt&q comp. Google Groups ... Category Newsgroup hierarchies Category Internet related lists Newsgroups Category 1987 establishments ... more details
the Newsgroups and Distribution of each newly arrived article against a set of patterns called newsfeeds , listing each remote server and the newsgroups its operator wishes to receive. Some senders ... servers also maintain a list of active newsgroups. If the Newsgroups header of a new article does ... with Control lines are given special handling. They are typically filed in special control newsgroups ... commands can cause newsgroups to be created or removed checkgroups can be used to reconcile the local ..., this type of server must perform the additional steps of filing articles into newsgroups and assigning ... more details
wiktionarypar correspondence Correspondence may refer to In general usage, non concurrent, remote communication between people, including letter message letter s, email , newsgroups , Internet forums , blogs . Correspondence theory of truth philosophy , a theory in epistemology. Correspondence principle physics , that theories must agree with experimental evidence. Correspondence theology , the relationship between spiritual and physical realities. Correspondence mathematics , several related meanings. Correspondence problem computer vision , finding depth information in stereography . Regular sound correspondence linguistics , see Comparative method . Correspondence rules quantum mechanics . Correspondence chess played between different geographical locations. Correspondence course, a distant education method. Correspondence Peter Godwin album , a 1983 studio album by singer and musician Peter Godwin. disambig de Korrespondenz Begriffskl rung eo Korespondo io Korespondo it Corrispondenza sk Kore pondencia sv Korrespondens ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Completion rates measure the useful transmission of complete binary file s across newsgroup s. Newsgroups function by a large computer network network of Server computing server s which regularly synchronize posts with each other. Each time a post is transferred between news server s there is a chance that it will be dropped. There are many possible causes for a dropped post, such as high network traffic and dropped packet s. If even a single post is dropped from a large file then the entire file will become useless. To combat this, parchive par file s were created. Many Internet Service Providers ISP News Servers do not have a link into the Internet backbone of the internal news network. They often suffer from resulting low completion rates. DEFAULTSORT Completion Rate Category Usenet Compu network stub ... more details
File Spanning is a term used to describe the ability to package a single file or data stream into separate files of a specified size. It also implies the ability to re combine the package files back into the original file or data stream. This is useful when saving large files onto smaller volumes or breaking large files up into smaller files for network messages of limited size email, newsgroups . It also allows the creation of parity file s such as parity archive PAR to verify and restore missing or corrupted package files. Sometimes the file spanning process is hidden as a secondary operation such as with file archivers . In this case, many smaller files are first packaged into a data stream and then repackaged into a multi file archive. File Spanning Software Hundreds or thousands of file spanning utilities are available for nearly every OS and platform. Below are a few examples PKZip WinZip RAR WinRAR PAR Parchive Category Storage software ... more details
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