Metabolic myopathies are Myopathy Myopathies that result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle. They include 1 Glycogen storage diseases 2 Lipid storage disorder 3 Phosphocreatine stores disorder External links http www.emedicine.com neuro TOPIC672.HTM Metabolic Myopathies eMedicine PNS diseases of the nervous system Soft tissue disorders Category Muscular disorders Category Metabolic disorders disease stub ... more details
. G73.6 MetabolicmyopathyMetabolic myopathies result from defects in biochemical metabolism ...Infobox Disease Name Myopathy Image Caption DiseasesDB 8723 ICD10 ICD10 G 71 g 70 ICD10 G 72 g 70 , ICD10 M 60 m 60 ICD10 M 63 m 60 ICD9 ICD9 359.4 ICD9 359.9 , ICD9 728 ICD9 728 ICDO MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 328 MeshID D009135 In medicine , a myopathy is a muscular disease ref name urlMyopathy Definition from the Merriam Webster Online Dictionary cite web url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary Myopathy title Myopathy Definition from the Merriam Webster Online Dictionary ..., resulting in muscular weakness . Myopathy simply means muscle disease myo Greek language Greek ... e.g., the brain etc. . Muscle cramp s, stiffness , and spasm can also be associated with myopathy ... and musculoskeletal. Classes There are many types of myopathy. ICD ICD 10 codes are provided here ... related to respiratory weakness. G71.1 Myotonia Neuromyotonia G71.2 The congenital myopathy congenital ... myopathy characterized by presence of nemaline rods in the muscle , G71.2 multi minicore myopathy ... myopathy including myotubular myopathy centronuclear myopathy or Centronuclear myopathy including myotubular myopathy myotubular myopathy in which the cell nucleus nuclei are abnormally found ... periodic paralysis G72.4 inflammatory myopathy Inflammatory myopathies are caused by problems ... induced myopathy Glucocorticoids whether as endogenous as seen in Cushing s syndrome or exogenously ..., triamcinolone or dexamethsone cause proximal myopathy. Fluorinated glucocorticois triamcinolone and prednisone are more likely to induce myopathy. glucocorticoids affect fast twitch muscle ... gene do not develop glucocorticoid myopathy 2 . Manifestation of glucocorticoid myopathy are muscle ... for myopathy. Treatments range from treatment of the symptoms to very specific cause targeting treatments ... Systemic connective tissue disorders Myopathy Category Disorders of muscles ca Miopatia de ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Congenital myopathy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 G 71 2 g 70 ICD9 ICD9 359.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 1175852 MeshID D020914 Congenital myopathy is a term for any muscle disorder present at birth. ref The first version of this article incorporates material from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke document Congenital Myopathy Information Page at http www.ninds.nih.gov disorders myopathy congenital myopathy congenital.htm As a work of an agency of the U.S. Government without any other copyright notice it should be available as a public domain resource . ref By this definition the congenital myopathies could include hundreds of distinct neuromuscular syndromes and disorders. Congenital myopathies do not show evidence for either a progressive dystrophy dystrophic process i.e., muscle death or inflammation , but instead characteristic microscopic changes are seen in association with reduced contractile ability of the muscles. In general, congenital myopathies cause loss of muscle tone and muscle weakness in infancy and delayed motor milestones, such as walking, later in childhood. Types The conditions included under the term congenital myopathy can vary. One source includes nemaline myopathy , myotubular myopathy , central core myopathy , congenital fiber type disproportion , and multicore myopathy . ref http www.merck.com mmpe sec19 ch295 ch295c.html ref The term can also be used more broadly, to describe conditions present from birth. External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov bookshelf br.fcgi?book gene&part cftd GeneReviews NCBI NIH UW entry on Congenital Fiber Type Disproportion References reflist Diseases of myoneural junction and muscle DEFAULTSORT Congenital Myopathy Category Genetic disorders by system Category Myoneural junction and neuromuscular diseases Genetic disorder stub ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Bethlem myopathy Image Caption DiseasesDB 32019 ICD10 G71.2 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 158810 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Bethlem myopathy is an autosomal Dominance relationship Dominant allele dominant ref name bm cite journal author Jobsis GJ, Boers JM, Barth PG, de Visser M title Bethlem myopathy a slowly progressive congenital muscular dystrophy with contractures journal Brain volume 122 issue 4 pages 649 655 year 1999 pmid 10219778 doi 10.1093 brain 122.4.649 ref myopathy , classified as a congenital form of muscular dystrophy , ref name bm that is caused by a variation in one of the three genes coding for type VI collagen . ref name bm These include COL6A1 , COL6A2 , and COL6A3 . ref name pmid16141002 cite journal author Lampe AK, Bushby KM title Collagen VI related muscle disorders journal J. Med. Genet. volume 42 issue 9 pages 673 85 year 2005 month September pmid 16141002 pmc 1736127 doi 10.1136 jmg.2002.002311 url http jmg.bmj.com cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 16141002 ref Presentation The onset of this disease begins in childhood, but its progression is extremely slow, with symptoms of weakness and walking difficulties usually not presenting until past age 50. Early symptoms include Gower s sign climbing up the thighs with the hands when rising from the floor and tiptoe walking caused by the beginning of contracture s. Bethlem myopathy is an extremely rare disorder, with fewer than 100 families worldwide known to have it. It is sometimes known as Leonard syndrome after one of the presenting families. Contractures of the fingers are a typical symptom of Bethlem myopathy but not of the related Ullrich s myopathy which does include contractures of arms and legs, as does Bethlem myopathy . Blood serum Serum creatine kinase is elevated in Bethlem myopathy, as there is ongoing muscle cell death. Patients with Bethlem myopathy may expect ... grows to adulthood. ref name bm Image autodominant.jpg thumb right Bethlem myopathy has an autosomal ... more details
Nemaline myopathy Nemaline myopathy also called rod myopathy or nemaline rod myopathy is a congenital ... severity. Myopathy means muscle disease, and a biopsy of muscle from a person with nemaline myopathy shows abnormal thread like ref DorlandsDict nine 000954933 nemaline myopathy ref rods, called nemaline bodies, in the muscle cells. People with nemaline myopathy or NM usually experience delayed ... to survive and lead active lives. Nemaline myopathy is one of forty neuromuscular diseases covered by the Muscular Dystrophy Association . Genetic qualities Nemaline myopathy is a clinically and genetically ... myopathy The physical capabilities of a given person with NM do not correlate well either with genotype ... with muscle pathology in nemaline myopathy Ryan et al. 60 4 665 Neurology cite web url http www.neurology.org ... in nemaline myopathy Ryan et al. 60 4 665 Neurology format work accessdate 2009 02 18 ref Image ... of an individual with nemaline myopathy. While these rods are diagnostic of nemaline myopathy, they are most ... Rod myopathy was first identified by Dr. Douglas Reye, an Australian physician, in 1958. However, Reye ... tissue as an artifact of the biopsy. Forty years later, Reye s rod myopathy patient was confirmed to have nemaline myopathy. Another group of Australian researchers has since published an article recognizing ... An artefact gone awry identification of the first case of nemaline myopathy by Dr R.D.K. Reye journal ... myopathy was first named in a published paper in 1963 by North American researchers Cohen and Shy ..., and Australia. Physical characteristics and effects Physical expression of nemaline myopathy varies ... feature of nemaline myopathy. Most individuals with severe NM are unable to swallow and receive ... non medical webpage on nemaline myopathy was launched, and in October 2004, the first Nemaline Myopathy ... NM. References reflist External links http www.davidmcd.btinternet.co.uk Nemaline Myopathy Support Group http www.nemalinefoundation.org Nemaline Myopathy Foundation http www.mdausa.org disease nm.html ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Centronuclear myopathy Image Centronuclear myotubular myopathy.JPEG Caption Muscle ... myopathy due to a mutation in the myotubularin MTM1 gene and extremely skewed X inactivation H&E ..., the X linked myotubular myopathy form typically presents at birth, and is thus considered a congenital myopathy. However, some centronuclear myopathies may present later in life. Terminology Although all forms of centronuclear myopathy are considered rare, the most commonly known form of CNM is Myotubular Myopathy MTM . The terms centronuclear myopathy and myotubular myopathy are sometimes equated. ref DorlandsDict five 000069759 centronuclear myopathy ref Literally, a myopathy is a disease ... In 1966, Dr. Spiro a New York City neurologist published a medical report of a boy with myopathy ... Spiro A, Shy G, Gonatas N title Myotubular myopathy. Persistence of fetal muscle in an adolescent boy .... Thus, he coined the term myotubular myopathy . Spiro speculated that the embryonic muscle development he had seen in the boy was due to growth arrest during the myotubular phase, causing the myopathy ... be acceptable for infant onset myotubular myopathy mutations at the MTM1 gene on the X chromosome , but may not be acceptable for the autosomal forms of centronuclear myopathy. ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez dispomim.cgi?id 160150 Myotubular Myopathy, Autosomal Dominant Online Mendelian Inheritance ... 271 6 year 2006 pmid 16893562 doi 10.1016 j.acthis.2006.05.004 ref Regardless of whether the myopathy is caused by arrest at the myotubular stage, for historical reasons the name myotubular myopathy ... myopathy MTM , when a Genetics genetic abnormality on the X chromosome was determined to be involved ..., is called myotubularin . Incidence The overall incidence of myotubular myopathy is 1 in 50,000 ... Myopathy The University of Chicago Genetic Services. ref The incidence of other centronuclear ... s muscular dystrophy . Approximately 80 of males with a diagnosis of myotubular myopathy by muscle ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Inflammatory myopathy Image Dermatomyositis intermed mag.jpg Caption Micrograph of dermatomyositis , a type of inflammatory myopathy. Muscle biopsy . H&E stain . DiseasesDB 29473 ICD10 ICD10 G 72 4 g 70 , M33 ICD9 ICD9 359.6 , ICD9 710.3 ICD9 710.4 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D009220 Inflammatory myopathy is a form of myopathy that involves inflammation of the muscle. It encompasses three related diseases polymyositis , dermatomyositis , and inclusion body myositis . ref name BarnesHilton Jones2003 cite book author1 Phillip R. J. Barnes author2 David Hilton Jones title Myopathies in Clinical Practice url http books.google.com ?id 4Qs2e4rPM4kC&pg PA85 accessdate 26 June 2010 year 2003 publisher Informa Health Care isbn 9781899066711 pages 85 ref Diagnosis It can be associated with increased Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESR and creatine kinase . It can be associated with the anti nuclear antibody Jo 1. ref name pmid9067664 cite journal author Kalenian M, Zweiman B title Inflammatory myopathy, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, and anti Jo 1 antibodies an interesting association journal Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology volume 4 issue 2 pages 236 40 year 1997 month March pmid 9067664 pmc 170510 doi url http cvi.asm.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9067664 ref Treatment Treatment may involve steroid s or other antiinflammatories. See also Myositis References reflist Diseases of myoneural junction and muscle Systemic connective tissue disorders Category Myoneural junction and neuromuscular diseases Category Inflammations Category Systemic connective tissue disorders disease stub ja ... more details
Infobox disease Name Brody myopathy Image Alt Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 601003 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID GeneReviewsID GeneReviewsName Brody myopathy is a genetic disease. It can be associated with ATP2A1 . ref name pmid8841193 cite journal author Odermatt A, Taschner PE, Khanna VK, et al. title Mutations in the gene encoding SERCA1, the fast twitch skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2 ATPase, are associated with Brody disease journal Nat. Genet. volume 14 issue 2 pages 191 4 year 1996 month October pmid 8841193 doi 10.1038 ng1096 191 ref It was characterized in 1969. ref name pmid4239835 cite journal author Brody IA title Muscle contracture induced by exercise. A syndrome attributable to decreased relaxing factor journal N. Engl. J. Med. volume 281 issue 4 pages 187 92 year 1969 month July pmid 4239835 doi 10.1056 NEJM196907242810403 url http www.nejm.org doi abs 10.1056 NEJM196907242810403?url ver Z39.88 2003&rfr id ori rid crossref.org&rfr dat cr pub 3dpubmed ref References reflist Ion pump disorders medicine stub Category Genetic disorders ... more details
unencyclopedic Refimprove date February 2008 Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Animal mitochondrion diagram en edit .svg Caption Simplified structure of a typical mitochondrion DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 G 71 3 g 70 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D017240 Mitochondrial myopathies are a type of myopathy associated with mitochondrial disease . On biopsy, the muscle tissue of patients with this disease category usually demonstrate ragged red muscle fibers. These ragged red fibers contain mild accumulations of glycogen and neutral lipids, and may show an increased reactivity for succinate dehydrogenase and a decreased activity for cytochrome c oxidase. Inheritance is maternal Non Mendelian inheritance Extranuclear inheritance non Mendelian extranuclear . There are several subcategories of mitochondrial myopathies. Treatment Although no cure currently exists, there is some hope for a treatment for this whole class of hereditary disease s with the use of an embryotic mitochondrial transplant. ref Name BBC 5 February 2008 cite web title Three parent embryo formed in lab work Scientists believe they have made a potential breakthrough in the treatment of serious disease by creating a human embryo with three separate parents. publisher BBC News date 5 February 2008 , 11 13 GMT url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi health 7227861.stm format web doi accessdate 2008 02 08 ref Symptoms Symptoms of Mitochondrial myopathy include Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke like syndrome MELAS varying degrees of cognitive impairment and dementia lactic acidosis stroke s transient ischemic attack s hearing loss dysmotility weight loss Myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers MERRF progressive myoclonic epilepsy clumps of diseased mitochondria accumulate in the subsarcolemmal region of the muscle fiber and appear as ragged red fibers when muscle is stained with modified G m ri trichrome stain short stature Kearns Sayre syndrome KSS external ophthal ... more details
unreferenced date March 2011 Metabolic Age refers to a number calculated by comparing your Basal Metabolic Rate to the Basal Metabolic Rate average of your chronological age group. Chronological age is your age in calendar years. Basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy consumed per unit of time when all environmental factors are considered neutral, the digestive system is in a post absorptive state meaning that the digestive system is inactive, which requires about twelve hours of fasting in humans , and the energy expenditure is only sufficient to support normal functioning of the vital organs, the heart, lungs, nervous system, kidneys, liver, intestine, sex organs, muscles, and skin. Formulas for calculating basal metabolic rate take into account age, weight, height, activity level, body fat mass, and lean body mass. All the components in the body require various levels of energy to be maintained. Body fat requires much less energy than lean muscle, as lean muscle is much more metabolically active. Muscle is much more metabolically active, and therefore requires more energy expenditure to remain in homeostasis. If comparing two individuals, with all variables being equal, the person with more lean muscle mass will have a higher basal metabolic rate, and therefore, a lower metabolic age in comparison to those with the identical chronological age. An individual s metabolic age will vary depending depending how their calculated basal metabolic rate compares to others of the same chronological age. Metabolic age is a new term used in the health and fitness industry to describe overall fitness and metabolic activity. Examining metabolic age will give insights to the overall level of health and wellness in comparison to those of the same age. Improving personal fitness is a main concern of most health conscious individuals. BMR and the metabolic age number are excellent ways to track your progress. uncategorized date March 2011 ... more details
Metabolic panel may refer to Blood test Basic metabolic panel Comprehensive metabolic panel disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Metabolic typing is the term for a diet nutrition diet based upon the concept metabolic type . Proponents claim that each person has a unique metabolism , and that therefore the nutrients which are appropriate for one person may be inappropriate for a second, and detrimental for a third. Metabolic typing claims to use common visible symptoms related to the skin, eyes, and other superficial parts of the body to assess different aspects of a person s metabolism and categorize them into broad metabolic types. In addition, some proponents of metabolic typing use tests such as hair analysis alternative medicine hair analysis to determine a person s metabolic type . ref name wolcott1 The Metabolic Typing Diet, Wolcott and Fahey, p.118 119 ref A number of somewhat different metabolic typing diet plans are currently marketed. The validity and effectiveness of metabolic typing have not been established ... , a metabolic typing firm, described by Quackwatch . Accessed April 27, 2007. ref Background Metabolic ... therapy. He continued to promote a metabolic typing diet through the 1980s. ref name qw1 cite web ... Kelley Gonzalez Metabolic Therapy accessdate April 27, 2007 publisher Quackwatch ref The practice has been further developed by others including Harold Kristol and William Wolcott. Metabolic therapy ... ref Effectiveness Although metabolic typing diets have been promoted to patients with cancer , along ... medicine, metabolic typing has come under fire by certain people in the traditional medical field. The Memorial ..., Kelley, and Contreras metabolic therapies show no evidence of efficacy. ref name mskcc http www.mskcc.org mskcc html 69299.cfm Metabolic Therapies Information sheet from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center . Accessed April 27, 2007. ref Some metabolic typing companies use a battery of blood test ... received 2 drastically different metabolic typing reports and dietary plans. Both plans involved the purchase ... Category Diets de Metabolic Typing ... more details
A metabolic network is the complete set of metabolic and physical processes that determine the physiology physiological and biochemistry biochemical properties of a cell. As such, these networks comprise the chemical reactions of metabolism as well as the regulatory interactions that guide these reactions. With the sequencing of complete genomes, it is now possible to reconstruct the network of biochemical reactions in many organisms, from bacteria to human. Several of these networks are available online Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KEGG http www.genome.ad.jp , EcoCyc http www.ecocyc.org , BioCyc http biocyc.org and metaTIGER http www.bioinformatics.leeds.ac.uk metatiger . Metabolic networks are powerful tools, for studying and modelling metabolism. See also Metabolic network modelling Metabolic pathway metabolism Category Metabolism biology stub ca Xarxa metab lica fa nl Metabolisch netwerk zh ... more details
Metabolic intermediates refers to molecules which are the precursors or metabolites of biologically significant molecules. Although these intermediates are of relatively minor direct importance to cellular function, they can play important roles in the allosteric regulation of enzyme s. Clinical significance Some can be useful in measuring rates of metabolic processes for example, 3,4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid or 3 aminoisobutyrate . Because they can represent unnatural points of entry into natural metabolic pathways, some such as AICA ribonucleotide are of interest to researchers in developing new therapies. See also metabolism Fructose and galactose metabolic intermediates Glycogenesis and glycogenolysis metabolic intermediates Pentose phosphate pathway intermediates Cholesterol metabolism intermediates Amino acid metabolism intermediates Nucleotide metabolism intermediates Neurotransmitter metabolism intermediates Heme metabolism intermediates Thyroid hormone intermediates Category Metabolism chem stub ja sv Intermedi r metabolism ... more details
nofootnotes date March 2011 In biochemistry , metabolic pathways are series of chemistry chemical reactions occurring within a cell biology cell . In each pathway, a principal chemical is modified by a series of chemical reaction s. Enzyme s catalyze these reactions, and often require dietary minerals ... chemicals a.k.a. metabolites that may be involved, metabolic pathways can be quite elaborate. In addition ... the metabolic network . Pathways are important to the maintenance of homeostasis within an organism ... as the final end products. A Metabolism metabolic pathway involves the step by step modification ... ways To be used immediately, as the end product of a metabolic pathway To initiate another metabolic ... biochemistry substrate enters a metabolic pathway depending on the needs of the cell and the availability ... intermediates and or end products may influence the metabolic rate for that particular pathway. Overview Each metabolic pathway consists of a series of biochemical reactions that are connected by their intermediates the products of one reaction are the substrates for subsequent reactions, and so on. Metabolic ... was the first metabolic pathway discovered As glucose enters a cell, it is immediately phosphorylated ... . Metabolic pathways are often Control theory regulated by feedback inhibition . Some metabolic pathways .... Major metabolic pathways center metabolic pathways center Clear Cellular respiration Main Cellular respiration Several distinct but linked metabolic pathways are used by cells to transfer the energy ... bacteria See also Portal Metabolism Metabolism Metabolic network Metabolic network modeling Metabolic engineering External links http www.biocyc.org BioCyc Metabolic network models for hundreds of organisms ... of non redundant, experimentally elucidated metabolic pathways 900 pathways from more than 800 different ... Metabolic Pathways http www.metabolicvisualizer.org A novel visualization for a Metabolic ... Metabolic Pathway Category Metabolism ar bg ca Ruta metab lica da ... more details
, administered in excess can lead to an alkalosis. Compensation Compensation for metabolic alkalosis .... Renal compensation for metabolic alkalosis, less effective than respiratory compensation, consists ... sub sup sup exceeds the ability of the renal tubule to reabsorb it. See also hypokalemia Metabolic acidosis ... metabolic pathology Category Acid base disturbances disease stub de Metabolische Alkalose es Alcalosis ... more details
genes in M. methylotrophus and inserting genes from E. coli . This example of metabolic engineering ... mass of glutamate. References Stephanopoulos, G. N., Aristidou, A. A., Nielsen, J. 1998 . Metabolic ..., A. A. 2005 . Metabolic Engineering in the omics Era Elucidating and Modulating Regulatory Networks ... more details
Metabolic water refers to water created inside a living organism through their metabolism , by oxidizing energy containing substances in their food. Metabolism of fat produces about 107.1 grams of water per 100 grams, protein 41.3 grams, and starch 55.1 g. ref http www.encyclopedia.com doc 1O39 metabolicwater.html ref Some organisms, especially xerocole xerocoles , animals living in the desert , rely exclusively on metabolic water. Migratory birds must rely exclusively on metabolic water production while making non stop flights. ref http dissertations.ub.rug.nl faculties science 2005 s.b.engel ref ref cite journal author Klaassen M title Metabolic constraints on long distance migration in birds journal J Exp Biol volume 199 issue Pt 1 pages 57 64 year 1996 pmid 9317335 doi url http jeb.biologists.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9317335 ref Humans, by contrast, obtain only about 8 10 of their water needs through metabolic water production. ref name nutrientReq Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources BANR , Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates Second Revised Edition 2003 , p. 144. http books.nap.edu openbook.php?record id 9826&page 154 ref In mammals , the water produced from metabolism of protein roughly equals the amount needed to excrete the urea which is a byproduct of the metabolism of protein. ref name nutrientReq Birds, however, excrete uric acid and can have a net gain of water from the metabolism of protein. References reflist Category Metabolism Category Water ... more details
Metabolic Advantage is a term used in nutrition to describe the ability of a dieting diet to achieve greater weight loss or less weight gain ref http www.proteinpower.com drmike metabolism overfeeding and metabolic advantage Overfeeding and the Metabolic Advantage. Protein Power. ref than another diet of equivalent calories. ref cite journal author Eugene J Fine and Richard D Feinman title Thermodynamics of weight loss diets journal Nutrition & Metabolism volume 1 issue 1 pages 15 year 2004 month December pmid 15588283 doi 10.1186 1743 7075 1 15 url http www.nutritionandmetabolism.com content 1 1 15 pmc 543577 ref It is a claimed effect of low carbohydrate diet s and was popularised by the Atkins diet , but although several mechanisms exist to make it biologically plausible , it has yet to be definitively demonstrated as a significant factor in weight control. Some studies ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 16358395 ref that have specifically measured the changes in basal metabolic rate under isocaloric very high fat and very high carbohydrate diets have failed to find any statistically significant differences. Cause The human body obtains the majority of its energy through the citric acid cycle , which can use any of the macronutrients to generate adenosine triphosphate ATP used to transport chemical energy within cells. The chemical processes involved use energy themselves, so variations in the efficiency of these processes will have the same effect as variations in caloric intake. Gluconeogenesis The human body requires glucose for the brain and nervous system, and a diet that has very few or no dietary carbohydrates forces it to generate this glucose from protein through gluconeogenesis , with an efficiency of approximately 57 protein and carbohydrate are approximately equal in calorific value each has about four kilocalories per gram, but gluconeogenesis can produce only 57g of glucose from 100g of protein . This could be a significant contributor to metabolic ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The metabolic window is a term used in strength training to describe the 45 minute period after exercise during which nutrition can shift the body from a Catabolism catabolic state to an Anabolism anabolic one. Specifically, it is during this period that the intake of protein and carbohydrates can aid in the increase of muscle mass . ref name Ivy49 Ivy, John & Portman, Robert. http books.google.ca books?id 04GJNEwE6zMC&pg PA48&lpg PA48&dq 22metabolic window 22&source web&ots njZIq94s1m&sig 3z831UWMuBUHjbZZL8vrVei2lOs&hl en&sa X&oi book result&resnum 1&ct result PPA49,M1 Nutrient Timing The Future of Sports Nutrition . Basic Health Publications, Inc., 2004. ref Some theorists believe the metabolic window begins to close within minutes of the end of a workout. The same nutrients taken two hours later result in significantly reduced protein synthesis and muscle glycogen storage. ref name Ivy49 Further research is needed into the effects of food and exercise timing, but methodology has to be considered in these experiments. ref http www.informaworld.com smpp content content a791675702 db all Protein for adaptations to exercise training ref TOC See also Anaerobic exercise Bodybuilding Powerlifting Resistance training Weight training Weightlifting Notes reflist DEFAULTSORT Metabolic Window Category Exercise Category Exercise physiology ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Context date October 2009 The metabolic rift is a term developed by John Bellamy Foster to signify the socio ecological contradictions of the town country division of labor in the capitalist era. Although Karl Marx never used the term metabolic rift, he did write of an irreparable rift in the interdependent process of social metabolism created by the rise of capitalism. ref Marx, Karl. 1981. Capital , Vol. III. New York Penguin, p. 949. ref Marx s understanding of social metabolism allowed him to develop a systematic critique of capitalist exploitation in the sense of robbery, i.e., failing to maintain the means of reproduction of the soil. Fertility, Marx argued, is not a natural quality as previously thought, but rather bound up with the social relations of the time, characterized by the rise of what he calls large scale industry, which required factories, workers, dense urban centers, and large amounts of food. The main metabolic rift Marx saw was in the nutrient cycle, in that nutrients that were previously being recycled into the soil were not longer able to be recycled, because the products were being transported away to somewhere else. Before the Industrial Revolution, in small scale farms, farmers would use cow manure or local seaweed to fertilize the soil with the Industrial Revolution, the nutrients and their products were being transported in from larger distances, creating the potential for a greater rift. Therefore, Marx argues that capitalist ... Crises and the Metabolic Rift in World Historical Perspective, Organization & Environment , 13 ... 20Theory 20PDFs Foster Metabolic.pdf ref The central contribution of the metabolic rift perspective .... The distinctive explanatory power of the metabolic rift rests on three decisive historical geographical ... and use value in historical capitalism ref Moore, Jason W. 2011. Transcending the Metabolic Rift A Theory ... Essays.html. ref . Marxist & Communist phraseology Reflist DEFAULTSORT Metabolic Rift ... more details
DiseasesDB 31955 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D024821 Metabolic syndrome is a combination ... Metabolic Syndrome Bot generated title ref It affects one in five people, and prevalence increases ... of metabolic syndrome among US adults findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey url journal JAMA volume 287 issue 3 pages 356 359 pmid 11790215 ref Metabolic syndrome is also known as metabolic syndrome X , cardiometabolic syndrome , syndrome X , insulin resistance syndrome ..., and Stroke. ref A similar condition in overweight horses is referred to as equine metabolic syndrome ... major definitions for metabolic syndrome provided by the International Diabetes Federation ref name idf.org The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. http www.idf.org webdata .... The revised NCEP and IDF definitions of metabolic syndrome are very similar and it can be expected that they will identify many of the same individuals as having metabolic syndrome. The two differences ... any subject without increased waist circumference if BMI 30, whereas, in the NCEP definition, metabolic ... definition of the metabolic syndrome 2006 Central obesity defined as waist circumference sup sup with ethnicity ... HB, Cleeman JI, Smith SC, Lenfant D, for the Conference Participants. Definition of metabolic ... to predict coronary vascular diseases in metabolic syndrome, and it was recently used predictor for non ... 10.1007 s00535 009 0002 5 url ref History The term metabolic syndrome dates back to at least the late ... grado. Acta Diabetol Lat 1967 4 572 590. No PMID ref In 1977, Haller used the term metabolic syndrome ... metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance syndrome, and syndrome X are now used specifically to define ... mechanisms of the complex pathways of metabolic syndrome are not yet completely known. The pathophysiology ... of the metabolic syndrome year 2006 journal Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med pages 482 9 volume 3 issue ... ref Cite journal title Genetic versus environmental aetiology of the metabolic syndrome among male and female ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Metabolic acidosis Image Davenport Fig 12.jpg Caption Davenport diagram DiseasesDB 92 ICD10 ICD10 E 87 2 e 70 ICD9 ICD9 276.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000335 eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 312 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 med 1458 eMedicine2 ped 15 MeshID In medicine , metabolic acidosis is a condition that occurs when the body produces too much acid or when the kidney s are not removing enough acid from the body. If unchecked, metabolic acidosis leads to acidemia , i.e., blood pH is low less than 7.35 due to increased production of hydrogen by the body or the inability of the body to form bicarbonate HCO sub 3 sub sup sup in the kidney. Its causes are diverse, and its consequences can be serious, including coma and death . Together with respiratory acidosis , it is one of the two ... term , muscle weakness and bone pain s. Those in metabolic acidosis may exhibit deep, rapid breathing .... Longstanding chronic metabolic acidosis leads to osteoporosis and can cause fracture s. Diagnosis ... levels are decreased 24 mmol l , metabolic acidemia is present, and metabolic acidosis is presumed ... of metabolic acidosis, a clinical tool called the anion gap is considered very useful. It is calculated ... 8 16 mmol l 12 4 . An elevated anion gap i.e. 16 mmol l can indicate particular types of metabolic ... sites entrez 17906597?dopt Abstract&holding f1000,f1000m,isrctn Causes Metabolic acidosis occurs .... There are several types of metabolic acidosis. The main causes are best grouped by their influence ... anion gap Main High anion gap metabolic acidosis Causes include lactic acidosis ketoacidosis chronic ... mechanisms Metabolic acidosis is either due to increased generation of acid or an inability to generate ... Buffer The decreased bicarbonate that distinguishes metabolic acidosis is therefore due to two ..., as dialysis may clear both the intoxication and the acidosis. See also Trauma triad of death Metabolic ... reflist Fluid, electrolyte, acid base metabolic pathology Category Acid base disturbances de Metabolische ... more details
Metabolic imprinting refers to the epigenetic programming of metabolism during the pre natal and neo natal periods. Studies in both humans and animals have shown that the events during gestation and early post natal stages may have long term consequences for health. Fetal under nutrition is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, type II diabetes and hypertension, amongst other diseases biology stub Category Epigenetics Category Metabolism ... more details
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