merge Manufacturing resource planning discuss Talk MaterialRequirementsPlanning Merger proposal date July 2009 Materialrequirementsplanning MRP is a production planning and inventory control system ... Orlicky studied the TOYOTA Manufacturing Program and developed MaterialRequirementsPlanning MRP , and Oliver Wight and George Plossl then developed MRP into manufacturing resource planning MRP ... MaterialRequirementsPlanning Category Information technology management Category Production ... resource planning MRP II which brings master scheduling, rough cut capacity planning, capacity planning capacity requirementsplanning and other concepts to classical MRP. By 1989, about one ... Capacity requirementsplanning CRP CONWIP Theory of Constraints Enterprise resource planning ERP ... Materials requirementsplanning MRP a numeric example http comsoft.org mrp software MRP Software ... de Material Requirement Planning es Planificaci n de los requerimientos de material fr Planification des besoins en composants it MaterialRequirementsPlanning nl Materialrequirementsplanning ja pl Planowanie zapotrzebowania materia owego pt Material Requirement Planning ru MRP uk ... meet three objectives Ensure material s are available for manufacturing production and product business ... of MRP in manufacturing The basic function of MRP system includes inventory control, bill of material ... in a shorter time than it takes to make them. This means that some level of planning is required ... to make each product. Planning Data. This includes all the restraints and directions to produce ... and Bill Of Material required to satisfy the demand from the Master Production Schedule ... or even countries. It is no good for an MRP system to say that we do not need to order some material because we have plenty thousands of miles away. The overall Enterprise resource planning ERP system ... the old design, and the new one, concurrently. The overall Enterprise resource planning ERP system ... more details
Economic systems sidebar Material balance accounting is a form of economic accounting based on balancing inputs with outputs in terms of natural units expressed in physical quantities as opposed to money . Material balance planning consists of a central planning board specifying a list of inputs required to produce one unit of output and then balancing outputs and inputs so that there is a balance between supply and demand. ref Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty First Century , 2003, by Gregory and Stuart. ISBN 0 618 26181 8. Material Balance Planning , P.127 ref Material balance planning was utilized to a limited extent in Economy of the Soviet Union Soviet style planned economies . Although it never replaced financial calculations, material balances became an established part of Soviet planning. econ stub See also Calculation in kind Economic planning Socialist economics Supply side economics Planned economy References reflist Category Socialism Economics Category Heterodox economics Category Economic planning Category Economic systems ... more details
Distinguish Materiel Other uses Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Material is anything made of matter , constituted of one or more Chemical substance substance s. Wood, cement, hydrogen, air and water are all examples of materials. Sometimes the term material is used more narrowly to refer to substances or components with certain physical properties that are used as inputs to Production, costs, and pricing production or manufacturing . In this sense, materials are the parts required to make something else, from building s and Art medium art to Star formation stars and computer s. Raw materials and processing A material can be anything a finished product in its own right or an unprocessed raw material . Raw materials are first extracted or harvested from the earth and divided into a form that can be easily transported and stored, then processed to produce semi finished materials. These can be input into a new cycle of production and Finishing disambiguation finishing processes to create finished materials, ready for Distribution business distribution , construction , and Consumption economics consumption . Some Examples of Materials Cotton An example of a raw material is cotton , which is harvested from plants. Cotton can be processed into thread also considered a raw material , which can then be woven into Textile cloth , a semi finished material. Cutting and sewing ... finished material. Steel is then used as an input in many other industries to make finished products ..., for example metal s and alloy s ceramic s plastic s semiconductor s composite material s. glass es See also Wiktionary material Commonscat Materials Chemical substance Chemical compound Materials science List of building materials Raw material Category Materials Industry stub bg ca Material da Materiale de Material et Materjal es Material fr Mat riau gl Material id Bahan is Efni ... pl Materia ru simple Material sl Material fi Materiaali sv Material th uk ... more details
Refimprove date March 2010 Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians Name The Material Img TheMaterialLive5.jpg Img capt Img size Background group or band Origin San Diego, California , United States U.S. Genre Alternative rock , pop punk , post punk Years active 2005 Present URL http www.wearethematerial.com Official Site of The Material Current members Colleen D Agostino br Jon Moreaux br Roi Elam br Kevin Pintado br Jordan Meckley br Past members Noah Vowles br Kevin Falk br Brian Miller br Matt Holden br Dustin Sherron For the New York City band of the same name, see Material band The Material is a rock music quintet from San Diego, California . Colleen D Agostino vocals moved to San Diego to pursue a music degree at San Diego State University . In her third year, she began playing with Jon Moreaux guitar and Noah Vowles drums . The threesome added bassist Kevin Falk , formerly of Every Time I Die and Between the Buried and Me , and started writing songs for their first demo. Kevin was replaced by Brian Miller bass , and Roi Elam guitar joined shortly after. With the permanent line up, The Material went into the studio to record their 6 song debut EP Tomorrow , which ... 3 of the Dew Circuit Breakout of 2007, losing to Seattle band, The Myriad . The Material has been featured ... http www.wearethematerial.com Site new site coming soon.html Link text ref The Material released 3 ... show with The Material in February. As of March 16, 2010 the new drummer for the band is Kevin Pintado. Jordan Meckley replaced bassist Dustin Sherron as of August 2010. The Material went into the studio .... The Material s song What Happens Next is the title track for MTV Australia s reality drama series ... Reflist External links http www.wearethematerial.com Official Site of The Material http myspace.com thematerial The Material MySpace profile http www.thematerialfans.net The Material Fansite DEFAULTSORT Material Category American punk rock groups Category Musical groups from California Category ... more details
picture, but often the detailed tasks must be discussed live with the whole team. Planning ... to react to them. An important, albeit often ignored aspect of planning, is the relationship it holds ... planning predicts what the future should look like. ref http www.forecastingprinciples.com index.php?option com content&task view&id 3&Itemid 3 field 2 How does forecasting relate to planning? ForecastingPrinciples.com ... to be addressed, the objectives to be met, and the strategy to be followed. Beyond this, planning ... to planning need to be held in tension on the one hand we need to be prepared for what may lie ... by consequences of our own planning and actions. The counterpart to planning is spontaneous order . Overview Planning is a process for accomplishing purposes. It is a blue print of business growth ... certainly ensure failure. Planning can be summarized in 3 easy steps 1. choosing a destination .... Offers a benchmark against which actual performance can be measured and reviewed. Importance of the planning .... Preparing a satisfactory plan of the organization is essential. The planning know the business ..., and most importantly, markets and competition. Planning helps in forecasting the future, makes the future visible to some extent. It bridges between where we are and where we want to go. Planning is looking ahead. Types of plans or planning Architectural planning Business plan Comprehensive planning Economic planning Enterprise Architecture Planning Event Planning and Production Family planning Financial planning Land use planning Life planning Marketing plan Network resource planning Strategic planning Succession planning Urban planning Operational planning Contingency planning Objectives and policies The objectives The objectives are general parts of the planning process. They are the end ... organizational decisions. They are the basic guides to be consistent in decision making. Planning basics Essentials of planningPlanning is not done off hand. It is prepared after careful and extensive ... more details
Refimprove date December 2006 Requirements management is the process of documenting, Requirements analysis analyzing , Requirements traceability tracing , Requirement prioritization prioritizing and agreeing on requirements and then controlling change and communicating to relevant stakeholders. It is a continuous ... product or service should conform. Overview The purpose of requirements management is to assure the organization ... O Reilly Media year 2005 isbn 978 0 596 00948 9 ref . Requirements management begins with the analysis and elicitation of the objectives and constraints of the organization. Requirements management further includes supporting planning for requirements, integrating requirements and the organization for working with them attributes for requirements , as well as relationships with other information delivering against requirements, and changes for these. The traceability thus established is used in managing requirements to report back fulfillment of company and stakeholder interests, in terms of compliance ... of requirements management in understanding the impacts of changes through requirements or other ... introducing these changes. ref cite web url http www.ogc.gov.uk delivery lifecycle requirements management.asp title Requirements management publisher UK Office of Government Commerce accessdate 2009 11 10 ref Requirements management involves communication between the project team members and stakeholders, and adjustment to requirements changes throughout the course of the project ref name ... one class of requirements from overriding another, constant communication among members of the development ... has such strong needs that it may ignore user requirements, or believe that in creating use cases , the user requirements are being taken care of. Traceability Main Requirements Traceability Requirements ... of the Requirements Traceability Problem Proc. of First International Conference on Requirements Engineering, 1994, pages 94 101 ref . Requirements come from different sources, like the business ... more details
Requirements specification in systems engineering and software engineering is the direct result of a requirement analysis and can refer to Software Requirements Specification Hardware Requirements Specification or both. See also Specification technical standard Formal specification disambiguation ... more details
merge Software Requirements Specification date December 2010 Software requirements is a sub field of Software engineering that deals with the elicitation, analysis, specification, and validation of requirements for software . ref name BoDu04 cite book editors Pierre Bourque and Robert Dupuis title Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge 2004 Version publisher IEEE Computer Society year 2004 pages 2 1 isbn 0 7695 2330 7 url http www.swebok.org ref The software requirement specification SRS document generates all necessary requirements for project development. To derive the requirements we need to have clear and thorough understanding of the products to be developed. This is prepared after detailed communications with project team and the customer. An SRS clearly defines the following External interfaces of the system They identify the information which is to flow from and to the system. Functional and nonfunctional requirements of the systems. They stand for the finding of run time requirements. Design constraints The SRS outline is given below Introduction purpose scope definitions,acronyms and abbreviations references overview Overall Descriptions product perspective product functions user characteristics assumptions and dependencies Specific requirements External interfaces functional requirements performance requirements logical database requirements Design constraints Software system attributes organizing the specific requirements additional comments supporting information table of contents and index appendixes Further reading cite book last Leffingwell first Dean co authors Don Widrig title Managing Software Requirements A Use Case Approach edition 2nd ed ... Requirements Memory Jogger A Desktop Guide to Help Business and Technical Teams Develop and Manage Requirements year 2009 publisher Addison Wesley isbn 157681114X See also Requirements analysis References reflist Software Engineering DEFAULTSORT Software Requirements Category Software requirements ... more details
refimprove date February 2010 In requirements engineering , requirements elicitation is the practice of obtaining the requirements of a system from users, customers and other stakeholders. ref Requirements ... The practice is also sometimes referred to as requirements gathering . The term elicitation is used in books and research to raise the fact that good requirements can not just be collected from the customer, as would be indicated by the name requirements gathering. Requirements elicitation is non trivial because you can never be sure you get all requirements from the user and customer by just asking them what the system should do. Requirements elicitation practices include interviews, questionnaires ... prototyping . Before requirements can be analyzed, modeled, or specified they must be gathered through an elicitation process. Requirements elicitation is a part of the requirements engineering process, usually followed by analysis and specification of the requirements. Commonly used elicitation ... be between software engineers and customers where they discuss their perspective of the requirements. Guidelines Sommerville and Sawyer SOM97 suggest a set of detailed guidelines for requirements elicitation ... Identify the people who will help specify requirements and understand their organizational bias Define ... of the system or product to be built Define one or more requirements elicitation methods e.g., interviews, focus groups, team meetings Solicit participation from many people so that requirements ... that is recorded Identify ambiguous requirements as candidates for prototyping Create usage scenarios or use cases to help customers users better identify key requirements Problems Christel and Kang CRI92 identify a number of problems that help us understand why requirements elicitation is difficult ... that is believed to be obvious, specify requirements that conflict with the needs of other customers users, or specify requirements that are ambiguous or untestable. Problems of volatility . The requirements ... more details
Requirements traceability is a sub discipline of requirements management within software development and systems engineering . Requirements traceability is concerned with documenting the life of a requirement and to provide bi directional traceability between various associated requirements. It enables ... and used should be traceable ref Gotel, O., Finkelstein, A. An Analysis of the Requirements Traceability Problem Proc. of First International Conference on Requirements Engineering, 1994, pages 94 101 ... factory to mouth. What matters in requirements management is not a temporal evolution so much as a structural evolution a trace of where requirements are derived from, how they are satisfied, how they are tested, and what impact will result if they are changed. Requirements come from different sources ... all have different requirements on the product. Using requirements traceability, an implemented feature can be traced back to the person or group that wanted it during the requirements elicitation ... studies show that a feature is not used, to see why it was required in the first place. Requirements Traceability is concerned with documenting the relationships between requirements and other development ... the requirements themselves should be traced but also the requirements relationship with all ... results and documentation of all kinds. Even people and user groups associated with requirements ... Cesar coauthors Jorge Horacio Doorn title Perspectives on Software Requirements publisher Kluwer Academic Publishers year 2004 pages 91 113 isbn 1 4020 7625 8 ref ref cite web title Requirements Tracing An overview accessdate 2007 05 11 ref ref cite web last Turbit first Neville title Requirements Traceability url http www.projectperfect.com.au info requirements traceability.php accessdate 2007 05 11 ref ref cite web title Requirements Traceability url http www.gatherspace.com static requirements traceability.html accessdate 2007 05 11 ref definition of requirements traceability is the following ... more details
Image SE Process.jpg thumb 320px Requirements analysis is the first stage in the systems engineering ... development process Requirements analysis in systems engineering and software engineering , encompasses ..., taking account of the possibly conflicting requirements of the various Stakeholder corporate stakeholders , such as beneficiaries or users. Requirements analysis is critical to the success of a development ... location Los Alamitos, CA isbn 0 7695 2330 7 chapter Chapter 2 Software Requirements chapterurl .... Requirements can be system architecture architectural , structure structural , behavior al, functional requirements functional , and non functional requirements non functional . Overview Conceptually, requirements analysis includes three types of activity Requirements elicitation Eliciting requirements the task of communicating with customers and users to determine what their requirements are. This is sometimes also called requirements gathering. Analyzing requirements determining whether the stated requirements are unclear, incomplete, ambiguous, or contradictory, and then resolving these issues. Recording requirementsRequirements might be documented in various forms, such as natural language documents, use case s, User story user stories , or process specifications. Requirements analysis ... of the new systems. Analysts can employ several techniques to elicit the requirements from the customer ... aptly named in this context as requirements workshops and creating requirements lists. More modern ... a combination of these methods to establish the exact requirements of the stakeholders, so that a system that meets the business needs is produced. Requirements engineering Systematic requirements analysis is also known as requirements engineering . ref cite book first Karl E. last Wiegers authorlink year 2003 title Software Requirements edition 2nd publisher Microsoft Press location Redmond, WA ... such as requirements gathering , requirements capture , or requirements specification. The term requirements ... more details
requirements and are often used as a guideline as opposed to an absolute rule. Most software defines two sets of system requirements System Requirements Minimum System Requirements minimum and System Requirements Recommended system requirements recommended . With increasing demand for higher processing power and resources in newer versions of software, system requirements tend to increase over ... computer systems than technological advancements. Recommended system requirements Recommended system requirements are often suggested by Independent Software Vendor software vendors for optimal performance of a software. Although not a necessity, this set of requirements is often sought after by power users who expect to gain a better experience of software usability. Recommended System Requirements .... Also, exceeding by far these requirements does not guarantee to the user that everything will run ... requirements The most common set of requirements defined by any operating system or software application ... requirements list is often accompanied by a hardware compatibility list HCL , especially in case of operating ... of hardware requirements. Architecture All computer operating system s are designed for a particular ... in the random access memory RAM of a computer. Memory requirements are defined after considering ... considered when defining this requirement. Secondary storage Hard disk requirements vary, depending ... adapters in the system requirements. Peripherals Some software applications need to make extensive ... device s, Computer networking device network devices , etc. Software requirements Software Requirements deal with defining software resource requirements and pre requisites that need to be installed on a computer to provide optimal functioning of an application. These requirements or pre requisites ... requirements mentioned when defining system requirements software . Software may not be compatible ..., despite their vulnerabilities. Other requirements Some software also has other requirements for proper ... more details
Contract law A requirements contract is a contract in which one Party law party agrees to supply as much of a good or service as is required by the other party, and in exchange the other party expressly or implicitly promises that it will obtain its goods or services exclusively from the first party. ref Roger LeRoy Miller, Gaylord A. Jentz, Business Law Today The Essentials 2005 , p. 336. ref For example, a grocery store might enter into a contract with the farmer who grows oranges under which the farmer ... Several problems typically arise with requirements contracts. The first is consideration . There would ... the surrender of the right to buy from another party. Put simply, t he buyer under a requirements .... It would be difficult to determine whether the buyer in a requirements contract is falsely claiming ... on requirements contracts. Until fairly recently, requirements contracts were deemed void under ... under a requirements contract. ref Richard A. Mann, Barry S. Roberts, Smith and Roberson s Business Law , 2005 p. 210. ref The Code states quotation 2 306. Output, Requirements and Exclusive Dealings. br br 1 A term which measures the quantity by the output of the seller or the requirements of the buyer means such actual output or requirements as may occur in good faith, except that no quantity unreasonably ... or otherwise comparable prior output or requirements may be tendered or demanded. Simply put, this means that a requirements contract for good accounting good s is valid, but might not be enforced ..., antitrust concerns sometimes arise because a requirements contract prohibits the buyer from doing business ... on the open market. Requirements contracts have nevertheless been upheld in the face of challenges ..., Antitrust Law Developments 2007 , p. 248. ref Robert Bork , in The Antitrust Paradox , examines requirements ... of freedom of contract. He argues that no one would sign a requirements contract with a seller ... dealing or requirements contracts were shown to injure competition . ref Robert Bork , The Antitrust ... more details
Compliance requirements are a series of directives established by United States United States Federal ... compliance requirements for which recipients must always comply with when receiving and using ... in the OMB A 133 Compliance Supplement. The compliance requirements only serve as guidelines for compliance .... Introduction pg. 3 1, par. 1 2 ref The Compliance Requirements are assigned a letter in alphabetical ... must be expended for such purpose only. Allowable Costs Cost Principles B This compliance requirements ... entity, see Compliance requirements Subrecipient Monitoring M Subrecipient Monitoring below . The Federal .... Many Federal programs already contain eligibility requirements based on laws, agency regulations, grant agreements, etc., and recipients must assure that their eligibility determination complies with such requirements ... ref After determining which eligibility requirements are needed for participation in a program ..., Earmarking G This section covers 3 compliance requirements which are focused on the performance of the recipient ... used for a specific purpose. Failure to meet these requirements may result in either the limitation of future funds or the termination of the assistance altogether. The specific requirements for matching ... received, and includes requirements for a specified level of service to be provided, , a specified ... part of the original budget , added to the current program budget, or used to meet matching requirements ..., the reporting requirements e.g., which reports must be submitted, the timing of the submission ... have specific and unique compliance requirements established by laws, regulations, and the provisions of contract or grant agreements pertaining to the program which do not fit into any of the requirements listed above. This sections covers those unique those requirements. The auditor must review ... compliance requirements and develop audit objectives and audit procedures under this section. ref ... Supplement , Part III Compliance Requirements and Part IV Agency Program Requirements United ... more details
Advert date December 2010 File Material Disclosure dot com.jpg thumb Material Disclosure is a supply chain communication tool developed by Actio Corporation . It can securely collect and warehouse regulatory and compositional information about materials used in the manufacturing of products. Material Disclosure is able to manage detailed product information. It can support documentation such as material safety data sheets , technical data sheets and certificates of analysis. Material Disclosure makes it easy for manufacturers to obtain the information from their suppliers that are required by ever evolving global Occupational safety and health health and safety requirements. External links http e ditionsbyfry.com olive ODE RCE Default.aspx?href RCE 2010 04 01 Material Disclosure Best Practices ChemInfo 2010 4 1 http www.supplychainbrain.com content home single article page article actio releases update of material disclosure software Actio Releases Update of Material Disclosure Software 2009 10 17 References reflist Category Supply chain management ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Wikify date December 2009 A material consideration in the United Kingdom UK is a process in Planning Law in which the decision maker when assessing an application for development must consider in deciding the outcome of an application. Material considerations in the past have included issues regarding traffic, wildlife, economic impacts and the historical interest of the area. In considering an application for development, decision makers often consult local development plans and Public Policy Guidance notes PPG to determine the success of a proposal. Issues such as loss of a view, or effect on property values are not material considerations. The Council for the Protection of Rural England advises that Material Considerations are factors which will be taken into account when reaching a decision on a planning application or appeal. Under Section 38 of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004, decisions on planning applications must be made in accordance with the development plan unless other material considerations indicate otherwise . The courts ultimately decide what a material consideration is. However, case law gives local planning authorities a great deal of leeway to decide what considerations are relevant, and how much weight should be given to them, each time they make a decision on a planning application. Any consideration which relates to the use or development of land is capable of being a material consideration, but other circumstances such as personal hardship and fears of affected residents can be considered in exceptional cases the House of Lords in Great Portland Estates v. Westminster City Council 1985 . In practice, Government planning policy is often the most important material consideration other than the development plan. Government policy may also override the development plan if it has been both consulted on and published more recently. DEFAULTSORT Material Consideration Category Local government ... more details
Image Miniload ASRS.jpg thumb right 200px A Miniload Automated Storage and Retrieval System AS RS an example of a material handling system. Image Toyota forklift.jpg thumb right 200px Forklift truck s are common in material handling. Image Push Back Rack.jpg thumb right 200px Motorcycle s stored in specialty push back rack. Material Handling Industry Material Handling is the movement, storage, control and protection of materials, goods and products throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption and disposal. The focus is on the methods, mechanical equipment, systems and related controls used to achieve these functions. The material handling industry manufactures and distributes the equipment and services required to implement material handling systems. Material handling systems range from simple pallet rack and shelving projects, to complex conveyor belt and Automated Storage and Retrieval System s AS RS . Material Handling Equipment main Material handling equipment This topic is discussed in greater detail in the Material handling equipment article. Material Handling System in Flexible Manufacturing The material handling system MHS is a fundamental part of a Flexible Manufacturing system since it interconnects the different processes supplying and taking out raw material, workpieces, subproducts, parts and final products. Due to the automated nature of the whole production process, the MHS must respond in concert with timeliness for all requirements of the processes and systems. The MHS is composed of warehouses, buffers, conveyors, transportation veh cles or systems, part sorters, feeders and manipulators. See also Overhead crane Carton flow Derrick Forklift truck Mezzanine architecture Industrial mezzanines Warehouse References references http www.mhia.org MHIA Material Handling Industry of America Category Industrial equipment de F rdertechnik es Manejo de material it Movimentazione dei materiali pt Movimenta o de material ... more details
wiktionary materialMaterial is a substance. Material may also refer to Raw material Textile , Fabric, or Yard goods Materials Science , a physical science Materials journal a peer reviewed, open access, scientific journal with broad topical interest in materials science and engineering Building Material Materiel , commercial or military equipment and supplies Material, a character from Variable Geo fighting game series The Material , a rock music band from San Diego, California Material band , a rock music band Material Moebius & Plank album , an album by Moebius & Plank Material Aco album Material EP an EP by Leaether Strip Material chess See also Materiality disambiguation Matter disambig de Material Begriffskl rung eo Materialo lt Med iaga reik m s ja pt Material ro Material sk Materi l ... more details
A Burgers material is a viscoelastic material which consists of a Maxwell material and a Kelvin material in series. It is named after the Dutch physicist Johannes Martinus Burgers . See also References reflist External links material stub Category Non Newtonian fluids ... more details
Material world may refer to Nature . Material World TV series Material World , a Canada Canadian television sitcom in the 1980s. Material World radio programme Material World , a BBC Radio 4 science programme. Peter Menzel Material World Material World A Global Family Portrait , a 1994 photo essay by Peter Menzel . disambig ... more details
Electrical material may refer to any of the following Metal s Semimetal s Semiconductor s Dielectric s Paramagnetic material s Electrical conductor s Electrical insulator s dab ... more details
Material physics is the use of physics to describe material s in many different ways such as force, heat, light and mechanics. It is a synthesis of physical sciences such as chemistry , solid mechanics and solid state physics . References reflist See also material science . Category Physics physics stub fa sv Materialfysik ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A natural material is any product or physical matter that comes from plants, animals, or the ground. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them without further modification are also considered to belong into this category. Biotic material s Wood rattan , bamboo , bark etc. Natural fiber s wool , cotton , flax , hemp , jute , kapok , kenaf , moss , etc. Inorganic material Rock geology Stone flint , granite , obsidian , sandstone , sand , Gemstone gems , glass , etc. Metal copper , bronze , iron , gold , silver , steel , etc. Composite material Composite s clay , porcelain , plasticine , etc. Other natural materials. Soil See also Material science Synthetic material Natural resources Building material Metamaterials discusses characteristics of natural materials in contrast to periodic, artificially constructed, composite materials. Category Natural materials material stub cy Defnydd naturiol ms Bahan semula jadi ... more details
Refimprove date May 2009 Material scattering of an electromagnetic wave is scattering that is attributable to the intrinsic properties of the material through which the wave is propagating. Ionospheric scattering and Rayleigh scattering are examples of material scattering. In an optical fiber , material scattering is caused by micro inhomogeneities in the refractive indices of the materials used to fabricate the fiber, including the dopants used to modify the refractive index profile. optics stub FS1037C Category Radio frequency propagation Category Scattering, absorption and radiative transfer optics ... more details
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