Other uses Mandarin disambiguation Mandarin Image Portrait of Jiang Shunfu.jpg thumb A Ming Dynasty portrait of the Chinese official Jiang Shunfu 1453 1504 . The Mandarin Square indicates that he was a civil official of the first rank. File Qing Dynasty Mandarin.jpg thumb A Qing Dynasty photograph of a government official with Mandarin Square in the front. A mandarin zh c p gu n cy gun1 Lang vi quan was a bureaucrat in Imperial era of Chinese history imperial China , and also in History of Vietnam the monarchist days of Vietnam where the system of Imperial examinations and scholar bureaucrats ... comes from the Portuguese language Portuguese mandarim early spelling, mandarin . The Portuguese word ... to Mantra . ref http www.etymonline.com index.php?term mandarinMandarin , Online Etymology Dictionary ref ref http www.merriam webster.com dictionary mandarinMandarin Merriam Webster ref ref mandarin ... tadi bertukar kepada Mandarin . ref In the 16th century, before the term mandarin became widespread ... Mandarin Pinyin l oye Amoy dialect l tia Quanzhou dialect l u tia , which was commonly used ... 522 523 ref In the West, the term mandarin is associated with the concept of the Scholar bureaucrats ... to performing civil service duties. The term Mandarin is also used to refer to the Mandarin Chinese ... . It was not until the Tang Dynasty when the final form of the mandarin was completed with the replacement ... English , mandarin is also used to refer to any though usually a senior civil servant , often ... and Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth countries . See also Mandarin square , for mandarins ranks ... China Category Public administration da Mandarin embedsmand de Mandarin Titel el es Mandar n bur crata eo Mandareno fr Mandarin fonctionnaire io Mandareno it Mandarino funzionario nl Mandarijn functie ja no Mandarin embedsmann pl Mandaryn pt Mandarim t tulo ru sl Mandarin fi Mandariini virkamies sv Mandarin mbetsman zh ... more details
in Europe as Mandarinbureaucrat Mandarins , after the Portuguese language Portuguese word for councillor ... Brazil film Hermes Conrad Ikiru See also Apparatchik Civil servant Mandarinbureaucrat Nomenklatura ...selfref For the specific role of bureaucrats in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia Bureaucrats . A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can comprise the administration of any organization of any size, though the term usually connotes someone within an institution of a government or corporation. Bureaucrat jobs were often desk jobs the French for desk being bureau , though bureau can also be translated as office , though the modern bureaucrat may be found in the field as well as in an office. History German sociologist Max Weber defined a bureaucratic official as the following ref name weber cite book author Max Weber title Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft pages 650 78 ref He is personally free and appointed to his position on the basis of conduct. He exercises the authority delegated to him in accordance with impersonal rules, and his loyalty is enlisted on behalf of the faithful execution of his official duties. His appointment and job placement are dependent upon his technical qualifications. His administrative work is a full time occupation. His work is rewarded by a regular salary and prospects of advancement in a lifetime career. He must exercise his judgment and his skills, but his duty is to place these at the service of a higher authority. Ultimately he is responsible only for the impartial execution of assigned tasks and must sacrifice his personal judgment if it runs counter to his official duties. Bureaucratic control is the use of rules, regulations, and formal authority to guide performance. It includes such things as budgets, statistical reports, and performance appraisals to regulate behavior and results. As an academic, Woodrow Wilson professed ref name wilson cite ... in the English language in Europe a portmanteau of the European Union or Europe , and bureaucrat. In History ... more details
wiktionarypar Mandarin Tocright Mandarin may refer to any of the following Officials Mandarinbureaucrat , a bureaucrat of Imperial China the original meaning of the word , Vietnam, and by analogy, any senior government bureaucrat Language Standard Chinese , also known as Putonghua , the official language of the People s Republic of China mainland China and the Republic of China Taiwan Mandarin Chinese , the branch of Chinese dialects which includes the dialect of Beijing Clothing Mandarin dress , a style of clothing derived from Manchurian garb Mandarin collar , a short shirt or jacket collar that is not folded Biology Mandarin Duck , Aix galericulata Mandarin fish , Siniperca chuatsi Mandarin dogfish , two species of small shark in the genus Cirrhigaleus Mandarin orange Citrus reticulata , a sweet, orange like citrus fruit Companies Mandarin Airlines , a subsidiary of China Airlines The Mandarin, former name of Mandarin Oriental, Hong Kong , a Hong Kong hotel Mandarin Publishing , a publishing unit of Random House Mandarin Restaurant , a chain of all you can eat buffets in Southern Ontario, Canada Mandarin Software , a British software developer Mandarin model cars 1 80 scale model cars made in Singapore. Other Mandarin comics , a supervillain in the Marvel Comics universe Mandarin High School , a high school in the southern part of Jacksonville Florida Mandarin Mix Up , a 1924 film starring Stan Laurel Mandarin novel Mandarin novel , a 1983 novel by Robert Elegant Mandarin ... Mandarin , a one act pantomime ballet composed by B la Bart k between 1918 1924. The Mandarins , 1954 ..., California Places Mandarin, Jacksonville, Florida , a 19th century community, since absorbed into the city limits of Jacksonville, United States disambig cy Mandarin da Mandarin flertydig de Mandarin fr Mandarin he nl Mandarijn ja no Mandarin nn Mandarin fleirtyding pt Mandarim ru fi Mandariini t smennyssivu sv Mandarin th ... more details
Infobox Film name Paperland The Bureaucrat Observed image image size caption director Donald Brittain producer Donald Brittain br Marin Canell writer Donald Brittain br Ronald Blumer br John T. Random narrator Donald Brittain starring music cinematography Douglas Kiefer br Barry Perles editing Richard Todd film editor Richard Todd distributor National Film Board of Canada released 1979 in film 1979 runtime 58 minutes country Canada language English language English budget gross preceded by followed by Paperland The Bureaucrat Observed is a 1979 documentary film critiquing bureaucracy , written and directed by Donald Brittain and produced by the National Film Board of Canada and CBC TV . Genie Awards Paperland The Bureaucrat Observed won four Genie Awards and was nominated for two more. This was despite the fact that the NFB did not submit the film to the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television , with Brittain paying the entry fee and shipping charges himself. ref cite book last Nolan first Brian title Donald Brittain Man of Film publisher DigiWire chapter Chapter 22 Quints and Bureaucrats url http www.digiwire.com download quints.htm ref 2007 International Documentary Filmfestival Amsterdam Every year, the IDFA gives an acclaimed filmmaker the chance to screen his or her personal Top 10 favorite films. In 2007, Iran ian filmmaker Maziar Bahari selected Paperland The Bureaucrat Observed for his top ten classics from the history of documentary. ref http www3.nfb.ca nouvelles index.php?id 1606 NFB press release ref References Reflist External links http www.nfb.ca film paperland Watch the film at NFB.ca imdb title 0203774 Paperland The Bureaucrat Observed Category National Film Board of Canada documentaries Category English language films Category Canadian documentary films Category 1979 films Category CBC network shows Category Films directed by Donald Brittain Category Genie Award winners for Best Documentary Film Category 1970s documentary films Canada film stub poli ... more details
Shrines . Another Yoshida The bureaucrat Shigeru Yoshida was often confused with another politician ... and Prime Minister of Japan . The bureaucrat Shigeru Yoshida was often referred to as Mejiro Yoshida ... Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Yoshida, Shigeru bureaucrat ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION ... more details
Infobox Person name Takeshi Watanabe image caption birth date 15 February 1906 Fact date October 2010 birth place Japan death date 23 August 2010 death place Tokyo , Japan occupation Bureaucrat , First President Asian Development Bank spouse Nihongo Takeshi Watanabe Watanabe Takeshi 15 February 1906 23 August 2010 was a Japanese bureaucrat and the first President of the Asian Development Bank ADB . Watanabe was considered to be the father of ADB, as it was under his leadership that many of ADB s policies and targets were established, the first bond was issued in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1969, and in September 1972, donors agreed to set up ADB s multilateral source of concessional lending, the Asian Development Fund. He served as President of ADB from its inception in 1966 to 1972. ref name TW Cite journal last first authorlink coauthors title First ADB President Takeshi Watanabe passes away aged 104 journal Seniors World Chronicle volume issue pages publisher location date 27 August 2010 url http www.seniorsworldchronicle.com 2010 08 japan takeshi watanabe first president.html issn doi id accessdate 2010 09 16 ref After resigning from ADB, Watanabe took on a number of roles including advisor to the Bank of Tokyo , President of the Japan Credit Rating Agency JCRA , and honorary chairman of Japan Silver Volunteers Inc. He was also the first Japanese chairman of the Trilateral Commission . His book of memoirs of ADB Towards a New Asia was published in 1973. ref name TW ref Watanabe Takeshi died in Tokyo on Monday 23 August 2010, at the age of 104. ref name JT Cite journal last first authorlink coauthors title Watanabe, 104, father of ADB, dies journal The Japan Times volume issue pages publisher location date 28 August 2010 url http search.japantimes.co.jp cgi bin nb20100828a6.html issn doi id accessdate 2010 09 16 ref References Reflist Use dmy dates date September 2010 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Watanabe, Takeshi ALTERNATIVE NA ... more details
with the coat s mandarin collar worn in the upright position as required when wearing protective combat gear A mandarin collar is a short unfolded stand up collar clothing collar style on a shirt or jacket. Mandarin collars start at the neckline and typically rise vertically two to five centimeters. The style originated from Western interpretation of dresses worn by Mandarinbureaucrat Mandarins in Imperial era of Chinese history Imperial China . The length along a mandarin collar is straight ... barely meet at the centre front or overlap slightly. Overlapping mandarin collars are often a continuation ... , a garment which served as a model for the Nehru jacket with mandarin collar A similar style ... with this type of collar. A band collar is often a mandarin collar. This term is also used for shirts ... with a detachable collar , a largely forgotten usage. Usage In contemporary Western dress, mandarin collars are found in fashion forward oriental style and minimalist style clothing. Women s mandarin ... instead of button s. Since mandarin collars are short and do not fold over, necktie s are not worn with mandarin collared dress shirt s. It is socially acceptable and fashionable to wear a mandarin collared ... is worn. This lack of ties has led to the recent rising popularity of mandarin collars in the post dotcom casual era. ref http thomascrampton.com 2007 04 10 cut ties join the mandarin collar society Cut Ties Join The Mandarin Collar Society Bot generated title ref Mandarin collars are also utilised ... of the mandarin collar on the Army Combat Uniform makes the wearing of body armor more comfortable by lifting the collar up to prevent chafing. Mandarin collars are also the proper shape for a single ... to the side or on the shoulder, while Greeks have the notched Mandarin pattern with a closing ..., such as the Syriac Catholic Church and Ethiopic Catholic Church . Lastly, mandarin collars feature ... still retained the mandarin collar. The televangelist Benny Hinn wears the Mandarin collar costume ... more details
in the street, soon heard coming up the stairs. The tramps hide, and the figure, a MandarinbureaucratMandarin wealthy Chinese man , stands immobile in the doorway. The tramps urge the girl to lure him closer. She begins another saucy dance, the Mandarin s passions slowly rising. Suddenly, he ...Unsourced image removed Image Mandarin.jpg frame right A program featuring a double bill of the Mandarin and Bart k s opera Duke Bluebeard s Castle The Miraculous Mandarin or The Wonderful Mandarin lang hu A csod latos mandarin lang de Der Wunderbare Mandarin Op. 19, Sz ll sy Sz. 73 BB 82 , is a one ... Third seduction game the Mandarin enters Dance of the girl The chase the tramps leap out Suddenly the Mandarin s head appears The Mandarin falls to the floor After an orchestral introduction depicting ... falls, plunging the room into darkness, and the Mandarin s body begins to glow with an eerie blue ... the tramps to release the Mandarin they do. He leaps at the girl again, and this time she does not resist and they embrace. With the Mandarin s longing fulfilled, his wounds begin to bleed and he ... in 5 4 time 5 4 , also interrupted by the 6 8 minor second as the tramps throw him out. When the Mandarin ... of parallel tritone s in the other trombones and the tuba. When the Mandarin enters the room, the trombones ... is played fortississimo by the full brass. The girl s dance for the Mandarin contains both a waltz and the viola theme associated with her and the tramps. When the Mandarin seizes the girl, the minor ... again as the tramps rob the Mandarin. The attempted suffocation and stabbing are illustrated with great force in the orchestra. As the tramps hang the Mandarin from the lamp, the texture is blurred with glissandi on trombones, timpani, piano and cellos. The glowing body of the Mandarin is represented .... The climax, after the girl embraces the Mandarin, is a theme given out fortissimo by the low brass against minor second tremolo s in the woodwind s. As the Mandarin begins to bleed, the downward minor ... more details
A Mandarin square traditional Chinese simplified Chinese pinyin b zi Wade Giles putz , also known as a rank badge , was a large embroidered badge sewn onto the surcoat of an Mandarinbureaucrat official in Imperial era of Chinese history Imperial China . It was embroidered with detailed, colourful animal or bird insignia indicating the rank of the official wearing it. Ming Dynasty File Portrait of Jiang Shunfu.jpg thumb 200px A Ming Dynasty portrait of the Chinese official Jiang Shunfu 1453 1504 . The Mandarin Square indicates that he was a civil official of the first rank. Mandarin squares were first authorized for wear in 1391 by the Ming Dynasty . The use of squares depicting birds for civil officials and animals for military officials was an outgrowth of the use of similar squares, apparently for decorative use, in the Yuan Dynasty . ref Schuyler V. Cammann Cammann, Schuyler Birds and Animals as Ming and Ch ing Badges of Rank , Arts of Asia May June 1991 , page 89. ref The original court dress regulations of the Ming Dynasty were published in 1368, but did not refer to badges as rank insignia. ref Cammann, Schuyler Development of the Mandarin Square , Harvard Journal of Asiatic ... with the tops narrower than the bottom. ref Cammann, Schuyler Chinese Mandarin Squares, Brief Catalogue ..., Schuyler Chinese Mandarin Squares, Brief Catalogue of the Letcher Collection , University Museum Bulletin Vol 17, No 3 June 1953 , page 9. ref ref Cammann, Schuyler Development of the Mandarin Square ... Mandarin.jpg thumb 150px A Qing Dynasty photograph of a government official with Mandarin Square ... are shown in Qing mandarin attire, complete with mandarin squares gallery Tables The specific birds and animals used to represent rank varied only slightly from the inception of mandarin squares until ... Silver Pheasant 6 Egret or Mandarin Duck Egret Egret 7 Egret or Mandarin Duck Mandarin Duck Mandarin ... of the Empire of China de Mandarintuch fr Carr mandarin ko lt Bufanas no Mandarinduk ru ... more details
, originally meant an mandarinbureaucrat official of the Chinese empire. ref China in the Sixteenth Century The Journals of Mathew Ricci . ref ref mandarin , cite book title Shorter Oxford English ... language Putonghua Guoyu Standard Chinese Infobox language name Mandarin nativename Gu nhu ... Chinese dia1 Northeastern Mandarin Northeastern dia2 Beijing Mandarin Beijing dia3 Ji Lu Mandarin Ji Lu dia4 Jiao Liao Mandarin Jiao Liao dia5 Lower Yangtze Mandarin Lower Yangtze dia6 Central Plains Mandarin Central Plains dia7 Lan Yin Mandarin Lan Yin dia8 Southwestern Mandarin Southwestern dia9 Jin Chinese Jin disputed map Mandarin and Jin in China.png mapcaption Mandarin area, with disputed Jin group in light green image Guanhua.png imagesize 150px imagecaption Gu nhu Mandarin br written in Chinese character s iso3 cmn lingua 79 AAA b notice IPA ChineseText In Chinese linguistics, Mandarin ... Chinese dialect s spoken across most of northern and southwestern China . Because most Mandarin dialects ... Mandarin does not compare with the much greater variation found within several other varieties of Chinese , and this is thought to be due to a relatively recent spread of Mandarin across China, combined .... When the Mandarin group is taken as one language, as is often done in academic literature, it has more ... has been within the Mandarin area, making these dialects very influential. Mandarin dialects, particularly the Beijing dialect, form the basis of Standard Chinese , which is also known as Mandarin . Name The English word mandarin from Portuguese language Portuguese mandarim, from Malay language ... this standard language in the 16th century, they called it Mandarin, from its Chinese name Gu nhu , or language of the officials . ref Coblin 2000 , p. 537. ref In everyday English, Mandarin ... dialect particular Mandarin dialect spoken in Beijing , with some lexical and syntactic influence from other Mandarin dialects. It is the official spoken language of the People s Republic ... more details
Infobox language name Filipino Mandarin nativename lang zh familycolor Sino Tibetan region Philippines fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin fam4 Beijing dialect fam5 Standard Mandarin iso3 notice IPA Infobox Chinese showflag stp first t s t p F il b n Hu y mi IPAc cmn f ei 1 l 4 b in 1 h ua 2 y v 3 myr F ily b n Hw y w Feil pin Huay Filipino Mandarin zh t s p F il b n Hu y is a variety of Mandarin Chinese widely spoken by ethnic Chinese in the Philippines. It is based on the phonology of the Beijing dialect and the grammar of Vernacular Chinese , and is identical to the standard of Mandarin used in Taiwan that is called Guoyu lang zh . Many Filipino Chinese schools uses bopomofo zhuyin fuhao to teach the language. Filipino Mandarin uses the Traditional Chinese Characters in writing and it is seen in the newspapers. Filipino Mandarin can be classified into two distinct Mandarin dialects Standard Mandarin and Colloquial Mandarin . These two dialects are easily distinguishable to a person proficient in Mandarin. Standard Mandarin is like the standard language of Taiwan, while Colloquial Mandarin tends to combine Mandarin lang zh and Min Nan Yu lang zh or Southern Hokkien Language. See also Han Chinese Hoklo people Chinese Filipino Standard Chinese Taiwanese Mandarin Lan nang Amoy dialect Taiwanese Hokkien Traditional Chinese Characters List of varieties of Chinese Written Hokkien Classical Chinese Old Chinese Written vernacular Chinese Languages of Philippines External links Southern Min Languages Chinese language Category Min Nan References reflist Category Mandarin Chinese Category Filipino language ... more details
About the Mandarin Chinese spoken in the Northeastern part of China the standardized official spoken ... Mandarin nativename br D ngb ihu familycolor Sino Tibetan states Jilin , Heilongjiang and Liaoning ... speakers 82 million fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin map Northeast Mandarin in China.png mapcaption linglist cmn nem Northeastern Mandarin ref Chinese Zh t s p D ngb ihu Northeast Speech or D ngb igu nhu Northeast Mandarin ref is the dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken in what historically was Manchuria . It is very similar to the Beijing dialect ... to Dandong where Jiao Liao Mandarin is spoken , Jilin , and Heilongjiang provinces. With over 100 million people living in the Northeastern part of China, the Northeastern Mandarin speaking population is quite large. Like other Mandarin dialects, differences between Northeastern Mandarin and other ..., Northeastern Mandarin is being spoken in increasingly larger communities in the Chinatowns of New York City in the United States . Sub dialects Northeastern Mandarin can be subdivided into regional ... Linguistic information Usually, speakers of Northeastern Mandarin describe the variant that they are speaking as distinct from Standard Chinese . However, linguists classify Northeastern Mandarin as a form of Mandarin Chinese in a broader sense. While the difference between Northeastern Mandarin and Beijing dialect are not so significant phonologically, Northeastern Mandarin contains many colloquialisms not found in Standard Chinese. Image Mandarin Sub Dialects.svg 350px center Cultural and regional identity Although not considered a language in academic circles, Mandarin variants like Northeastern Mandarin often contribute to a strong regional identity. Native or fluent Chinese speakers ... performing. Origins of the dialect Northeastern Mandarin evolved from Han Chinese Han immigrants mainly .... References references See also Chinese language Mandarin Chinese Standard Chinese Jiao Liao ... more details
refimprove date November 2011 Mandarin s Minions are a group of villains led by and brought together by Mandarin comics The Mandarin . The exploits of this super villain group can be read in Avengers comics The Avengers Bibliography of Avengers titles v1 special 1 . Fictional history The Mandarin warps some parts needed by The Living Laser to help him create new wrist mounted lasers. He uses these lasers to break himself out of jail. Once he gets out into the open, The Mandarin warps him to his hideout, which happens to be a spacestation located in Earth orbit. He gets there to find that The Mandarin has put together Mandarin s Minions to help take over the world. The Mandarin divides the villains up to 3 major continents around the world and has them demand to be put in charge. The Avengers stifle any hopes of this happening. After his subordinates are defeated he is visited by the whole Avenger group current previous members . The group consisted of Thor Marvel Comics Thor , Iron Man , Captain America , Hawkeye comics Hawkeye , Henry Pym Goliath , Wasp comics The Wasp , Hercules Marvel Comics Hercules , The Scarlet Witch , Quicksilver comics Quicksilver . They defeated The Mandarin and he was sucked through a hole in his spacestation and floated away. They did not consider him dead because he has the ability to use his rings to warp to another dimension. Popular Culture International Union of Minions and Henchpeople Benevolent and Evil The minion has been brought to life by The International Union of Minions and Henchpeople Benevolent and Evil. ref cite web last Diehl first Brian title International Union of Minions and Henchpeople Benevolent and Evil url http www.minion ... only allows self proclaimed minions and henchpeople to join and share in the fun. Members Mandarin s Minions consists of the following members Mandarin comics The Mandarin Living Laser The Living ... media Television In the Iron Man TV series Iron Man TV series, a team similar to this had Mandarin ... more details
Copyedit date November 2011 unreferenced date November 2011 Infobox Television show name DAAI Mandarin format Program Feature runtime 24 menit creator director developer presenter Antony Hong starring voices narrated theme music composer opentheme endtheme composer country flagcountry Indonesia language Mandarin Chinese Mandarin num seasons num episodes list episodes executive producer Mansjur Tandiono Tjhin Hong Ling producer Suryawati Lim supervising producer Yabin Yap co producer editor Abdul Kadir story editor location camera Achmad Junaedi runtime network DAAI TV picture format audio format first run first aired 3 August 2008 last aired now preceded by followed by related website http www.daaitv.co.id program ProgramDAAIMandarin.html imdb id tv com id DAAI Mandarin zh E5 A4 A7 E6 84 9B E8 88 87 E6 82 A8 E5 88 86 E4 BA AB Da Ai Yu Nin Fen Xiang is a Mandarin Chinese Mandarin program that has been aired on DAAI TV Indonesia since 3 August 2008. The program was created to offer news to Mandarin speaking Chinese people living in Indonesia. It is on the 59th UHF Channel. The program contains highlights various themes such as social humanitarian, health, education, and acculturation of Chinese Indonesian cultures. The program also aims at expanding viewers knowledge and providing a Mandarin learning device, enabling viewers to learn Mandarin through its shows. The target audience consists of Mandarin speaking foreigners domiciled in Indonesia and Indonesians who are learning Mandarin. Program schedule First run Sunday at 18.30 WIB Re run Monday at 11.30 WIB, Friday at 23.00 WIB, Saturday at 07.00 WIB, Sunday at 12.00 WIB Presenter Antony Hong See also Tzu Chi Tzu Chi Malaysia Tzu Chi University id DAAI TV DAAI TV http zh.wikipedia.org zh hant E5 A4 A7 E6 84 9B E8 A1 9B E6 98 9F E9 9B BB E8 A6 96 Uncategorized stub date November 2011 indonesia stub Asia tv stub id DAAI Mandarin zh ... more details
Infobox Airline airline Mandarin Airlines fleet size 9 logo MandarinAirlinesLogo.png logo size 200px destinations 34 including charter flights IATA AE ICAO MDA callsign MANDARIN parent China Airlines founded ... alliance SkyTeam affiliate member website http www.mandarin airlines.com english index.htm mandarin airlines.com english index.htm Mandarin Airlines, Limited pinyin Hu x n H ngk ng is an airline ... airlines.com english contactus.htm Contact Us . Mandarin Airlines. Retrieved on March 15, 2010. ... subsidiary. It also operates charter services. Its main base is Taichung Airport . History Mandarin ... name of Mandarin Airlines. ref name MandarinHistory http www.mandarin airlines.com en about us mandarin.htm About Us . Mandarin Airlines . Retrieved on March 7, 2010. ref Mandarin s establishment had much to do with the political status of Taiwan . At the time, Mandarin Airlines parent company ..., thus Mandarin Airlines was established to take advantage of this, while preserving China Airlines ..., Mandarin Airlines started operations with direct flights from Taipei to Sydney in Australia . The next step was the opening of a direct air route to Vancouver in Canada on 7 December 1991. Thus, Mandarin .... Citation needed date June 2007 The China Trust Group pulled its investment in Mandarin Airlines on 31 ... by December 1992. Also, Mandarin Airlines role was changed to be a primary domestic and short range ... China Airlines formally merged its subsidiary, Mandarin Airlines, with Formosa Airlines under the Mandarin name. Mandarin took over Formosa s domestic operations and aircraft while Mandarin s fleet ... losing routes. Citation needed date June 2007 Mandarin Airlines is owned by China Airlines 93.99 ... mark and concept of operations . Mandarin Airlines . ref Destinations Mandarin Airlines operates ... Our Flight Destinations . Mandarin Airlines . ref The mainland Chinese destinations may include scheduled ... Airport Ho Chi Minh City Tan Son Nhat International Airport Fleet Image Mandarin Airlines Fokker ... more details
taxobox name Mandarin orange image Mandarina.jpg image caption regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms ... hide y reason Used as an adjective like this, it is a proper name and capitalized Mandarin orange ... name and is NOT capitalized. mandarin or mandarine both lower case , is a small citrus tree Citrus reticulata with fruit resembling other Orange fruit oranges . Mandarin oranges are usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. Specifically reddish orange mandarin cultivars can be marketed as tangerine s, but this is not a botanical classification. The tree is more drought tolerant than the fruit. The mandarin .... Varieties Image Mandarin oranges canned.jpg thumb right Canned and peeled mandarin orange segments Image Harvest Kinnow.jpg thumb right Kinnow , a variety of Mandarin orange from Pakistan The mandarin orange is a Variety botany variety of the orange family. The mandarin has many names, some of which actually refer to crosses between the mandarin and another citrus fruit. Satsuma fruit Satsuma ... Mandarin orange form, have displaced mikans in many markets Tangerine Tangor , also called the temple orange , a cross between the Mandarin orange and the common sweet orange its thick Peel fruit rind is easy to peel and its bright orange pulp is sour sweet and full flavored The mandarin is easily ... to eat, as utensils are not required to peel or cut the fruit. Canned mandarin segments are peeled ... rinses in plain water. During Chinese New Year , Mandarin oranges and tangerine s are considered traditional ... characteristics Image Mandarin tree closeup.JPG thumb right Closeup of mandarin tree Citrus fruits ... hwachae , a Korean fruit dish made with mandarin oranges and honey class wikitable style margin ... Mandarin Mandelo References Reflist Notes Refbegin http www.pfaf.org database plants.php?Citrus reticulata ... 9218&t &h &s 76.00&e &r Mandarin Orange Nutrition Facts http citrusvariety.ucr.edu citrus mandarins.html UC Riverside Mandarin Variety Descriptions http www.hort.purdue.edu newcrop morton mandarin orange.html ... more details
Infobox language name Southwestern Mandarin nativename Upper Yangtze Mandarin familycolor Sino Tibetan region Sichuan , Yunnan , Hubei fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin map Southwestern Mandarin in China.png mapcaption linglist cmn xin Southwestern Mandarin Zh s t p X n n Gu nhu , also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin Zh s t p Sh ngji ng Gu nhu , is a primary branch of Mandarin Chinese spoken by Han Chinese people throughout many regions of central ... . Varieties of Southwestern Mandarin are spoken by roughly 200 million people. If removed from the larger Mandarin Chinese group, it would have the 6th most native speakers in the world, behind Mandarin ... Modern Southwestern Mandarin was formed by the waves of immigrants brought to the regions during ..., these dialects show more similarity to modern Standard Mandarin than to languages like Cantonese language Cantonese or Min Nan . For example, like most southern Chinese languages, Southwestern Mandarin does not possess the retroflex consonants zh, ch, sh, r of Standard Mandarin, but nor does it retain ... to reflect aspects of the Mandarin lingua franca spoken during the Ming Dynasty. ref Zhou ... may be more similar to Lower Yangtze Mandarin . ref Wang Qing , 2007. Consonants in Ming Dynasty Repopulation Area Dialects and Southern Mandarin , Chongqing Normal University Journal . ref Though part of the Mandarin language group, Southwestern Mandarin has many striking and pronounced differences with Standard Mandarin, such that until 1955 it was generally categorized alongside Cantonese and Wu Chinese as a group of non Mandarin dialects. ref Liu Xiaomei and Li Rulong , 2003. Special Vocabulary Research in Mandarin Dialects , Yuwen Yanjiu . ref Phonology Tones Most Southwestern Mandarin dialects have, like Standard Mandarin, only retained ... merged with the light level tone in most Southwestern dialects, while in Standard Mandarin it is seemingly ... more details
Chinese pic Mandarinrolls.jpg piccap classic white mandarin rolls c j faa1 gyun2 p hua1 juan3 l flower roll t2 s2 j2 wan4 si1 gyun2 p2 yun2 si1 juan3 l2 cloud silk roll Mandarin rolls or Steamed Mandarin rolls are a kind of steamed bun originating from China . The rolls are cooked by steaming. It is another one of the staples of Chinese cuisine which is similar to white bread in western cuisine. Because Southern varieties of mandarin rolls are slightly sweet, they can be eaten plain. Sometimes it is eaten with sweetened condensed milk . The rolls are made of wheat flour, water, sugar, soy bean oil, vegetable shortening, milk powder, salt, yeast and baking soda. ref Label on the package of mandarin rolls. ref See also Mantou References reflist Chinese bread China cuisine stub Category Chinese breads es Rollo mandar n ja zh ... more details
Superherobox Wikipedia WikiProject Comics image Image Mandrin1.jpg 250px caption The Mandarin. br Art by Robert De La Torre. comic color background ff8080 character name The Mandarin real name IOM alter ... background c0c0ff alliances Mandarin s Minions br Masters of Evil br Hand comics Hand br Tong organization ... martial artist br Ten rings grant Powers and abilities various powers . The Mandarin is a fiction ... http popurls.com view iron man s arch enemy the mandarin like you ve 50e3b82332b43091dc9e291c6f1b1718 ref ref http www.ironmanarmory.com IronManOrigin.html ref In 2009, Mandarin was ranked as IGN s 81st Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time. ref http comics.ign.com top 100 villains 81.html Mandarin is number 81 IGN . Retrieved 10 05 09. ref Publication history Expand section date April 2010 The Mandarin ... biography Origins The Mandarin s late father was one of the wealthiest men in Qing Dynasty pre revolutionary ... fortune was spent obsessively training the Mandarin in science and combat, with the result that he was completely broke upon reaching adulthood. Unable to pay the taxes on his ancestral home, the Mandarin ... him homeless, the Mandarin explored the forbidden Valley of Spirits, where no one had dared ... IV, who had come to Earth centuries ago and died. Over the following years, the Mandarin studied ... other things. The Mandarin then became a conqueror and subjugated the villages around the Valley, and, through ... . The Chinese, though fearing him, asked for his help, but he would not become subserviant to them. The Mandarin ... attempted to turn the weapons of various nations against them. Among the Mandarin s earliest schemes .... ref Tales of Suspense 50 ref Iron Man soon became the Mandarin s principal obstacle against ... 1964. Art by Jack Kirby . First appearance of the Mandarin . thumb left On three occasions in their early confrontations, the Mandarin managed to take Iron Man or his alter ego Tony Stark captive, but the Mandarin failed to kill him. Similarly, Iron Man thwarted the Mandarin s various schemes, but was unable ... more details
Taxobox name Mandarin Duck status LC status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref IUCN2009.1 assessors BirdLife ... Linnaeus Linnaeus , 1758 range map range map width range map caption The Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata , or just Mandarin , is a medium sized perching duck , closely related to the North America n Wood ... bill. ref The Wood Duck and the Mandarin The Northern Wood Ducks, by Lawton Shurtleff and Christopher Savage University of California Press, 1996. ISBN 0 520 20812 9 ref The Mandarin ducklings are almost ... can be distinguished from Mallard ducklings because the eye stripe of Mandarin ducklings and Wood ... needed date August 2011 Mutations There are various mutations of the Mandarin Duck found in captivity. The most common is the white Mandarin Duck. Although the origin of this mutation is unknown, it is presumed ... in Sonoma County, California. This population is the result of several mandarin ducks escaping from ... Unlike other species of ducks, most Mandarin drakes reunite with the hens they mated with along ... 8.jpg right thumb A female parent with ducklings in Richmond Park , London, England In the wild, Mandarin ... animals factsheet mandarin duck Mandarin Duck Fact Sheet, Lincoln Park Zoo ref They feed mainly near dawn or dusk, perching in trees or on the ground during the day. In Chinese culture Mandarin Ducks ... and yang wiktionary respectively stand for male and female Mandarin Ducks. In traditional Chinese culture, Mandarin Ducks represent a life time couple, unlike many other species of ducks. Hence ... and fidelity. A Chinese proverb for loving couples uses the Mandarin Duck as a metaphor Two mandarin ducks playing in water zh s t p yu n y ng x shu . The Mandarin Duck symbol is also used ... the male and female plumages of the Mandarin Duck are so unalike, yuan yang is frequently used ... Aix galericulata1.jpg Pair File Aix galericulata3.jpg Drake File Female Mandarin Duck 800.jpg Female File Aix galericulata Mandarinentenpaar.JPG Pair File Mandarin on snow.jpg Drake File Mandarin duckling ... more details
Infobox language name Singaporean Mandarin nativename lang zh region Singapore speakers 200,000 ref ref ethnologue cmn Mandarin ref date 1985 speakers2 880,000 Second language L2 speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin fam4 Beijing dialect fam5 Standard Mandarin iso3 notice IPA Life in Singapore Singaporean Mandarin zh s t p X nji p Hu y is a variety of Mandarin Chinese widely spoken in Singapore. It is one of the four ... language Tamil . Singapore Mandarin can be classified into two distinct Mandarin dialects, Standard Singaporean Mandarin and Colloquial Singaporean Mandarin . These two dialects are easily distinguishable to a person proficient in Mandarin. Standard Singaporean Mandarin is the register of Mandarin ... in all Singapore government schools while Colloquial Singaporean Mandarin Singdarin is the form used by the general populace, usually among those with poorer command of Mandarin and who are less exposed to Standard Mandarin . They tend to infuse the language with many words from other Chinese dialects, Malay and English. The official standard of Mandarin of Republic of Singapore , known in Singapore ... Chinese , is almost identical to the standard of Mandarin used in the People s Republic of China , known in there as P t nghu lang zh . Standard Singaporean Mandarin , which is usually heard on Singaporean Mandarin language TV and radio news broadcast, is generally similar to Putonghua in terms .... However, in terms of colloquial spoken Mandarin, Singaporean Mandarin is still subject to influence ... differences between colloquial Singaporean Mandarin and Putonghua . Colloquial Singaporean Mandarin bears the closest resemblance with Colloquial Malaysian Mandarin . Singaporean Mandarin ... Mandarin Campaign in 1979. It is today considered to be the second most commonly spoken language in Singapore ... and were able to speak Singaporean Mandarin. ref name Singapore Census 2000 citation url http ... more details
Infobox Language name Malaysian Mandarin nativename m l ix y hu y region Malaysia speakers About 6 millions familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Sinitic languages Sinitic fam3 Chinese languages Chinese fam4 Mandarin Chinese nation none agency flagicon MYS Chinese Language Standardisation Council of Malaysia iso3 cmn ChineseText Malaysian Mandarin zh t s p M l ix y Hu y is a variety of Mandarin Chinese spoken in Malaysia by ethnic Chinese in Malaysia. Malaysian Chinese tend to think that the Mandarin dialect Mandarin Chinese they speak is a variation of Standard Chinese Standard Mandarin Putonghua , however, since the difference can be as similar as British English and Malaysian English , it is a Mandarin dialect of its own right. Its closest cousin is not Standard Chinese Standard Mandarin , instead, its closest cousin is Singaporean Mandarin , the language was widely used in films like zh Tiger Woohoo 2010 , Namewee s Nasi Lemak 2.0 zh and movies created by Singaporean movie director Jack Neo . Malaysian Mandarin speakers seldom translate local terms or names to Mandarin when they speak. They would prefer to say Malay place name in its original Malay pronounciation, for instance, even though the street name Jalan Bukit Kepong is written as ... Mandarin, they always use its Mandarin pronounciation, t ip ng , instead of using its Malay pronounciation ... Mandarin, Malaysian Mandarin is clearly distinguished by its relatively tonally flat sound as well ... to other forms of Mandarin. Some Differences between Malaysian Mandarin and Putonghua Mandarin in China ... . Mandarin in Malaysia, too, has been localized, as a result of the influence of other Chinese variants ... . body , , . See also Malaysian Chinese Variants of Mandarin Chinese Standard Mandarin Singaporean Mandarin Taiwanese Mandarin Filipino Mandarin Regional differences in the Chinese ... Chinese language Category Mandarin Chinese Category Languages of Malaysia zh ... more details
refimprove date September 2010 Mandarin is a neighborhood located in the southern most portion of Jacksonville, Florida Jacksonville , in Duval County, Florida Duval County , Florida , United States . It is located on the eastern banks of the St. Johns River , across from Orange Park, Florida Orange Park . Mandarin was named after the Mandarin orange in 1830 by Calvin Reed, a prominent resident of the area . Once called a tropical paradise by author Harriett Beecher Stowe , the quaint area of Mandarin is marked by its history, ancient oak trees draped with Spanish moss, beautiful parks, marinas and more water views than any other area in Jacksonville. In the 19th century, Mandarin was a small farming village that shipped oranges, grapefruit, lemons and other fruits and vegetables to Jacksonville and points north on the steamships that traveled the St. Johns River. In 1864, the Union steamship, the Maple Leaf , hit a Confederate mine and sank just off Mandarin Point. Just a short drive south of Jacksonville s city center, the community is bordered by Beauclerc to the north, Julington Creek ... August 23, 2006 ref Honors A small chapel in Mandarin is dedicated to Harriet Beecher Stowe. Famous ... in Mandarin. Consumer advocate Joe Cury lived and worked in Mandarin. 20th century In 1968, the city ..., Mandarin ceased to exist as a political entity, and became part of the city of Jacksonville. In 1990, with the rapid growth of Mandarin, a new public high school was opened in the area. Several ... School , but the proposal did not receive widespread acceptance. The school was named Mandarin High School . Geography Mandarin is located at Coord 30.1603 81.6594 type city region US format dms display ... maps local duval Mandarin.htm Map of Mandarin, 1917 http www.upf.com book.asp?id STOWES99 Palmetto Leaves http www.mandarinmuseum.net Mandarin Museum & Historical Society Jacksonville Neighborhoods Category ... States places with Orthodox Jewish communities fr Mandarin Floride ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Infobox language name Shenyang dialect nativename familycolor Sino Tibetan states People s Republic of China China region Shenyang speakers fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin fam4 Northeastern Mandarin map mapcaption Shenyang Mandarin is a dialect of Northeastern Mandarin used by people in and around Shenyang , the capital of Liaoning province and the largest city in Northeast China . It is very close to Standard Chinese but has some notably distinctive words. Some people think of it as a strong accent rather than a distinct dialect. Because of its similarity to the standard language, pinyin can be used to represent the pronunciation. However, as schools in Shenyang teach only the standard language, usage of the dialect is dwindling. Image Pinyin Tone Chart.svg right thumb 150px Relative pitch changes of the four tones in Standard Chinese. Shenyang diverges the most with tone 1. The most distinctive aspect of the Shenyang dialect is the much lower pitch of the first tone than in Standard Chinese. It would be positioned at 2, rather than 5, on the chart at right. As a result it can sound rather like the third tone. Like Beijing dialect , Shenyang dialect is characterized by erhua . Some of the words in Shenyang dialect come from other languages like the Manchu language . One example is g l r corner . Examples of words in various Northeastern dialects note that these may not be specific to Shenyang class wikitable Northeastern Mandarin pinyin Standard Mandarin Meaning b g nt ngr Can t make it, Can t be on time b lin g r Knee , g da Place d se Show off l ob zi le A lot r r di Interjection for increasing speed m itai Filthy g h What are you doing? k chen pronounced kezhen Ugly Bad looking l o Very m l ng Dragonfly Category Mandarin Chinese ... more details
about the carnivorous freshwater fish also known as the Chinese perch the saltwater aquarium fish also known as the mandarin goby mandarinfish Taxobox name Mandarin fish image image width 200px regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Actinopterygii ordo Perciformes familia Percichthyidae genus Siniperca species S. chuatsi binomial Siniperca chuatsi binomial authority Basilewsky, 1855 The mandarin fish or Chinese perch Siniperca chuatsi is a freshwater fish that lives in China. Its back is yellow, green or brown with many irregular black spots and patches. It has a big mouth and small round scales. Mandarin fish live in still water and move to deep water in winter. It should not be confused with the unrelated saltwater mandarinfish . The mandarin fish is very popular as food in China. Its name appears in many Chinese poems and books. References ITIS id 641911 taxon Siniperca chuatsi accessdate 24 January 2006 cite web url http www.fao.org figis servlet static?dom culturespecies&xml Siniperca chuatsi.xml title culturespecies Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme Siniperca chuatsi 1 publisher Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations accessdate 2006 08 01 External links FishBase species genus Siniperca species chuatsi year 2004 month October http www.fishbase.se NomenClature ScientificNameSearchList.php?crit1 fieldname SYNONYMS.SynGenus&crit1 fieldtype CHAR&crit1 operator EQUAL&crit1 value Siniperca&crit2 fieldname SYNONYMS.SynSpecies&crit2 fieldtype CHAR&crit2 operator contains&crit2 value &group summary&backstep 2 Fishbase Genus Siniperca DEFAULTSORT Mandarin Fish Category Percichthyidae Perciformes stub fr Perche chinoise ja ru zh ... more details
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