Lactate may refer to The act of lactation The complementary base of lactic acid disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
The lactate racemase enzyme EC number 5.1.2.1 is involved in pyruvate metabolism . It is classified under ... which produce D and L lactic acid lactate , including Lactobacillus sakei , Lactobacillus curvatus ... Lactate racemization as a rescue pathway for supplying D lactate to the cell wall biosynthesis ... pmc 1251571 ref Structure and Properties The molecular weight of lactate racemase Lar differs ... of Lactate racemase EC Number 5.1.2.1 accessdate 2007 06 03 ref One molecule of the enzyme contains ... and properties of lactate racemase from Lactobacillus sake journal J. Biochem. volume 64 issue 1 ..., and the N terminal sequence has not been determined. Enzyme Activity Lactate racemase catalyzes the inter conversion of S and R lactate . , as shown below sup 1 sup Image removed sup 1 sup In many of the species it is found in, the enzyme acts on the substrate D lactate and produces L lactate . There are a few exceptions, such as Lactobacillus plantarum , in which L lactate is the substrate and D lactate is produced. ref name brenda In C. beijerinckii , evidence exists that lactate racemase ... Lactate racemase. Direct evidence for an alpha carbonyl intermediate journal Biochemistry volume 13 issue 2 pages 287 91 year 1974 pmid 4810054 doi 10.1021 bi00699a009 ref Lactate racemase, when purified from L. sake , did not require any cofactors and did not display any lactate dehydrogenase activity ... existed. ref name Hiyama In L. plantarum , L lactate is initially produced, which induces the activity of lactate racemase. Lactate racemase is only expressed in the presence of L lactate. When the activity of the enzyme is induced by such a presence, D lactate can be produced. ref name Goffin Ultimately .... In this species, lactate racemase activity is repressed by D lactate. The activity of the lar operon appears to be positively regulated by L lactate. Therefore, Lar activity appears to be regulated by the ratio of L lactate D lactate. The six gene operon the lar operon identified in L. plantarum ... more details
enzyme Name lactate aldolase EC number 4.1.2.36 CAS number 110777 33 8 IUBMB EC number 4 1 2 36 GO code 0050041 image width caption In enzymology , a lactate aldolase EC number 4.1.2.36 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate math rightleftharpoons math formate acetaldehyde Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , S lactate , and two product chemistry products , formate and acetaldehyde . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the aldehyde lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S lactate acetaldehyde lyase formate forming . Other names in common use include lactate synthase , and S lactate acetaldehyde lyase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Gulyi MF, Silonova NV date 1987 title Various metabolic reactions of formate in animal tissues journal Ukr. Biokhim. Zh. volume 59 pages 29&ndash 35 pmid 3629727 issue 4 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name lactate 2 monooxygenase EC number 1.13.12.4 CAS number 9028 72 2 IUBMB EC number 1 13 12 4 GO code 0050040 image width caption In enzymology , a lactate 2 monooxygenase EC number 1.13.12.4 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math acetate CO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub O Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S lactate and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are acetate , carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub , and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on single donors with O sub 2 sub as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate oxygenases . The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O with incorporation of one atom of oxygen internal monooxygenases o internal mixed function oxidases . The systematic name of this enzyme class is S lactate oxygen 2 oxidoreductase decarboxylating . Other names in common use include lactate oxidative decarboxylase , lactate oxidase , lactic oxygenase , lactate oxygenase , lactic oxidase , L lactate monooxygenase , lactate monooxygenase , and L lactate 2 monooxygenase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , FMN . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 2DU2 . References reflist 1 cite journal author Hayaishi O and Sutton WB date 1957 title Enzymatic oxygen fixation into acetate concomitant with the enzymatic decarboxylation of L lactate journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. volume 79 issue 17 pages 4809&ndash 4810 doi 10.1021 ja01574a060 cite journal author SUTTON WB date 1957 title Mechanism of action and crystallization of lactic oxidative decarboxylase from Mycobacterium phlei journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 226 pages 395&ndash 405 pmid 13428772 issue ... more details
chembox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 402114675 Name Ethyl small L small lactate ImageFile Ethyl L lactate.png ImageSize 200px ImageName Ethyl small L small lactate IUPACName Ethyl R 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Ethyl lactate Lactic acid ethyl ester 2 Hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester Actylol Acytol Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES CCOC O C C O ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 13837423 InChI 1 C5H10O3 c1 3 8 5 7 4 2 6 h4,6H,3H2,1 2H3 InChIKey LZCLXQDLBQLTDK UHFFFAOYAV StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C5H10O3 c1 3 8 5 7 4 2 6 h4,6H,3H2,1 2H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey LZCLXQDLBQLTDK UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 687 47 8 CASNo Comment small L small isomer CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo1 97 64 3 CASNo ... C Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Lactic acid Ethyl lactate , also known as lactic acid ethyl ester ... is considered biodegradable and can be used as a water rinsible degreaser. Ethyl lactate is found ... fruit s. The odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, butter y, cream y, with hints of fruit and coconut . Ethyl lactate is produced from biological sources, and can be either the levo S form or dextro ... ethyl lactate is ethyl small L small lactate. Ethyl lactate is also produced industrially from petrochemical stocks, and this ethyl lactate consists of the racemic mixture of levo and dextro forms ... of solvents. Because both enantiomers are found in nature, and because ethyl lactate is easily biodegradable, it is considered to be a green solvent. Due to its relatively low toxicity, ethyl lactate ... and Applied Nutrition ref and perfume fragrances . Ethyl lactate is also used as solvent for nitrocellulose ... W. Flick. 5th Edition. William Andrew Inc., 1998. ISBN 0815514131, 9780815514138 ref Ethyl lactate hydrolysis ... acid and ethanol . Ethyl lactate can be used as a cosolvent to produce suitable conditions for the formation ... Ethyl lactate as a tunable solvent for the synthesis of aryl aldimines journal Green Chem. year ... more details
align right border 1 cellspacing 0 cellpadding 3 style float right clear right margin 0 0 0 0.5em background FFFFFF border collapse collapse border color C0C090 chembox header Potassium lactate Common name potassium lactate Systematic name potassium 2 hydroxypropanoate Chemical formula KC sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub For the locomotive, see FS Class E326 Potassium lactate is a Compound chemistry compound with formula KC sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub , or H3C CHOH COOK. It is the potassium salt of lactic acid . It is produced by neutralizing lactic acid which is fermented from a sugar source. It has E number E326 . Potassium lactate is a liquid product that is usually 60 solids but is available at up to 78 solids. ref PURASAL HiPure P Plus. http www.purac.com ufc file2 purac sites lovettj 51c829ab71f6e53114953b9442e3302c pu HiPure P Plus A4.pdf ref Potassium lactate is commonly used in meat and poultry products to extend shelf life and increase food safety as it has a broad antimicrobial action and is effective at inhibiting most spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. ref Meat and Poultry. http www.purac.com purac com df1559407aa530096e3ecae76ebdae24.php ref Potassium lactate is also used as an extinguishing media in the First Alert Tundra fire extinguishers. ref MSDS for First Alert Tundra http www.firstalert.com pdfs 2010 02 25 3f59f99c.pdf ref References reflist organic compound stub Category Lactates ... more details
, K. Hasegawa year 2006 title The Effect of Adding Calcium Lactate to Xylitol Chewing Gum on remineralization ... year 2000 title Comparison of calcium chloride and calcium lactate effectiveness in maintaining shelf ... more details
Chembox ImageFile Ammonium lactate.svg ImageName Structural formulae of the constituent ions ImageFileL1 Lactate 3D balls.png ImageSizeL1 130px ImageNameL1 Ball and stick model of the lactate anion ImageFileR1 Ammonium 3D balls.png ImageSizeR1 80px ImageNameR1 Ball and stick model of the ammonium cation IUPACName azanium 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Ammonium lactate br Lac hydrin Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo PubChem ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 1200747 SMILES CC C O O O. NH4 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 3 sub H sub 9 sub O sub 3 sub N MolarMass 107.06 g mol ExactMass 107.058243 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Ammonium lactate is a Compound chemistry compound with formula NH sub 4 sub C sub 2 sub H sub 4 sub OH COO . It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid . It has E number E328 . organic compound stub Category Lactates Category Ammonium compounds it Ammonio lattato ru ... more details
FixBunching beg enzyme Name Lactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.27 CAS number 9001 60 9 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 27 GO code 0004459 image width caption FixBunching mid protein Name LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A br subunit M caption Human lactate dehydrogenase M sub 4 sub the isozyme found in skeletal muscle . From PDB 1I10 . image Lactate dehydrogenase M4 muscle 1I10.png width HGNCid 6535 Symbol LDHA ... 11 Arm p Band 15.4 LocusSupplementaryData FixBunching mid protein Name lactate dehydrogenase ... FixBunching mid protein Name lactate dehydrogenase C caption image width HGNCid 6544 ... Chromosome 11 Arm p Band 15.5 15.3 LocusSupplementaryData FixBunching end Lactate dehydrogenase ... and animals. Lactate dehydrogenases exist in four distinct enzyme classes. Two of them are cytochrome c dependent enzymes with each acting on either D lactate D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC 1.1.2.4 or L lactate L lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC 1.1.2.3 . The other two are NAD P dependent enzymes with each acting on either D lactate EC 1.1.1.28 or L lactate EC 1.1.1.27 . This article is about the NAD P dependent L lactate dehydrogenase. Reactions Image LDH reaction.png left thumb 355px Catalytic function of LDH Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactic acid lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup . It converts pyruvate, the final product of glycolysis to lactate when oxygen is absent or in short ... concentrations of lactate, the enzyme exhibits feedback inhibition and the rate of conversion of pyruvate to lactate is decreased. It also catalyzes the dehydrogenation of 2 Hydroxybutyrate , but it is a much poorer substrate than lactate. There is little to no activity with beta hydroxybutyrate . Enzyme isoforms Functional lactate dehydrogenase are homo or hetero tetramers composed of M and H protein ... High levels of lactate dehydrogenase in cerebrospinal fluid are often associated with bacterium ... more details
additive , sodium lactate has the E number E325 and naturally is a liquid product, but also is available in powder form. As early as 1836, sodium lactate was recognized as a salt of a weak acid rather than being a base, and it was then known that the lactate had to be metabolized in the liver ... ref Usage Sodium lactate has a mild saline taste and is commonly used in meat and poultry products to extend ... lactate commonly is used to treat arrhythmias caused by overdosing of class I antiarrythmics , as well ... lactate need not be restricted by someone avoiding milk or those with a milk allergy. ref name ... lactate ref In general, lactates such as sodium, calcium lactate calcium , and potassium lactate potassium lactate are salts derived from the neutralization of lactic acid and most commercially ... corn or beets may contain milk, ref name Silberberg sodium lactate does not contain milk protein and need ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 402892778 ImageFile zirconium lactate.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName OtherNames Zirconium IV lactate Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 2308157 InChI 1 4C3H5O3.Zr c4 1 2 4 3 5 6 h4 2H,1H3, H,5,6 q4 1 4 InChIKey JVIFSUQNYWNEHY UHFFFAOYAJ StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S 4C3H5O3.Zr c4 1 2 4 3 5 6 h4 2H,1H3, H,5,6 q4 1 4 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey JVIFSUQNYWNEHY UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 60676 90 6 PubChem 3045418 SMILES Zr 4 .O C O C O C. O C C O O C. O C C O O C. O C C O O C Section2 Chembox Properties C 12 H 20 O 12 Zr 1 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Zirconium lactate is the zirconium salt chemistry salt of lactic acid . It is used in some deodorant s, but it is suspected of causing zirconium granuloma s a form of skin irritation in a small number of users. ref citation author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 page 46 ref Otherwise, it is considered to be non toxic rat oral LD50 10 g kg . ref citation author Brown, J. R. Mastromatteo, E. Horwood, J. year 1963 title Zirconium lactate and barium zirconate. Acute toxicity and inhalation effects in experimental animals journal Am. Ind. Hygiene Assoc. J. volume 24 pages 131 366 pmid 14015998 ref It is also used in the petroleum industry as a Cross link cross linking agent to prepare gel s for Fracture fracturing fluids, fluids which are pumped into an Petroleum reservoir oil bearing rock formation to cause cracks in the rock and so to allow the oil to be extracted. ref name patent citation author Dawson, Jeffrey C. Le Hoang, Van title Gelation Additive for Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids journal International Patent Application volume WO9633966 date 31 October 1996 ref It may ... more details
Drugbox IUPAC name magnesium 2 hydroxypropanoate image magnesium lactate.png CAS number 18917 93 6 EINECS 242 671 4 ATC prefix A12 ATC suffix CC06 PubChem 11969531 DrugBank chemical formula C sub 6 sub H sub 10 sub MgO sub 6 sub molecular weight 202.45 g mol bioavailability protein bound metabolism 256.4 g mol elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Magnesium lactate , the magnesium salt chemistry salt of lactic acid , is a Dietary mineral mineral supplement . Added to some food and beverages as an acidity regulator and labeled as E number E329 . Mineral supplements Category Magnesium compounds Category Lactates gastrointestinal drug stub ... more details
Drugbox verifiedrevid 399921330 IUPAC name 7 ethoxyacridine 3,9 diamine 2 hydroxypropanoic acid image Ethacridinlactat.svg alt ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 15012 InChI 1 C15H15N3O.C3H6O3 c1 2 19 10 4 6 13 12 8 10 15 17 11 5 3 9 16 7 14 11 18 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h3 8H,2,16H2,1H3, H2,17,18 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 InChIKey IYLLULUTZPKQBW UHFFFAOYAM smiles O C O C O C.O c2ccc1nc3c c c1c2 N ccc c3 N CC ChEMBL 582355 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C15H15N3O.C3H6O3 c1 2 19 10 4 6 13 12 8 10 15 17 11 5 3 9 16 7 14 11 18 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h3 8H,2,16H2,1H3, H2,17,18 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey IYLLULUTZPKQBW UHFFFAOYSA N CAS number 442 16 0 ATCvet ATC prefix none if uncategorised ATC suffix PubChem 15789 DrugBank KEGG D01248 C 18 H 21 N 3 O 4 molecular weight 343.37 bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Ethacridine lactate ethacridine monolactate monohydrate, acrinol , trade name Rivanol is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine . Its formal name is 2 ethoxy 6,9 diaminoacridine monolactate monohydrate. It forms orange yellow crystals with a melting point of 226 C and it has a stinging smell. Its primary use is as an antiseptic in solutions of 0.1 . Ethacridine is also used as an agent for second trimester abortion. Up to 150 ml of a 0.1 solution is instilled extra amniotically using a foley catheter . After 20 to 40 hours, mini labor ensues. In China, an intra amniotic method has also been used. Ethacridine as an abortifacient is found to be safer and better tolerated than 20 hypertonic saline. References Obstetrics & Gynecology 1983 61 733 ... more details
enzyme Name 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.111 CAS number 37250 42 3 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 111 GO code 0019155 image width caption In enzymology , a 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.111 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate NAD P math rightleftharpoons math 3 imidazol 5 yl pyruvate NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are 3 imidazol 5 yl pyruvate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate NAD P oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called imidazol 5 yl lactate dehydrogenase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Coote JG, Hassall H date 1969 title The role of imidazol 5 yl lactate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidoreductase and histidine 2 oxoglutarate aminotransferase in the degradation of imidazol 5 yl lactate by Pseudomonas acidovorans journal Biochem. J. volume 111 pages 237&ndash 9 pmid 4303364 issue 2 pmc 1187811 cite journal author Cortese R, Brevet J, Hedegaard J, Roche J date 1968 title Identification and purification of an alpha ketoacid aromatic reductase of Escherichia coli B journal C. R. Seances. Soc. Biol. Fil. volume 162 pages 390&ndash 5 pmid 4237631 issue 2 1.1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it 3 imidazolo 5 il lattato deidrogenasi ja 3 5 ... more details
enzyme Name lactate malate transhydrogenase EC number 1.1.99.7 CAS number 9077 15 0 IUBMB EC number 1 1 99 7 GO code 0050042 image width caption In enzymology , a lactate malate transhydrogenase EC number 1.1.99.7 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate oxaloacetate math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate malate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S lactate and oxaloacetate , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and malate . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S lactate oxaloacetate oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called malate lactate transhydrogenase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , nicotinamide D ribonucleotide . References reflist 1 Further reading refbegin cite journal author Allen SH date 1966 title The isolation and characterization of malate lactate transhydrogenase from Micrococcus lactilyticus journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 241 pages 5266&ndash 75 pmid 4289051 issue 22 cite journal author Allen SH, Patil JR date 1972 title Studies on the structure and mechanism of action of the malate lactate transhydrogenase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 247 pages 909&ndash 16 pmid 4333516 issue 3 refend 1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.99 Category Nicotinamide enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Lattato malato transidrogenasi ja ... more details
chembox ImageFile Ferrous lactate.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName Ferrous 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Iron dilactate br Iron II lactate br E585 Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID 20839 InChI1 1 2C3H6O3.Fe c2 1 2 4 3 5 6 h2 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 2 p 2 InChIKey1 DKKCQDROTDCQOR NUQVWONBAL CASNo 5905 52 2 PubChem 22197 SMILES Fe 2 . O C O C O C. O C O C O C Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 10 sub FeO sub 6 sub MolarMass 233.99 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Ferrous lactate , or iron II lactate , is a chemical compound consisting of one atom of iron Fe sup 2 sup and two lactic acid lactate anions . It has the chemical formula Fe C sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub sub 2 sub . It is used as a food additive with E number E585. It is an acidity regulator and colour retention agent , and is also used to food fortification fortify foods with iron. Category Food additives Category Iron compounds organic compound stub hu Vas lakt t vi S t II lactat ... more details
enzyme Name D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.4 CAS number 37250 79 6 IUBMB EC number 1 1 2 4 GO code 0004458 image width caption In enzymology , a D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.4 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction R lactate 2 ferricytochrome c math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate 2 ferrocytochrome c Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are R lactate and ferricytochrome c , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and ferrocytochrome c . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with a cytochrome as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is R lactate ferricytochrome c 2 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include lactic acid dehydrogenase , D lactate cytochrome dehydrogenase , cytochrome dependent D lactate dehydrogenase , D lactate cytochrome c reductase , and D lactic cytochrome c reductase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , FAD . This type of enzyme has been characterized in animals, fungi, bacteria and recently in plants ref cite journal url http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6T1S 4FV40TJ 1& user 10& rdoc 1& fmt & orig search& sort d& docanchor &view c& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 5ba860db6f0499628ce76246a7d07d28 author Atlante, A., de Bari, L., Valenti, D., Pizzuto, R., Paventi, G., and Passarella, S. title Transport and metabolism of D lactate in Jerusalem artichoke mitochondria journal . Biochim. Biophys. Acta, volume 1708 pages 13 22 year 2005 pmid 15949980 doi 10.1016 j.bbabio.2005.03.003 issue 1 ref ref cite journal url http www.jbc.org cgi reprint M109.021253v1?view long&pmid 19586914 author Martin Engqvist, Maria Fabiana Drincovich, Ulf Ingo Fl gge, and Veronica ... cite journal author Nygaard AP year 1961 title D Lactate cytochrome c reductase, a flavoprotein ... more details
cleanup date July 2008 Lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus LDV is a virus that swiftly multiplies without potentially harming the host. LDV does slightly harm the immune system, causing it to be less efficient. Tests on mice show that LDV is more commonly found in the liver , spleen , lymph node s, and the skin. LDV usually lasts about 3 days after multiplying, from there small amounts can be found in the lymph nodes, liver, and the spleen for around 90 days. ref cite web url http jvi.asm.org cgi content abstract 69 8 5177 title Lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus replication persists in liver, spleen, lymph node, and testis tissues and results in accumulation of viral RNA in germinal centers, concomitant with polyclonal activation of B cells last Virol first J. coauthors American Society for Microbiology month August year 1995 publisher American Society for Microbiology accessdate 2008 07 13 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus Category Viruses Virus stub ... more details
enzyme Name L lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.3 CAS number 9078 32 4 IUBMB EC number 1 1 2 3 GO code 0004460 image width caption In enzymology , a L lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.3 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate 2 ferricytochrome c math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate 2 ferrocytochrome c Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S lactate and ferricytochrome c , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and ferrocytochrome c . References reflist Further reading refbegin cite journal author Appleby CA, Morton RK title Lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome b2 of baker s yeast purification and crystallization journal Biochem. J. volume 71 issue 3 pages 492 9 year 1959 month March pmid 13638255 pmc 1196822 doi url issn cite journal author Appleby CA, Morton RK title Lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome b2 of baker s yeast. Enzymic and chemical properties of the crystalline enzyme journal Biochem. J. volume 73 issue pages 539 50 year 1959 month November pmid 13793977 pmc 1197094 doi url issn cite journal author Bach SJ, Dixon M, Zerfas LG title Yeast lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome b 2 journal Biochem. J. volume 40 issue 2 pages 229 39 year 1946 pmid 16747991 pmc 1258326 doi url issn refend 1.1 enzyme stub Alcohol oxidoreductases Category EC 1.1.2 Category Flavin enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Chembox verifiedrevid 399702828 ImageFile Calcium lactate gluconate.svg ImageSize IUPACName calcium 2 hydroxypropanoate 2R,3S,4R,5R 2,3,4,5,6 pentahydroxyhexanoate OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 83274 InChI 1 C6H12O7.C3H6O3.Ca c7 1 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h2 5,7 11H,1H2, H,12,13 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 2 p 2 t2 ,3 ,4 ,5 m1.. s1 InChIKey PWKNEBQRTUXXLT DAEZFGRIBL StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C6H12O7.C3H6O3.Ca c7 1 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h2 5,7 11H,1H2, H,12,13 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 2 p 2 t2 ,3 ,4 ,5 m1.. s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey PWKNEBQRTUXXLT ZBHRUSISSA L CASNo 11116 97 5 PubChem 92237 SMILES Ca 2 . O C O C O C. O C O C H O C H O C H O C H O CO Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 9 sub H sub 16 sub CaO sub 10 sub MolarMass 324.295 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Calcium lactate gluconate also known as GLOCAL is a soluble salt of calcium , lactic acid and gluconic acid often used in effervescent calcium tablets. Its chemical formula is Ca sub 5 sub C sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub sub 6 sub . C sub 6 sub H sub 11 sub O sub 7 sub sub 4 sub .2H sub 2 sub O. It was first developed by Sandoz , Switzerland . Calcium lactate gluconate is currently a premium salt in the rapidly growing functional and fortified food industry due to its excellent solubility and neutral taste. Calcium lactate gluconate can be used to help neutralize HF hydrofluoric acid poisoning. Mineral supplements DEFAULTSORT Calcium Lactate Gluconate Category Calcium compounds Category Lactates Category Gluconates Organic compound stub ar de Calciumlactatgluconat vi Canxi lactat gluconat ... more details
enzyme Name D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome c 553 EC number 1.1.2.5 CAS number 37250 79 6 IUBMB EC number 1 1 2 5 GO code 0047051 image width caption In enzymology , a D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome c 553 EC number 1.1.2.5 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction R lactate 2 ferricytochrome c 553 math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate 2 ferrocytochrome c 553 Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are R lactate and ferricytochrome c 553 , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and ferrocytochrome c 553 . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with a cytochrome as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is R lactate ferricytochrome c 553 2 oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ogata M, Arihara K and Yagi T date Tokyo title D Lactate dehydrogenase of Desulfovibrio vulgaris journal J. volume Biochem. pages 1423&ndash 1431 1.1 enzyme stub Alcohol oxidoreductases Category EC 1.1.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it D lattato deidrogenasi citocromo c 553 ja D c 553 ... more details
enzyme Name R 4 hydroxyphenyllactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.222 CAS number 101754 02 3 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 222 GO code 0047029 image width caption In enzymology , a R 4 hydroxyphenyllactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.222 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction R 3 4 hydroxyphenyl lactate NAD P math rightleftharpoons math 3 4 hydroxyphenyl pyruvate NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are R 3 4 hydroxyphenyl lactate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are 3 4 hydroxyphenyl pyruvate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is R 3 4 hydroxyphenyl lactate NAD P 2 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include R aromatic lactate dehydrogenase , and D hydrogenase, D aryllactate . This enzyme participates in tyrosine and phenylalanine catabolism. References reflist 1 cite journal author Bode R, Lippoldt A and Birnbaum D date 1986 title Purification and properties of D aromatic lactate dehydrogenase an enzyme involved in the catabolism of the aromatic amino acids of Candida maltosa journal Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen volume 181 pages 189&ndash 198 cite journal author Leelayoova S, Marbury D, Rainey PM, Mackenzie NE, Hall JE title In vitro tryptophan catabolism by Leishmania donovani donovani promastigotes journal J. Protozool. volume 39 issue 2 pages 350 8 year 1992 pmid 1578411 Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it R 4 idrossifenillattato deidrogenasi ja R 4 1.1.1 enzyme stub ... more details
PBB geneid 3939 Lactate dehydrogenase A , also known as LDHA , is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the LDHA gene . ref name pmid3000353 cite journal author Chung FZ, Tsujibo H, Bhattacharyya U, Sharief FS, LI SS title Genomic organization of human lactate dehydrogenase A gene journal Biochem. J ... Function Lactate dehydrogenase A catalyzes the conversion of L lactic acid lactate and Nicotinamide ... biochemistry anaerobic glycolysis . LDHA is found predominantly in muscle tissue and belongs to the lactate ... name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... title Gene expression in lactate dehydrogenase A subunit deficiency journal Rinsho Shinkeigaku volume ... M, et al. title Molecular analysis of genetic mutation in electrophoretic variant of human lactate ... lactate dehydrogenase A M deficiency using DNA conformation polymorphism in combination with polyacrylamide ... M, Sudo K, Li SS, Kanno T title Genotypic analysis of families with lactate dehydrogenase A M ... T, Li SS title Molecular characterization of genetic mutation in human lactate dehydrogenase A M deficiency ... Centrosomal proteins and lactate dehydrogenase possess a common epitope in human cell lines. journal ... organization of human lactate dehydrogenase A gene. journal Biochem. J. volume 231 issue 3 pages ... Nucleotide sequences of the cDNA and an intronless pseudogene for human lactate dehydrogenase A isozyme ... 1033.1985.tb08711.x cite journal author Glass RD, Doyle D title Genetic control of lactate dehydrogenase ... al. title Fast type electrophoretic variant of lactate dehydrogenase M A and comparison with other missense mutations in lactate dehydrogenase M A and H B genes. journal Clin. Chem. volume 40 issue 4 ... in human lactate dehydrogenase A deficiency. journal Neurology volume 43 issue 7 pages 1414 .... title Structural basis for altered activity of M and H isozyme forms of human lactate dehydrogenase ... cite journal author Pioli PA, Hamilton BJ, Connolly JE, et al. title Lactate dehydrogenase is an AU ... more details
enzyme Name rosmarinate synthase EC number 2.3.1.140 CAS number 117590 80 4 IUBMB EC number 2 3 1 140 GO code 0050266 image width caption In enzymology , a rosmarinate synthase EC number 2.3.1.140 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction caffeoyl CoA 3 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl lactate math rightleftharpoons math CoA rosmarinate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are caffeoyl CoA and 3 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl lactate , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and rosmarinate . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferase s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is caffeoyl CoA 3 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl lactate 2 O caffeoyl transferase . Other names in common use include rosmarinic acid synthase , caffeoyl coenzyme A 3,4 dihydroxyphenyllactic acid , caffeoyltransferase , and 4 coumaroyl CoA 4 hydroxyphenyllactic acid 4 coumaroyl transferase . This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Petersen M and Alfermann AW date 1988 title Two new enzymes of rosmarinic acid biosynthesis from cell cultures of Coleus blumei hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase and rosmarinic acid synthase journal Z. Naturforsch. C Biosci. volume 43 pages 501&ndash 504 transferase stub Category EC 2.3.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Rosmarinato sintasi ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Veillonella image caption regnum Bacterium Bacteria divisio Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridia les familia Veillonellaceae genus Veillonella Veillonella are Gram negative bacteria gram negative anaerobic organism anaerobic coccus cocci . This bacterium is well known for its lactic acid lactate fermenting abilities. They are a normal bacterium in the intestines and oral mucosa of mammals. In humans they have been rarely implicated in cases of osteomyelitis and endocarditis , for example with the species Veillonella parvula . Fermentation Fermentation of lactate to propionate and acetate is by the methylmalonyl CoA pathway. Little Adenosine triphosphate ATP is produced in this fermentation. High substrate affinity is suggested to be the reason. Lactate acetate 2 propionate CO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub O References cite journal author Brook I title Veillonella infections in children journal J. Clin. Microbiol. volume 34 issue 5 pages 1283 5 year 1996 month May pmid 8727920 pmc 228999 doi url http jcm.asm.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 8727920 Category Clostridia bacteria stub ... more details
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