Intonation may refer to Intonation linguistics , the variation of tone used when speaking Intonation music , a musician s realization of pitch accuracy, or the pitch accuracy of a musical instrument Intonation Music Festival , held in Chicago disambig cs Intonace de Intonation fr Intonation he nl Intonatie pl Intonacja ru sk Inton cia sv Intonation uk ... more details
distinguish inflection tone linguistics pitch accent In linguistics , intonation is variation of pitch music pitch while speaking which is not used to distinguish words. Compare tone linguistics tone . Intonation ... . All languages use pitch pragmatically, that is, as intonation, for instance for emphasis, to convey ... and Hausa language Hausa use pitch to distinguish words in addition to intonation. Generally speaking, we can identify the following intonations Rising Intonation means the pitch of the voice increases over time IPA Falling Intonation means that the pitch decreases with time IPA Dipping Intonation falls and then rises IPA Peaking Intonation rises and then falls IPA . The classic example of intonation ... , like very many languages, ref name Hirst Hirst, D.J. & Di Cristo, A. eds 1998. Intonation Systems ... ISBN 052139550X Paperback . ref has a rising intonation for echo or declarative questions He found it on the street? , and a falling intonation for wh questions Where did he find it? and statements He ..., J. eds. Regional Variation in Intonation . Linguistische Arbeiten, Tuebingen, Niemeyer, pp ... impaired ability to discriminate, identify and imitate the intonation of the final words in sentences. ref Liu F, Patel AD, Fourcin A, Stewart L. 2010 . Intonation processing in congenital amusia discrimination ... ref Transcription In the International Phonetic Alphabet , global rising and falling intonation ... questions, there is a rising intonation on the question word, and a falling intonation at the end of the question. More detailed transcription systems for intonation have also been developed, such as ToBI Tones and Break Indices , RaP Rhythm and Pitch , and INTSINT ref name Hirst . Lexicalized intonation English intonation may become semi lexicalized in common expressions such as dunno I don t know ... and is therefore contrastive intonation rather than true lexical tone. See also Prosody ... Intonation linguistics .ogg 2006 01 26 Suprasegmentals ling stub Category Linguistics Category Phonetics ... more details
Intonation , in music , is a musician s realization of pitch music pitch accuracy, or the pitch accuracy of a musical instrument. Intonation may be flat music flat , sharp music sharp , or both, successively .... Strings With fret less string instruments such as violins, intonation depends on the musician pressing with their fingers at the exact spot on the instrument s fingerboard. Fretted instrument intonation Several factors affect fretted instrument intonation, including depth of the string slots in the nut ... bridge simply by carefully changing its position until the intonation is correct. Adjusting intonation ... point. Another cause of poor intonation on a fretted instrument is that the maker didn t cut ... the interval of a tritone on a slide length of over 80 centimeters. Intonation sensitivity Intonation sensitivity is determined by how the preference for a chord music chord varies with the musical ... formed by pitches in the ratios 3 5 7 has a very similar pattern of intonation sensitivity to the just ... musicology it is used for the purposes the Boris Asafiev s concept of the intonation nature of music. This concept looks at intonation , intonatsia as a basis of musical expression, and relates it to the peculiarities of different national or personal styles. The basis of the intonation ... Asafiev Asafiev . Sources reflist External links Konrad Schwingenstein Intonation of stringed instruments ... Pegley Censored Musical Messages , http www.chass.utoronto.ca epc srb srb censored.html N Mahoney Intonation on the Classical Guitar , http www.classical guitars plus.co.uk guitar info 784 Intonation http information.hostei.com guitar tuning.html Guitar intonation tuning method. See also Musical tuning Instrument tunings Category Pitch music bg da Intonation de Intonation Musik es Entonaci n m sica eo Intonacio fr Intonation musicale it Intonazione he nl Intonatie muziek simple Intonation music sv Intonation musik tg ... more details
Play . In music, just intonation sometimes abbreviated as JI is any musical tuning in which ... said to be justly tuned. Just intonation can be contrasted and compared with equal temperament ... A Major Scale, Triads, and Fifths Just.ogg Just intonation An A major scale, followed by three major triads, and then a progression of fifths in just intonation. audio A Major Scale, Triads, and Fifths ... intonation compared A pair of major thirds, followed by a pair of full major chords. The first in each pair is in equal temperament the second is in just intonation. Piano sound. audio A major triad equal temperament compared to just intonation 6 2008C.ogg Equal temperament and just intonation ... is in just intonation. The pair of chords is repeated with a transition from equal temperament to just ... beating can be heard at about 4 hertz hz and about 0.8 Hz. In the just intonation triad this roughness ... intonation, where one of the 12 fifths is almost a wolf, and was solved only with the development ... just intonation. The Guqin has a musical scale based on harmonic overtone positions. The dots on its ... in musical training, musicians often approach just intonation either by accident or design because ... groups that depend on close harmonies, such as barbershop quartet s, usually use just intonation by design. Bagpipes , tuned correctly, also use just intonation. There are several conventionally used instruments which, while not associated specifically with just intonation, can handle it quite ... tuning It is possible to tune the familiar diatonic scale or chromatic scale in just intonation in many ... the prime numbers 2, 3, and 5 known as 5 limit just intonation s 16 15 Semitone t 10 9 Minor ... flattening the fifth by about 5.37657 cents with respect to its just intonation. Unfortunately, as a consequence ... is based on a just ratio 5 4 , it cannot be considered a just intonation system, because most of its ... western music, but in Indian music they are irrelevant. Some accounts of Indian intonation system ... more details
Melodic Intonation Therapy MIT is a therapeutic process used by music therapists and speech pathologists to help patients with communication disorders caused by brain damage . This method uses a style of singing called melodic Intonation music intonation to stimulate activity in the right hemisphere of the brain in order to assist in speech production http www.musictherapyworld.de modules archive dissertations pdfs MA DC.pdf Carroll 1996 . History Neurological researchers Sparks, Helm, and Albert developed melodic intonation therapy in 1973 while working with adults in the Aphasia Research Unit ... phrases emulating typical speech intonation and rhythmic patterns Davis et al. 1999, Marshal ... up language processing responsibilities Schlaug, 2009 . Who Benefits from Melodic Intonation Therapy The majority of research in melodic intonation therapy has been conducted with aphasia patients ... bridges bridges vol1 no8.pdf Roper,2003 1 . Melodic intonation therapy is not appropriate for patients ... Intonation Therapy Works The traditional melodic intonation therapy process is divided into four ... both the adult and child models of melodic intonation therapy. Adult As stated above this is a four ... speech Roper 2003 2 . Research Research in melodic intonation therapy is continually being conducted ... with speech impairment as a result of Down syndrome Carroll 1996 . Melodic Intonation Therapy ... of an adaptation of melodic intonation therapy in increasing the communicative speech of young children ... therapy Theory and practice. McGraw Hill. Marshal, Noel and Pat Holtzapple. 1976. Melodic intonation ... archive 00000019 01 06 09.pdf . Roper, Nicole. 2003. Melodic intonation therapy with young children ... . Category Therapy Bonakdarpour, Eftekharzadeh, Ashayeri 2003 Melodic intonation therapy in Persian ... aphasia after melodic intonation therapy A PET study. Neurology, 47 6 , 1504 1511. Schlaug ,G., Marchina ... broca s aphasia undergoing intense intonation based speech therapy. Annals of the New York academy of sciences ... more details
The Intonation Music Festival was a yearly summer music festival held at http www.planet99.com chicago tour 11828x.html Union Park in Chicago , Illinois . 2005 The festival was held on July 16 July 17, 2005. It was conceived of and launched by Skyline Chicago, who hired Pitchfork Media to curate, and supported by Microsoft by way of the Xbox , Tower Records , WLUW and PETA PETA2 , among others. The admission price was 15 per day, with a limited number of 22 two day passes that were available online only. Gates opened at noon each day. The festival had been announced as slated for Chicago s Pulaski Park, but the festival was moved twice, ending up in the much larger Union Park. Saturday, July 16 Headliner Tortoise band Tortoise Death from Above 1979 , The Go Team , Broken Social Scene , Four Tet , Magnolia Electric Co. , A.C. Newman , The M s , Head of Femur band Head of Femur , Pelican band Pelican and Prefuse 73 . DJ Tent Will Oldham , Jean Grae , and Laurent Lebec member of Pelican band Pelican Sunday, July 17 Headliner The Decemberists Les Savy Fav , The Wrens band The Wrens , Deerhoof , Andrew Bird , Out Hud , Xiu Xiu , Dungen , The Hold Steady and Thunderbirds Are Now . DJ Tent Diplo DJ Diplo , El P , and Reine Fiske member of Dungen 2006 The 2006 festival was held at Union Park and curated by VICE Records and supported by KEXP . Pitchfork and independent concert promoter Mike Reed withdrew their support from the festival following their split with promotion company Skyline Chicago , who organizes the festival. Pitchfork staged their own music festival in 2006, the Pitchfork Music Festival . Tickets went on sale on Monday, March 13 and cost 35 for a two day pass and 20 for a single day pass, along with a limited quantity of 25 two day passes available. Saturday, June ..., and the festival crowds of Chicago are being well served at this point, Intonation spokesman David ... A free performance of local Chicago acts sponsored by Intonation Music Festival LLC was held ... more details
The intervals of 5 limit music limit just intonation prime limit , not odd limit are ratios involving only Regular number the powers of 2, 3, and 5 . The fundamental intervals are the Superparticular number superparticular ratios 2 1 the octave , 3 2 the perfect fifth and 5 4 the major third . That is, the notes of the Major chord major triad are in the ratio 1 5 4 3 2 or 4 5 6. In all tunings, the major third is equivalent to two major second s. However, because just intonation does not allow the irrational ratio of 5 2, two different frequency ratios are used the major tone 9 8 and the minor tone 10 9 . The intervals within the diatonic scale are shown in the table below. class sortable wikitable Names Ratio Cent music Cents ET Cents Definition 53 equal temperament 53ET commas Representation ref Makam ref Complement unison 1 1 0.00 0 0 octave syntonic comma 81 80 21.51 0 c or T &minus t 1 diesis br diminished second 128 125 41.06 0 D or S &minus x 2 augmented seventh lesser chromatic semitone br minor semitone br augmented unison 25 24 70.67 100 x or t &minus S or T &minus L 3 diminished octave Pythagorean minor second br Pythagorean limma 256 243 90.22 100 4 Pythagorean major seventh greater chromatic semitone br wide augmented unison 135 128 92.18 100 X or T &minus S 4 narrow diminished octave major semitone br limma br minor second 16 15 111.73 100 S 5 major seventh large limma br acute minor second 27 25 133.24 100 L or T &minus x 6 grave major seventh grave tone br grave major second 800 729 160.90 200 or x or t &minus c 7 acute minor seventh minor tone br lesser major second 10 9 182.40 200 t 8 minor seventh major tone br Pythagorean major second br greater major second 9 8 203.91 200 T or t c 9 Pythagorean minor seventh diminished third 256 225 223.46 200 S S 10 augmented sixth semi augmented second 125 108 253.08 300 t x 11 augmented second 75 64 274.58 300 T x 12 diminished ... more details
Summary Just intonation vs. equal temperament . A major third in equal temperament, then in just intonation, followed by a full major chord in equal temperament, then in just intonation. Created myself using Modplug Tracker . Licensing PD self date October 2006 ... more details
AQI can refer to Air Quality Index Al Qaeda in Iraq Australian Questioning Intonation see High rising terminal disambig de AQI fr AQI it AQI ... more details
David Doty may refer to David B. Doty , American composer and authority on just intonation David S. Doty born 1929 , U.S. federal judge David Doty actor , in Shades of Ray hndis Doty, David ... more details
Wiktionary flatness flat Flatness may refer to Flatness art Flatness cosmology Flatness electrical engineering Flatness liquids Flatness manufacturing , a geometrical tolerance required in certain manufacturing situations Flatness mathematics Flatness systems theory , a property of nonlinear dynamic systems Flat music Flat Intonation music intonation See also Flattening disambig de Flachheit ... more details
Wiktionary laudative Laudatives are words or grammatical forms that denote a positive Affect linguistics affect . That is, they express praise or approval on the part of the speaker. Laudatory words in English include phrases like he s a saint for a helpful person , this is ambrosia for a meal there is also laudatory intonation, as in What a house said with an air of wonder. What a ... with different intonation can also express contempt. This word derives from the Latin verb, laudare , meaning to praise. See also Pejorative , or negative affect References reflist Category Pejoratives ling stub sociology stub ... more details
David B. Doty born 1950 is an American composer and authority on just intonation . He is the author of The Just Intonation Primer 1993, 1994, 2002 . Inspired in part by the work of Harry Partch Doty began composing in 1970 and co founded the San Francisco based ensemble Other Music , with Henry S. Rosenthal and Dale S. Soules , in 1975. After Doty studied intonation with Lou Harrison , members of Other Music built an American Gamelan based on a 14 tone per octave just tuning designed by Doty and Soules. Other Music performed extensively in Northern California using these instruments during the years 1977 1981. Three of Doty s compositions from this period were featured on Other Music s 1980 LP Prime Numbers. Other Music ceased performing publicly in 1981, but recorded and released a studio album, Incidents Out of Context, which featured compositions combining gamelan with synthesizers and other acoustic and electro acoustic instruments, in 1983. After the dissolution of Other Music in 1983, Doty began composing for MIDI instruments and sequencers, which activity he continues at the time of this writing 12 2007 . Seven of Doty s compositions in just intonation for this medium are recorded on his 1998 solo CD Uncommon Practice, on Syntonic Records . In 1984, Doty cofounded the Just Intonation Network along with a number of other Northern California just intonation composers and theorists. He served as the editor of the network s journal, 1 1, from its inception in 1985 until 2006. Doty has also been a technical writer and editor, author of computer books, and an environmental activist. References http www.cdbaby.com cd davidbdoty Album liner for Uncommon Practice at CD Baby External links official http www.dbdoty.com index.html http www.justintonation.net primer1.html The Just Intonation Primer http artofthestates.org cgi bin piece.pl?pid 55 Paradigms Lost on Art of the States website http www.microtonalguitar.com tutorial just intonation quote on Microtonal Guitar website ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 A bent note is a musical note that is varied in Pitch music pitch . With Fret unfretted strings or other continuous pitch instruments such as the trombone , or with the human Vocal music voice , such variation is more properly described in terms of Intonation music intonation . Bent notes are commonly played on fretted instruments, literally by bending the string with excess finger pressure, or on Free reed aerophone free reed instruments such as the harmonica , by using excess air pressure to overblow the reed. On brass instruments such as the trumpet, the note is bent by using the lip. The bent note is commonly found in various forms of jazz and blues . See also Bend guitar Blue note Hexatonic scale Blues scale DEFAULTSORT Bent Note Category Musical notation Music theory stub ... more details
Wiktionary prosody Prosody from Greek , pros id a , song sung to music pronunciation of syllable may refer to Prosody linguistics , the study of rhythm, intonation, stress, and related attributes in speech Prosody music , the way the composer sets the text of a vocal composition in the assignment of syllables to notes in the melody to which the text is sung Prosody poetry , the study of poetic meter Prosody software , a Jabber XMPP server disambig bg cs Proz die de Metrum io Prozodio ja pl Metrum pt M trica ... more details
Novax Guitars is a guitar manufacturing company founded by Ralph Novak. His instruments feature fret s which are not perpendicular to the instrument s neck as is standard , but rather fan out at various angles to allow for more comfortable, ergonomic playing and for proper intonation. Charlie Hunter , an acclaimed jazz guitarist, uses Novax guitars extensively. See also Multi scale fingerboard External links http www.novaxguitars.com NovaxGuitars.com Category Guitar manufacturing companies ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Esperanto sidebar expanded Language In Esperanto there are two kinds of interrogatives yes no interrogatives, and correlative interrogatives. Yes no interrogatives Yes no question s are formed with the interrogative u whether at the beginning of the clause. For example, the interrogative equivalent of the statement La pomo estas sur la tablo The apple is on the table is u la pomo estas sur la tablo? Is the apple on the table? A yes no question is also normally accompanied by a rising Intonation linguistics intonation . In some cases, especially when the context makes it clear that the sentence is an interrogatives, a rising intonation alone can make a clause into a question, but this is uncommon and highly markedness marked . The subject and the verb are not inverted to form questions as they are English language English and many other European languages. Correlative interrogatives Esperanto has a series of words which can be arranged in a table according to how they start and end which are often called correlative s . The column of words which begin with ki can be used to ask questions which cannot be answered by yes or no . These correspond to wh questions in English. These words are kiu who or which kio what kia what kind of kie where kiam when kies whose kiel how kial why kiom how much or how many These words are inflection inflected according to the role they play in the clause for the words which take an inflection , and moved to the beginning of the clause. For example, Kion vi faras? What are you doing? As with yes no questions, there is no inversion of subject and verb, and the sentence is generally ended with a rising intonation in the spoken language. Indirect questions Any interrogative clause as explained above can be used as is as an indirect question , as the object of a verb like scii , to know . Mi ne scias, u la pomo estas sur la tablo. I don t know whether the apple is on the table. Li scias, kion vi faras. He kn ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 In linguistics linguistic pragmatics , the term metalocutionary act is sometimes used for a speech act that is about the conversation itself rather than about its primary substance. References S. Gibbon 1983 Intonation in context an essay on metalocutionary deixis . In G. Rauh ed. , Essays on deixis. T bingen Gunter. Category Pragmatics Category Discourse analysis ling stub ... more details
Syzygys is a band composed of duo Hitomi Shimizu on organ and Hiromi Nishida on violin. They play microtonal pop music ref http www.syzygys.jp e pages index.html ref , specifically just intonation in the form of Harry Partch s Harry Partch s 43 tone scale 43 tone scale . They have released albums on Tzadik Records , including Syzygys Complete Studio Recordings 2003, Tzadik 7240 . References reflist music stub Category Musical duos Category Musical tuning Category Tzadik Records artists Category 2000s music groups ... more details
Sonata for Microtonal Piano is a sonata music sonata for specifically microtonal ly tuned piano by Ben Johnston composer Ben Johnston written in 1964 see also just intonation . The composer is trying to escape the standard forms of music in the words of the composer The Sonata , whether presented as beauty or as the beast, is a monstrous parody enigma, allusive, referential, sometimes derisive, distorted, a tissue of familiarity in radically strange garb....Whatever the closing mood brings to mind, it is overlaid with irony and derision. The Sonata sequence poses the challenge fast, faster, slow, slower. When, in the Sonata s finale, the knots are finally untied, will it be clear from what Houdini has escaped? ref Liner notes for SOUND FORMS FOR PIANO , New World Records 80203, fetched from http www.newworldrecords.org linernotes 80203.pdf ref Movements Sonata for Microtonal Piano Sonata allegro Scherzo Slow movement Finale Grindlemusic Premises Questions Soul Music Mood Music Sonata allegro Questions, Scherzo Mood Music, Slow movement Soul Music, Finale Premises. The piece has been recorded and released on Microtonal Piano by Ben Johnston 1997 . Phillip Bush , piano. Koch International Classics 3 7369 2. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Johnston, Ben Category Compositions in just intonation Category Piano sonatas Category 1964 compositions ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Ashes are put to use in various religions. In Hinduism , sacred ashes or Vibhuti are used to smear, anoint or mark devotees. In Christianity , on Ash Wednesday , ashes of burnt palm leaves and fronds left over from Palm Sunday , mixed with olive oil, are applied in a cross form on the forehead of the believer as a reminder of his inevitable physical death, with the intonation Dust thou art, and to dust will return from Book of Genesis Genesis 3 19 in the Old Testament . Category Religious symbols DEFAULTSORT Sacred Ashes Christian theology stub Hindu theo stub ... more details
Ma at or Maat is an Egyptian goddess and concept. Maat may also refer to Maat military , naval rank of the Deutsche Marine Maat Kheru , the true intonation with which the dead must recite magical incantations according to Maspus Maat Mons , the highest volcano on the planet Venus People with the surname Maat Albert Jan Maat , Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament Martin de Maat , teacher and artistic director at the Second City in Chicago See also Mat disambiguation MAT disambiguation Matt disambiguation Matte disambiguation Matthew name disambig ro Maat dezambiguizare ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2009 Infobox Interval main interval name Minor diatonic semitone inverse major seventh complement other names abbreviation semitones 1 interval class 1 just interval 17 16 cents equal temperament 100 cents 24T equal temperament 100 cents just intonation 104.96 Image Minor diatonic semitone on C.png thumb Minor diatonic semitone on C audio Minor diatonic semitone on C.mid Play . Image Minor diatonic semitone.png thumb Minor diatonic semitone. In music , the minor diatonic semitone is a ratio of 17 16. See also Major diatonic semitone Category Intervals music theory stub Intervals state autocollapse ... more details
Coloration may refer to Color , the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, green, blue and others, along with any variation, quality, or property thereof Color gradient , a range of position dependent colors Animal colouration , topic of research regarding animals adaptive appearance Camouflage , or cryptic coloration Diatonic and chromatic , coloration in musical theory Key coloration , gradations or slightly different intonation in music Coloration in linguistics, such as to color vowels in Laryngeal theory Vowel retroflex coloration trill in the Toda language See also Color disambiguation Gradation disambiguation , a metaphor from the concept of color used in various contexts to denote a smooth variable spectrum of gradations disambig ... more details
The high rising terminal HRT , also known as uptalk , upspeak , rising inflection or high rising intonation HRI , is a feature of some accents of English language English where statements have a rising Intonation linguistics intonation pattern in the final syllable or syllables of the utterance. Empirically, Ladd 1996, pg 123 proposes that HRT in American English and Australian English is marked by a high tone high pitch or high fundamental frequency beginning on the final accented syllable near the end of the statement the terminal , and continuing to increase in frequency up to 40 to the end of the intonational phrase. New research such as that conducted by Warren 2005 suggests that the actual rise can occur one or more syllables after the last accented syllable of the phrase, and its range is much more variable than previously thought. Origins The origins of HRT remain uncertain. Geographically, anecdotal evidence places the conception of the American English variety on the West Coast &ndash anywhere from California English Southern California to the Pacific Northwest English Pacific ... States, this intonation is characteristic of the speech heard in those parts of rural North Dakota ... language . Although it is ridiculed in United Kingdom Britain as Australian Questioning Intonation ... 101 TV series television series , referring to it as Australian Question Intonation AQI . References reflist Allan, S., The rise of New Zealand intonation in A. Bell & J. Holmes eds. New Zealand ways ... Ching, M. 1982 . The question intonation in assertions , American Speech , 57 1982 , pp. 95&ndash 107 ...&ndash 107 ISSN 1384 6655 Guy, G., Horvath, B., Vonwiller, J., Daisley, E. and Rogers, I., An intonation ... 521 47498 1 McLemore, C. A., The Pragmatic Interpretation of English Intonation Sorority Speech , Dissertation ... A. Warren, P., Patterns of late rising in New Zealand English Intonational variation or intonation ... dirtbag years ISBN 0 86278 849 8, Ross O Carroll Kelly See also Valspeak Intonation linguistics ... more details
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