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Encyclopedia results for Hygrometer

  1. Hygrometer

    distinguish hydrometer A Hygrometer IPA en ha r m t UK is an instrument used for measuring the moisture content in the environmental air, or humidity . Humidity is difficult to measure accurately. Most measurement devices usually rely on measurements of some other quantity such as temperature, pressure, mass or a mechanical or electrical change in a substance as moisture is absorbed. From calculations based on physical principles, or especially by calibration with a reference standard, these measured quantities can lead to a measurement of humidity. Modern electronic devices use temperature of condensation, changes in electrical resistance , and changes in electrical capacitance to measure humidity changes. File Haar Hygrometer.jpg thumb Dial Hygrometer, in this case a hair tension style, note nonlinear scale Common Hygrometer Types Metal Pulp Coil type The familiar metal paper coil hygrometer is useful for giving a dial indication of humidity changes, but its accuracy is limited. Humidity is absorbed by a salt impregnated paper strip attached to a metal coil, causing it to change shape. These changes in length analogous to those in a bimetallic thermometer cause an indication on a dial .... Electronic hygrometers File Honeywell device.jpg thumb Electronic hygrometer Dewpoint is the temperature ... variations. Calibration Standards Gravimetric Hygrometer A Gravimetric Hygrometer measures the mass ... Mirror Hygrometer A chilled mirror hygrometer measures the temperature of a mirror at the point when ... Hygrometer Automated airport weather station Moisture analysis Dewcell Dewcheck References references ... Navigational equipment Category Psychrometrics ar ca Higr metre cs Vlhkom r da Hygrometer de Hygrometer et H gromeeter el es Higr metro eu Higrometro fr Hygrom tre gl Higr metro ... nl Hygrometer ja no Hygrometer nn Hygrometer pl Wilgotno ciomierz pt Higr metro ro Higrometru ru simple Psychrometer sk Vlhkomer sl Higrometer fi Kosteusmittari sv Hygrometer te ...   more details



  1. File:Oregon Scientific WMR100 Console.jpg

    Summary The Oregon Scientific line of personal weather stations are also popular. Shown here is the WMR 100 wireless console which, like the Davis VantagePro stations, allows for connection to a personal computer. this station can work with 10 thermometer and hygrometer locations plus uv ultraviolet index Licensing self GFDL cc by 2.5 migration relicense ...   more details



  1. Dry-bulb temperature

    The dry bulb temperature is the temperature of air measured by a thermometer freely exposed to the air but shielded from radiation and moisture . Dry bulb temperature is the temperature that is usually thought of as air temperature, and it is the true thermodynamic temperature. It is the temperature measured by a regular thermometer exposed to the airstream. Unlike wet bulb temperature , dry bulb temperature does not indicate the amount of moisture in the air. In construction , it is an important consideration when Design designing a building for a certain climate . Nall called it one of the most important climate variables for human comfort and building energy efficiency. ref Nall, D. H. 2004 11 . Looking across the water Climate adaptive buildings in the United States & Europe. In The Construction Specifier , 57, 50 56. ref See also Psychrometrics Psychrometric chart Wet bulb temperature Hygrometer Atmospheric thermodynamics References references br Meteorological variables climate stub Category Atmospheric thermodynamics ca Temperatura seca es Temperatura Temperatura seca ja nn T rrtemperatur ...   more details



  1. Dewcell

    Mergeto Hygrometer date December 2008 Dewcels are instruments used for determining the dew point . They consist of a small heating element surrounded by a solution of lithium chloride . As the LiCl absorbs moisture from the air, conduction across the heating element increases, current in it increases, and heat increases, evaporating moisture from the salt solution. At a certain temperature the amount of moisture absorbed by the salt solution equals the amount evaporated equilibrium . Inside the dewcel core a thermistor composite or other temperature measurement device changes electrical resistance with the temperature created by the heating. A front end processor provides a reference voltage , measures the output of the network, and calculates the dew point. External links http resource.invensys.com instrumentation documentation eib pl pl 008 102.pdf Foxboro Dewcel documentation http docs.lib.noaa.gov rescue mwr 091 mwr 091 05 0227.pdf Some limitations and errors inherent in the use of the dewcel for measurement of atmospheric dew points http www.on.ec.gc.ca skywatchers ontario wx office tour compound thermometers e.html Dewcel in Stevenson Screen Category Atmospheric thermodynamics Category Meteorological instrumentation and equipment climate stub ...   more details



  1. Tobacconist

    Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A tobacconist is an expert dealer in tobacco in various forms and the related accoutrements. Such accoutrements include smoking pipe tobacco pipes , lighters , match es, pipe cleaner s, pipe tampers, ashtrays, humidifier humidification devices , hygrometer s, humidor s, cigar cutter s, and more. Books and magazines, especially ones related to tobacco are commonly offered. Items irrelevant to tobacco such as puzzles, games, figurines, hip flask s, canes or other walking stick s, and candy are sometimes sold. A tobacconist shop is traditionally represented by a Cigar store Indian wooden Indian positioned nearby. Image Cigarindian2.jpg thumb left Modern tobacconist in Windsor UK. Image Almanach Chronique de Jersey 1892 Hodgetts tabac.jpg thumb right An advertisement for a tobacconist from the almanac of La Chronique de Jersey , 1892 Uses in art The Tobacconist, Victorian Walk is a featured exhibit at the Museum of London . It showcases shops in an effort to recreate the late 19th century. See also Humidor Cigar Cigarette Category Tobacco Category Sales occupations Job stub ca Estanc cs Trafika de Tabaktrafik es Estanco fr D bit de tabac it Tabaccheria mk pl Trafika pt Tabacaria scn Tabbaccar a ...   more details



  1. Musafia violin case

    Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date November 2006 Musafia Violin cases are high quality cases made for the violin in Cremona Italy . The cases are manufactured from a high quality laminate shell and screw attached Teflon treated Cordura nylon cover with an exterior pocket. High quality fittings and materials, a four point Musical instrument instrument suspension and four locking bow spinners are standard on all cases. Musafia cases are built with both instrument safety and aesthetic appeal as primary guidelines. They have backpack provisions, a subway handle, blanket and a string tube which is usually on all models. They also have a hygrometer , humidifier, and oversized leatherette or leather handle. They also make viola cases and double cases, which are cases that carry two violins or violas. These cases have excellent craftsmanship, and are considered one of the best cases in the world aside Jaeger and Negri. The company was founded in 1983 by violin ist and violin maker Dimitri Musafia . DEFAULTSORT Musafia Violin Case Category Violin cases ...   more details



  1. John Coventry (constructor of philosophical instruments)

    Multiple issues rewrite January 2011 John Coventry 1735 1812 , constructor of philosophical instrument s, was born in Southwark in 1735. He made a position through the care with which his instruments were made. He was the inventor of a new hygrometer , more accurate than any which had been previously in use. This instrument was very generally employed by the chemist s and other scientific men of his day. His telescope s were found to be more accurately adjusted than those usually employed, and the lenses with which they were fitted were more truly ground. His graduations were especially correct. He was a friend of Benjamin Franklin , who appears to have consulted him on questions connected with electrical apparatus . Coventry died in 1812. References reflist one source date January 2011 cat improve date January 2011 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Coventry, John ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1735 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1812 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Coventry, John Category 1735 births Category 1812 deaths Category People from Southwark ...   more details



  1. Dry box

    for the chambers used in chemistry Desiccator A dry box is a storage container in which the interior is kept at a low level of humidity. Dry boxes are used to safely store items which would otherwise be damaged or adversely affected by excessive humidity , such as Camera cameras and Camera lens lenses to prevent fungal growth , and musical instruments to prevent humidity induced swelling or shrinkage of wooden instrument parts . They are also used in the storage of surface mount electronic components prior to circuit board assembly. Types Desiccant boxes A simple dry box can consist of nothing more than a sealed, airtight box containing a desiccant such as silica gel or anhydrous calcium chloride. These can be easily built at relatively low cost. However, the humidity level in such boxes cannot be controlled or regulated owing to the difficulty of gauging the quantity of desiccant required to achieve a certain humidity level. Electronic dry boxes Electronic dry boxes contain a small Thermoelectric cooling peltier cooler , which remove moisture from the air by condensing it out. A control dial is usually provided which permits the user rough adjustment of the humidity level. More sophisticated designs link the cooler to a settable digital hygrometer, allowing very precise humidity level control. References references http www.drycabinets.com DryCabinets.com http www.2spi.com catalog boxes basic glove.shtml http www.2spi.com catalog boxes nitro box.shtml Category Tools tool stub ...   more details



  1. Gub-Gub's Book

    infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name Gub Gub s Book, An Encyclopaedia of Food title orig translator image Image Gub Gub s Book.jpg thumb image caption author Hugh Lofting illustrator Hugh Lofting cover artist country United Kingdom language English language English series Doctor Dolittle genre Fantasy novel Fantasy , Children s novel publisher release date 1932 in literature 1932 media type Print Hardcover and Paperback pages isbn N A preceded by followed by Gub Gub s Book, An Encyclopaedia of Food is a 1932 children s book in the Doctor Dolittle series by Hugh Lofting . Gub Gub the pig was one of the first animals with whom Doctor Dolittle learned to talk and appears in most of the books. This book features stories from and about Gub Gub s attempt to write an encyclopedia of food. The frontispiece of the book introduces An Encyclopaedia of Food in Twenty volumes , going on to explain that Prof. Gub Gub Announces that owing to the high cost of living the other 19 volumes of this GREAT WORK have been Temporarily Postponed . The book takes the form of a Scheherazade story, with chapters unfolding evening by evening. As Gub Gub deals patiently with his raucous animal friends, they are drawn into his world and find out such vital information on the food map as where King Alfred burnt the cakes. A book readable by adults as well as children, who will possibly better appreciate the value and practicality of the gingersnap hygrometer . Doctor Dolittle books Category 1932 books Category Doctor Dolittle books Category British novels Category History of literature in the United Kingdom child fantasy novel stub ...   more details



  1. Weather house

    Image weather house.jpg thumb A weather house is depicted on this New Year s Day greeting card by the Czech Republic Czech artist Tavik Frantisek Simon . A weather house is a folk art device in the shape of a small Germany German or Alps Alpine chalet that indicates the weather . A typical weather house has two doors side by side. The left side has a girl or woman, the right side a boy or man. The female figure comes out of the house when the weather is sunny and dry, while the male comes out to indicate rain . In fact, a weather house functions as a hygrometer embellished by folk art. The male and female figures ride on a balance bar, which is suspended by a piece of catgut or hair. The gut relaxes or shrinks based on the humidity in the surrounding air, relaxing when the air is wet and tensing when the air is dry. This action swings one figure or the other out of the house depending on the humidity. ref http www.rmets.org education weatherclub primary houses.php Weather houses at the Royal Meteorological Society ref Weather houses are associated in the popular mind with Germany or Switzerland , and are often decorated in the style of a cuckoo clock . Many weather houses also bear a small thermometer on the part between the two doors that conceals the gut suspension, and many also contain a piggy bank . Cultural influence A one act English comic opera called Weather or No , about the male and female figures in a weather house falling in love, became popular when it was played as a companion piece to The Mikado in 1896 97. References reflist climate stub Category Weather lore Category Meteorological instrumentation and equipment de Wetterh uschen nl Weerhuisje ...   more details



  1. René Grillet de Roven

    orphan date September 2010 Unreferenced date September 2009 Ren Grillet de Roven , also Ren Grilliet , was a French mechanic and watchmaker who designed a mechanical calculating machine in the 17th century. Biography Grillet came from Rouen in northwestern France, the capital city of Normandy . He served as watchmaker to King Louis XIV . In 1673 Grillet published a small book, Curiositez mathematiques de l invention du Sr Grillet horlogeur a Paris , in which he announced the invention of an arithmetical calculating machine. A few years later, in 1678, he wrote a short article in Le Journal des S avans describing the machine. According to Grillet, he was inspired by Blaise Pascal s work with calculating machines to combine the Pascaline with Napier s bones , and build a machine that could perform both addition and multiplication. Grillet displayed his machine at fairs in France and the Netherlands between 1673 and 1681. He tried to establish a business of manufacturing and selling calculating machines, with unclear success. In addition to the calculating machine, in his career Grillet invented a hygrometer for which he was accused of plagiarism by another inventor graphometer s drawing instrument set protractor , set square , with plumb bob . In 1690, the first textile printing factory in England was established by a Frenchman named Ren Grillet, who took out a patent on the process. DEFAULTSORT Grillet De Roven, Rene Category French musical instrument makers Category Watchmakers people Category People from Rouen ...   more details



  1. Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues

    Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues 29 March 1827 &ndash 28 January 1884 was a German astronomer . Life Klinkerfues was born in Hofgeismar , the son of army doctor Johann Reinhard Klinkerfues and his wife Sabine. After the early death of his parents, he was brought up by relatives, and after attending high school qualified as a surveyor in Kassel . In this capacity he subsequently worked on the new Frankfurt Kassel railway. From 1847 to 1851 Klinkerfues studied mathematics and astronomy at the University of Marburg . He then became an assistant to Carl Friedrich Gauss at G ttingen Observatory , where he completed his Ph.D. with a thesis on orbit calculations of double stars . After Gauss death in 1855, the mathematician W. E. Weber replaced him as director, but Klinkerfues was to be temporarily responsible for the observatory from 1861. Klinkerfues discovered 6 comets, and in 1860 led an expedition to Spain to observe a solar eclipse . He was finally appointed director for practical astronomy at G ttingen in 1868. However, the role of Klinkerfues section of the observatory was solely to deal with practical work, the theoretical work being placed in the hands of Ernst Schering . Klinkerfues was, like his predecessor, allowed to live in the eastern wing of the observatory, but the division of the observatory s organisation between the two teams was to be a source of constant conflict. In his 1871 book Theoretische Astronomie Klinkerfues described how the orbits of celestial bodies in the solar system could be calculated. In the same period he compiled a catalogue of around 6900 observed stars. Klinkerfues also had an abiding interest in meteorology , developing a hygrometer , patented in 1877, that was later manufactured in G ttingen by Wilhelm Lambrecht. His weather forecasts, published in newspapers, proved to be often incorrect, which led to them cruelly parodying his last name as Flunkerkies . Undeterred by this criticism, he published a book on the hygrometer s u ...   more details



  1. Stevenson screen

    equipment . See also Thermometer Hygrometer References reflist External links Commonscat ...   more details



  1. Kassina maculata

    Taxobox name Red legged running frog image Kassina maculuata.jpg status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Amphibia ordo Anura familia Hyperoliidae genus Kassina species K. maculata binomial Kassina maculata binomial authority Andr C3 A9 Marie Constant Dum C3 A9ril Dum ril , 1853 synonyms The Red legged running frog Kassina maculata is a frog species of the Hyperoliidae family. They are silvery grey with dark brown to black spots, and derive their name from bright red coloring on the ventral side of their hind legs. Adult body length is typically 6 to 7.5 centimeters. Other common names include brown spotted tree frog, red legged Kassina, red legged pan frog, spotted running frog, tiger leg running frog , and vlei frog . Habitat K. maculata is endemic to the tropical and sub tropical areas of Africa s east coast Kenya , Malawi , Mozambique , South Africa , Swaziland , Tanzania , and Zimbabwe . The frog thrives in varying terrain including shrubland, grassland, savannah, and forest as long as there exists a ready source of fresh water or high humidity. Behavior Red legged running frogs are nocturnal, and therefore somewhat elusive to humans preferring to burrow under loose soil or vegetation during the day. At night they take to climbing trees and tall shrubs to feed mainly on a diet of insects and insect larvae. As Pets Because they are nocturnal and do require a significantly moist environment 80 relative humidity is recommended , they are not as common a pet as other species of frog. However, being rather hardy and robust, they do survive well under appropriate basic conditions. A source of UV light is not required, and ambient temperature of 72 to 77 F 22 to 25 C is sufficient. Both a thermometer and hygrometer should be present. Moss or coconut fiber should be used as substrate for burrowing, with both wet and dry ground areas within the enclosure. A basin or bowl of clean, fresh water is necessary. Misting of fresh water should occ ...   more details



  1. SCR-658 radar

    The SCR 658 radar was developed in conjunction with the SCR 268 radar . It was preceded by the SCR 258. Its primary purpose was to track weather balloons. Prior to this it was only possible to track weather balloons with a theodolite , causing difficulty with visual tracking in poor weather conditions. The set is small enough to be portable and carried in a Ben Hur trailer . Surviving Examples there is one Known survivor at the Air Force museum in Dayton Ohio http www.nationalmuseum.af.mil photos index.asp?galleryID 4881 See also Signal Corps Radio SCR 268 radar Radiosonde RAWIN References TM 11 1158 TM 11 2409 mobile Meteorological station External links http www.photolib.noaa.gov htmls wea01200.htm http www.gordon.army.mil ocos museum equipment.asp SCR and BC lists http 6thweathermobile.org 1949 part 201 .htm excellent pics. http www.srh.noaa.gov ssd tstm html tstorm.htm US wx radar Navbox name Meteorological equipment title Earth based meteorological equipment and instrumentation list1 nowrap begin Anemometer w Barograph w Barometer w Ceiling balloon w Ceiling projector w Ceilometer w Dark adaptor goggles w Disdrometer w Field mill w Hygrometer w Ice Accretion Indicator w LIDAR w Lightning detector w Nephelometer w Nephoscope w Pan evaporation w Pyranometer w Radiosonde w Rain gauge w Snow gauge w SODAR w Solarimeter w Sounding rocket w Stevenson screen w Sunshine recorders w Thermograph w Thermometer w Weather balloon w Weather radar w Weather vane w Windsock w Wind profiler nowrap end noinclude DEFAULTSORT Scr 658 Radar Category Measuring instruments Category Meteorological instrumentation and equipment Category Military radio systems Category World War II electronics Category World War II American electronics Category Weather radars Category Military electronics of the United States Category Military radars of the United States Category World War II radars de Radiosonde es Radiosonda fr Radiosonde nl Radiosonde ja no Radiosonde nn Radiosonde pl Radioson ...   more details



  1. Brown Instrument Company

    File Honeywell brown.jpg thumb Abandoned Brown Instrument factory near Fern Rock Transportation Center , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , in 2011. Note faded Honeywell Brown Instrument Division sign. coord 40 01 17 N 75 09 34 W display title Brown Instrument Company was a United States U.S. firm known for high quality Measuring instrument instruments such as pyrometer s, thermometer s, hygrometer s, tachometer s, Pressure measurement pressure gauge s, Flow measurement flow meter s, and electrical meters and industrial controls. File HoneywellBrown2.jpg thumb left Brown Instrument factory near Wayne Junction , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , in 2011, repurposed as a self storage company. The company was founded in 1857 in Philadelphia by Edward Brown, inventor of the first pyrometer of American design. ref Harvnb Licht 1992 pp 161 162 . ref In 1934, the firm became a division of Honeywell . The company was a large employer in North Philadelphia during most of the 20th century. The large brick factory building across Windrim Avenue from Wayne Junction SEPTA station Wayne Junction , currently Extra Space Storage, was formerly one of the principal Brown Instrument Company buildings. The Wayne Avenue fa ade still has Brown Instrument Co relieved into the concrete. A catalog of 1921 ref Harvnb ASME 1921 p 292 . ref mentions the laboratories here. A search on Google Book Search for Brown Instrument Wayne Ave shows multiple addresses for the company on the 4400 and 4500 blocks of Wayne Ave, which straddle Wayne Junction. Another search result from 1915 mentions 311 Walnut St. Across the regional rail tracks from Fern Rock Transportation Center there is another old factory building topped by a sign marked Honeywell Brown Instrument Division . The firm later moved to Fort Washington, Pennsylvania . Honeywell s automation and control businesses still have a campus there, although the Brown Instrument name has been retired. References Reflist Bibliography citation last Licht first Wal ...   more details



  1. Leaf wetness

    properties where a change in sensor length or weight can be measured mechanically. See also Hygrometer ...   more details



  1. Meteorological instrumentation

    , the first hair hygrometer is demonstrated by Horace B n dict de Saussure . In 1806, Francis Beaufort ... it is mounted. A hygrometer measures the relative humidity at a location, which can then be used ...   more details



  1. John Frederic Daniell

    Infobox Person name John Frederic Daniell image Daniell chemist b.jpg caption British chemist & physicist quotation unknown birth date birth date 1790 3 12 df y birth place London , England dead dead death date death date and age 1845 3 13 1790 3 12 df y death place London , England John Frederic Daniell 12 March 1790 &ndash 13 March 1845 was an England English chemist and physicist . Daniell was born in London , and in 1831 became the first professor of chemistry at the newly founded King s College London . His name is best known for his invention of the Daniell cell Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Phil. Trans. , 1836 , an Battery electricity electric battery much better than voltaic cell s. He also invented the dew point hygrometer known by his name Quar. Journ. Sci. , 1820 , and a register pyrometer Phil. Trans. , 1830 and in 1830 he erected in the hall of the Royal Society a water barometer , with which he carried out a large number of observations Phil. Trans. , 1832 . A process devised by him for the manufacture of illuminating gas from turpentine and resin was in use in New York for a time. His publications include Meteorological Essays 1823 , an Essay on Artificial Climate considered in its Applications to Horticulture 1824 , which showed the necessity of a humid atmosphere in hothouses devoted to tropical plants, and an Introduction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy 1839 . Daniell died suddenly of apoplexy in London, while attending a meeting of the council of the Royal Society, of which he became a fellow in 1813 and foreign secretary in 1839. The lunar crater Daniell crater Daniell is named in his honour. See also Timeline of hydrogen technologies References cite journal title Daniell, John Frederic journal Dictionary of National Biography, volume vol. 14 year 1888 page page 33 url http books.google.com books?id hSwJAAAAIAAJ&pg PA33 1911 Copley Medallists 1801 1850 Authority control PND 116023325 LCCN n 85 800769 VIAF 15509252 Persondata ...   more details



  1. Wet Bulb Globe Temperature

    heat, but they do not account for solar radiation. See also Hygrometer Meteorology References ...   more details



  1. Jacques Babinet

    , while his inventions included valve improvements for air pumps and a hygrometer . In geography ...   more details



  1. List of measuring devices

    This is a list of measuring device s . class wikitable Device Quantity Measurement measured accelerometer acceleration actinometer heating power of sunlight alcoholometer alcoholic strength of liquids altimeter altitude ammeter electric current, amperage anemometer windspeed atmometer rate of evaporation audiometer hearing Hydrometer Barkometer barkometer tanning liquors used in tanning leather barometer air pressure bevameter mechanical properties of soil bolometer electromagnetic radiation calorimeter heat of chemical reactions cathetometer vertical distances ceilometer height of a cloud base chronometer time clap o meter volume of applause colorimeter colour creepmeter slow surface displacement of an active geologic fault in the earth declinometer magnetic declination densimeter specific gravity of liquids densitometer degree of darkness in photographic or semitransparent material diffractometer structure of crystals dilatometer volume changes caused by a physical or chemical process disdrometer size, speed, and velocity of raindrops dosimeter exposure to hazards, especially radiation durometer hardness dynameter magnification of a telescope dynamometer force or torque elaeometer specific gravity of oils electrometer electric charge eudiometer change in volume of a gas mixture following combustion evaporimeter rate of evaporation galvanometer electricity gas pycnometer volume and density of solids graphometer angles heliometer variation of the sun s diameter hydrometer specific gravity of liquids hygrometer humidity inkometer ink interferometer wave interference katharometer composition of gases lactometer specific gravity of milk light meter light in photography magnetometer strength of magnetic fields manometer pressure mass spectrometer masses of ions, used to identify chemical substances through their mass spectra multimeter electrical potential, resistance, and current nephelometer particle in a liquid odometer distance ohmmeter electrical resistance osmomet ...   more details



  1. Goldbeater's skin

    Goldbeater s skin the outer membrane of calf s intestine is a parchment traditionally used in the process of making gold leaf by beating reducing gold into mere 1 m thick leaves. Up to 120 sheets of gold laminated with goldbeater s skin can be beaten at the same time, since the skin is thin, elastic and does not tear under heavy goldbeating . To manufacture goldbeater s skin, the gut of oxen or other cattle is soaked in a dilute solution of potassium hydroxide , washed, stretched, beaten flat and thin, and treated chemically to prevent putrefaction . A pack of 1,000 pieces of goldbeater s skin requires the gut of about 400 oxen, and is only 1  inch thick. Uses Goldbeater s skin is used as the sensitive element in hygrometer s, since, due to its hygroscopy hygroscopic property, variations in atmospheric humidity cause skin contraction or expansion. Alexander Graham Bell used a drum of goldbeater s skin with an armature of magnetised iron attached to its middle as a sound receiver see Invention of the telephone and the North German Confederation printed 10 and 30 groschen postage stamp s on goldbeater s skin, to prevent reuse of these high value stamps. Joseph Thomas Clover invented an apparatus for the inhalation of chloroform in 1862. This consisted of a large reservoir bag lined with goldbeater s skin to make it airtight, into which a known volume of liquid chloroform was injected. ref Sykes WS 1960 . Essays on the First Hundred Years of Anaesthesia , Vol. 2, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh. ISBN 0 443 02866 4, p. 8. ref Due to its transparency, strength, and fairly uniform thickness, goldbeater s skin is also used to repair holes and tears in manuscripts written on vellum . In the early 1900s decade 1900s large quantities of goldbeater s skin were used to make the gas bags of rigid airship s, exhausting the available supply about 200,000 sheets for a typical World War I Zeppelin , while the USS Shenandoah ZR 1 USS Shenandoah needed 750,000 sheets. ref name P ...   more details



  1. Jean-André Deluc

    upon moisture, evaporation and the indications of hygrometer s and thermometer s, applied ... of a new hygrometer, which resembled a mercurial thermometer, with an ivory bulb, which expanded by moisture ...   more details



  1. 100 Biggest Weather Moments

    Infobox television show name 100 Biggest Weather Moments image Image 100 Biggest Weather Moments.jpg caption 100 Biggest Weather Moments title screen format Documentary film Documentary runtime approx. 1 hour per episode creator executive producer starring Host br Harry Connick, Jr. br Other br Various celebrity commentaries, br The Weather Channel s on air meteorologists country USA network The Weather Channel United States The Weather Channel first aired April 15, 2007 last aired April 19, 2007 num episodes 5 website http www.weather.com aboutus television 100biggest 100 Biggest Weather Moments is a 2007 in television 2007 five part miniseries on The Weather Channel United States The Weather Channel , that premiere d on April 15 and aired nightly through Thursday, April 19, and is the biggest documentary film documentary effort in The Weather Channel s 25 year history. ref http home.businesswire.com portal site google index.jsp?ndmViewId news view&newsId 20070419005069&newsLang en The Weather Channel Unveils Number One Weather Moment Global Warming , Business Wire , April 19, 2007 ref The series is TV host host ed by Harry Connick, Jr. and countdown counts down the top weather related events with commentary from various celebrities. The collection of weather moments is the work of more than 120 meteorologists ref http nab.broadcastnewsroom.com articles viewarticle.jsp?id 125329 Big Moments In Forecast BroadcastNewsroom Bot generated title ref . Episode Details class wikitable Ep. Moment Original Air Date Ep. length 1 100 78 April 15, 2007 rowspan 9 1 hour 2 77 56 April 16, 2007 3 55 34 April 17, 2007 4 33 13 April 18, 2007 5 12 1 April 19, 2007 Weather Moments div style float left width 48 Episode 1 100. The Snow Plow Game http www.weather.com aboutus television 100biggest 99. Stradivarius Stradivarius violins 98. Great Flood of 1993 1993 Midwest Flooding 97. William Henry Harrison Blowing in the wind 96. Sunglasses 95. Hygrometer The hygrometer 94. Judgment of Pa ...   more details




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