For the typographical sense, see Homoglyph . For the geometrical sense, see Homography . File Homograph homophone venn diagram.png thumb 472px Venn diagram showing the relationships between homographs yellow and related linguistic concepts. Wiktionarypar homograph A homograph from the lang el , hom s , same and , gr ph , write is a word or a group of words that share the same written form but have different meanings. When spoken, the meanings may be distinguished by different pronunciations in which case the words are also heteronym linguistics heteronym s or they may not in which case the words are also both homophone s and homonym s according to the definition of homonyms as words with the same writing and pronunciation however, in a looser sense the term homonym may be applied to words with the same writing or pronunciation, in which case all homographs are also homonyms . Homograph disambiguation is critically important in speech synthesis , natural language processing and other fields. Identically written different senses of what is judged to be fundamentally the same word are called polyseme s for example, wood substance and wood area covered with trees . In English Examples 1 bear verb to support or carry bear noun the animal In 1 the words are identical in spelling and pronunciation i.e. they are also homophones , but differ in meaning and grammatical function. 2 sow verb to plant seed sow noun female pig 2 is an example of two words spelt identically but pronounced differently. Here confusion is not possible in spoken language but can occasionally occur in written language. More examples main List of English homographs class wikitable Word Example of first ... long IPA t lengthen, elder References references See also Heterography and homography IDN homograph ... da Homograf de Homograph es Homograf a fa fr Homographe gl Hom grafo id Homograf it Omografia ... j zykoznawstwo pt Hom grafo ro Omograf ru simple Homograph sv Homograf tl Homograpo uk ... more details
The internationalized domain name IDN homograph attack is a way a malicious party may deceive computer users about what remote system they are communicating with, by exploiting the fact that many different grapheme characters look alike, i.e., they are homograph s, hence the term for the attack . For example, a person frequenting citibank .com may be lured to click the link itibank.com punycode xn itibank xjg.com where the Latin alphabet Latin C is replaced with the Cyrillic alphabet Cyrillic . This kind of spoofing attack is also known as script spoofing . Unicode incorporates numerous writing systems, and for a number of reasons similarly looking characters, such as Greek , Latin O and Cyrillic , were not assigned the same code. Their incorrect or malicious usage is a possibility for security attacks. ref name tr36 http unicode.org reports tr36 tr36 8.html Bidirectional Text Spoofing Unicode Security Considerations , Technical Report 36, 2010 04 28 ref The registration of homographic domain names is akin to typosquatting . The major difference is that in typosquatting the perpetrator relies on natural human typos, while in homograph spoofing the perpetrator intentionally deceives ... that look alike and are known as homoglyph s a subgroup of homograph s . Spoofing attack s based on these similarities are known as homograph spoofing attacks . For example 0 the number and O the letter ... of characters in many scripts this greatly increased the scope for homograph attacks. This opens a rich ... , published a paper titled The Homograph Attack , ref name tha Evgeniy Gabrilovich and Alex Gontmakher, http www.cs.technion.ac.il gabr papers homograph full.pdf The Homograph Attack , Communications ..., every such address is a homograph of every other. Since typical users cannot read punycode ..., code .ac code or code .museum code prevents homograph attacks by restricting which characters ... by registries which are taking appropriate homograph spoofing attack precautions. ref http www.mozilla.org ... more details
Wiktionarypar heteronym Heteronym may refer to Heteronym linguistics , one of a group of words with identical spellings but different meanings and pronunciations though sometimes they have enough homophony to be considered a mondegreen Heteronym literature , imaginary characters created by a poet See also onym Homonym Capitonym Homograph Polysemy disambig de Heteronym fr H t ronyme nl Heteroniem no Heteronym pt Heter nimo fi Heteronyymi th ... more details
About a phishing scam the legitimate payment system PayPal Paypai capitalised as PayPaI is a phishing scam, which targets account holders of the widely used internet payment service, PayPal , using the fact that a capital i may be difficult to distinguish from a lower case L in some computer Typeface fonts a so called homograph attack . It sends PayPal account holders a notification email, saying PayPal temporarily suspended your account . It was active before in mid 2000. PayPal then sent account holders a notification email when they received payments. e mail spam Spam was sent out, mimicking these payment notifications and indicating that the account holder had received a large payment and directed recipients to paypai.com through a link in the message. PayPal is often the target of phishing attacks as seen in the picture on the right. The site, paypai.com, was an exact replica of the HTML source code and images that PayPal uses on its home page. While devious, this was not difficult, since the HTML and images are downloaded for display whenever a user visits a website. The site was registered with Network Solutions to a Birykov in South Ural, Russia. The site was quickly shut down. At the time, MS Sans Serif , a font similar to Arial that rendered capital I and lowercase l almost identically, was the default font in the address bar on most Windows applications. When Windows XP was released in 2001, Tahoma typeface Tahoma became the default Tahoma places serifs on the capital I to easily distinguish it from lowercase l. See also IDN homograph attack http news.zdnet.co.uk internet security 0,39020375,2080344,00.htm ZDNet UK PayPal alert Beware the PaypaI scam Scams and confidence tricks Category Social engineering computer security Category Spamming ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 For the Wales Welsh landform Ll n peninsula Llyn is the Welsh language Welsh word for lake or, occasionally, pond or pool . The word and its cognates in other Celtic languages such as the Irish language Irish linn and the breton language Breton lenn , as well their derivatives including lyn , lynn and lin appear in many Toponymy placenames throughout the current and former Celtic world, as, for example, in Dublin Name Dublin and King s Lynn . Although most of the place names containing llyn or one its variants indeed refer to lakes, ponds or other water features, there are some llyn place names, even in Wales, in which the derivation is otherwise see Ll n peninsula and Leinster in which the llyn sound, which carries a different accent in Welsh, is believed to derive from the name of a tribe . In these cases the apparent similarity probably came about through the processes of associative homonym y and homograph y where words of different origin come to be pronounced and spelled in identical or near identical ways. See also Ll n peninsula Tarn lake Lough , Loch Hydronym Category Hydronymy Category Welsh words and phrases Category Welsh toponyms Category Celtic toponyms Category Lakes ... more details
Infobox River river name Chapayevka River, Mocha River image name caption origin Siny Syrt , Samara Oblast , Russia mouth Saratov Reservoir , Volga basin countries Russia length 298 km elevation mouth elevation discharge 2.53 m s watershed 4,310 km Chapayevka lang ru or the Mocha lang ru is a river in Samara Oblast , Russia , a left tributary of the Volga River . It origins at the slope of Siny Syrt and flows to the Saratov Reservoir , near Novokuybyshevsk , Samara, Russia Samara agglomeration. It is 298 km long. The town of Chapayevsk stays alongside the river. The river is navigable for 34 from its mouth. The river has snow feeding and dries up in the upper stream. Since November till April it is use to be frozen. Major inflows are Petrushka River Petrushka , Vetlyanka , Vyazovka . The river originally was named M cha which is a homograph with moch , the Russian for urine . In 1925 it was renamed Chapayevka in honor of the Russian Civil War Red Army Red hero Vasily Chapayev . Volga River coord missing Samara Oblast Category Rivers of Samara Oblast cs Mo a de Tschapajewka es R o Chap yevka fr Tchapa evka no Tsjapajevka nn Tsjapajevka ru uk zh ... more details
Different Same Same Homograph Different Same Same or different Homophone Different Same or different ... Same or different File Homograph homophone venn diagram.png thumb 472px Venn diagram showing ... similar linguistic concepts are related to homonymy. These include Homograph s literally same .... ref group note Some sources restrict the term homograph to words that have the same spelling but different ... Britannica 14th Edition entry for homograph . ref If they are pronounced the same then they are also ... Edition entry for homograph . ref If they are spelled the same then they are also homographs and homonyms ... and a homograph, is fluke . Fluke can mean A fish, and a flatworm . The end parts of an anchor ... more details
On the Internet , the Internationalized Resource Identifier IRI is a generalization of the Uniform Resource Identifier URI . While URIs are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set, IRIs may contain characters from the Universal Character Set Unicode ISO 10646 , including Chinese or Japanese kanji , Korean alphabet Korean , Cyrillic alphabet Cyrillic characters, and so forth. It is defined by RFC 3987. Advantages There are reasons to see URIs displayed in different languages mostly, it makes it easier for users who are unfamiliar with the Latin A Z alphabet. Assuming that it isn t too difficult for anyone to replicate arbitrary Unicode on their keyboards, this can make the URI system more worldly and accessible. Disadvantages Mixing IRIs and ASCII Uniform Resource Identifier URI s can make it much easier to do phishing attacks that trick someone into believing they are on a site they really are not on. For example, one can replace the a in www. ebay .com or www. paypal .com with an internationalized look alike a character, and point that IRI to a malicious site. This is known as an IDN homograph attack . While a URI does not provide people with a way to specify Web resources using their own alphabets, an IRI does not make clear how Web resources can be accessed with keyboards that are not capable of generating the requisite internationalized characters. See also XRI Extensible Resource Identifier Internationalized domain name IDN Internationalized Domain Name Punycode External links http www.w3.org International W3C Internationalization Activity http annevankesteren.nl 2005 02 iri Anne van Kesteren s blog entry on IRI References references Categories Category Internet standards compu stub Interwikies de Internationalized Resource Identifier fr Internationalized Resource Identifier it Internationalized Resource Identifier ja Internationalized Resource Identifier pl Internationalized Resource Identifier pt IRI ru IRI scn Idintificaturi di Risorsi Intirnazziunali ... more details
A Spoofed URL describes one website that poses as another. It sometimes applies a mechanism that exploits bugs in web browser technology, allowing a malicious computer attack. Such attacks are most effective against computers that lack recent security patches. Others are designed for the purpose of a parody . During such an attack, a computer user innocently visits a web site and sees a familiar Uniform Resource Locator URL in the address bar such as nowiki http www.wikipedia.org nowiki but is, in reality, sending information to an entirely different location that would typically be monitored by an information thief. When sensitive information is requested by a fraudulent website, it is called phishing . The user is typically enticed to the false website from an email or a hyperlink from another website. In another variation, a website may look like the original, but is in fact a parody of it. These are mostly harmless, and are more noticeably different from the original, as they usually do not exploit bugs in web browser technology. This can also take place in a hosts file . It can redirect a site s to another IP, which could be a spoofed website. See also Spoofing attack Social engineering computer security Computer insecurity IDN homograph attack Hosts file Hosts File External links Secunia security describes http secunia.com advisories 10395 Microsoft Internet Explorer URL spoofing vulnerability 2003 Microsoft Knowledge Base Article http support.microsoft.com ?id 833786 833786 Steps that you can take to help identify and to help protect yourself from deceptive spoofed Web sites and malicious hyperlinks. Category Computer network security Category Internet fraud Category URL Internet stub de URL Spoofing nl URL spoofing ... more details
Bole is a color that is a symbolic representation of the color of the Bole botany trunk of a tree . Fact date November 2007 There is an English language English word bole meaning the trunk of a tree, but according to the American Heritage Dictionary , this word http www.bartleby.com 61 34 B0373400.html is simply a homograph homophone that does not share the etymological origin of the color word bole http www.bartleby.com 61 35 B0373500.html , which derives from Latin b lus lump of earth and refers to a kind of soft fine clay whose reddish brown varieties are used as pigments, hence its use as a word for a reddish brown color. Another name for the color bole is terra rosa . The color name terra rosa has been used as a synonym for bole since 1753 . ref Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York 1930 McGraw Hill Page 205 ref The color terra rosa is classified a warm red color. In art , it classified as being similar to Venetian red , but more pink or salmon color salmon . Bole infobox color textcolor white title Bole hex 79443B r 121 g 68 b 59 c 0 m 70 y 60 k 20 h 30 s 24 v 34 source http tx4.us nbs nbs b.htm ISCC NBS The color bole is displayed at right. This color represents the color of a bole the trunk of a tree . Fact date November 2007 Bole is one of the oldest color names in English language English . The first recorded use of bole as a color name in English was in the year 1386 . ref Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York 1930 McGraw Hill Page 190 Color Sample of Bole Page 33 Plate 5 Color Sample F11 ref References reflist External links http tx4.us nbs nbs b.htm ISCC NBS Dictionary of Color Names 1955 Color dictionary used by stamp collectors to identify the colors of stamps See sample of the color Bole color sample 43 displayed on indicated page. See also List of colors Shades of brown Category Shades of brown Bole it Tronco colore ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Michele pronounced muh SHELL mee SHELL , or MEE shell an English female given name or pronounced mee KEH leh is an Italian male given name and equivalent to the English Michael it is an example of a homograph . It derives from the Latin Michaelem , and originally from the Hebrew Mi Kha El , composed of words mi who , kha how and El , short form of Eloh m, God. The literal meaning is, therefore, Who is like God . Michele s Name Day is on September 29 for the Catholic Church and on November 8 for the Orthodox Church. Michele Abbruzzo , actor Michele Alboreto , Grand Prix driver Michele Amari , politician Michele Andreolo , soccer player Michele Bachmann , U.S. Representative from Minnesota Michele Bianchi , journalist Chrisette Michele , the stage name of a neo soul singer Michele Canini , soccer player Michele Ferrero , chocolate magnate Michele Greco , mafioso Michele Lee , actress Michele Lee ,Healer Michele MacNaughton , South African field hockey player Michele Merkin , American model and television host Michele Mitchell , American diver Michele Pasinato , Italian volleyball player Michele Placido , actor Michele R fenacht , Swiss decathlete Michele Santoro , journalist Michele Scarabelli , actress Michele Sepe , Italian rugby union player Michele Serra , journalist Michele Sindona , banker Michele Soavi , director Michele Tafoya , American sports journalist Michele Timms born 1965 , Australian basketball player Category Italian masculine given names Category English feminine given names de Michele ... more details
Image Cyrillic YO.png thumb 100px Yo Cyrillic Yo Yoficator lang ru is a computer program or extension for a text editor that restores the Cyrillic alphabet Cyrillic letter Yo Cyrillic Yo lang ru in Russian texts in places where the letter Ye Cyrillic Ye lang ru was used instead. The majority of newspapers and publishers use Ye in all contexts, assuming that an educated reader can distinguish which letter is meant. This creates a large number of homograph s but not homophone s , and this is the problem the yoficator is intended to fix. The problem of choice between Ye and Yo in spelling can be fairly complex and requires a deep analysis of the context. Therefore yoficators capable of completely solving this problem automatically do not yet exist. The existing yoficators ref ru icon http vgiv.narod.ru yo.html Yoficator Yo by Vladimir Ivanov. ref ref ru icon http krina.land.ru RusYaz RusYaz.htm . ru Microsoft Word Microsoft Word. ref ref ru icon http python.anabar.ru yo.htm ru Vim VIM XEmacs . ref rely on specially created databases of Russian words containing the letter Yo, and either replace Ye by Yo only in indisputable cases incomplete or quick yofication or work interactively leaving the choice to the user in uncertain cases as, for example, the choice between lang ru everyone and lang ru everything . The term yoficator is also used to mean one who yoficates , or, in the broad sense of the word, a supporter of using the letter Yo . ref ru icon http yomaker.narod.ru c ref Notes reflist Category Spelling checking programs Category Russian language es Yoficator ia Yoficator ru sr uk ... more details
Infobox Writing system type alphabet name ASL phabet languages ASL time fami1 Stokoe notation sample imagesize ASL phabet , or the ASL Alphabet , is a writing system designed by Samuel Supalla for American Sign Language ASL . The ASL phabet is based on the Stokoe notation , and like it is a phonemic script, but it has been simplified to the point where there is some ambiguity homograph s , that is, more than one sign spelled the same way. For example, whereas Stokoe has 24 letters encoding types of movement, ASL phabet has just 5. However, the authors find that it is sufficient to look up ASL words in an ASL English dictionary. Altogether, ASL phabet has 22 letters for hand shape, 5 for location, and 5 for movement. They are written in that order, with the possibility for several letters of each type, such as two handshape letters for a two handed sign. Like the Stokoe notation, the ASL phabet does not encode facial expressions or mouthing , and so is perhaps not sufficient for extended text. However, Hulst & Channon 2010 note, This system, much more than SignWriting , acknowledges the fact rightly, we believe that a written representation of a word does not need to be a recipe to produce it, but only to be sufficiently unique to act as a trigger to activate the relevant words in the reader s mind. References Harry van der Hulst and Rachel Channon, 2010, Notation systems , in Brentari, ed, Sign Languages . Cambridge University Press. External links http www.aslphabet.com ASL phabet homepage , with an ASLphabet to ASL video input system and an ASL to English dictionary for children. Category American Sign Language Category Sign language notation ... more details
In English spelling , the three letter rule or short word rule is the observation that one and two letter words tend to be function words such as I , at , he , if , of , or , etc. As a consequence of the rule, content word s tend to have at least three Letter alphabet letters . In particular, content words containing fewer than three phoneme s may be augmented with letters which are phonetically redundant, such as eb b , ad d , eg g , in n , be e , se e , aw e , b u y , o we , etc. Origin Many content words would be homograph s of common function words if not for the latter s redundant letters e.g. be bee , in inn , I eye , to two . Otto Jespersen , describing the phenomenon in 1909, suggested the short spelling was a marker of reduced Lexical stress stress . Content words always have at least one stressed syllable , whereas function words are Weak form and strong form often completely unstressed shorter spellings help to reflect this. Interjection s such as ah , eh , lo , yo are always stressed. Punctuation serves to isolate these elements. In Old English language Old English , inflection s increased the length of most content words in any case. Through to the seventeenth century, before English spelling was firmly settled, short forms for some content words did occur, such as eg egg , ey eye , lo low , etc. Conversely, poets such as John Milton alternated between short and long forms for function words, depending on whether they occurred on or off the poetic meter meter . For instance So spake the false Arch Angel, and infus d Bad influence into th unwarie brest Of his Associate hee together calls, Or several one by one, the Regent Powers, Under him Regent, tells, as he was taught, Paradise Lost , Book 5, ll. 694 698 Exceptions While many function words have more than two letters and , she , were , therefore , etc. , the exceptions to the rule are rather two letter content words. Only a few of these occur commonly in most texts the words go which also has a functi ... more details
In law , the Golden rule , or British rule , is a form of statutory interpretation that allows a judge to depart from a word s normal meaning in order to avoid an wikt absurd absurd result. Circumstances of use It is not a compromise between the Plain Meaning Rule plain meaning or literal rule and the mischief rule in strict sense of the term. Like the plain meaning rule , it gives the words of a statute their plain, ordinary meaning. However, when this may lead to an irrational result that is unlikely to be the legislature s intention, the judge can depart from this meaning. In the case of homograph s, where a word can have more than one meaning, the judge can choose the preferred meaning if the word only has one meaning, but applying this would lead to a bad decision, the judge can apply a completely different meaning. Basis The rule is usually based on part of Becke v Smith 1836 2 M&W 195 per Parke B who became Lord Wensleydale Fact date December 2007 , which states blockquote It is a very useful rule in the construction of a statute to adhere to the ordinary meaning of the words used, and to the grammatical construction, unless that is at variance with the intention of the legislature to be collected from the statute itself, or leads to any manifest absurdity or repugnance, in which case the language may be varied or modified so as to avoid such inconvenience but no further. blockquote This is supported by Lord Wensleydale in Grey v. Pearson 1857 6 HL Cas 61, 106 10ER 1216, 1234, who said blockquote I n construing sic statutes, and all written instruments, the grammatical and ordinary sense of the words is to be adhered to, unless that would lead to some absurdity or inconsistency with the rest of the instrument, in which case the grammatical and ordinary sense of the words may be modified, so as to avoid that absurdity or inconsistency, but not farther. blockquote Worked examples This rule may be used in two ways. It is applied most frequently in a narrow sense ... more details
for the Torah cantillation mark with the same name Gershayim trope class wikitable style float right margin 3px width 20em colspan 3 Gershayim style line height 200 text align center punctuation mark style font size 200 Unicode style font size 200 Unicode style line height 210 text align center cantillation mark style font size 210 Unicode style font size 210 Unicode colspan 3 small compare with quotation marks small align center colspan 3 style font size 150 Unicode , Hebrew punctuation Gershayim lang he , without niqqud , also occasionally grashayim lang he , ref name GHG15f Cite GHG 15 f . ref names two distinct Typography tyographical marks in the Hebrew language . The name literally means double geresh . Punctuation mark Gershayim most commonly refers to the punctuation mark . It is always written before the last letter of the non inflected form of a word or numeral. It s used in the following ways To indicate an acronym . ref name academy punctuation guidelines 31 http hebrew academy.huji.ac.il decision5.html Hebrew Punctuation guidelines, 31 , Academy of the Hebrew Language ref For example singular , plural , report represents and masculine , feminine , squad commander represents . To indicate a multi digit Hebrew numeral . For example represents 18. ref Cite GHG 5 k ff. ref Single digit numerals are indicated with a following geresh . To indicate the names of Hebrew letters, differentiating them from any homograph s. ref name academy punctuation guidelines 31 Compare he sketched an eye with he sketched an ayin . To indicate Hebrew word Semitic root roots . ref name academy punctuation guidelines 31 For example the root of IPA ta be tsim crossword puzzles is Unicode b the root of IPA leha tot to tilt, to conjugate is Unicode n h and the root of IPA histankre ... more details
Unicode , a circumflex is a letter of the Friulian language Friulian , Romanian language Romanian and Vietnamese language Vietnamese alphabets. This letter also appears in Croatian language Croatian , French language French , Galician language Galician , Portuguese language Portuguese , Serbian language Serbian , Slovenian language Slovenian , West Frisian language Frisian , Welsh Language Welsh , Turkish language Turkish , and Walloon language as a variant of the letter a . Usage in various languages Croatian and Serbian is not a letter in the Croatian language Croatian and Serbian language Serbian , but simply an a with the circumflex. It is used only occasionally, in order to disambiguate homograph s which differ only by length of the vowel. Such situation is most common in but not exclusive to the genitive case , thus the name genitive sign for the circumflex. For example, Ja sam s m. lang en I am alone. Faroese Johan Henrik Schr ter , who translated the Gospel of Matthew into Faroese language Faroese in 1823, used to denote a non syllabic a, as in the following example align center border 1 cellpadding 3 cellspacing 0 Schr ter 1817 Modern Faroese Brinhlid situr uj gjiltan Stouli, br Te hit ve na Vujv, br Drevur hoon Sj ra e v Nordlondun br Uj Hildarhaj tiil sujn. Brynhild situr gyltum st li, br ta hitt v na v v, br dregur hon Sj r a av Nor londum br Hildarhei til s n. is not used in modern Faroese, however. French in the French language is used as the letter a with a circumflex accent. It is a remnant of old French, where a vowel was followed by the consonant s . For example, the modern form b ton lang en stick comes from the ancient French baston . Phonetically, is pronounced as an emphasized a . Friulian is used to represent the IPA sound. Romanian is the 3rd letter of the Romanian alphabet and represents IPA . This sound is also represented in Romanian as letter . Vietnamese is the 3rd letter of the Vietnamese alphabet and r ... more details
File Homograph homophone venn diagram.png thumb 472px Venn diagram showing the relationships between heteronyms and related linguistic concepts. IPA notice lang en In linguistics , heteronyms also known as heterophones are words that are written identically but have different pronunciations and meanings. In other words, they are homograph s that are not homophone s. Thus, row propel with oars and row argument are heteronyms, but mean intend and mean average are not since they are pronounced the same . Heteronym pronunciation may vary in vowel realisation, in stress pattern see also Initial stress derived noun , or in other ways Do you know what a buck does to does ? I like to read . In fact, I read a book yesterday. Don t desert me here in the desert With every number I read, my mind gets number and number . Most heteronyms are doubles. Triple heteronyms are extremely rare an example, sin , is listed below. Proper nouns can sometimes be heteronyms. For example, the final syllable of Oregon disambiguation Oregon is pronounced like the word in by residents of that state in the USA, while in the name of the village of Oregon in Wisconsin, the final syllable is pronounced like the word on . There are also pairs which include both initialisms and regular words, e.g., US and us . Citation needed date December 2009 are these considered to be written idnetically ? Heteronyms can also occur in non alphabetic languages. For example, the Chinese character can be pronounced h ng , meaning profession , or x ng , meaning OK . Heterophone literally just means different sound , and this term is sometimes applied to words that are just pronounced differently, irrespective of their spelling. Such a definition would obviously include virtually every pair of words in the language, so heterophone in this sense is normally restricted to instances where there is some particular reason to highlight the different sound. For example, pun s normally involve homophones, but in the case of heterophonic ... more details
about the term in linguistics Homophony disambiguation File Homograph homophone venn diagram.png thumb 472px Venn diagram showing the relationships between homophones blue and related linguistic concepts. A homophone is a word that is Pronunciation pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning. The words may be Spelling spelled the same, such as wikt rose Noun rose flower and wikt rose Verb rose past tense of rise , or differently, such as Carat unit carat , caret , and carrot , or to , two , and too . Homophones that are spelled the same are also both homographs and homonyms . ref According to the strict sense of homonyms as words with the same spelling and pronunciation however, homonyms according to the loose sense common in nontechnical contexts are words with the same spelling or pronunciation, in which case all homophones are also homonyms. http dictionary.reference.com browse homonym?r 66 Random House Unabridged Dictionary entry for homonym at Dictionary.com ref Homophones that are spelled differently are also called heterographs . The term homophone may also apply to units longer or shorter than words, such as phrases, letters or groups of letters that are pronounced the same as another phrase, letter or group of letters. The word derives from the Greek language Greek homo , same , and ph n , voice, utterance . The opposite is Heteronym linguistics heterophone similar, but not phonetically identical words. In wordplay and games Homophones are often used to create pun s and to deceive the reader as in crossword crossword puzzles or to suggest multiple meanings. The last usage is common in poetry and creative literature . An example of this is seen in Dylan Thomas s radio play Under Milk Wood The shops in mourning where mourning can be heard as mourning or morning . Another vivid example is Thomas Hood s use of birth & berth and told & toll d tolled in his poem Faithless Sally Brown His death, which happen d in his berth, At forty odd befell ... more details
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