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Haplogroup R (mtDNA)
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Encyclopedia results for Haplogroup R (mtDNA)

Haplogroup R (mtDNA)





Encyclopedia results for Haplogroup R (mtDNA)

  1. Haplogroup R (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name R map Haplogroup R mtDNA & subclades.PNG origin date 66,000 YBP ref name soares ... 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , haplogroup R is a very extended Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup and is the most common macro haplogroup in West Eurasia . Haplogroup R is a descendant of macro Haplogroup N mtDNA haplogroup N . Among its descendant haplogroups are Haplogroup B mtDNA B , haplogroup U mtDNA U and thus haplogroup K mtDNA K , Haplogroup F mtDNA F , Haplogroup R0 mtDNA R0 and thus Haplogroup HV mtDNA HV , Haplogroup H mtDNA H , and Haplogroup V mtDNA V , and the ancestral haplogroup of Haplogroup J mtDNA J and Haplogroup T mtDNA T . Origin As of June 2009, the most recent study dates the origin of haplogroup R to 66.6kya ... bitstream 10062 567 5 karmin.pdf Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup R in India Thesis, University of Tartu ref The analysis of the indigenous haplogroup R lineages in India points to a common first spread of the root haplotypes of Haplogroup M mtDNA M , Haplogroup N mtDNA N , and R along the southern ... . About 89 of Europe ans are of mtDNA macro haplogroup R. ref Eupedia.com. http www.eupedia.com ... haplogroups by region in percentage ref Subclades Haplogroup R Haplogroup R0 mtDNA R0 or pre HV R0a ... vanOven and subsequent published research. R Haplogroup R0 mtDNA R0 formerly pre HV R0a R0a1 R0a2 ... U mtDNA U References references MtDNA External links Haplogroup R Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org ... public mtDNA 20R Haplogroup R project at Family Tree DNA General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk ... mtDNA N descendants Haplogroup R0 mtDNA R0 , R1, Haplogroup pre JT mtDNA R2 JT , R5, R6 7, R8, 16304, R11 Haplogroup B mtDNA B , R12 21, R14, R23, R30, R31, Haplogroup P mtDNA P , Haplogroup U mtDNA ... for the Peopling of South Asia. ref Haplogroup R has wide diversity and antiquity among varied ethnic ... of Mitochondrial DNA Macrohaplogroup N in India with Special Reference to Haplogroup R and its Sub ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup A (mtDNA)

    ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup A is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin File Map of human migrations.jpg 400px right thumb mtDNA based chart of possible large human migrations. Haplogroup A is believed to have arisen in Asia some 30,000 50,000 years before present . Its ancestral haplogroup was Haplogroup N mtDNA Haplogroup ... Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Aiyana . See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic ...Infobox haplogroup name A map Migration map4.png origin date 50,000 YBP origin place Asia ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N descendants A3, A4, A5, A7, A8 mutations 152, 235, 523 524d, 663, 1736, 4248, 4824 ... Valls, Mauricio R. Bogo, Francisco M. Salzano, David Glenn Smith, Wilson A. Silva, Marco A. Zago, Andrea ... and central Asia, while its subgroup A2 is found in Siberia and is also one of five mtDNA haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas , the others being Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , and Haplogroup X mtDNA X . ref name Fagundes Haplogroup A is the most common haplogroup among the Chukchis , Eskimos , Na Dene s, and many Amerind ethnic groups of North and Central America. 7.5 of the Japanese people Japanese belong to haplogroup A mostly A4 and A5 . 2 of Turkish people belong to haplogroup A. ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC2488347 pdf 1471 2156 9 47.pdf ref clear Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup A subclades ... Maiden , has been shown to belong to mitochondrial haplogroup A. ref name mmm cite web url http ... Amador MtDNA References reflist External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup A http www.plosone.org ... Founders PLoS https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm012 Spread of Haplogroup A , from National Geographic http www.olypen.com amelia aiyana Aiyana DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup S (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name S origin date origin place ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N descendants S1, S2 mutations 8404 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract accessdate 2009 05 20 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 pmid 18853457 ref In human genetics , Haplogroup S is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . It is a descendant of macrohaplogroup Haplogroup N mtDNA N . Origin Empty section date December 2009 Distribution It is found in Aboriginal Australians . ref http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap S.htm Haplogroup S. ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup S subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation ref name vanOven and subsequent published research. S S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics MtDNA References references External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Category Human mtDNA haplogroups S genetics stub bioinformatics stub ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum S cs Haploskupina S mtDNA es Haplogrupo S ADNmt ru S ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup T (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name T origin date approx. 10,000 12,000 years before present origin place believed to be Mesopotamia , the Fertile Crescent , and or modern Syria and Turkey ancestor Haplogroup JT mtDNA ... ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup T is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Known Origins Mitochondrial mtDNA Haplogroup T derives from the Haplogroup JT mtDNA haplogroup JT , which also gave rise to Haplogroup J mtDNA haplogroup J . Haplogroup T is thought to have originated ... of Genetic Genealogy gives the following standardized description about mtDNA Haplogroup T and two of its main subclades The mitochondrial Haplogroup T is best characterized as a European lineage. With an origin in the Near East greater than 45,000 years ago, the major sub lineages of Haplogroup ... . ref http www.jogg.info 21 Pike.html Phylogenetic Networks for the Human mtDNA Haplogroup T , David ... ref However, these findings have been disputed. People of mtDNA Haplogroup T Expand section date ... royals have been found to be of this mtDNA Haplogroup, in addition to Haplogroup H mtDNA . The United ... Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics Haplogroup T Y DNA mtDNA References ... index other DNA MTDNA HAPLOGROUP T.html Discussion List at RootsWeb http www3.nationalgeographic.com ..., England http danishdemes.org mtDNA results HgT.html Danish Demes Regional DNA Project mtDNA Haplogroup ... T sequence T5 T2 http www.jogg.info 21 Pike.html Phylogenetic Networks for the Human mtDNA Haplogroup T http www.familytreedna.com public T FGS default.aspx mtDNA Haplogroup T Full Genomic Sequence Research Project http www.jogg.info 21 Pike.pdf Phylogenetic Networks for the Human mtDNA Haplogroup ... are less prone to diabetes DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup T MtDNA Category Human mtDNA haplogroups T Category ... book The Seven Daughters of Eve , Bryan Sykes , who is himself in Haplogroup T, named the originator ... find Haplogroup T , the root Haplogroup for Haplogroup T, widely distributed in Europe. About subclade ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup JT (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name JT origin date 50,300 YBP origin place Southwest Asia ancestor Haplogroup pre JT mtDNA R2 JT descendants Haplogroup J mtDNA J , Haplogroup T mtDNA T mutations 11251, 15452A, 16126 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 pmid 18853457 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup JT is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin A descendant of the macro haplogroup Haplogroup R mtDNA R , Haplogroup JT is the ancestral haplogroup to mitochondrial haplogroups Haplogroup J mtDNA J and Haplogroup T mtDNA T . Distribution Empty section date December 2009 Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup JT subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation ref name vanOven and subsequent published research. R2 JT JT J T See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics MtDNA References references External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Category Human mtDNA haplogroups JT bioinformatics stub genetics stub cs Haploskupina JT mtDNA es Haplogrupo JT ADNmt ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup P (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name P origin date origin place ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA R descendants Haplogroup P1 mtDNA P1 mutations 15607 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup P is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup P is a descendant of Haplogroup R mtDNA Haplogroup R . Distribution Today, P is found in the Australian continent , especially in Papuan , Melanesian and Australian Aborigines . ref name Friedlaender Friedlaender et al. 2005 April, http mbe.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 22 6 1506 Expanding Southwest Pacific Mitochondrial Haplogroups P and Q , 22 6 1506 ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup P subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation ref name vanOven ref and subsequent published research. P P1 P1d P1d1 P2 P3 P3a P3b P3b1 P4 P4a P4a1 P4b P4b1 P5 P6 P7 P9 References references See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics MtDNA External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup P http mbe.oxfordjournals.org cgi content full 22 6 1506 Expanding Southwest Pacific Mitochondrial Haplogroups P and Q Category Human mtDNA haplogroups P genetics stub bioinformatics stub cs Haploskupina P mtDNA es Haplogrupo P ADNmt ru P ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup HV (mtDNA)

    haplogroup R0 mtDNA R0 descendants HV0, HV1, HV2, HV3, HV4, HV5, Haplogroup H mtDNA H mutations 14766 ... mtDNA haplogroup U5 . These continued migrations sounded the end of the era of the Neandertals , a hominid ... name Malyarchuk HV HV0 formerly known as pre V HV0a formerly known as preV 2 HV0a1 Haplogroup V mtDNA ... HV10 Haplogroup H mtDNA H See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Population Genetics mtDNA ... Tree DNA Rebekah A. Canada s http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA HV mtDNA Haplogroup HV Project at Familytreedna Family Tree DNA DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup Hv Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups ...Infobox haplogroup name HV origin date 25000 30000 YBP origin place Near East or Caucasus ref name Malyarchuk ... In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup HV is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup HV derives from the haplogroup R0 mtDNA Haplogroup R0 which in turn derives from haplogroup R mtDNA haplogroup R . HV is also the ancestral haplogroup to Haplogroup H mtDNA Haplogroup H and Haplogroup V mtDNA Haplogroup V . Distribution Haplogroup HV is a west Eurasian haplogroup found throughout the Middle East, including Iran , Anatolia present day ... 1875 1768 PIIS1875176808001613.pdf ref and a very high frequency of y chromosome haplogroup J ... their own group, haplogroup H, and continued the push into Western Europe. A 2003 study was published reporting on the mtDNA sequencing of the bones of two 24,000 year old anatomically modern humans of the Cro Magnon type from Southern Italy . The study showed one was of either haplogroup HV or R0. http www.pnas.org cgi reprint 100 11 6593.pdf Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup ... HV2a HV4 HV4a HV5 16311 formerly known as HV3 ref http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap HV.htm Haplogroup ... DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup HV https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm023 Spread of Haplogroup HV , from the Genographic Project ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup IWX (mtDNA)

    In Human mitochondrial genetics human genetics , Haplogroup IWX was a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . ref cite journal author Maruszak A, Canter JA, Styczy ska M, Zekanowski C, Barcikowska M title Mitochondrial haplogroup H and Alzheimer s disease is there a connection? journal Neurobiology of Aging volume 30 issue 11 pages 1749 55 year 2009 month November pmid 18308428 doi 10.1016 j.neurobiolaging.2008.01.004 ref ref http books.google.com books?id LrgIQfwNS9cC&pg PA484&lpg PA484&dq Haplogroup IWX&source bl&ots DI ASUGDgN&sig YJhBmjhYNMcWk5AeKjJ7DPl dyc&hl en&sa X&oi book result&resnum 7&ct result The genome of homo sapiens ref It was thought to cluster haplogroups Haplogroup I mtDNA I , Haplogroup W mtDNA W , and Haplogroup X mtDNA X . ref cite journal author Bermisheva M, Tambets K, Villems R, Khusnutdinova E title Diversity of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in ethnic populations of the Volga Ural region of Russia language Russian journal Molekuliarnaia Biologiia volume 36 issue 6 pages 990 1001 year 2002 pmid 12500536 url http evolutsioon.ut.ee publications Bermisheva2002.pdf ref ref cite journal author Simoni L, Calafell F, Pettener D, Bertranpetit J, Barbujani G title Geographic patterns of mtDNA diversity in Europe journal American Journal of Human Genetics volume 66 issue 1 pages 262 78 year 2000 month January pmid 10631156 pmc 1288355 doi 10.1086 302706 url http web.unife.it progetti genetica Guido pdf 11.pdf ref Studies suggested haplogroup IWX to be highly protective against AIDS progression. ref cite journal author Hendrickson SL, Hutcheson HB, Ruiz Pesini E, et al. title Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups influence AIDS progression ... 19005266 pmc 2699618 doi 10.1097 QAD.0b013e32831940bb ref It is now known that Haplogroup I is descendent of Haplogroup N1. It has also been proposed that Haplogroup W be placed as a descendant of Haplogroup ... MtDNA Category Human mtDNA haplogroups IWX ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA)

    genetics , Haplogroup R0 formerly known as Haplogroup pre HV ref http www.familytreedna.com hclade2.html Haplogroup H Sub clades , Family Tree DNA ref is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup R0 derives from the haplogroup R mtDNA macro haplogroup R . It is an ancestral haplogroup to R0a and Haplogroup HV mtDNA Haplogroup HV and therefore to Haplogroup H mtDNA Haplogroup H and Haplogroup V mtDNA Haplogroup V . Distribution Haplogroup ...Infobox haplogroup name R0 origin date 23,600 to 54,900 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock year 2009 url http www.cell.com AJHG abstract S0002 9297 09 00163 3 doi 10.1016 j.ajhg.2009.05.001 pmid 19500773 last1 Soares first1 P last2 Ermini first2 L last3 Thomson first3 N last4 Mormina first4 M last5 Rito first5 T last6 R hl first6 A last7 Salas first7 A last8 Oppenheimer first8 S last9 MacAulay first9 V volume 84 issue 6 pages 740 59 pmc 2694979 journal American journal of human genetics ref origin place Asia ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA R descendants Haplogroup HV mtDNA HV , R0a mutations 73, 11719 ref name ... West Meets East The Complex mtDNA Landscape of the Southwest and Central Asian Corridor. Am url journal ... originated in and spread from there. Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup R0 subclades .... R R0 or pre HV R0a or preHV 1 R0a1 or preHV 1a R0a1a 60.1T R0a2 or preHV 1b R0a2a R0a2b R0a2c R0a2d R0a2e Haplogroup HV mtDNA HV HV0 HV1 73 HV4 HV5 Haplogroup H mtDNA H References references See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics MtDNA External ... Oven s http www.phylotree.org PhyloTree Haplogroup R0 https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm022 Spread of Haplogroup pre HV , from National Geographic Category Human mtDNA haplogroups R0 genetics stub bioinformatics stub cs Haploskupina pre HV mtDNA es Haplogrupo R0 ADNmt ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup B (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name B map Migration map4.png origin date 50,000 YBP origin place Far East ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA R11 B descendants B4, B5, B7 mutations 8281 8289d ref name vanOven cite journal ... mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup B is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup B is believed to have arisen in Asia some 50,000 years before present. Its ancestral haplogroup was Haplogroup R mtDNA Haplogroup R . Its greater variety is in China . It is conspicuous that haplogroup ... Genet. 2002 March 70 3 635 651 ref Distribution Haplogroup B is found frequently in East Asia. ref http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap B.htm Haplogroup B. ref Its subgroup B2 is one of five haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas, the others being Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , and Haplogroup X mtDNA X . Since the Models of migration to the New ... The Seven Daughters of Eve , Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Ina . See ... 10 25 23 41 15 Ina DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup B Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups B ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum B cs Haploskupina B mtDNA de Haplogruppe B mtDNA es Haplogrupo B ADNmt ru ... to have been from Siberia , it is especially surprising that Haplogroup B is the only haplogroup ... Nelson J.R. coauthors Ricardo Kanitz, Roberta Eckert, Ana C.S. Valls, Mauricio R. Bogo, Francisco ... 18313026 pmc 2427228 ref However, Haplogroup B has been found among Southern Siberians, such as Tuvans , Altays , and Buryats . This haplogroup is also found in Mongolia ns, Tibetan people Tibetans , Koreans ... , Jun 2002. ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup B subclades is based on the paper ... Amerindian genetics MtDNA References reflist External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup B https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm016 Spread of Haplogroup B , from ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup CZ (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name CZ origin date origin place ancestor Haplogroup M mtDNA M8 descendants Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup Z mtDNA Z mutations 249d ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup CZ is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup CZ is a descendant of Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M and is a parent to haplogroups Haplogroup C mtDNA C and Haplogroup Z mtDNA Z . Haplogroup CZ is divided into subclade s Haplogroup C mtDNA C and Haplogroup Z mtDNA Z . Distribution Today CZ is found in eastern Eurasia n populations. ref http www.genetree.com ancestral maternalAncestryInfo.php mtDNA Haplogroup Testing ref It is most common in Siberia n populations. It is recognized by the genetic marker at 249d. Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup CZ subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation ref name vanOven ref and subsequent published research. M CZ C Z References references See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups mtDNA External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree bioinformatics stub genetics stub Category Human mtDNA haplogroups CZ ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum CZ cs Haploskupina CZ mtDNA es Haplogrupo CZ ADNmt ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup F (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name F origin date 43,400 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock year 2009 url http www.cell.com AJHG abstract S0002 9297 09 00163 3 doi 10.1016 j.ajhg.2009.05.001 pmid 19500773 last1 Soares first1 P last2 Ermini first2 L last3 Thomson first3 N last4 Mormina first4 M last5 Rito first5 T last6 R hl first6 A last7 Salas first7 A last8 Oppenheimer first8 S last9 MacAulay first9 V volume 84 issue 6 pages 740 59 pmc 2694979 journal American journal of human genetics ref origin place Asia ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA R9 descendants F1, F2, F3, F4 mutations 249d, 6392, 10310 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup F is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup typical for the Far East . Haplogroup F is centered in Asia and appears in eastern China and Japan . It is not found in the Americas. ref http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap F.htm Haplogroup F. ref It is a descendant haplogroup of Haplogroup R mtDNA Haplogroup R . Origin Empty section date December 2009 Distribution Empty section date December 2009 Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup F subclades is based on the paper ... Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics MtDNA References references External links General ... Phylotree Haplogroup F https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm017 Spread of Haplogroup F , from National Geographic DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup F Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups F bioinformatics stub genetics stub cs Haploskupina F mtDNA de Haplogruppe F mtDNA ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup M (mtDNA)

    R volume 308 issue 5724 pages 1034 6 journal Science Haplogroup L3 the African clade that gave rise ... themselves are almost identical in age at 63,000 years old, with haplogroup R diverging rapidly ... L3 mtDNA L3 descendants M1, M2, M3, M4 45, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10 42, M12 Haplogroup G mtDNA G , M13, M14, M15, M21, M27, M28, M29 Haplogroup Q mtDNA Q , M31 32, M33, M34, M35, M36, M39, M40, M41, M44, M46, M47 50, M48, M49, M51, Haplogroup D mtDNA D mutations 263, 489, 10400, 14783, 15043 ref ... genetics , Haplogroup M is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . An enormous haplogroup spanning all the continents, the macro haplogroup M, like its sibling haplogroup N mtDNA N , is a descendant of Haplogroup L3 mtDNA haplogroup L3 . All mtDNA haplogroups considered native outside of Africa are descendants of either haplogroup M or its sibling Haplogroup N mtDNA haplogroup N . ref name metspalu ... is inconsistent with the Sub Saharan distribution of sub clades of haplogroups Haplogroup L3 mtDNA L3 and Haplogroup L2 mtDNA L2 that have similar time depths. ref name metspalu One of the basal lineages ... M has a coalescence age which overlaps with that of Haplogroup U mtDNA haplogroup U6 a Eurasian ... of Europe by populations bearing Haplogroup U mtDNA haplogroup U5 , the European sister clade ... origin hypothesis. ref name Abu Amero2008 Distribution M is the single most common mtDNA haplogroup ..., haplogroup M is an mtDNA lineage which does not correspond well to present day ethnic groups, as it spans ... of M are Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , Haplogroup E mtDNA E , Haplogroup G mtDNA G , Haplogroup Q mtDNA Q , and Haplogroup Z mtDNA Z , with Z and G being observed in North Eurasian ... lineage on the Indian sub continent. ref name Rajkumar et al. Image Geography of haplogroup M mtDNA ... Thangaraj Haplogroup M30 mtDNA Haplogroup M30 mainly in India , found in Middle East and North Africa ... hap M8.htm found in East Asia, especially in Japan Haplogroup CZ mtDNA Haplogroup CZ Haplogroup ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup N (mtDNA)

    Native Americans Haplogroup R mtDNA Haplogroup R ref cite web url http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion ... Haplogroup A mtDNA A O O1 Haplogroup S mtDNA S Haplogroup X mtDNA X Haplogroup R mtDNA R See also Genealogical ... old, with haplogroup R diverging rapidly within haplogroup N 60,000 years ago. title Single, Rapid Coastal ... Haplogroup L3 mtDNA L3 descendants N1 5, N2, N9, N13, N14, N21, N22, Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup I mtDNA I , O, Haplogroup R mtDNA R , Haplogroup S mtDNA S , Haplogroup X mtDNA X , haplogroup Y mtDNA Y , Haplogroup W mtDNA W mutations 8701, 9540, 10398, 10873, 15301 ref name vanOven cite ... DNA mtDNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup . An enormous haplogroup spanning many continents, the macro haplogroup N, like its sibling Haplogroup M mtDNA M , is a descendant of Haplogroup L3 mtDNA haplogroup L3 . All mtDNA haplogroups found outside of Africa are descendants of either ... haplogroups M, N, and R across Eurasia and Oceania therefore supports a three founder mtDNA scenario ... N in India with Special Reference to Haplogroup R and its Sub Haplogroup U journal International Journal ... sub clade of haplogroup N that has been observed in Africa. However Haplogroup N1a mtDNA N1a ... at a similar time to Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M . Subclades such as Haplogroup U6 , are also found ... of Eve , Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Naomi . Subgroups distribution Its derived haplogroups include the Haplogroup R mtDNA macro haplogroup R and its descendants and haplogroups Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup I mtDNA I , Haplogroup S mtDNA S , Haplogroup W mtDNA W , Haplogroup X mtDNA X , and haplogroup Y mtDNA Y . Haplogroup N1 5 Haplogroup N1 found in West Eurasia. ref name Logan http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtdna.htm Ian Logan s mtDNA site ref Haplogroup N1b found ... 45 pmid 18269758 pmc 2268671 ref N1a d e I Haplogroup N1d Hindustan N1a e I Haplogroup N1a mtDNA Haplogroup ... Derenko2007 Haplogroup I mtDNA Haplogroup I ref cite web url http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup U (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name U origin date 55,000 BP origin place Western Asia ancestor Haplogroup R mtDNA R descendants U1, U5, U6, U2 3 4 7 8 9 mutations 11467, 12308, 12372 ref name vanOven cite journal ... 18853457 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup U is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Haplogroup U descends from a woman in the Haplogroup R mtDNA branch of the phylogenetic tree, who lived around 55,000 years ago. Her ... at National Geographic ref Distribution Haplogroup U is subdivided into Haplogroups U1 U8. Haplogroup K mtDNA Haplogroup K is a subclade of U8. ref name Gonzalez cite journal author Gonz lez AM, Garc a ... mtDNA Haplogroup U1a page at cagetti.com ref Haplogroup U2 Haplogroup U2 named Uta by Bryan ... mtDNA U2 Haplogroup project. ref This haplogroup has been found in the remains of a 30,000 year ... K Haplogroup K mtDNA Haplogroup K named Katrine by Bryan Sykes makes up a sizeable fraction of European and West Asian mtDNA lineages. It is now known it is actually a subclade of haplogroup U8b K ... U4b1b U4b2 U4c U4c1 U4d U4d1 U4d2 U9 U9a U9b U7 U7a U8 U8a U8a1 U8a1a U8b K U8b Haplogroup K mtDNA ... public mtDNA 20U mtDNA Haplogroup U Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA http dgmweb.net ... U , from National Geographic Haplogroup U1 The http www.familytreedna.com public U1mtDNA mtDNA Haplogroup ... mtDNA 20U2 mtDNA Haplogroup U2 Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA Haplogroup U4 http www.familytreedna.com public U4mtDNA The mtDNA Haplogroup U4 Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA http ... mtdna u5 MtDNA Haplogroup U5 Webpage at WorldFamilies.net Brian Hamman s http www.brian hamman.com ... public U6mtdna mtDNA Haplogroup U6 Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA http freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com ... public mtDNA 20U7 The U7 Haplogroup Mitochondrial DNA Project at familytreedna Family Tree DNA Haplogroup U8 http www.familytreedna.com public mtDNA U8 The U8 Haplogroup Mitochondrial DNA Project ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup O mtdna

    orphan date May 2010 Haplogroup O mtDNA is a haplogroup derived from Haplogroup N mtDNA haplogroup N and found in Oceania. ref http dx.doi.org 10.1086 425871 Palanichamy MG, Sun C, Agrawal S, Bandelt HJ, Kong QP, Khan F, Wang CY, Chaudhuri TK, Palla V, Zhang YP. 2004. Phylogeny of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup N in India, based on complete sequencing implications for the peopling of South Asia . AJHG. ref Notes reflist See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial genetics Population Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups mtDNA DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup O Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups O ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup L5 (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name L5 origin date 114,200 126,200 YBP ref name soares cite journal title Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock year 2009 url http www.cell.com AJHG abstract S0002 9297 09 00163 3 doi 10.1016 j.ajhg.2009.05.001 pmid 19500773 last1 Soares first1 P last2 Ermini first2 L last3 Thomson first3 N last4 Mormina first4 M last5 Rito first5 T last6 R hl first6 A last7 Salas first7 A last8 Oppenheimer first8 S last9 MacAulay first9 V volume 84 issue 6 pages 740 59 pmc 2694979 journal American journal of human genetics ref origin place East Africa ancestor L2 3 4 5 6 descendants Haplogroup L5a mtDNA L5a , Haplogroup L5c mtDNA L5c mutations 3423, 7972, 12432, 12950 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 pmid 18853457 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup L5 is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . It was previously known as L1e . Origin Empty section date December 2009 Distribution It is a small African haplogroup from East Africa . The highest ... cgi content full 24 10 2180 History of Click Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA ... coauthors A. Gilles, E. Bouzaid, R. Kefi, F. Paris, R. P. Gayraud, J. L. Spadoni, F. El Chenawi, E ... , BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8 45 52. ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades ... references Notes Reflist group Note MtDNA External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk ... Human mtDNA haplogroups L5 Category Human evolution genetics stub ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum L5 cs Haploskupina L5 mtDNA es Haplogrupo L5 ADNmt ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup Q (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name Q map Migration map4.png origin date origin place ancestor Haplogroup M mtDNA M29 Q descendants Q1 2, Q3 mutations 4117 5843 8790 12940 16129 16241 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , haplogroup Q is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup typical for Oceania . It is a subgroup of haplogroup Haplogroup M mtDNA M29 Q . Origin Haplogroup Q is a descendant of Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M . Distribution Today, mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup Q is found in the southern Pacific rim Pacific region , especially in New Guinea , Melanesia ref name genetree http www.genetree.com ancestral maternalAncestryInfo.php mtDNA Haplogroup Testing ref and indigenous Australians . ref Hudjashov, Georgi et al 2007, http www.pnas.org content 104 21 8726 Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis. ref Haplogroup Q is very diverse and frequently occurring among Papuan and Melanesian populations, with an inferred coalescence time of approximately 50,000 years before present. The frequency of this haplogroup among ... affinity between the populations of these islands and the indigenous peoples of New Guinea. Haplogroup ... , and Polynesia . Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup Q subclades is based ... genetics Population Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups mtDNA References references ... van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Category Human mtDNA haplogroups Q cs Haploskupina Q mtDNA de Haplogruppe Q mtDNA es Haplogrupo Q ADNmt ru Q ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup I (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name I map origin date 26,300 YBP origin place West Asia ancestor Haplogroup N1 mtDNA Haplogroup N1e I descendants I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 mutations 10034 16129 16391 ref name vanOven cite ... 10.1353 hub.0.0048 quote Lemkos shared the highest frequency of haplogroup I ever reported and the highest frequency of Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M in the region ref ref 15 133 in cite journal last1 ... www.ancientrootsresearch.com Hap I Hap I home.html Iris DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup I Mtdna Category Human ... mtDNA.pdf format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human genetics , Haplogroup I is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Its ancestral haplogroup was Haplogroup N1 mtDNA N1 . ref name ianlogan.co.uk http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap N.htm Ian Logan, mtDNA pages Haplogroups N and I ref Its closest relative is N1e. ref name ianlogan.co.uk Haplogroup I is believed ... to Human migration move into Europe. Distribution Haplogroup I is found at very low frequencies ... mountains have the highest frequency of haplogroup I 11.3 in Europe, identical to that of the population ... IM title Frequencies of mtDNA haplogroups in southeastern Europe Croatians, Bosnians and Herzegovinians ... 1 pages 193 8 year 2004 pmid 15636075 ref Haplogroup I has also been observed at a frequency of 8.3 ... 1 pages 63 78 year 2001 pmid 11415523 ref The frequency of haplogroup I may have undergone a reduction ... central European farmers and Neolithic samples, according to the authors Haplogroup I could therefore ... Siegismund first4 Hans R. last5 Kivisild first5 Toomas last6 Dissing first6 J rgen editor1 last ..., haplogroup I was significantly more frequent among the ancient Danes average 13 than among extant Danes and Scandinavians 2.5 as well as among other ancient population samples reported. Haplogroup I ... ref Outside of Europe, the highest frequencies of mitochondrial haplogroup I observed so far appear ... Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup I subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup X (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name X map Haplogroup X mtDNA .PNG origin date 30,000 YBP origin place West Asia ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N descendants Haplogroup X1 mtDNA X1 , Haplogroup X2 mtDNA X2 mutations 73 ... format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup X is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . It has a widespread global distribution but no major regions of distinct localization. Origin The genetic sequences of haplogroup X diverged originally from Haplogroup N mtDNA haplogroup N , and subsequently further diverged about 30,000 years ago ref Soares ... pmc 2427228 ref Unlike the four main Native American mtDNA haplogroups Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup C mtDNA C , Haplogroup D mtDNA D and the Y chromosome sub haplogroup ... who do not show mtDNA haplogroup X. Genetic studies and researchers show, the analysis of the tribal ... have detailed that the mtDNA haplogroup X haplotype present in the Altaians of Siberia is intermediate ... position between European and American Indian haplogroup X mtDNA lineages ref name autogenerated1 ... Asia . ref name haplox cite web title Origin and Diffusion of mtDNA Haplogroup X publisher The American ... the hypothesis that haplogroup X, together with the other four main mtDNA haplogroups, was part of the gene ... of this mtDNA haplogroup Xenia . See also Genealogical DNA test Genetic Genealogy Human mitochondrial ..., Torroni A, et al. title mtDNA haplogroup X An ancient link between Europe Western Asia and North America ... FA title Distribution of mtDNA haplogroup X among Native North Americans journal Am. J. Phys ... pubmed&issn 0077 8923&date 2004&volume 1011&spage 21 refend DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup X Mtdna Category ... Overall haplogroup X accounts for about 2 of the population of Europe , the Near East and North Africa ... Beringia Marked by Two Rare mtDNA Haplogroups , Current Biology , Volume 19, Issue 1, 13 January 2009 , Pages 1 8. ref Druze The highest frequency of haplogroup X is observed in the Druze , a minority ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup C (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name C map Migration map4.png origin date 60,000 YBP origin place Central Asia ancestor Haplogroup CZ mtDNA CZ descendants C1, C4, C5, C7 mutations 489 10400 14783 15043 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 pmid 18853457 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 accessdate 2009 05 20 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup C is a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup C is believed to have arisen somewhere between the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal some 60,000 years before present. It is a descendant of the Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M . Distribution Haplogroup C is found in Northeast Asia ref name tree http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap C.htm Haplogroup C. ref including Siberia . Haplogroup C is one of five mtDNA haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas , ref name tree the others being Haplogroup A mtDNA A , Haplogroup B mtDNA B , Haplogroup D mtDNA D , and Haplogroup X mtDNA X . The subclades C1b, C1c, C1d, and C4c are found in the first people ... book The Seven Daughters of Eve , Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Chochmingwu ... This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup C subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred ... Genetics Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups Indigenous American genetic studies MtDNA References reflist ... van Oven s http www.phylotree.org Phylotree Haplogroup C https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card mm006 Spread of Haplogroup C , from National Geographic DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup C Mtdna Category Human mtDNA haplogroups C bioinformatics stub genetics stub ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum C cs Haploskupina C mtDNA de Haplogruppe C mtDNA es Haplogrupo C ADNmt ru C ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup G (mtDNA)

    DNA haplogroups typical of populations of northeastern Asia, such as haplogroup A mtDNA haplogroup A , haplogroup C mtDNA haplogroup C , and haplogroup D mtDNA haplogroup D , haplogroup G has not been found among indigenous peoples of the Americas . Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup ...Infobox haplogroup name G origin date 35,700 YBP ref name Soares cite journal title Supplemental Data Correcting for Purifying Selection An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock journal The American Society of Human Genetics date 04 Jun 2009 first Pedro last Soares coauthors Luca Ermini, Noel Thomson, Maru Mormina, Teresa Rito, Arne R hl, Antonio Salas, Stephen Oppenheimer, Vincent Macaulay and Martin B. Richards volume 84 issue 6 pages 82 93 doi 10.1016 j.ajhg.2009.05.001 url http www.cell.com AJHG abstract S0002 9297 09 00163 3 format accessdate 2009 08 13 pmid 19500773 pmc 2694979 ref origin place East Asia ancestor Haplogroup M mtDNA M12 G descendants G1, G2, G3, G4 mutations 709, 4833, 5108 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human ... ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup G is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup G is a descendant of Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M . Haplogroup G is divided into subclade s G1 and G2a, which represent the Koryaks and Itelmen . ref name genetree Distribution It is an East Asian haplogroup. ref http www.ianlogan.co.uk discussion hap G.htm Haplogroup G. ref Today, haplogroup G is found at its highest frequency in northeastern Siberia . ref name genetree http www.genetree.com ancestral maternalAncestryInfo.php mtDNA Haplogroup Testing ref Haplogroup G is also found at lower frequency among some populations of East Asia ... haplogroups MtDNA References references External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk ... mtDNA haplogroups G bioinformatics stub genetics stub cs Haploskupina G mtDNA de Haplogruppe G mtDNA ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup R

    Haplogroup R may refer to Haplogroup R mtDNA , a human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup Haplogroup R Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNA haplogroup Haplogroups See also The Haplogroup R Y DNA Y DNA haplogroup R has many subclade s Clade label1 Haplogroup R Y DNA Haplogroup R 1 Clade label1 Haplogroup R1 1 Clade label1 Haplogroup R1a 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup R1a1 Y DNA Haplogroup R1a1 2 Haplogroup R1b Y DNA Haplogroup R1b 2 Haplogroup R2 Y DNA Haplogroup R2 Disambig ca Haplogrup R cs Haploskupina R de Haplogruppe R ru R ...   more details



  1. Macro-haplogroup L (mtDNA)

    haplogroup L0 mtDNA L0 , L1 6 In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup L is the Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup mitochondrial DNA macro haplogroup that is at the root of the human mitochondrial ... mtDNA L0 , Haplogroup L1 mtDNA L1 , Haplogroup L2 mtDNA L2 , Haplogroup L3 mtDNA L3 , Haplogroup L4 mtDNA L4 , Haplogroup L5 mtDNA L5 and Haplogroup L6 mtDNA L6 , with L3 dominating all of non African humanity. The designation haplogroup L is typically used to designate the family of mtDNA haplogroups ... onto either Haplogroup M mtDNA haplogroup M or Haplogroup N mtDNA haplogroup N , and both these macrohaplogroups are simply sub branches of Haplogroup L3 mtDNA haplogroup L3 . Consequently, L in its ... Eve mtEve 1 clade thickness 2 2 clade thickness 2 label1   Haplogroup L0 mtDNA L0   1 ... 2 L0b label2   L1 6  2 clade thickness 2 label1 Haplogroup L1 mtDNA L1 1 clade thickness 2 1 L1b 2 L1c 2 clade thickness 2 1 Haplogroup L5 mtDNA L5 2 clade thickness 2 1 Haplogroup L2 mtDNA L2 2 clade thickness 2 1 Haplogroup L6 mtDNA L6 2 clade thickness 2 label1 Haplogroup L3 mtDNA L3 1 clade thickness 2 2 clade thickness 2 1 Haplogroup M mtDNA M 2 Haplogroup N mtDNA N 2 Haplogroup L4 ... U mtDNA U6 , haplogroup X mtDNA X1 and possibly haplogroup M mtDNA M1 have returned to Africa possibly ... ref Haplogroup H mtDNA Haplogroup H , which is common among Berbers, is also believed to have ... from Iberia to North Africa revealed by fine characterization of mtDNA H haplogroup in Tunisia journal ... of mtDNA variation. However the distribution of some subclades of haplogroup L is structured ..., Pena et al. report that 85 of self identified Afro Brazilians have Haplogroup L mtDNA sequences ... mtDNA subtree L , Macro haplogroup L by van Oven & Kayser M. Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk ... colspan 2 Haplogroup L Time of origin 151,600 233,600 YBP ref name Soares cite journal author ... Whole mtDNA genome sequence analysis of ancient African lineages journal Mol. Biol. Evol. volume 24 ...   more details



  1. Haplogroup Y (mtDNA)

    Infobox haplogroup name Y map Migration map4.png origin date 11,800 to 33,300 YBP origin place ancestor Haplogroup N mtDNA N9 descendants Y1, Y2 mutations 8392 10398 14178 14693 16126 16223 16231 ref name vanOven cite journal title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation journal Human Mutation date 13 Oct 2008 first Mannis last van Oven coauthors Manfred Kayser volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 E394 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 url http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 121449735 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 format accessdate 2009 05 20 pmid 18853457 ref In human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup Y is a Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup human mitochondrial DNA mtDNA haplogroup . Origin Haplogroup Y is a descendant of Haplogroup N mtDNA haplogroup N9 . Distribution Haplogroup Y has been found in approximately 66 of Nivkh people Nivkhs and approximately 20 of Ainu people Ainus . ref name Bermisheva2005 M. A. Bermisheva, I. A. Kutuev, V. A. Spitsyn et al., Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in the Population of Oroks, Russian Journal of Genetics, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 66 71. Translated from Genetika, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 78 84. ref ref name Tanaka2004 cite journal doi 10.1101 gr.2286304 last1 Tanaka first1 Masashi last2 Cabrera first2 Vicente M. last3 Gonz lez first3 Ana M. et al. author separator , last4 Larruga author name separator first4 JM year 2004 last5 Takeyasu first5 T last6 Fuku first6 N last7 Guo first7 LJ last8 Hirose first8 R last9 Fujita first9 Y title Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Eastern Asia and the Peopling ... However, this haplogroup also has been found in South Siberia n populations with an average frequency ... ref Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup Y subclades is based on the paper by Mannis ... Genetics mtDNA External links General Ian Logan s http www.ianlogan.co.uk mtDNA.htm Mitochondrial DNA ... Human mtDNA haplogroups Y ca Haplogrup mitocondrial hum Y cs Haploskupina Y mtDNA ru Y ...   more details




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