Germplasm or polar plasm is a zone found in the cytoplasm of the egg cell s of some model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans , Drosophila melanogaster , Xenopus laevis , which contains determinants that will give rise to the germ cell lineage. As the zygote undergoes mitosis mitotic divisions the germplasm is ultimately restricted to a few cells of the embryo . These germ cells then migrate to the gonad s. Germplasm theory The term germplasm was first used by the German biologist August Weismann 1834&ndash 1914 . His germplasm theory states that multicellular organisms consist of germ cell s that contain and transmit heritable information, and somatic cells which carry out ordinary bodily functions. ref 1892. Das Keimplasma eine Theorie der Vererbung . Fischer, Jena. ref In the germplasm theory, inheritance in a multicellular organism only takes place by means of the germ cells the gametes , such as egg cells and sperm cells. Other cells of the body do not function as agents of heredity. The effect is one way germ cells produce somatic cells, and more germ cells the germ cells are not affected by anything the somatic cells learn or any ability the body acquires during its life. Genetic information cannot pass from soma to germplasm and on to the next generation. This is referred to as the Weismann barrier . ref http www.esp.org books weismann germplasm facsimile GermPlasm, a theory of heredity 1893 Full online text ref This idea, if true, rules out the inheritance of acquired characteristics as proposed by Jean Baptiste Lamarck . ref Huxley, Julian 1942. Evolution, the modern synthesis . p17 ref The part of Weismann s theory which proved most vulnerable was his notion that the germplasm effectively, genes were successively reduced during division of somatic cells. As modern genetics developed, it became clear that this idea was quite wrong. ref For example ... Category Germ cells Category Cytogenetics Category History of biology pl Plazma zarodkowa ... more details
wiktionary germGerm may refer to Microorganism , especially a pathogen see Germ theory of disease Germ cell , an ovum or sperm, or one of its progenitors The Germ periodical The Germ periodical , a periodical established by the Pre Raphaelite Brotherhood to disseminate their ideas Germ mathematics , an object in a topological space that captures local properties Cereal germ , the reproductive part of a cereal grain Germ, Hautes Pyr n es , a commune of the Hautes Pyr n es d partement in southwestern France Germs may refer to Georgetown Emergency Response Medical Service or GERMS, a student run EMS organization at Georgetown University Germs band , an American punk rock band 1976 1980, 2005 present The Germs comics The Germs comics , a comic strip in the magazine The Beano Germs Invader Zim Germs Invader Zim , an episode of Invader Zim Germs song Germs song , a song by Weird Al Yankovic disambig ar cy Germ de Germ fr Germe homonymie nl Kiem pt Germ ru Germ ... more details
Orphan date November 2006 For the Pre Raphaelite magazine see The Germ periodical Jeremy Sacher born February 28, 1982 in New York City is an American Disc jockey DJ and electronic music producer also known as The Germ . He started learning music at an early age, picking up a guitar at the age of 12. After many years of classical training and hard rocking, he took his first major step in exploring electronic music in 1998, buying an array of vinyl records trying to find his style. In his first year, his work was mainly acid trance and Hardcore techno Hard German Techno . About one year later, he developed an acid techno style. He received a hand me down mixtape from Chris Liberator , and began building a large Acid Techno Acid Trance Techno music techno collection. He does not play often in the Northeast, but he still plays in Ciudad Ju rez Juarez , Mexico and Toronto , Canada , alongside Techno Producer DJ Slobodan . Over time, Germ became good friends with DJs Myth I S, Dread, and Integrity, and he worked at Nemesis Music Distribution as an Import Buyer Sale Rep. He chooses to remain an underground artist, with his unique acid techno collection and beatmixing mixing style. As of 2005, he has released two CDs of rare Acid Techno tracks from all eras. In 2006 he teamed up with Joey Jupiter of Atomic Babies to bring their Live PA act to electronic music fans throughout the United States. External links http www.the germ.com Official website http www.dpimrecordings.com DPIM Recordings http e.discogs.com artist Germ, The The Germ discography Discogs .com Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Germ, The ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH February 28, 1982 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Germ, The Category 1982 births Category Living people Category American techno musicians US electronic musician stub ... more details
primarysources date January 2008 Hector Plasm is the name of a comic book character, created by Benito Cereno writer Benito Cereno writer and Nate Bellegarde artist . The duo had started out writing back up stories in Invincible comics Invincible for Image comics . Hector Plasm is a benandanti who roams the earth in the hope of helping ghosts, humans, and demons alike to live in harmony with each other. The comic itself has a similar sort of formula as Hellboy by taking myths and legends from various places around the globe and putting them into a modern setting. Unlike Hellboy, however, Hector Plasm strives to be as faithful as possible to the myths presented within the text. Hector came about as a result of Nate Bellegarde s and my desire to show people we could do something other than what they had seen from us before... So we put together a book that contained lots of elements we enjoyed ghost stories, international folklore, dudes cutting things with swords, classical mythology, all of that. So we threw it all together with a feel of southern Gothic folk music and sea shanties, and out came Hector. Benito Sereno, SilverBulletComics.com interview. Hector s world is a place where spirits, witches, and the like are normal and he deals with them in a way that s as natural as driving to work. It s his attitude that makes Hector s stories so accessible. Even ghosts tell stories... and the name ..., the con man, the shaman, the witch doctor, the exorcist... HECTOR PLASM. Description of Hector Plasm De Mortuis Publications Hector Plasm stories have been published by Image Comics, most notably in Hector Plasm De Mortuis , a one shot comic book compilation of all previous Hector Plasm stories. Hector Plasm stories have been included in Invincible , Western Tales of Terror , and Popgun Vol. 1 . Hector Plasm Totentanz is a new one shot that came out October 2009 and bears a Halloween theme ... Hector Plasm.htm The Official Hector Plasm Website http www.fetorpse.org Benito Cereno and Nate Bellegarde ... more details
primarysources date September 2009 Warriors of Plasm was the flagship title of Jim Shooter s Defiant Comics comic book company. Besides the original first issue 1 of the comic 1993 in comics 1993 , there was also a zero issue 0 of Warriors of Plasm which was released as an insert in Previews magazine, and as a trading card set that could be put together in a binder to be read as a comic. There was also a Warriors of Plasm graphic novel titled Home for the Holidays , published in between issues 5 and 6. Legal battle Originally called Plasm , the title was changed after Marvel Comics threatened Defiant Comics with a lawsuit ref name cbr http www.comicbookresources.com ?page article&id 146 Jim Shooter ..., Plasmer . Jim Shooter changed the name to Warriors of Plasm to avoid any further legal issues with Marvel ... history Warriors of Plasm was published for a total of 13 issues from August 1993 to August 1994 ... of Plasm was one of only two books published by Defiant to carry the Schism storyline. Originally ..., but because of the failure of the company only Warriors of Plasm 13 and Dogs of War comics Dogs of War ... of Plasm. The Org must constantly be fed. This is accomplished by conquering new planets. Lorca, the Supreme ... to overthrow the rulers of Plasm. To do so he genetically modifies five humans. When his rebellion ... to attempt to defend the Earth from the oncoming alien invasion from Plasm. The humans do .... Characters On Plasm, the main characters are Lorca Lorca is the Supreme Acquisitor on the Org of Plasm. He seeks out other planets for the living Org of Plasm to consume. Sueraceen Sueraceen is the High Gore Lord of Plasm, its chief military officer. Ulnareah Ulnareah is the Grand Inquisitor of Plasm ... id 13977 title Warriors of Plasm comicbookdb type title id 5944 title Warriors of Plasm gcdb series id 4914 title Warriors of Plasm Home for the Holidays comicbookdb type title id 5945 title Warriors of Plasm Home for the Holidays refend Category 1993 comic debuts Category Defiant Comics titles ... more details
2010 ref Specification There are two mechanisms to establish the germ cell lineage in the embryo . The first way is called preformistic and involves that the cells destined to become germ cells inherit the specific germ cell determinants present in the germplasm specific area of the cytoplasm of the egg ...Cleanup reason The typos and outdated information date February 2011 A germ cell is any cell biology ... . In many animals, the germ cells originate near the Gut zoology gut of an embryo and migrate ..., plant s do not have germ cells set aside in early development. Instead, germ cells can come ... Oxford, Bios Scientific Publishers, 451p year 2001 ref ref cite journal title Germ cells are forever ... Multicellular eukaryote s are made of two fundamental cell types. Germ cells produce gametes and are the only ... the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis. The lineage of germ cells is called germ line. Germ cell specification begins during cleavage embryo cleavage in many animals or in the epiblast ... and active migration, germ cells arrive at the developing gonads. In humans, sexual differentiation starts approximately 6 weeks after conception. The end products of the germ cell cycle are the egg or sperm. ref cite journal title Germ cell attraction author Kunwar P.S., Lehmann R. publisher Nature 421 226 227 year 2003 ref Under special conditions in vitro germ cells can acquire properties similar .... These changed cells are then called embryonic germ cells EG . Both EG and ES are pluripotent in vitro ... to give rise to primordial germ cells from ES. ref cite journal title Evaluating human embryonic germ cells concord and conflict as pluripotent stem cells author Turnpenny L., Spalluto C.M., Perrett ... different amounts mRNA and proteins. By this germ cells obtained by the first divisions of the fertilized .... The second way is found in birds and mammals, where germ cells are not specified by such determinants ... by signals of neighboring cells to become primordial germ cells. Mammalian eggs are somewhat symmetrical ... more details
A germ pore is a small pore in the outer wall of a fungal spore through which the germ tube exits upon germination. It can be wikt apical apical or eccentric in its location, and, on light microscopy , may be visualized as a lighter coloured area on the cell wall. Apical germ pore is a term applied to mushroom spores which have a pore at one end. Some spores have a hole in the cell wall where the first strand of germinating mycelium emerges. If the cell wall is divided from one end to the other, this is called a germ slit . Commonly the germ pore is at one end of the mushroom spore and is called an apical pore . Mushroom genera with apical germ pores include Agrocybe , Panaeolus , Psilocybe , and Pholiota . See also Portal Fungi mycelium spore External links http www.mushroomthejournal.com greatlakesdata Terms germp704.html IMA Mycological Glossary Germ pore DEFAULTSORT Germ Pore Category Fungal morphology and anatomy Fungus stub ... more details
File C albicans germ tubes.jpg thumb right Germ tubes of Candida albicans A germ tube is an outgrowth produced by certain species of spore releasing fungi sporangia during germination . The germ tube cellular differentiation differentiate s, grows, and develops by mitosis to create a somatic hyphae . See also Portal Fungi Oomycota References C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell, Introductory Mycology, 4 sup th sup ed. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004 ISBN 0 471 52229 5 DEFAULTSORT Germ Tube Category Fungal morphology and anatomy Fungus stub ... more details
Image Germ.jpg thumb right Illustration by Holman Hunt to Thomas Woolner s poem My Beautiful Lady , published in The Germ , 1850 The Germ was a periodical established by the Pre Raphaelite Brotherhood to disseminate their ideas. It was not a success, only existing for four issues between January and April 1850. The Germ published poetry by William Michael Rossetti who also edited the magazine and other members of the Brotherhood, including his brother Dante Gabriel Rossetti , Thomas Woolner and James Collinson . It also printed contributions of Verse poetry verse and essay s on art and literature by associates of the Brotherhood, including Ford Madox Brown and Coventry Patmore , as well as occasional book review s. The title The Germ refers to the Pre Raphaelite belief in the importance of nature a germ is a seed and of the human imagination , as implied by the phrase the germ of an idea . They hoped that the magazine would be a seed from which new creative ideas would grow. It was subtitled thoughts towards nature in art and literature to emphasise the editors belief that poetry and art should be closely intertwined. The magazine was renamed Art and Poetry for its final two issues. 40. A special limited edition only 450 copies of all four volumes of The Germ was published in 1898 on Van Gelder handmade paper, by Thomas B. Mosher. Portland, Maine. External links gutenberg no 17649 name The Germ Thoughts towards Nature in Poetry, Literature and Art http www.rossettiarchive.org docs ap4.g415.raw.html The Rossetti Archive two complete transcriptions, with facsimile images and scholarly commentary DEFAULTSORT Germ, The Category British arts magazines Category Pre Raphaelite Brotherhood Category Defunct British literary magazines Category Publications established in 1850 Category Monthly magazines Category Publications disestablished in 1850 UK lit mag stub br The Germ nl The Germ no The Germ pl The Germ ru ... more details
Orphan date September 2008 Germ paintings are small paintings created on agar plates using highly pigmented bacteria. Cultures of bacteria are brushed onto the agar plate, and then the germ painting is incubated. While initially one cannot tell that there is anything on the plate, the highly pigmented bacteria cultures create a vivid image after appropriate incubation. Note the average incubation time is about 2 hours Alexander Fleming , the man most commonly credited with the discovery of penicillin , was known for creating exquisite germ paintings. External links http www.sfam.org.uk pdf features paintbugs.pdf Article about germ paintings, with pictures Category Painting techniques Painting stub ... more details
Germ X is the brand name of a line of antibacterial and antimicrobial products marketed in the United States . Germ X products include instant hand sanitizer gels, foaming hand soap , and soft wipes. Germ X products are manufactured by Vi Jon Laboratories , based in St. Louis, Missouri . The active ingredient in Germ X hand sanitizer is ethyl alcohol . The active ingredient in Germ X hand soap and soft wipes is benzalkonium chloride . The brand s advertising slogan is Kills 99.99 of germs . Vi Jon cites the Food and Drug Administration s FDA October 20, 2005 Non Prescription Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting as proof of Germ X s effectiveness. ref http www.germx.com news detail.aspx?id 12 Germ X press release ref ref Dr. Sally Bloomfield, Ph.D, speaking at the FDA Non Prescription Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting, October 20, 2005. http www.fda.gov ohrms dockets ac 05 transcripts 2005 4184T1.pdf Transcript PDF , pages 237&ndash 248. ref Scents There are various scents for Germ X hand sanitizer including original, aloe, morning fresh and lavender & chamomile. Additionally, there are kid friendly sanitizers under the Germ Blaster name in fun colors and scents that are intended to appeal to kids. References Reflist External links http www.germx.com index.aspx Germ X Official Web site http www.vijon.com Vi Jon Laboratories Category Antiseptics Category Brands product stub simple Germ X ... more details
Refimprove date May 2010 Image Wheat kernel nutrition.png 350px right The germ of a cereal is the reproductive ... books?id MDZKAAAAMAAJ&pg PA78&ei DjBWSuXeDIuolQTyu8GzBw quote ...the germ or embryo of the grain... accessdate 09 July 2009 ref of the seed . Along with bran , germ is often a by product of the milling ... methods that are used for the dry milling process milling without removal of the cereal germ, the oldest method, and milling with removal of the cereal germ, the method most used today to ensure ... grain s and their components, such as Wheat germ oil wheat germ , ref cite book last Keville first ... Table Vegetable Oil Stability includes wheat germ accessdate 09 July 2009 ref Rice bran oil rice bran ... as a source from which vegetable oil is extracted, or used directly as a food ingredient. The germ ..., from grains stripped of their bran and germ, must be milled with rollers. accessdate 09 July 2009 ref Wheat germ Wheat germ is a concentrated source of several essential nutrient s including Vitamin ... of Wheat Germ, Soy, Egg Yolk, Broccoli Florets, and Beef Liver accessdate 09 July 2009 ref ref ... Clinic url http www.mayoclinic.com health health foods MY01108 quote ...the germ is a highly concentrated ..., potassium, iron and zinc. The germ also contains protein, fiber and some fat. accessdate ... isbn 0375407545 quote Fiber... whole grains contain it, and wheat germ is an especially good source. accessdate 09 July 2009 ref White bread is made using flour that has had the germ and bran removed ... it contains no bran, germ, or semolina... accessdate 09 July 2009 ref Wheat germ can be added to protein ... web title Should I be eating wheat germ? work The World s Healthiest Foods publisher The George Mateljan ... who choose to add wheat germ to their food often incorporate it into casseroles, muffins, and pancakes or sprinkle it over cereal or yogurt. The texture of wheat germ can add a great crunchiness and taste to these foods in a very convenient way. accessdate 09 July 2009 ref Wheat germ can become Rancidification ... more details
A germ layer , occasionally ref name Gilbert 2003 cite book title Developmental Biology chapter The Epidermis ... epithelium , is a group of cell biology cell s, formed during animal embryogenesis . Germ ... layers sometimes called primary germ layers . Animals with symmetry biology Radial symmetry radial symmetry , like cnidaria ns, produce two germ layers the ectoderm and endoderm making them diploblastic ... these two layers appropriately called the mesoderm making them triploblastic . Germ layers eventually ... the process of organogenesis . Germ layers Image Gastrulation.png thumb 300px Gastrulation of a diploblast The formation of germ layers from a 1 blastula to a 2 gastrula. Some of the ectoderm cells orange ... , a tumour that characteristically has tissue from all three germ layers . The image shows ... Pander discovered three primordial germ layers while studying chick embryos. Between 1850 and 1855, Robert Remak had further refined the germ cell layer concept, and introduced into English were the terms ... in 1873. Among animal s, sea sponge sponges show the simplest organization, having a single germ layer ... germ layers, the endoderm and ectoderm . Diploblastic animals are organized into recognisable tissues ... to the germ layers found in Diploblasts. Triploblastic animals develop recognisable organs. Development ... or three layers the germ layers . In all vertebrate s, these are the forerunners of all adult tissues ... tissue within the lung s, thyroid , and pancreas . main Endoderm The endoderm is one of the germ ... cell s. main Mesoderm The mesoderm germ layer forms in the embryo s of triploblastic animal s. During ... first and forms from the outermost of the germ layers. The ectoderm forms the central nervous system ... crest is sometimes considered a fourth germ layer. ref Hall BK 2000 The neural crest as a fourth germ layer and vertebrates as quadroblastic not triploblastic. Evolution & Development 2, 3 5. ref ... Neurulation Organogenesis References reflist Embryology Germ layer DEFAULTSORT Germ Layer Category ... more details
nowiki nowiki A Germ Destroyer nowiki nowiki is a short story by Rudyard Kipling . It was first published in the Civil and Military Gazette on May 17th 1887, in the first Indian edition of Plain Tales from the Hills in 1888, and in subsequent editions of that collection. The story is one of Kipling s essays into farcical humour with his frequent sardonic glances at the oddities of the way that the world works here, the administrative world of the British Raj . He tells of the new Viceroy who has arrived with a Private Secretary called Wonder, who is trying to run the Indian Empire. All Shimla Simla agreed that there was too much Wonder and too little Viceroy in that rule. The farce of the story begins with the coincidence of two men who want to speak to the Viceroy. There is a monomaniac inventor called Mellish, who has little hope of an audience and Mellishe, of Madras, who is rich, grandiloquent and important, and has the perquisite of conferring with the Viceroy . They are both staying at the same hotel, and Wonder s invitation to a private lunch with the Viceroy is delivered to the inventor, rather than, as intended, the rich man. The Viceroy is charmed by his guest, who doesn t talk shop till they smoke after lunch. Then Mellish, the Inventor, discourses on cholera, his theory, the conspiracy against him of the medical establishment and so on, until he tips a sample of his patent Fumigatory powder into an ash tray and lights it. The result is a most pungent and sickening stench which fills the entire Viceregal residence. This is an example of Kipling s schoolboy sense of humour he was after all only 21 when he wrote this story. Mellish boasts that not a germ could live ... Not a germ, as you say, could rightly exist I can swear it. A magnificent success Wonder arrives ... rid of Wonder his own plague, or germ by saying, in the latter s hearing, And I really thought ... Society s website . DEFAULTSORT Germ Destroyer category Short stories by Rudyard Kipling Category ... more details
In mathematics, the notion of a germ of an object in on a topological space captures the local properties ... is derived from cereal germ in a continuation of the Sheaf mathematics sheaf metaphor, as a germ is locally ... the same germ at x if there is a neighbourhood U of x such that restricted to U , f and g are equal ... the same germ at x if there is again a neighbourhood U of x such that math S , cap ,U T , cap , U. math It is straightforward to see that defining the same germ at x is an equivalence relation ... S sim x T math . Given a map f on X , then its germ at x is usually denoted f &thinsp sub x sub . Similarly, the germ at x of a set S is written S sub x sub . Thus, math f x g X to Y mid g sim x f . math To denote a map germ at x in X which maps the point x in X to the point y in Y , one writes ... to use the same letter f for any representative map. Notice that two sets are germ equivalent at x if their characteristic function s are germ equivalent at x math S sim x T Longleftrightarrow mathbf ... of X , then f and g are germ equivalent at x in X if first S and T are germ equivalent at x , say ... a subvariety. Basic properties If f and g are germ equivalent at x , then they share all local properties ... or analytic germ , etc. Similarly for subsets if one representative of a germ is an analytic set then so ... f and g , defined on neighbourhoods U and V respectively, then f sub x sub g sub x sub is the germ ... of germ is behind the definition of sheaves and presheaves. A Sheaf mathematics presheaf math scriptstyle ... scriptstyle mathcal F math . This equivalence relation is an abstraction of the germ equivalence described ... can be studied analyzing its germ . They are a generalization of Taylor series , and indeed the Taylor series of a germ of a differentiable function is defined you only need local information to compute ... math P math of math V n math in Italian . External links springer title Germ id G g044390 last Chirka first Evgeni Mikha lovich author link PlanetMath urlname GermOfSmoothFunctions title Germ of smooth ... more details
germ cells. Pole plasm is organized by and contains the proteins and mRNA of the posterior group genes such as oskar , nanos gene , tudor, vasa, and valois . These genes play a role in germ line development to localize nanos mRNA to the posterior and localize germ cell determinants. Drosophila ... the name grandchildless . The genes Oskar , nanos and germ cell less gcl have important roles. Oskar is sufficient to recruit the other genes to form functional germplasm. Nanos is required ... of RNA polymerase II and shuts down transcription. Germplasm in amphibians Similar germplasm ... eventually become PGCs. The presence of homologs of nanos and vasa also implicate this germplasm as germ determining. Migration of primordial germ cells Fruit flies The first phase of migration .... Germ line development in mammals There is no evidence of a germplasm in mammals. This is evidence for specification of germ cells by induction. Bone Morphogenetic Protein BMP Bone Morphogenetic Protein .... During development, these cells will differientate into primordial germ cells, migrate to the location of the gonad, and form the germ line of the animal. Creation of germplasm & primordial germ cells Cleavage in most animals segregates cells containing Germplasm from other cells. The germplasm effectively turns off gene expression to render the genome of the cell inert. Cells expressing Germplasm become primordial germ cells PGCs which will then give rise to the gametes . The germ line development in mammals, on the other hand, occurs by induction and not by an endogenous germplasm. Germplasm in fruit fly Germplasm has been studied in detail in Drosophila. The posterior pole of the embryo contains necessary materials for the fertility of the fly. This cytoplasm, pole plasm ... germ cells In the gonads, the germ cells undergo either spermatogenesis or oogenesis depending on whether the sex is male or female respectively. Spermatogenesis Main Spermatogenesis Mitotic germ ... more details
Infobox French commune name Germ region Midi Pyr n es department Hautes Pyr n es arrondissement Bagn res de Bigorre canton Bord res Louron INSEE 65199 postal code 65510 mayor term intercommunality longitude 0.426666666667 latitude 42.7941666667 elevation m 1300 elevation min m 1160 elevation max m 2683 area km2 12.55 population 36 population date 2006 Germ is a Communes of France commune in the Hautes Pyr n es Departments of France department in south western France . See also Communes of the Hautes Pyr n es department References http www.insee.fr fr methodes nomenclatures cog fichecommunale.asp?codedep 65&codecom 199 INSEE commune file Reflist Hautes Pyr n es communes DEFAULTSORT Germ, Hautes Pyrenees Category Communes of Hautes Pyr n es HautesPyr n es geo stub an Germ ca G rm ceb Germ es Germ fr Germ it Germ ms Germ, Hautes Pyr n es nl Germ pl Germ pt Germ Altos Piren us sr uk vi Germ vo Germ war Germ ... more details
Germ free animals are animals that have no microorganisms living in or on it. Such animals are raised within germ free isolators in order to control their exposure to viral, bacterial or parasitic agents. ref name umich http www.ulam.umich.edu animalcare germfree.htm University of Michigan Germ Free Animal Facility example facility for raising germ free animals ref When known strains of bacteria or microbiota are introduced to a germ free animal, it usually referred to as a gnotobiotic animal , however technically speaking, germ free animals are also gnotibiotic because the status of their microbial community is known . ref Reyniers, J.A. http dx.doi.org 10.1111 j.1749 6632.1959.tb53091.x Germfree Vertebrates Present Status 1959 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 78 1 3. ref Germ free animals are used in the study of probiotic research and other animal research requiring careful control of outside contaminants that can affect the experiment. ref name uwisc http www.bact.wisc.edu Microtextbook index.php?name Sections&req viewarticle&artid 189&allpages 1&theme Printer Of Probiotics and Possibilities J. Armbrecht. Dept of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin Madison. August 2, 2000. ref References references DEFAULTSORT Germ Free Animal Category Model organisms biology stub ja ... more details
Infobox disease Name Germ cell tumor ICD10 ICD10 C 56 c 51 , ICD10 C 62 c 60 , ICD10 D 27 d 10 , ICD10 ... Caption Micrograph of a seminoma , a common germ cell tumor. OMIM OMIM mult MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 863 DiseasesDB MeshID D009373 A germ cell tumor GCT is a neoplasm derived from germ cell s. Germ cell tumors can be cancer ous or benign tumor non cancerous tumors. Germ cells normally occur inside the gonads ovary and testis . Germ cell tumors that originate outside the gonads ... migration of germ cells during embryogenesis. Others hypothesize a widespread distribution of germ ... or providing regulatory functions at somatic sites. Extragonadal germ cell tumors were thought initially ... known that many germ cell tumors are congenital and originate outside the gonads. The most notable ... Germ cell tumors are classified by their histology , ref name pmid15761467 cite journal author Ulbright TM title Germ cell tumors of the gonads review emphasizing problems in differential ... regardless of location in the body. Germ cell tumors are broadly divided in two classes ref cite web ... by Daniel D Mais, MD accessdate 2007 11 03 work ref The germinomatous or seminomatous germ cell ... or nonseminomatous germ cell tumors NGGCT, NSGCT include all other germ cell tumors, pure and mixed ... on elements present Depends on elements present Mixed germ cell tumors occur in many forms. Among these, a common form is teratoma with endodermal sinus tumor. Teratocarcinoma refers to a germ cell tumor ... ref This kind of mixed germ cell tumor may be known simply as a teratoma with elements of embryonal ..., germ cell tumors occur both within and outside the ovary and testis . head inside the Human cranium ... common location for teratoma neck 1 to 5 in the mediastinum mediastinal germ cell tumor pelvis , particularly ..., germ cell tumors account for 30 of ovarian tumors, but only 1 to 3 of ovarian cancer s in North America . In younger women germ cell tumors are more common, thus in patients under the age of 21, 60 ... more details
Refimprove date May 2010 Wheat germ oil is extracted from the Cereal germgerm of the wheat Seed kernel , which makes up only 2 by weight of the Seed kernel Citation needed date May 2010 . Wheat germ oil is particularly high in octacosanol a 28 carbon long chain saturated primary alcohol found in a number of different vegetable waxes. ref cite web url http www.nutrasanus.com wheat germ.html title Wheat Germ Oil Octacosanol ref Octacosanol has been studied as an exercise and physical performance enhancing agent. Very long chain fatty alcohols obtained from plant waxes and beeswax have been reported to lower plasma cholesterol in humans. ref cite journal url http www.ebmonline.org cgi content abstract 229 3 215 title Nutritional Significance and Metabolism of Very Long Chain Fatty Alcohols and Acids from Dietary Waxes first3 DK last3 Hartle first2 P last2 Greenspan author Hargrove et al. volume 229 issue 3 pages 215 journal Experimental Biology and Medicine date 03 01 2004 pmid 14988513 ref Wheat germ oil is also very high in Vitamin E and has the highest content of Vitamin E of any food that has not undergone prior preparation or vitamin fortification. ref cite web url http www.nutritiondata.com foods 000103000000000000000.html title 999 Foods Highest in Vitamin E Alpha Tocopherol based on levels per 200 Calories ref As a cooking oil, wheat germ oil is strongly flavored, expensive ... Kitchen Dictionary Wheat germ ref Wheat germ oil contains the following fatty acid s ref cite web url http www.nutritiondata.com facts B00001 01c2089.html title Nutritional Summary for Oil, wheat germ ... author Ola. A. Megahad and Omayma S. El Kinawy title Studies on the extraction of wheat germ oil by commercial ... 7 Other uses of wheat germ oil have also been explored, including increasing blood flow and reaction ... wheat germ oil title Wheat Germ Oil publisher Nutros accessdate 2010 05 18 ref See also Rice bran oil References Reflist Wheat DEFAULTSORT Wheat Germ Oil Category Vegetable oils Category Wheat vegetable ... more details
Infobox disease Name Intratubular germ cell neoplasia Image Intratubular germ cell neoplasia high mag cropped.jpg Caption Intratubular germ cell neoplasia. H&E stain . DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Intratubular germ cell neoplasia , abbreviated ITGCN or IGCN and also known as testicular intratubular germ cell neoplasia and intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis , is considered a precursor lesion for many types of testis testicular germ cell tumor s. ref cite journal author Bettocchi C, Coker CB, Deacon J, Parkinson C, Pryor JP title A review of testicular intratubular germ cell neoplasia in infertile men journal J. Androl. volume 15 Suppl issue pages 14S 16S year 1994 pmid 7721669 doi url ref The common, unspecified variant of the entity was once considered to be a carcinoma in situ ref , cite journal author Dieckmann KP, Skakkebaek ... all invasive germ cell tumours of the testis in adults Fifty percent of patients with ITGCNU developed invasive germ cell tumours within five years of initial diagnosis. Five percent of contralateral testes in men with a history of prior testicular germ cell tumour. Less than five percent of cryptorchid testes. Less than one percent of patients with infertility. Germ cell tumors that do not arise from ITGCNU Not all germ cell tumors GCTs arise from intratubular germ cell neoplasia . The following ... Manivel JC, Simonton S, Wold LE, Dehner LP title Absence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia in testicular ... tissue most commonly shows germ cells with enlarged hyperchromatic cell nucleus nuclei with prominent ... toward the lumen by the neoplastic germ cells, and spermatogenesis is almost always absent in the affected ... germ cell tumours may also eradicate ITGCN. ref name Sternberg See also Carcinoma in situ Germ cell tumor Additional images gallery Image Intratubular germ cell neoplasia high mag.jpg ITGCN. H&E ...?topicKey gucancer 9973 Intratubular germ cell neoplasia uptodate.com. http www.gfmer.ch selected ... more details
No footnotes date April 2010 Cleanup date May 2007 Malignant mediastinal germ cell tumors of various histologies were first described as a clinical entity approximately 50 years ago. When date April 2010 mediastinum Mediastinal and other extragonadal germ cell tumors were initially thought to represent isolated metastasis metastases from an inapparent gonads gonadal primary site. Etiology Some investigators suggest that this distribution arises as a consequence of abnormal migration of germ cells during embryogenesis . Others hypothesize a widespread distribution of germ cells to multiple sites during normal embryogenesis, with these cells conveying genetic information or providing regulatory functions at somatic sites. Epidemiology Malignant germ cell tumors of the mediastinum are uncommon, representing only 3 to 10 of tumors originating in the mediastinum. They are much less common than germ cell tumors arising in the testes , and account for only 1 to 5 of all germ cell neoplasm s. Clinical Characteristics Unlike benign germ cell tumors of the mediastinum, malignant mediastinal tumors are usually symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Most mediastinal malignant tumors are large and cause ... s syndrome Hematologic Neoplasia Evaluation and Staging The diagnosis of a mediastinal germ ... nonseminomatous germ cell tumors should follow guidelines for poor prognosis testicular cancer ... of any residual disease, is considered standard therapy. Sources Primary Germ Cell Tumors of the Thorax http www.health.am cr malignant germ cell tumors Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors Knapp RH, Hurt RD, Payne WS, et al. Malignant germ cell tumors of the mediastinum. http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... 3 combination chemotherapy in primary mediastinal germ cell tumors. Cancer Treat Rep 1982 66 1405 ... germ cell tumors. A Southeastern and Southwest Oncology Group protocol. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1990 9 132. Moran CA, Suster S. Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum I. Analysis of 322 cases with special ... more details
Image Germ band extension.png thumb 550px alt germ band extension. Schematic of Drosophila embryo at the start of germ band elongation and 30 minutes later. The germ band grey is posterior to the cephalic ... rows of cells in order to visualize tissue morphogenesis. Germ band extension is a morphogenesis morphological process widely studied in Drosophila melanogaster in which the germ layer germ band , which ... wie94 Irvine, K., and Wieschaus, E. 1994 . Cell intercalation during Drosophila germ band extension and its regulation by pair rule segmentation genes. Development 120, 827 841. ref Germ band extension ... the ventral germ band extends around the posterior end of the embryo, effectively folding ..., and oriented cell divisions in the posterior germ band are in part required for full elongation ... in Drosophila germ band extension. Nature Cell Biology 11, 859 864. ref However, elongation of the body ... axis elongation in Drosophila . However, the basis of germ band elongation is applicable to many organisms ..., through junctional neighbor exchange, the outcome is an extension of germ band in the anterior posterior ... fashion that promotes germ band elongation. ref Blankenship, J. T., Backovic, S. T., Sanny ... in the apical plane of a polarized epithelial. The dorsal ventral intercalation of cells during germ ... ventral boundaries, stabilizing adherens junctions. Moreover, bazooka mutants are defective in germ ... directed intercalation remains disputed. The source that establishes planar polarity during germ band ... and subsequent germ band elongation. ref name wie94 Furthermore, ectopic expression of eve ... invagination provides an anterior posterior pulling force that contributes to germ band extension ... extend their germ bands, during the fast phase the elongation length is normal despite defects in polarized ... cell behavior relaxes the stress imposed on the germ band, allowing stretched cells to restore ... tensile forces in Drosophila germ band extension. Nature Cell Biology 11, 859 864. ref In addition ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Germ Free Adolescents Type Album Artist X Ray Spex Cover X Ray Spex Germ Free Adolescents album cover.jpg Released November 1978 Recorded 1978, Essex Studios Genre Punk rock , New Wave music New Wave Length 45 30 Label EMI Records Producer Falcon Stuart br X Ray Spex Reviews Allmusic Rating 4 5 Allmusic class album id r22344 pure url yes link Last album This album Germ Free Adolescents br 1978 Next album Conscious Consumer br 1995 Germ Free Adolescents is the debut album of English people English punk rock band X Ray Spex . It contained the United Kingdom UK hit singles The Day The World Turned Day Glo No. 23 in April 1978 , Identity No. 24 in July 1978 and Germ Free Adolescents which reached No. 18 in November 1978. The album received wide acclaim upon its release. ref For example, critics at the NME ranked the album number 9 in their albums of the year list. ref In his February 1979 Consumer Guide in the Village Voice , critic Robert Christgau bemoaned the fact that Germ Free Adolescents had not been released in the US and praised Poly Styrene s cheerfully moralistic nursery rhymes , strong melodies, and the irresistible color of the band s dubiously tuned one sax horn section . ref http www.robertchristgau.com xg cg cgv2 79.php Consumer Guide , Feb. 26, 1979 ref Trouser Press called it a masterpiece ref http trouserpress.com entry.php?a x ray spex Trouser Press ref The Rough Guide to Rock calls it a storming album . ref The Rough Guide to Rock , p.1194 ref In 1994, The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music named Germ Free ... Engineering 2 49 I Live Off You 2 09 I Am a Poseur 2 34 Germ Free Adolescents 3 14 Plastic Bag ... Identity 2 25 Germ Free Adolescents 3 05 Warrior in Woolworths 3 06 Age 2 38 Tracks 13 16 from original ... 1978 albums Category X Ray Spex albums Category Debut albums Category EMI Records albums it Germ Free Adolescents ru Germ Free Adolescents ... more details
PBB geneid 2649 The germ cell nuclear factor GCNF , also known as RTR retinoid receptor related testis associated receptor or NR6A1 nuclear receptor subfamily 6, group A, member 1 , is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR6A1 gene . ref name pmid9134503 cite journal author Lei W, Hirose T, Zhang LX, Adachi H, Spinella MJ, Dmitrovsky E, Jetten AM title Cloning of the human orphan receptor germ cell nuclear factor retinoid receptor related testis associated receptor and its differential regulation ... author S sens U, Borgmeyer U title Characterization of the human germ cell nuclear factor gene journal ... is expressed mainly in the germ cell s of gonad s and is involved in the regulation of embryogenesis and germ cell cellular differentiation differentiation . ref name pmid16155958 cite journal author Zechel C title The germ cell nuclear factor GCNF journal Mol. Reprod. Dev. volume 72 issue 4 pages ... be involved in neurogenesis and germ cell development. The protein can homodimerize and bind DNA, but in vivo ... author Greschik H, Sch le R title Germ cell nuclear factor an orphan receptor with unexpected properties ... orphan receptor germ cell nuclear factor retinoid receptor related testis associated receptor ... cloning of two closely related forms of human germ cell nuclear factor GCNF . journal Biochim. Biophys ... germ cell nuclear factor. journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 19 issue 1 pages 690 703 year 1999 pmid ... interaction and differential expression of the human germ cell nuclear factor. journal Biochim ... receptor related testis associated receptor germ cell nuclear factor. journal J. Biol. Chem. volume ... S sens U, Borgmeyer U title Genomic structure of the gene for mouse germ cell nuclear factor GCNF ... of germ cell nuclear factor is dependent on the DNA binding domain. journal J. Biol. Chem. volume ... Yang G, Zhang YL, Buchold GM, et al. title Analysis of germ cell nuclear factor transcripts and protein ... R, Wetzel MG, et al. title Germ cell nuclear factor relieves cAMP response element modulator tau mediated ... more details
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