Unbalanced date September 2010 Inappropriate tone date September 2010 Galut or Golus lang he , means literally exile . Galut or Golus classically refers to the exile of the Jewish people from the Land of Israel . There were altogether four such exiles. These are said to be alluded to in Abraham s biblical vision of the future of his descendants according to Bereishit Rabba 44 17 And behold, a great, dark fear fell upon him. Fear refers to Babylonia ... dark refers to Medes Media . ... great refers to Greece .... fell upon him refers to Edom . These four exiles are said to correspond to four animals the camel, the rabbit, the hare, and the pig. ref cite web url http www.sichosinenglish.org books sichos in english 46 22.htm title Shabbos Parshas Vayeitze publisher Sichos In English date accessdate 2010 09 11 ref Mystical explanation Rabbi Tzvi Elimelech of Dinov Bnei Yissaschar, Chodesh Kislev, 2 25 explains that each exile was characterized by a different negative aspect The Babylon ian exile was characterized by physical suffering and oppression. The Babylonians were barbarians who viewed sheer physical strength as bestowing the right to dominate and conquer. They were lopsided toward the Sefirah of Gevurah , strength and bodily might. The Persia n exile was one of emotional temptation. The Persians were hedonists who declared that the purpose of life is to pursue indulgence and lusts Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we may die. They were lopsided toward the quality of Chessed ... has also become a Hebrew synonym for the Jewish diaspora , and the term galut mentality is used ... Judaism stub http www.messianic resources.com thegalut.php Galut The galut is a Hebrew word that refers ... lose of the fall of man has experienced. This is the exile galut that we want removed ... resources.com thegalut.php It also explains this galut and it s removal. It is entitled The Galut Is Removed. cs Galut lad Galut ro Galut ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Considered by some to be a Igorot Tingguian mercenary, and by others as merely a local villager, Januario Galut also known as Jacinto Galut was the man who led United States U.S. troops to a position from which they could surround and defeat the forces of Gen. Gregorio del Pilar in the Battle of Tirad Pass http www.bibingka.com phg cabugao default.htm . Galut has been considered a traitor among Filipinos. The Igorot peoples, of which Galut was one, were also subject to much discrimination by lowlanders so it has been questioned why they should have felt loyalty to the revolutionary government. http www.pinoyexchange.com forums showthread.php?t 300207 The only documentation linking him to the above action is in the testimony of the U.S. Texas Regiment which participated in the battle. External links http www.santa.gov.ph ilocossur cmdelpilarhistevents.html This Ilocos Sur government site refers to Galut as a Filipino from the lowlands, rather than as an Igorot person. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Category People from Benguet Galut, Januario Category Igorot people Galut, Januario Category People of the Philippine American War Galut, Januario Category Year of death missing ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Andrei Galut born in Arad, Romania Arad is a Romania n rock singer. As of 2008, he is 23 years of age, and rose to fame after winning the 2007 08 season of Prima TV s Megastar ref cite news title Megastarul Andrei Galut si a rupt mana la schi in Austria url http www.citynews.ro bihor eveniment 29 megastarul andrei galut si a rupt mana la schi in austria 108689 work CityNews.ro date 12 February 2011 accessdate 18 March 2011 ref Personal life Galut came out as gay shortly after winning the competition, in May 2008. ref http www.beanangel.ro angelicuss index.php?option com content&task view&id 278&Itemid 27 Andrei Galut, castigatorul Megastar a recunoscut ca este gay , Angelicuss , 20 May 2008 ref He stated that, although he previously kept his sexual orientation secret, he no longer wanted to hide it from others. He also offered his support to Romania s gay community. ref http www.freenews.ro public ro stire 58195 Megastarul Andrei Galut este homosexual , FreeNews.ro, 21 May 2008 ref References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Galut, Andrei ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Galut, Andrei Category Romanian rock singers Category Living people Category LGBT people from Romania Romania singer stub ... more details
orphan date August 2009 Golah is a Hebrew term that is used to refer to the Jewish diaspora community. While sharing the same Hebrew letters as the term galut , the terms are not interchangeable while golah refers to the practice of residing in diaspora and thus, to those who do reside in such a state , the term galut refers to the process of residing in diaspora that is, to be extricated, or to make voluntary yerida , from the region of Israel , and is mostly synonymous with the English word exile . The terms golah and galut , however, enjoy controversy within Jewish literature and Jewish politics, as they have become most prominently used since the 20th century within Zionism in its ideological promotion of the Negation of the Diaspora . ref http www.wzo.org.il en resources view.asp?id 1691 The Jewish Neurosis of Golah ref ref http www.aish.com jewishissues jewishsociety Why A.B.Yehoshua Is Wrong.asp Why A.B. Yehoshua is Wrong ref ref http fr.jpost.com servlet Satellite?cid 1162378392311&pagename JPost JPArticle ShowFull Bielski s comments draw Diaspora ire ref ref http home.gwu.edu msaper ajs article.html Arab Chains and The Good Things of Sepharad Aspects of Jewish Exile , by Marc Saperstein and Nancy E. Berg ref References reflist Category Hebrew words and phrases ... more details
Aechmalotarcha , or chmalotarcha , in antiquity, is a Greek language Greek term signifying the chief or leader of captives. The Jew s who refused to return with Zerubbabel to Jerusalem after the Babylonian Captivity created an chmalotarcha to govern them. The people themselves did not refer to him by that title, since they spoke Hebrew language Hebrew or Chaldee , not Greek. Origen and others, who wrote in Greek, rendered the Hebrew name Rosh galut , or , Reish galuta in Aramaic , meaning head of the exile or exilarch . However, Jews must have had officers of this kind before the return from Babylon for example, in the Apocryphal story of Susanna Book of Daniel Susannah , the two elders who condemned her were chmalotarch that year. 1728 Jewish hist stub Category Jewish history Category Greek words and phrases ... more details
Infobox French canton name Canton of Ch rost reg Image Blason Centre.svg 20px Centre region Centre dept Image Blason dpt fr Cher.svg 20px Cher department Cher arr Bourges chieftown Bourges numcomm 1 cancode pop year area The Cantons of Bourges City are 5 cantons of France cantons situated in the Cher department Cher departments of France d partement and in the Centre region Centre region of France . Geography Consisting of five parts of the city of Bourges , the altitude varies from 120m to 169m with an average altitude of 153m. Population align center rules all cellspacing 0 cellpadding 4 style border 1px solid 999 border right 2px solid 999 border bottom 2px solid 999 background f3fff3 style font weight bold font size 1.1em margin bottom 0.5em style background ddffdd Name Population Insee Cantonal Code Mayor Bourges Canton 1 align right 12,069 align right 18000 align right 18 05 Jean Michel Gu rineau Bourges Canton 2 align right 11,227 align right 18000 align right 18 31 Franck Thomas Richard Bourges Canton 3 align right 20,882 align right 18000 align right 18 32 Yann Galut Bourges Canton 4 align right 16,111 align right 18000 align right 18 33 Ir ne F lix Bourges Canton 5 align right 12,191 align right 18000 align right 18 34 Jean Pierre Saulnier See also Cher department Cher Arrondissements of the Cher department Cantons of the Cher department Communes of the Cher department Notes This article is based on the fr Canton de Bourges 1 equivalent article and others from the French Wikipedia , consulted on April 10th 2009. Cantons of Cher coord 47 5 4 N 2 23 47 E source nlwiki display title Cher geo stub Category Cantons of Cher Bourges ... more details
2000 , which examines the meanings of Judaism and Jewish belonging to contemporary American Jews. Galut ... arnold m eisen Awards National Jewish Book Award , 1987, for Galut National Jewish Book Award ... Commentary , March, 1999, pp. 67 69. Judaism, summer, 1990, David Biale, review of Galut ... more details
Apocalyptic literature is a genre of prophecy prophetical writing that developed in post Galut Exilic Judaism Jewish culture and was popular among millennialism millennialist early Christianity Christians . Apocalypse is a Greek language Greek word meaning revelation , an unveiling or unfolding of things not previously known and which could not be known apart from the unveiling. ref Goswiller 1987 p.3 ref As a genre, apocalyptic literature details the authors visions of the end times as revealed by a heavenly messenger or Angel . ref Coogan 2009 p 424 ref The apocalyptic literature of Judaism and Christianity embraces a considerable period, from the centuries following the exile down to the close of the middle ages . Origins Apocalyptical elements , to reveal something hidden can be detected in the prophetical books of Book of Joel Joel and Book of Zechariah Zechariah , while Book of Isaiah Isaiah chapters 24 27 and 33 present well developed apocalypses. The Book of Daniel offers a fully matured and classic example of this genre of literature. Unfulfilled prophecy The non fulfillment of prophecies served to popularize the methods of apocalyptic in comparison with the non fulfillment of the advent of the Jesus and Messianic prophecy Messianic kingdom . Thus, though Jeremiah had promised that after seventy years ref Jeremiah 25 11, 29 10 ref Israel should be restored to their own land, ref Jeremiah 29 5,6 ref and then enjoy the blessings of the Messianic kingdom under the Messianic king, ref Jeremiah 28 5,6 ref this period passed by and things remained as of old. Some Who date October 2009 believe that the Messianic kingdom was not necessarily predicted to occur at the end of the seventy years of the Babylonian exile, but at some unspecified time in the future. The only thing for certain that was predicted is the return of the Jews to their land, which occurred when Cyrus the Persian conquered Babylon in c.539 BC. Thus, the fulfillment of the Messianic ... more details
multiple issues COI June 2008 refimprove June 2008 citations missing June 2008 peacock June 2008 Rabbi Moshe Shmuel Glasner 1856 1924 , a prominent Hungary Hungarian Talmud ic scholar and communal leader, served as chief rabbi of Klausenburg Cluj from 1877 to 1923. In 1923 he left Klausenburg for Jerusalem where he resided until his death in 1924. He is best known as the author of Dor Revi i, a classic commentary on the tractate Hullin , and as a supporter of Zionism and a founder of Mizrachi . His father was Rabbi Avraham Glasner 1825 1877 , who preceded him as chief rabbi of Klausenburg, and was in fact his only teacher. His mother, Raizl n e Ehrenfeld , was the oldest granddaugher of the Chatam Sofer . Method of study A profound and innovative scholar, he was noted for his independence as a halakhic authority. He advocated a return to the method of study of the Rishonim pre 1500 CE rabbinic scholars whose way was to explain with crystal clearness, to examine, to search for truth without any respect for any person introduction to the Dor Revi i he opposed the method of pilpul casuistry that arose during the era of the Acharonim post 1500 CE scholars , saying pilpul is as far from the path of wisdom as East is from West id. and a weakness developed in the Galut during whose millennia of persecutions and migrations our capacity for straight thinking had been wellnigh destroyed . Similarly, in his monograph Ohr Bahir on the laws of mikva ot , he rejected halakhic reasoning based on esoteric sources or divine inspiration, arguing that only arguments that can be subjected to rational criticism and evaluated in terms of halakhic sources known to halakhic experts at large carry weight in arriving at halakhic decisions. His work also developed an innovative method in understanding and applying the code of Maimonides Rambam . Many of codifications of the Rambam had perplexed commentators because they seemed to be at odds with the relevant Talmudic sources. These seemingly ... more details
Refimprove date December 2008 Yitzchok Isaac Hutner 1906 1980 was an Orthodox Judaism Orthodox rabbi and American rosh yeshiva born in Warsaw , Poland , to a family with both Ger Hasidic dynasty Ger Hasidic Judaism Hasidic and non Hasidic Lithuanian Jews Lithuanian Jewish roots. As a child he received private instruction in Torah and Talmud . As a teenager he was enrolled in the Slabodka yeshiva in Lithuania , headed by Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel Slabodka Nosson Tzvi Finkel , where he was known as the Warsaw Illui prodigy . Image R.Hutner Purim .jpg thumb 260px right Rabbi Yitzchok Hutner the Rosh yeshiva of Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin at a special Purim celebration in his yeshiva . Early years Having obtained a solid grounding in Talmud , Hutner joined a group of the Slabodka yeshiva that established a new yeshiva in Hebron . He studied there until 1929, narrowly escaping the 1929 Hebron massacre because he was away for the weekend, on his way to see Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook . It was during his stay in the British Mandate of Palestine that he became a disciple of Kook, the first chief rabbi of Palestine as it was then known. The philosophical and mystical mind set of both men made them kindred spirits. Like Kook, the young Hutner eventually developed a warm welcoming posture towards non religious Jews who were seeking to become more religious. They viewed things in the context of the end of the Jewish exile, Jewish diaspora golus galut , with the imminent coming of the Jewish messiah messianic era . In later years, when Kook s name became associated with the Mizrachi Religious Zionism Mizrachi , part of the Religious Zionism Religious Zionist Movement , Hutner, an eventual member of the non Zionist Haredi Judaism Haredi Agudath Israel of America s Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah Council of Torah Sages , sought to downplay his former association with Kook, even though he maintained cordial relations with Kook s son and heir Rabbi Zvi Yehuda Kook and other prominent students su ... more details
Exilarch Hebrew language Hebrew Rosh Galut , Aramaic language Aramaic Reish Galuta lit. head of the exile , Greek language Greek Aechmalotarcha chmalotarcha refers to the leaders of the Diaspora Jewish community following the deportation of the population of Judah into Babylonian captivity Babylonian exile after the destruction of the kingdom of Judah . The people in exile were called golah bibleverse Jeremiah 28 6 HE , bibleverse nb Jeremiah 29 1 HE Book of Ezekiel Ezekiel passim or galut bibleverse Jeremiah 29 22 HE . The Greek term has continued to be applied to the position, notwithstanding changes to the position over time, which was at most times purely honorific. The origin of this dignity is not known, but the princely post was hereditary in a family that traced its descent from the royal Davidic line . It was recognized by the state and carried with it certain prerogatives. The first historical documents referring to it date from the time when Babylon was part of the Parthian Empire . The office lasted to the middle of the sixth century CE, under different regimes the Arsacid Empire Arsacid s and Sassanid dynasty Sassanid s . During the beginning of sixth century Mar Zutra II formed a politically independent state where he ruled from Mahoza for about seven years. He was eventually defeated by Kavadh I , King of Persia. ref http jewishencyclopedia.com view.jsp?artid 171&letter Z&search Mar 20zutra ref The position was restored in the seventh century, under Arab rule. Exilarchs continued to be appointed through the 11th century. Under Arab rule, Muslims treated the exilarch with great pomp and circumstance. Development and organization The history of the exilarchate falls naturally into two periods, separated by the beginning of the Arabic rule in Babylonia . Nothing is known about the office before the 2nd century, including any details about its founding or beginnings. It can merely be said in general that the golah , the Jews living in compact ... more details
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