Infobox fluorineFluorine IPAc en icon f l r i n , IPAc en f l r n , or IPAc en f l r ... fluorine is a yellow green gas consisting of diatomic molecule s, chem F 2 . Chemically, fluorine ... than, elemental chlorine . The high affinity for electrons of fluorine leads it to direct reactions ... . Fluorine s most common mineral fluorite was first formally described in 1530 elemental fluorine ... the only industrial production method. Fluorine s high electronegativity and small atomic radius gives distinctive properties to many of its compounds. Ionic compounds of fluorine are water soluble halide salts. Covalent fluorine compounds are often low melting molecular compounds that show physical ... of the carbon fluorine bond confers particularly high chemical and thermal stability to these compounds. Fluorine was named after fluorite fluorspar , in turn given its name after the Latin language ... metallurgy flux to facilitate liquefaction of ores in smelting. Thus the word fluorine is related to the English word flow and many fluorine compounds tend to decrease frictional forces between substances ... molecules in which the outer parts of the molecule are fluorinated so that only covalently bonded fluorine ..., due to the low van der Waals force van der Waals attraction between covalent fluorine atoms and most ... weight fluorine compounds, such as Freon s, fluorinated anesthetics , sulfur hexafluoride , tungsten ... Gastroenterology volume 137 issue 5 Suppl pages S55 S60 ref Several fluorine compounds and elemental fluorine itself are dangerously toxic, whereas several other artificially produced fluorinated organic ... 62 4 561.full.pdf Characteristics Physical A fluorine atom has nine electrons, which falls just before the extremely stable ten electron configuration of neon , so a fluorine atom is much more likely ... 1 sup , which makes a fluorine atom extremely difficult to oxidize into a monopositive cation , F ... Oxidation of fluorine by the extraction of an electron requires so much energy that no known oxidant ... more details
saved book title Fluorine subtitle An overview cover image Fluorite crystals 270x444.jpg cover color Fluorine An overview Overview Fluorine Isotopes Isotopes of fluorine Miscellany Fluoride Fluoride poisoning Category Wikipedia books on chemical elements Category Fluorine ... more details
Chembox ImageFileL1 fluorine perchlorate 2D.png ImageSizeL1 130px ImageNameL1 Full structural formula of fluorine perchlorate ImageFileR1 Fluorine perchlorate 3D balls.png ImageSizeR1 110px ImageNameR1 Ball and stick model of fluorine perchlorate IUPACName OtherNames Fluorine perchlorate Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 10049 03 3 PubChem SMILES FOCl O O O Section2 Chembox Properties Formula chem FClO 4 MolarMass Appearance Density MeltingPt 167.3 C BoilingPt 16 C Solubility Section3 Chembox Thermochemistry DeltaHf 9 kcal mol ref Breazeale, J. D. MacLaren, R. O.. Thermochemistry of oxygen fluorine bonding , United Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, 1963. Accession Number AD0402889. Retrieved online from http oai.dtic.mil oai oai?verb getRecord&metadataPrefix html&identifier AD0402889 on 2009 05 21. ref Section4 Chembox Hazards MainHazards Highly explosive gas FlashPt Autoignition Fluorine perchlorate is the rarely encountered chemical compound of fluorine , chlorine , and oxygen with chemical formula chem FClO 4 or chem FOClO 3 . It is an extremely unstable gas that explodes spontaneously, ref Pradyot Patnaik. A comprehensive guide to the hazardous properties of chemical substances , 3rd ed., Wiley Interscience, 2007. ISBN 0471714585 ref and has a penetrating odor. ref Robert Alan Lewis. Lewis dictionary of toxicology , CRC Press, 1998, p. 508. ISBN 1566702232 ref Synthesis One synthesis uses fluorine and perchloric acid , ref cite doi 10.1021 ja01195a063 ref though the action of chlorine pentafluoride ClF sub 5 sub on water is another method. A third method of synthesis involves the thermal decomposition of tetrafluoroammonium perchlorate, chem NF 4 ClO 4 , which yields very pure chem FClO 4 that may be manipulated and frozen without explosions. ref cite doi 10.1021 ic50199a056 ref Structure Fluorine perchlorate is not analogous to perchloric acid because the fluorine ..., due to the electronegativity of oxygen, which is higher than that of chlorine but lower than that of fluorine ... more details
Although fluorine F has multiple isotope s , only one of these isotopes is stable as such, it is a monoisotopic element . All of the radioactive isotopes have half half lives less than two hours, making fluorine a mononuclidic element as well. br Standard atomic mass 18.9984032 5 unified atomic mass unit u Fluorine 18 The nuclide Fluorine 18 sup 18 sup F is the radionuclide of fluorine with the longest half life, about 110 minutes, allowing it to serve commercially is an important source of positron s. It finding its major use in production of the radipharmaceutical fludeoxyglucose for positron emission tomography scanning in medicine. Fluorine 19 Fluorine 19 , the most stable isotope of fluorine . Its abundance on earth is 100 no other isotopes of fluorine exist in significant quantities. Its binding energy is 147801 keV. Fluorine 19 is NMR active, so it is used in fluorine 19 NMR spectroscopy. Fluorine 20 Fluorine 20 , is one of the more unstable isotopes of fluorine . It has a half life .... Its specific radioactivity is 1.885 x 10 sup 9 sup TBq g and has a life time of 15.87 seconds. Fluorine 21 Florine 21 , as with Fluorine 20 , Fluorine 21 is also one of the more unstable isotopes of this element ... text align right 7 16.011466 9 11 6 E 21 s 40 20 keV 0 Fluorine 17 sup 17 sup F style text align right 9 style text align right 8 17.00209524 27 64.49 16 s 5 2 Fluorine 18 sup 18 sup F style text ... sup F colspan 3 style text indent 2em 1121.36 15 keV 162 7 ns 5 Fluorine 19 sup 19 sup F style text .... See editing notes on Talk Isotopes of fluorine this article s talk page . cite journal author ... 11 nopp yes edition 85th publisher CRC Press isbn 978 0849304859 Isotope nav element fluorine lighter ... fluorine 21 qr ub 90 Information on Fluorine 21 from Wolframalpha.com http www.wolframalpha.com input ?i fluorine 20 Information on Fluorine 20 from Wolframalpha.com DEFAULTSORT Isotopes Of Fluorine Category Fluorine Category Isotopes of fluorine Category Lists of isotopes by element Fluorine ca ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Fluorine deficiency Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 269.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries and possibly osteoporosis due to a lack of fluoride in the diet. ref cite web url http www.merck.com mmpe sec01 ch005 ch005d.html title Fluorine publisher Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Merck accessdate 2009 01 04 ref ref cite web url http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency article 002420.htm title Fluoride in diet publisher MedlinePlus accessdate 2009 01 04 ref The extent to which the condition truly exists, and its relationship to fluoride poisoning has given rise to some controversy. Fluorine is not considered to be an essential nutrient, but the importance of fluorides for preventing dental caries tooth decay is well recognized, ref cite web author Olivares M and Uauy R date 2004 url http www.who.int water sanitation health dwq en nutoverview.pdf title Essential nutrients in drinking water Draft publisher World Health Organization WHO accessdate 2008 12 30 ref although the effect is predominantly topical. ref cite journal author Pizzo G, Piscopo MR, Pizzo I, Giuliana G title Community water fluoridation and caries prevention a critical review journal Clin Oral Investig volume 11 issue 3 pages 189 93 year 2007 month September pmid 17333303 doi 10.1007 s00784 007 0111 6 url ref Prior to 1981, the effect of fluorides was thought to be largely systemic and preeruptive, requiring ingestion. ref cite journal author Aoba T, Fejerskov O title Dental fluorosis chemistry and biology journal Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. volume 13 issue 2 pages 155 70 year 2002 pmid 12097358 doi 10.1177 154411130201300206 url http crobm.iadrjournals.org cgi pmidlookup ... over the essentiality of fluorine date back to the 19th century, when fluorine was observed ... fed fluorine deficient diets, but a subsequent investigation determined that this was due to reduced ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date November 2007 A Quartz Fluorine Vessel is a specialized contained built to hold and view fluorine , the most reactive and electronegative substance known. The preparation of these vessels is delicate and labor intensive. Most containers designed to hold fluorine are lined with Polytetrafluoroethylene Teflon because of its almost non existent reactivity. The clear substrate onto which the Teflon or another fluorocarbon must be applied is a high purity, single crystal quartz tube. Preparing the container The procedure for preparing the tube is keenly attuned to detail because just one molecule of water or Hydrogen fluoride HF can set off a chain reaction that will destroy the tube. Now, obviously it is near impossible to remove all dangerous molecules from the fluorine sample but the fewer of them, the longer the sample will last and it can last for decades. Category Fluorine ... more details
Fluorine absorption dating is the use of fluorine to determine the duration of time an object found in the soil has been there. It is a relative dating technique, in comparison to absolute dating techniques like radiocarbon dating . Fluorine absorption dating can be carried out based on the fact that groundwater contains fluorine ions. Items, such as bone fragments that are in the soil will Absorption chemistry absorb fluoride from the groundwater over time. From the amount of absorbed fluoride in the item, the time that the item has been in the soil can be estimated. The dating method is a relative one because one needs another item found in the same area of which the age is known to state anything about a true age. If no real age is known, ages can only be expressed in older than or younger than between the two objects. The fluctuating amount of fluoride found in groundwater means the objects in comparison must be in the same local area in order for the comparisons to be accurate. As not all objects absorb fluorine at the same rate, this also undermines the accuracy of such a dating technique. Although this can be compensated for by accommodating for the rate of absorption in calculations, such an accommodation tends to have a rather large margin of error . References Reflist G ksu, H. Y., M. Oberhofer and D. Regulla, editors, Fluorine dating in Scientific Dating Methods, Springer, 1991, pp 251 270 ISBN 978 0792314615 Chronology DEFAULTSORT Fluorine Absorption Dating Category Dating methods Chem stub sl Fluorjev test ... more details
The covalent radius of fluorine is a measure of the size of a fluorine atom it is approximated at about 60 picometre s. Since fluorine is a relatively small atom with a large electronegativity , its covalent ..., almost all bonds to fluorine are highly polar because of its large electronegativity, so the use ... from these radii are almost always longer than the experimental values. Bonds to fluorine have ... The first attempt at trying to find the covalent radius of fluorine was in 1938, by Brockway. ref ... 2 sub molecules by means of the electrolysis of potassium bifluoride KHF sub 2 sub in a fluorine generator ... , it was determined that the bond length between the two fluorine atoms was about 145 pm. ref name Brockway He therefore assumed that the covalent radius of fluorine was half this value, or 73 pm. This value, however, is inaccurate due to the large electronegativity and small radius of fluorine ... radius of fluorine that is known as being too large. Pauling In 1960, Pauling proposed an additional ... to, giving the bonds a certain amount of sigma bond character. In addition, the fluorine atom also ... of bond lengths in fluorine molecules was a direct result of the extra pi bonding originating from the ligand, which brought the atoms closer together. Ronald Gillespie File Bond length of fluorine graph.JPG ... the value of 60 pm for the covalent radius of fluorine. In 1992, Ronald Gillespie and Edward ... radius of fluorine. ref name REJTG cite journal last1 Gillespie first1 Ronald J. last2 Robinson first2 Edward A. title Bond lengths in covalent fluorides. A new value for the covalent radius of fluorine ... sub 3 sub can be attributed to the delocalization of the fluorine lone pairs. In 1997, Gillespie et al. found that his original prediction was too low, and that the covalent radius of fluorine is about ... distribution for several fluorine molecules. Contour plot s of the electron density distribution were then drawn, which were used to evaluate the bond length of fluorine to other molecules. The authors ... more details
Summary Information Description Fluorine cell room Source self made Date 29 Jan 08 Location F2 Chemicals Ltd, preston, UK Author F2 Chemicals Ltd AK Joel Permission other versions Licensing PD self date January 2008 ... more details
Image Carbon fluorine bond polarity 2D black.png thumb The partial charges in the polarized carbon fluorine bond The carbon fluorine bond is a Chemical bond bond between carbon and fluorine that is a component ... of fluorine 4.0 for F vs. 2.5 for carbon gives the carbon fluorine bond a significant Chemical polarity ... around the fluorine, leaving the carbon relatively electron poor. This introduces ionic character to the bond through partial charges C sup sup &mdash F sup &minus sup . The partial charges on the fluorine and carbon are attractive, contributing to the unusual bond strength of the carbon fluorine ... url ref because fluorine forms the strongest single bond to carbon. Carbon fluorine bonds can have ... for carbon fluorine while values of 104.9, 83.7, 72.1, and 57.6 kcal mol represent carbon X bonds to hydrogen ... length The carbon fluorine bond length is typically about 1.35 ngstr m 1.39 in fluoromethane . ref ... and carbon oxygen bonds, despite fluorine having a larger atomic mass . The short length of the bond ... on carbon and fluorine. The carbon fluorine bond length varies by several hundredths of an angstrom ... in bond lengths and the shortening of bonds to fluorine due to their partial ionic character are also observed for bonds between fluorine and other elements, and have been a source of difficulties with the selection of an appropriate value for the covalent radius of fluorine . Linus Pauling originally suggested 64 picometer pm , but that value was eventually replaced by 72 pm, which is half of the fluorinefluorine bond length. However, 72 pm is too long to be representative of the lengths of the bonds between fluorine and other elements, so values between 54 pm and 60 pm have been suggested by other .... A New Value for the Covalent Radius of Fluorine. Inorganic Chemistry, 31 , 1960 1963. ref ref Robinson ... of Bonds to Fluorine in Terms of an Almost Ionic Model. Inorganic Chemistry, 36 , 3022 3030. ref ... 2838, doi 10.1039 b801115j ref Bond strength effect of geminal bonds With increasing number of fluorine ... more details
Summary Information Description A pale yellow sample of liquid fluorine condensed in liquid nitrogen inside a transparent container Source cite web url http www.chemie master.de FrameHandler.php?loc http www.chemie master.de pse pse.php?modul F title Fluorine publisher chemie master.de accessdate 2011 03 06 Date User Nergaal Nergaal User talk Nergaal talk 18 28, 6 March 2011 UTC Author chemie master.de Permission chemie master.de has been granted the sole and exclusive right and licence to produce, publish and further license the image other versions none Fair use Non free use rationale Article Fluorine Description A sall amount of liquid fluorine condensed in liquid nitrogen Source cite web url http www.chemie master.de FrameHandler.php?loc http www.chemie master.de pse pse.php?modul F title Fluorine publisher chemie master.de accessdate 2011 03 06 Portion crop of one of the images listed at http www.chemie master.de pse F DSCN1412.jpg Low resolution The image is of a low size and resolution, sufficient to maintain the quality intended by the company, without being unnecessarily high resolution. At a lower size the liquid piece would look just like a yellow blob. It does not limit the copyright owner s rights to market or sell the work in any way. Purpose The image is used to illustrate and identify the highly reactive element in its pure form. The element is extremely difficult to trap inside a colorless contained since it corrodes even the highest quality of quartz glasses, consisting of a very serious hazard to health once it eats through the container and is released into the atmosphere Replaceability chemie master.de publisher of the image has not released any such images into the public domain, and a free replacement image could not be created due to safety hazards associated with manipulating the element. This image is one of the very few published on the pure element. other information Use of image in the following articles complies with Wikipedia Wikipedia ... more details
Summary There was some confusion over the color of fluorine see wikipedia fluorine document . Licensing self cc by sa 3.0 GFDL migration redundant ... more details
BF2 may refer to Battlefield 2 , a computer game developed by Digital Illusions CE DICE Star Wars Battlefront II , a video game developed by Pandemic Studios borondifluoride , a chemical group of boron and fluorine disambiguation ... more details
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE is a fluoropolymer with the following monomer structure Image polychlorotrifluoroethylene.jpg Its molecular formula is nowiki nowiki Carbon C Fluorine F sub 2 sub Carbon C Chlorine Cl Fluorine F nowiki nowiki sub n sub . It is related to PTFE . External links Category Polymers Category Thermoplastics Polymer stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Difluoroalkenes are alkene s that have two fluorine s on their sp sup 2 sup carbon. Difluoroalkenes that have the fluorines on the same carbon, a geminal relationship, are called gem difluoroalkenes . They have a unique reactivity derived from the fluorines. Generally, the alkenes are known to react with electrophile s. But gem difluoroalkenes can react also with nucleophile s, since their carbon carbon double bond is electrophilically activated by the two fluorine atoms. By using this characteristic, several fluorine containing compounds have been prepared. Because of their biological activities and physical properties, gem difluoroalkene compounds have been attracting much interest in various fields such as medical and agricultural chemistry and material sciences. Category Organofluorides Category Alkenes Organohalide stub ... more details
organic chemical compounds that contain carbon and fluorine Chemical bond bonded in the polarized and remarkably strong carbon fluorine bond . Organofluorine compounds are diverse, they can be fluorocarbon ... Image Carbon fluorine bond polarity 2D black.png left thumb 133px C F partial charges main Carbon fluorine bond The carbon fluorine bond is referred to as the strongest in organic chemistry because ... character is a result of the electronegativity of fluorine. It induces partial charges on the carbon and fluorine atoms, leading to electrostatic attraction, making the bond short and strong. Compounds Organofluorine compounds that have the carbon fluorine bond are diverse in their types. They can ... that contain only carbon and fluorine , ref GoldBookRef title fluorocarbons file F02459 ref while other molecules that contain many carbon fluorine bonds are commonly referred to as fluorocarbons. ref ... and agrichemicals commonly contain only one fluorine or a trifluoromethyl group. ref name ... synthesized organofluorines contain only one carbon fluorine bond. ref name Murphy2003 Murphy CD ... and fluorine. They can be gases, liquids, waxes, or solids, depending upon their molecular weight ... a biologically active molecule that has fluorine in it, it could be in there for a different reason ... author Ann M. Thayer date 5 June 2006 title Fabulous Fluorine journal Chemical & Engineering News volume ... . Organofluorines with only one carbon fluorine bond can simply behave as a hydrocarbon. Therefore, the one salient point for all organofluorine compounds is that the carbon fluorine bond can dramatically alter biological properties. ref cite journal title The Many Roles for Fluorine in Medicinal ... is an enzyme capable of biologically synthesizing the carbon fluorine bond. ref cite journal ... issue 6878 ref Man made carbon fluorine bonds are commonly found in pharmaceuticals and agrichemicals because it adds stability to the carbon framework also, the relatively covalent radius of fluorine ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Trifluoroethane may refer to either of two isomer ic fluorocarbon s which differ by the location of attachment of the fluorine atoms 1,1,1 Trifluoroethane R 143a 1,1,2 Trifluoroethane R 143b Both are used as refrigerant and propellant gasses. Category Organofluorides Category Refrigerants de Trifluorethan ... more details
File 19F NMR yne 6AmF5 .svg thumb A sample 19F NMR of a simple organic compound. Integrations are shown under each peak. Fluorine 19 NMR for nuclear magnetic resonance is an analytical technique. Fluorine 19 sup 19 sup F has a spin of 1 2, and a relative abundance of 100 and a high magnetogyric ratio , making measurements very fast comparable with 1H NMR sup 1 sup H NMR . Integrals are reliable due to the lack of a nuclear Overhauser effect fluorine forms one bond only . Fluorine containing compounds are occasionally encountered in organic chemistry fluorinated compounds are popular in pharmaceutical applications , and in inorganic chemistry e.g. the trifluoroacetate anion or counter ligand . The reference compound for sup 19 sup F is Trichlorofluoromethane CFCl sub 3 sub . ref cite web publisher Hebrew University author Roy Hoffman year 2007 title sup 19 sup Fluorine NMR url http chem.ch.huji.ac.il nmr techniques 1d row2 f.html ref References references NMR by isotope Category Nuclear magnetic resonance Category Fluorine chem stub fr RMN du fluor 19 ... more details
Neil Bartlett may refer to Neil Bartlett chemist 1932 2008 , chemist who specialized in fluorine Neil Bartlett playwright born 1958 , award winning British director, performer, translator, and writer See also Neal Bartlett born 1975 , English footballer hndis Bartlett, Neil DEFAULTSORT Bartlett, Neil ... more details
Carbon monofluoride CF , CF sub x sub , or CF sub x sub , also called polycarbon monofluoride , polycarbon fluoride , poly carbon monofluoride , and graphite fluoride , is a material formed by high temperature reaction of fluorine gas with graphite , charcoal , or pyrolytic carbon powder. Its CAS number is CASREF CAS 51311 17 2 . In contrary to graphite intercalation compounds it is a covalent graphite compound. Carbon is stable in fluorine atmosphere up to about 400 C, but between 420 600 C reaction takes place to give sub stoichiometric carbon monofluoride, CF sub 0.68 sub appearing dark grey. With increasing temperature and fluorine pressure stoichiometries up to CF sub 1.12 sub are formed. With increasing fluorine content the colour changes from dark grey to cream white indicating the loss of the aromatic character. The fluorine atoms are located in an alternating fashion above and under the former graphene plane, which is now buckled due to formation of covalent carbon fluorine bonds. Reaction of carbon with fluorine at even higher temperature successively destroys the graphite compound to yield a mixture of gaseous fluorocarbon s such as e.g. tetrafluorocarbon, CF sub 4 sub , and tetrafluoroethylene, C sub 2 sub F sub 4 sub . ref http www.bbc.co.uk dna h2g2 A6359060 BBC h2g2 Carbon and its Inorganic Compounds Bot generated title ref In a similar fashion the recently found carbon allotrope fullerene , C sub 60 sub reacts with fluorine gas to give fullerene fluorides with stoichiometries up to C sub 60 sub F sub 48 sub . ref http www3.interscience.wiley.com cgi bin abstract 84002199 ABSTRACT O. V. Boltalina et al. Two isomers of C sub 60 sub F sub 48 sub An Indented Fullerene, Int Ed. Angew.Chem. 40 2001 , 2285 ref A precursor of carbon monofluoride is the fluorine graphite intercalation compound , also called fluorine GIC . Other intercalation fluorides of carbon are poly dicarbon fluoride C sub 2 sub F sub n sub tetracarbon monofluoride TCMF, C sub 4 sub F . G ... more details
causes pain and damage to bones and joints. Fluorine Forms Fluorine can be isolated in two different ... Fluorine in its atomic form due to its high reactivity and electronegativity . Reactivity Fluorine is the most reactive of the halogens . Fluorine is the most electronegative element currently known ... 8 electrons in the outer s and p shells . This extra electron could come from anything. Because of this, Fluorine ... acid such as antimony pentafluoride. Synthesis Fluorine is not produced in a monatomic, uncharged form. It is generally always manufactured from the mineral Fluorite , which is the major source of Fluorine on earth. Though it is not produced as an elemental form, Fluorine can be produced in its ... to form gaseous Hydrogen, gaseous Fluorine, and ionic Fluorine in an aqueous solution, H2, F2, and F respectively. Reactions Molecular Fluorine will act as an oxidant in most reactions. In electrochemistry ... of the compound or element in question to be reduced, or gain electrons. Fluorine has the highest ... title University Chemistry edition 1 publisher McGraw Hill Science Engineering year 2008 ref . Fluorine ... metals, noble gases, and organic compounds. Due to its high reactivity, gaseous Fluorine must .... Available forms Fluorine can be very dangerous in its gaseous form. However, it is still available for purchase from chemical suppliers around the world. It can also be obtained by the purchase of Fluorine ... The best way to view the mechanism of action by which Fluorine breaks down bones and causes Skeletal Fluorosis is in a step wise fashion. 1. Fluorine enters the body by two paths Ingestion or respiration ... of Fluorine to enter the body is Hydrogen Fluoride gas, this is what starts the process. Exposed ... ehs labsafetymanual cheminfo flourine.htm title Fluorine accessdate 2011 03 18 work ref . 2. This will leave ... structure. Due to a high Fluorine concentration in the body, the bone is hardened and thus less ... patients suffering from skeletal fluorosis show side effects from the high Fluorine dose such as ruptures ... more details
Acuminite or Acuminit or Acuminita is a mineral of strontium , aluminium , fluorine , oxygen , and hydrogen with a chemical formula strontium Sr aluminum Al fluorine F sub 4 sub oxygen O hydrogen H water H sub 2 sub O . Its name comes from the Latin language Latin word acumen , meaning spear point . Its Mohs scale of mineral hardness Mohs scale rating is 3.5. External links http www.mindat.org min 19.html Mindat.org http www.webmineral.com data Acuminite.shtml Webmineral data Category Strontium minerals Category Aluminium minerals Category Halide minerals Category Monoclinic minerals Halide mineral stub de Acuminit it Acuminite lv Akumin ts nl Acuminiet pt Acuminite simple Acuminite vi Acuminit ... more details
Yttrocerite is a mineral with a chemical formula calcium Ca fluorine F sub 2 sub yttrium Y , cerium Ce fluorine F sub 3 sub . It is a bluish red fluoride with Cubic crystal system isometric crystals and is named for the Yttrium and Cerium it contains. It has a Mohs hardness of 4 5. It has been found in Sweden , several states in the United States and Norway . ref http www.mindat.org min 7379.html ref It is not a mineral species approved by International Mineralogical Association . ref http webmineral.com data Yttrocerite.shtml Webmineral data ref References references External links http www.mindat.org min 7379.html Mindat.org Category Calcium minerals Category Yttrium minerals Category Halide minerals Category Lanthanide minerals Halide mineral stub ... more details
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