dynasties The EnglishInterregnum from 1649 1660 was a republic an period in Britain, comprising the Commonwealth ... the regicide of Charles I of England Charles I and before the English Restoration restoration of Charles II of England Charles II A second Englishinterregnum occurred between 23 December 1688, when ...forms of government Other uses An interregnum plural interregna or interregnums is a period of discontinuity ... rex, r gis , king , and the concepts of interregnum and Regent regency therefore overlap. Examples .... In Roman law , interregnum was usually accompanied by the proclamation of justitium or state ...?docId 5000477723 Questia On the Way Out Interregnum Presidential Activity ref The term also refers ... as a caretaker government until the new government is established. Historical periods of interregnum ... Ua Briain , is sometimes regarded as an interregnum, as the High King of Ireland High Kingship of Ireland was disputed throughout these decades. The interregnum may even have extended to 1121 , when Toirdhealbhach Ua Conchobhair acceded to the title. The Great Interregnum 1254 1273 .... List of Monarchs of Scotland First Interregnum 1290.E2.80.931292 First Interregnum 1290 1292 in Scotland List of Monarchs of Scotland Second Interregnum 1296.E2.80.931306 Second Interregnum 1296 ... Crisis in Portugal The 1402 1413 Ottoman Interregnum The 1410 1412 crisis in Aragon and the Compromise ... pursuant to the Declaration of Right . In some monarchies, such as the United Kingdom , an interregnum ... Primate religion primate who served as an interrex ruler between kings . Pope s interregnum or sede vacante An interregnum occurs also upon the death of the Pope, though this is generally known as a sede vacante vacant seat . The interregnum ends immediately upon Papal election election of the new ... were abolished during the interregnum years between Hakuchi and Shuch , and again between Shuch ... system to be reinstated, and it has continued uninterrupted through today. The two interregnum ... more details
Interregnum may refer to Interregnum , a period between monarchs, between pope s of the Roman Catholic Church , between parish priests of the Church of England or between consul s of the Roman Republic a period of discontinuity In competitive games, a period in which there is no recognized champion, for example the Interregnum of World Chess Champions Interregnum solitaire , a solitaire card game Interregnum documentary Interregnum documentary a documentary with and about the drawings of George Grosz Interregnum Foundation Series , the period between the first and the second Galactic Empires, in the fictitious future world of Isaac Asimov s The Foundation Series Foundation Series Interregnum Heinlein , a period in Robert A. Heinlein s Future History Interregnum Brust , the period between Adron s Disaster and the reformation of the empire, in the fictitious world of Steven Brust s Dragaera Interregnum Turney , a fantasy novel disambig simple Interregnum disambiguation ... more details
The EnglishInterregnum was the period of parliamentary and military rule by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the Commonwealth of England after the English Civil War . It began with the overthrow, and execution, of Charles I of England Charles I in January 1649, ref In Scotland where Charles II of England Charles II was proclaimed King of Scots in February 1649, the period de facto began with the defeat of Charles II at the Battle of Worcester in September 1651, see the article Tender of Union for details ref and ended with the English Restoration restoration of Charles II of England Charles II on May 29, 1660. This era in English history can be divided into four periods. The first period ... date June 2008 Reflist DEFAULTSORT Interregnum Category English Civil War Category Stuart England Category Republicanism in England es Interregno ingl s fr Interr gne anglais simple EnglishInterregnum ... of England from 1659 until 1660 Life during the Interregnum After the Parliamentarian victory ... 1652 Life for both Irish and English Catholics in Ireland became increasingly difficult under ... settlers set up English Dissenter dissenting religious communities, such as Quakers or Baptists , under ... by the Interregnum regime, as most of them had taken the Solemn League and Covenant and had fought with the Scots against the Parliament in the Third English Civil War 1649 50 . Charles Fleetwood ..., Presbyterians, and the pre war English Protestant settlers at the expense of the radical new settlers ... such as a ban on their living in towns to lapse. Towards the end of the Interregnum, Parliamentarian generals Charles Coote and Richard Boyle who were also pre war English settlers seized the strong points in Ireland in preparation for the restoration of the monarchy. Historical analysis The Interregnum was a relatively short, but important, period in English history. It saw a number of political ... to make all the different political factions happy. During the Interregnum, Oliver Cromwell lost ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date October 2008 An interregnum regent is a person who rules in the place of the rightful heir until he or she reaches the age of maturity. In ancient Egypt , the tradition was established during Dynasty One during the reign of Merneith , who acted as interregnum regent for her son, Den , who later ruled as Pharaoh . That this queen ruled for a period of time is confirmed from the Palermo Stone , on which the early dynastic kings are named. DEFAULTSORT Interregnum Regent Category Regents Ancient Egypt stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date June 2008 Some more recent research has other findings, but according to early twentieth century writers in 1932, an interregnum queen , is a Great Royal Wife of a previous pharaoh who rules as a regent in the place of her heir son, who has not yet reached the age to solely assume the role of pharaoh of Egypt. Officially the young heir son is assumed to be king, de iure , making, in theory, his mother a co regent. In practice, the interregnum queen rules in the place of the young male heir as sole ruler , until the heir son reaches an age when he could assume the duties of pharaoh alone. Notes reflist 2 Category Ancient Egypt Category Ancient Egyptian society Category Ancient Egyptian queens consort AncientEgypt bio stub ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 orphan December 2009 wikify December 2009 This article is about the solitaire game. To know about interregnum, see Interregnum its associated article . Interregnum is a solitaire card game using two decks of 52 cards each. The object of this game is to build eight foundations of thirteen cards each, regardless of suit. But building the foundations is unusual compared to most foundation building games. The game starts with eight cards dealt in a row. The space below each card is a foundation and the card above the foundation is its last card. Therefore, the foundation must start with a card which is a rank higher than the card over it and is built up from there without any regard to the suits. E. g. a 5 above a 4, a 2 above an A, an A above a K, etc. Below the foundations are eight tableau piles each starting with one card each. The cards on the tableau must be moved to the foundations and there should be no further manipulation within the tableau. When no more moves are possible, a card is dealt from the 88 card reserve the leftover cards into each pile, whether empty or having at least one card. The top card of each pile is available for play. When a foundation has been filled to the twelfth card, the card above the foundation is placed over it as the thirteenth card, closing out the foundation and setting it aside. The game is over when the reserve has been used up and there no possible moves left. The game is won when all eight foundations have been set aside, each with thirteen cards each. Sometimes, the first eight cards dealt as mentioned above are the foundations and are built the same way as if they are the first cards. Once a foundation is filled with thirteen cards, ending with the card a rank lower than the first card, it is closed out and set aside. DEFAULTSORT Interregnum Solitaire Category Solitaire card games ... more details
Merge to Ern Ger date December 2010 Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date September 2006 att March 2011 The Ger Interregnum occurred in Hungary between the downfall of M ty s R kosi and the appointment of J nos K d r as General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party. On 18 July 1956, the Hungarian leader M ty s R kos was told to resign by Atanas Mikoyan, a member of the Soviet leadership who had the responsibility of overseeing Soviet relations with east European parties. R kosi in return called Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev for support, but was told to resign by Khrushchev, as it was his message that Atanas Mikoyan had relayed. Therefore, R kosi stepped down and appointed Ern Ger , his close associate since 1948 who was fully implicated in the purges, the industrialization and collectivization of Hungary and who was a former colonel in the Red Army, as his successor. This interregnum, led by Ger , lasted from 18 July 1956 to 24 October 1956, just over three months. In that period, Ger was not committed to reform, unlike the people of Hungary, but was for collectivization and the war against the intellectuals or the intelligentsia. Unlike what had happened in Poland, Ger had been changed in accordance with Soviet wishes and not in opposition to them. With bitter dislike of Ger by the intelligentsia, several demonstrations took place in the following three months. Imre Nagy , a former leader of Hungary, heightened the publics awareness of the purge trials of a century earlier, led the most powerful and fatal demonstration toward the leadership position of Ern Ger . Ger lost all of public support and resigned shortly after during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Hungarian Uprising . The central committee met and agreed that J nos K d r should be made party leader and Imre Nagy be made prime minister, marking the end of the Ger interregnum. DEFAULTSORT Gero Interregnum Category Hungarian Revolution of 1956 ... more details
History of the Ottoman Empire sidebar Timeline Timeline of Interregnum Ottoman Interregnum battles The Ottoman Interregnum also known as the Ottoman Triumvirate Fetret Devri in Turkish language Turkish began in 1402, when chaos reigned in the Ottoman Empire following the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I by the Turco Mongol warlord Timur Tamerlane . Although Mehmed elebi was confirmed as sultan by Tamerlane, his brothers refused to recognize his authority. ref Fine, John Van Antwerp, The Late Medieval Balkans , University of Michigan Press, 1994 , 499. ref Civil war was the result. The Interregnum lasted until 1413, when Mehmed elebi emerged as victor in the strife, crowned himself sultan as Mehmed I, and restored the empire. Civil war Civil war broke out among the sons of Sultan Bayezid I upon his death in 1403. His oldest son, S leyman elebi Suleyman , with his capital at Adrianople, ruled northern Greece , Bulgaria and Thrace . The second son, sa elebi , established himself as an independent ruler at Bursa, Turkey Bursa after the Timurids retired from Asia Minor. Mehmed, the youngest of the brothers, formed a kingdom at Amasya . War soon broke out between Mehmed and sa, in which Mehmed took Bursa which had been in sa s hands. S leyman crossed the straits. At first Suleyman was successful. He invaded Anatolia and captured Bursa and Ankara in 1404. Meanwhile the other surviving son of Bayezid, Prince Musa elebi M sa , who had been captured at the battle of Ankara in 1402 and later released in 1403, had been captured by the Seljuk Prince of Germiyan, through whose territories ... Interregnum br 1402&ndash 1413 width 30 align center Succeeded by br Mehmed I Category History ... Interregnum es Interregno otomano fr Interr gne ottoman hr Osmanski interegnum it Interregno ottomano he la Interregnum Ottomanicum lv Osma u bezvaldnieku laiks hu Oszm n interregnum mk nl Ottomaanse Interregnum no Det osmanske interregnum ru ... more details
Infobox film name George Grosz Interregnum image image size caption director producer Altina Carey br Charles Carey writer narrator Lotte Lenya starring music cinematography Terry Sanders editing distributor released 1960 runtime 29 minutes country United States language English budget preceded by followed by George Grosz Interregnum is a 29 minute long documentary film about the artist George Grosz produced by Altina Carey and Charles Carey , and narrated by Lotte Lenya . It was nominated for an Academy Award for Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject Best Documentary Short . ref name NY Times cite web url http movies.nytimes.com movie 151734 George Grosz Interregnum details title NY Times George Grosz Interregnum accessdate 2008 11 27 work NY Times ref The original music was by Paul Glass , and the cinematography by Terry Sanders . The film was released on video as Germany Between The Wars. References reflist External links imdb title id 0053858 title George Grosz Interregnum Category 1960 films Category American films Category English language films Category American documentary films Category Short films Category Documentary films about visual artists arts documentary film stub bio documentary film stub ... more details
The Interregnum of World Chess Champions was the period between March 24, 1946 the date of Alexander Alekhine s death and May 17, 1948 when Mikhail Botvinnik won World Chess Championship 1948 a special championship tournament . When Alekhine suddenly died in 1946, the title of World Chess Champion became vacant for the first time in its 60 year history. Since the 19th century, the title was decided by List of chess world championship matches matches between the current champion and a challenger, who by winning would become the new champion. Alekhine died holding the title, leaving no obvious method for a new player to succeed him. The situation was very confused, with many respected players and commentators offering different solutions, for example Max Euwe should be declared champion because he was the last player to win a championship match Mikhail Botvinnik should be declared champion because Alekhine had accepted a challenge from Botvinnik before his death or Euwe should play a match for the title against Botvinnik. FIDE , the international chess federation, found it very difficult to organize the early discussions on how to resolve the interregnum because problems with money and travel so soon after the end of World War II prevented many countries from sending representatives most notably the Soviet Union . The shortage of clear information resulted in otherwise responsible magazines publishing rumors and speculation, which only made the situation more confused. ref name Winter2003Interregnum FIDE s discussions mainly favored a multi round Round robin tournament all play ... winter extra interregnum.html title Interregnum author Winter, E. date 2003 2004 publisher Chess History ... the new world champion and brought the interregnum to an end. Competitions for the World Chess Championship would be held exclusively under FIDE s auspices for the next 45 years. The Interregnum was a unique ... world championships de Interregnum Schach ... more details
years. The first historic study of the interregnum, Modest von Korff s Accession of Nicholas I , was commissioned ... to the throne to the next in line, Nicholas. ref Korff, pp. 38 39, provides English translation .... ref Korff, pp. 42 43. The full text, in English, is provided in Korff, pp. 45 49. ref Alexander ... Scottish physician James Wylie . ref Lee, pp. 41, 46 47. Some English sources render Wylie s name ... Nicholas and Empress Maria in Saint Petersburg. ref Korff, pp. 66 72, provides full English translation ... Warsaw after dinner on OldStyleDateNY December 8 November 26 . ref name K66 Korff, p. 66. ref Interregnum ... with the profile of tsar Paul. It was painted in the year of the interregnum. In 1847 Nicholas commissioned historian Modest von Korff to write the first history of the interregnum and the Decembrist ..., was published in 1857 simultaneously in Russian, English, French and German languages. Korff s account, despite constraints of censorship , remains the mainstream version of the interregnum, but not the revolt ... movement and treated the interregnum as an insignificant episode in the grand picture of class struggle . ref name S01 Interregnum resurfaced as an independent research topic in the 1970s ... driving forces of the interregnum. None of these alternatives received wide support in academia. According to historian Mikhail Safonov, the interregnum was orchestrated by Empress Maria in alliance ... a poet born in 1935 who switched into history writing in 1970s ref Polukhina, p. 41. ref the interregnum ... more details
English may refer to something of, from, or related to England , a constituent country of the United Kingdom, especially The English language The English people Other Johnny English , 2003 British comedy film John English Junior Middle School , Ontario, Canada English surname , people with the family name EnglishEnglish Electric , a former British electrical engineering and aircraft manufacturer English horn , a woodwind musical instrument English Opening , a chess opening ENGLISH programming language English major , an academic curriculum involving the study of English literature or English writing at a post secondary level, a student taking this curriculum, or a student who has completed and graduated from it English, a chiefly American expression for Glossary of cue sports terms English side spin of a ball in sports The avoirdupois system of weights See also Culture of England English culture Englishness English riding English saddle English studies disambig geo http incubator.wikimedia.org wiki Wp anp af Engels dubbelsinnig ang Englisc br Saoz da Engelsk flertydig de Englisch fa fr Anglais homonymie gl Ingl s ko hi ilo English it Inglese hu Angol egy rtelm s t lap ml nl Engels doorverwijspagina ja no Engelsk andre betydninger pl English pt Ingl s sq Anglez simple English tl Ingles paglilinaw th tr English vo English ... more details
The English Army existed while England was an independent state and was at war with other states, but it was not until the Interregnum England Interregnum and the New Model Army raised by Parliament to defeat the Royalists in the English Civil War that England acquired a peace time professional standing army. At the English Restoration restoration of the monarchy Charles II kept a small standing army, formed from elements of the Royalist army in exile and elements of the New Model Army, from which the most senior regiments of the today s British Army can trace their antecedence . TOC In England, as in the majority of all the European states of the middle ages, all men were at first soldiers, all were bound to join the standards at a given moment to repel an attack or make an invasion. This primitive state of things became modified with the progress of civilization, and with the natural growth of society. The principle of the division of labour having taken root in the Anglo Saxon character, the military power separated from the civil element. It was then that troops more or less regular were formed the first paid bands had at first only a provisional existence limited by circumstances. Raised in time of war for a special object, they were always disbanded as soon as hostilities were over. The system of a permanent army does not date, in England, further back than the Interregnum England Interregnum and the reign of Charles II of England Charles II . ref name USM 566 USM, http ... Coldstream 20 20liberty 20Charles 205 2C000&f false p. 566 ref During the Interregnum 1649 1660 ..., on this narrow and solid basis that the structure of the English army was gradually erected ... of Parliament. ref USM, pp. 566,567 ref Many of the English were not fully reconciled to the need ... 1707 Act of Union in 1707 the English and Scottish Army Scottish Armies amalgamated to form the British ... institutions The English Army journal The United Service Magazine volume Part 3 number 385 Attribution ... more details
Image Aphra Behn.jpg thumb right 120px Aphra Behn was the first professional English woman playwright. During the Interregnum 1649 1660, English theatres were kept closed by the Puritan s for religious ... 1 2 . Some have hypothesized that the English Renaissance paved the way for the sudden dominance of drama in English society, arguing that the questioning mode popular during this time was best served ... burlesque and musical entertainment, the ancestors of the English music hall , flourished at the expense of legitimate English drama. By the early 19th century, few English dramas were being written .... Postmodernism had a profound effect on English drama in the latter half of the 20th Century. This can ... Avon, producing mainly but not exclusively Shakespeare s plays. See also English literature Irish theatre ... , Records of Early English Drama Category History of literature in the United Kingdom Category ... more details
. ref List of Dissenting groups Historical Dissenting groups In existence during the EnglishInterregnum ... . ref Very little is known about these English Adamites, as most information on them comes from ... Radicals in the English Revolution, in Travesties and Transgressions in Tudor and Stuart England . ISBN ... Boehme.html Boehme, Jakob . Columbia Encyclopedia ref In the 1640s, his works appeared in England and English ... . The Family of Love in English Society, 1550 1630 . p1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521020008 ... the development of the English Presbyterians, the General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches English Unitarians , and the Non subscribing Presbyterian Church of Ireland . Present day ... century denominations in England English Independents Separatists Dissenting academies Notes Reflist ... nonconform engdis index.html Early English dissenters Category English Dissenters Category Religion ... more details
King s English may refer to Received Pronunciation , a form of English language pronunciation sometimes known as the Queen s English or the King s English The King s English , a book on English language English usage and grammar, first published in 1906 disambig ... more details
North English may refer to North English, Iowa , a city in the United States. The EnglishEnglish Northern England North English dialect and accent of the English language. dab ... more details
Robert English may refer to Robert D. English , American historian Robert Henry English , American Admiral Robert English Coast , a portion of the coast of Antarctica hndis English, Robert DEFAULTSORT English, Robert ... more details
Joe English may refer to Joe English musician Joe English painter hndis English, Joe Template Longcomment added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. fr Joe English nl Joe English ... more details
Image Shakespeare.jpg right thumb William Shakespeare English literature is the literature written in the English language , including literature composed in English by writer s not necessarily from England ... Nabokov was Russian, but all are considered important writers in the history of English literature. In other words, English literature is as diverse as the varieties and dialects of English spoken around the world. In academia , the term often labels departments and programmes practising English studies in secondary and tertiary educational systems. Despite the variety of authors of English literature, the works of William Shakespeare remain paramount throughout the English speaking world. This article primarily deals with some of the literature from United Kingdom Britain written in English. For literature from specific English speaking regions, consult the See also see also section, bottom of the page. Old English Main Anglo Saxon literature The first works in English, written in Old English , appeared in the early Middle Ages the oldest surviving text is C dmon s C dmon s Hymn Hymn . The Orature oral tradition was very strong in the early Anglo Saxon England English culture and most ... English dialects of modern English. Much Old English verse in the extant manuscripts is probably a milder ... to needs of Christian readers. Middle English literature Main Middle English literature In the 12th century, a new form of English now known as Middle English evolved. This is the earliest form of English ... English lasts up until the 1470s, when the Chancery Standard , a form of London based English, became widespread and the printing press regularized the language. Middle English Bible translations , notably Wyclif s Bible , helped to establish English as a literary language. Image Geoffrey Chaucer 17th century .jpg 185px thumb left Geoffrey Chaucer There are three main categories of Middle English ... works of English literature along with Chaucer s Canterbury Tales and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ... more details
Midlands English refers to a number of distinct dialects spoken in the English Midlands The UK . It can refer to East Midlands English West Midlands EnglishEnglish dialects by continent Uncategorized date April 2011 ... more details
The English Opera may refer to The Lyceum Theatre, London , commonly known as the The English Opera or The English Opera House until the 1840s. The English National Opera , an English opera company founded by Lilian Baylis The Palace Theatre, London , originally named the Royal English Opera House was intended as a home for English Grand Opera Disambig ... more details
William English may refer to William English physician William English computer engineer computer engineer who contributed to the development of the computer mouse William E. English 1850 1926 , U.S. Representative from Indiana, son of William Hayden English William Hayden English 1822 1896 , American politician William John English VC , 1882 1941 , Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross Bill English , New Zealand politician Bill English actor , American actor William English Kirwan , chancellor of USM William English Walling , American labor reformer and socialist hndis English, William DEFAULTSORT English, William ... more details
For the English language as it is spoken in the Philippines , see Philippine English . For Tagalog language heavily mixed with English words, see Taglish . Bislish disambig ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
