Unreferenced date September 2007 commons category Engines by cylinder layout Engineconfiguration is an engineering term for the layout of the major components of a reciprocating engine reciprocating piston internal combustion engine . These components are the cylinder engine cylinder s and crankshaft ... are historic, arbitrary, or overlapping. For example, the flat engine 180 V engine is so named because the crankshaft is related to a V engine more closely than it is related to other opposed piston engine s such as the boxer. Others would consider it a flat engine because of its shape. The names W engine and rotary engine disambiguation rotary engine have each been used for several unconnected designs. The Flat 4 H 4 and Flat 6 H 6 engines produced by Subaru are not H engine s at all, but boxer engine s. Categorisation by piston motion Image Types of engines Boxer vs Inline vs V.jpg thumb 300px right Engine types include Single cylinder engine s Inline engine aviation Inline engine designs Straight engine , with all of the cylinders placed in a single row U engine , two separate straight engines with crankshafts linked by a central gear. The square four is a U engine where the two straight engines have two cylinders each. V engine , with two banks of cylinders at an angle, most commonly 60 or 90 degrees. Flat engine , two banks of cylinders directly opposite each other on either side of the crankshaft. H engine , two crankshafts. W engine . Combination of V and straight, giving 3 banks, or two V s intertwined giving 4 banks. Opposed piston engine , with multiple crankshafts, an example being Delta engine s, with three banks of cylinders and three crankshafts X engine . Radial engine Radial designs, including most Rotary engine designs. Mostly seen on pre Second World War WWII aircraft. Pistonless rotary engine s, notably Wankel engine . The standard names for some configurations ... engine 180 V engine do not in any way form a V, but it is regarded as a V engine because of its ... more details
Wiktionary configure configuration The term configuration has several meanings. In computing it may refer to Computer configuration or system configuration Configure computing is the output of Autotools and used to detect system configuration. This is referred to as . configure in Unix Configuration file is a software file used to configure the initial settings for a computer program Other usages include Electron configurationConfiguration geometry Configuration space Molecular configurationConfiguration management is a management discipline Configuration locomotive parts In Historical Behaviour Studies , configuration is a pattern of historical behaviour See also CONFIG.SYS , the primary configuration file for the MS DOS and OS 2 operating systems. Knowledge based Configuration , intelligent techniques for complex products and services. disambig de Konfiguration es Configuraci n fr Configuration lt Konfig racija nl Configuratie ja pt Configura o ru ... more details
Burgess computer scientist Mark Burgess ref M. Burgess, Cfengine a site configurationengine, USENIX ...Image ConfiurationActivityModel.png right thumb 400px Top level Configuration Management Activity model Configuration management CM is a field of management that focuses on establishing and maintaining ... quicksearch basic profile.cfm?ident number 202239 MIL HDBK 61A CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE 7 ... and assurances that are used to measure a system configuration state. For example, configuration requirements ... boundary versus one that functions as an internal local network firewall . History Configuration ... management . Many of these functions and models have redefined configuration management from its traditional holistic approach to technical management. Some treat configuration management as being ... alone discipline. However the bottomline is and always shall be Traceability. Software configuration management main Software configuration management The traditional software configuration management ... process is implemented. They are Configuration identification Configuration control Configuration status accounting Configuration audits These terms and definitions change from standard to standard, but are essentially the same. Configuration identification is the process of identifying the attributes that define every aspect of a configuration item. A configuration item is a product hardware and or software that has an end user purpose. These attributes are recorded in configuration documentation and baselined. Baseline configuration management Baselining an attribute forces formal configuration change control processes to be effected in the event that these attributes are changed. Configuration change control is a set of processes and approval stages required to change a configuration item s attributes and to re baseline them. Configuration status accounting is the ability to record and report on the configuration baselines associated with each configuration item at any moment of time ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2007 Image rutan.long EZ.g wily.arp.jpg thumb Rutan Long EZ pusher configuration home built aircraft . An aircraft constructed with a pusher configuration has the engine s mounted ... effects of a single engine failing. Large multi engine aircraft with this configuration, such as the Short ... 3,800 hp Pratt & Whitney Wasp Major radial engine s in a pusher configuration, augmented in the B 36D by four General Electric J47 Jet engine turbojet s. The Saab 21 was also initially built as a pusher ... airflow around an air cooled engine in the tractor configuration, but does not provide this same benefit to an engine mounted in the pusher configuration. Some aviation engines experience cooling ..., with one or two booms supporting the tail. The engine and propeller can also be mounted on the wing ... cite book title Pusher Aces of World War 1 pages 6 7 ref Single engine pushers usually had the engine ... adoption of interrupter gears in 1916 17, the tractor configuration became universally favoured, especially .... Most pusher aircraft were, like the Supermarine Walrus , seaplane s with a single engine. The push pull configuration , combining the tractor and pusher configuration that is with one or more propellers ... of modern light aircraft with a pusher configuration. There is a revival of pusher configurations ... in flight than with a tractor configuration. This has the potential to make an aircraft more maneuverable ... s view both forward and downwards is improved because the engine and propeller do not block forward ... more practical. Consequently, this configuration was widely used for early combat aircraft ... control at low speed, particularly during takeoff when the engine is at full power. This can be beneficial ... that must be avoided while the airplane is moving slowly. The engine is mounted behind the crew and passenger ..., and any engine fire will be directed behind the aircraft however, this arrangement puts the empennage .... The cockpit is generally quieter in a pusher aircraft because both the engine and propeller are behind ... more details
unreferenced date December 2007 image aerotechnik.ev97a.eurostar.g ccmp.arp.jpg thumb right Evektor Aerotechnik Aerotechnik EV97A Eurostar , a tractor configuration aircraft, being pulled into position by its pilot for refuelling. Image TrislanderImage comp.jpg thumb right A Trislander aircraft with a 3rd tractor engine on the tail at Guernsey Airport , Channel Islands. An aircraft constructed with a tractor configuration has the engine mounted with the Propeller aircraft propeller facing forward, so that the aircraft is pulled through the air, as opposed to the pusher configuration , in which the propeller faces backward and pushes the aircraft through the air. In the early years of powered aviation both tractor and pusher designs were common. However, by the mid point of the World War I First World War , interest in pushers declined and the tractor configuration dominated. Today, propeller driven aircraft are assumed to be tractors unless it is stated otherwise. From a military perspective, the problem with single engine tractor aircraft was that it was not originally possible to fire a gun through the propeller arc without striking the propeller blades with bullets. Early solutions included mounting guns rifle s or machine gun s to fire around the propeller arc, either at an angle to the side &mdash which made aiming difficult &mdash or on the top wing of a biplane so that the bullets passed over the top of the propeller. The first system to fire through the propeller was developed by French engineer Eugene Gilbert for Morane Saulnier and involved fitting metal deflector wedges to the propeller blades of a Morane Saulnier L monoplane . It was employed with immediate success by French aviator Roland Garros aviator Roland Garros and was also used on at least one Sopwith Tabloid of the Royal Naval Air Service . The final solution was the interrupter gear , also known as synchronization gear , developed by Fokker and fitted to the Fokker E.I monoplane in 1915 in avia ... more details
The term configuration item or CI refers to the fundamental structural unit of a configuration management .... The Configuration management system oversees the life of the CIs through a combination of process ... related to lack of testing as well as incompatibilities with other CIs. Role in configuration management The term configuration item can be applied to anything designated for the application of the elements of configuration management and treated as a single entity in the configuration management ... configuration items. From the perspective of the implementer of a change request change , the CI is the what of the change. Altering a specific baseline configuration management baseline version of a configuration item creates a new version of the same configuration item, itself a baseline. In examining the effect of a change, two of the questions that must be asked are What configuration items are affected? How have the configuration items been affected? Its use within a product can be traced in a robust .... A Software release release itself a versioned entity may consist of several configuration items. The set of changes to each configuration item will appear in the release notes , and the notes may contain specific headings for each configuration item. A complex hardware configuration item may have many levels of configuration items beneath its top level each configuration item level must meet the same fundamental elements of the configuration management system. In addition to its purpose in the implementation and management of a change, each configuration item s listing and definition ... of implementation can agree to a common definition when they use the name of the configuration item. Selection and identification of configuration items for a particular project can be seen as the first .... Configuration items, their versions, and their changes form the basis of any configuration audit . References http www.cmcommunity.com Configuration Management Community http cs.wwc.edu aabyan 435 Configuration.html ... more details
Merge to Empennage date November 2010 This article summarizes the tail configuration s of fixed wing aircraft . Position of horizontal stabilizers Cruciform tail The horizontal stabilizer s are placed midway up the vertical stabilizer, giving the appearance of a cross when viewed from the front, hence the name. Cruciform tails are often used to keep the horizontal stabilizers out of the engine wake, while avoiding many of the disadvantages of a T tail . An example of this is the Douglas A 4 Skyhawk . Pelikan tail Pelikan tail, named after Ralph Pelikan , has not yet been used on any aircraft. A Pelikan tail uses two control surfaces. It has the advantages of greater Yaw, pitch, and roll pitch control and a smaller radar signature. T tail This design incorporates the horizontal stabilizers on top of the vertical stabilizers, creating a T design when viewed from the front, hence the name. T tails keep the stabilizers out of the engine wake, and give better pitch control. T tails have a good glide ratio , and are more efficient on low speed aircraft. However, T tails are more likely to enter a Stall flight Deep stall deep stall , and is more difficult to recover from a spin. T tails must be stronger, and therefore heavier than conventional tails. T tails also have a larger radar cross section . An example of this is the McDonnell Douglas DC 9 . V tail V tails are named after their shape from the front, appearing as a large V . V tails are lighter than conventional tails, and produce less drag. V tails often have smaller radar signatures too. One example is the Northrop Grumman RQ 4 Global Hawk . align center style text align center Image Tail cruciform.svg 192px alt br Cruciform tail Image Tail pelikan.svg 192px alt br Pelikan tail Image Tail T.svg 192px alt br T tail Image Tail V.svg 192px alt br V tail Vertical stabilizers Twin boom A twin boom has two fuselages or booms ... See also Wing configuration DEFAULTSORT Tail Configuration Category Aircraft configurations ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Auto configuration is the automatic computer configurationconfiguration of devices without manual intervention, without any need for software configuration programs or jumper computing jumper s. Ideally, auto configuring devices should just plug and play . Autoconfiguration has been made common because of the low cost of microprocessor s and other embedded controller devices. Configurations may be stored in NVRAM , loaded by a host processor, or negotiated at system initialization time. In some cases, hot swap hot pluggable devices may be able to renegotiate their configuration. Example of auto configuring devices Universal Serial Bus USB Example of auto configuring devices and protocols Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Zeroconf See also Universal Plug and Play FPGA AutoConfig Amiga DEFAULTSORT Auto Configuration Category Computer peripherals Category Computer configuration ru tr Otomatik yap land rma ... more details
In information systems communications or computer system s, a configuration is an arrangement of functional unit s according to their nature, number, and chief characteristics. Often, configuration pertains to the choice of hardware, software, firmware, and documentation. The configuration affects system function and performance. See also Autoconfiguration Configuration file In software, a data resource used for program initialization Configuration management In multiple disciplines, a practice for managing change configure script computing References Federal Standard 1037C External links http alumnit.ca wiki index.php?page UniConf UniConf Category Computer configuration computer stub de Konfiguration Computer fa fr Configuration informatique it Configurazione lt Konfig racija informatika ms Tatarajah komputer ru ... more details
The configuration of a molecule is the permanent geometry that results from the space spatial arrangement of its chemical bond bonds . The ability of the same set of atoms to form two or more molecules with different configurations is stereoisomerism . Configuration is distinct from chemical conformation , a shape attainable by bond rotation s. See also Chemical conformation Absolute configuration External links http www.iupac.org goldbook C01249.pdf The IUPAC definition of configuration chem stub Category Molecules Category Stereochemistry de Konfiguration Chemie he nl Configuratie scheikunde ru sv Konfiguration ... more details
A System Configuration SC in systems engineering defines the computers, processes, and devices that compose the system and its boundary. More general the system configuration is the specific definition ... Configuration can be used to relate to a model declarative for abstract generalized systems. In this sense the usage of the configuration information is not tailored to any specific usage, but stands alone as a data set. Sample Configuration The following is a basic SC XML System Configuration code system configuration site name MyHouse hosts host ref name host1 hosts site group name mysql gid ... setup component component name mysql db component system configuration code Description This provides ... parameters. Notice that the configuration schema requires no XML tags that are Microsoft Windows Windows ... the data is to be used. This is the hallmark for a good System Configuration model. Further Extensions ... thought out to prevent breaking the idea of the System Configuration. Usage The usage for the model ... & Operations . Documentation One use of the configuration is to simply record what a system is . This documentation ... to distinguish between configuration data and descriptive data. Of course comments can be applied ..., the system configuration is not a place to record historical changes, or descriptions of design and intent for the various elements. The configuration data is simply to be what it is or what ... a configuration data set and acting on that data to realize the configure the system accordingly. This may simply be a validation of what s there to confirm that the configuration is in effect. Examples include a Perl library launched from the command line to read the configuration and begin launching ... system applications to use to access the configuration data, and perform deployment like actions. Operations When the system is in operation, there may be uses for the configuration data by specific kinds of services in the system. For example, a SecurityManager may access the configuration ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Wikify date December 2009 Clean configuration refers to the flight configuration of an fixed wing aircraft airplane when its external equipment is retracted to minimize drag and thus maximize speed for a given power setting. Applied For most airplanes, clean configuration means simply that the wing flaps and landing gear are retracted as these are the cause of drag due to the lack of streamlined shape. On more complex airplanes, it also means that other devices on the wings such as slats, spoilers, and leading edge flaps are retracted. Clean configuration is used for normal cruising at altitude during which lift or rise in altitude is temporarily not needed. During take off and landing, when slower speeds are needed. Related terms Dirty configuration, an airplane will be in dirty configuration with landing gear, flaps, and other devices extended. This creates drag, but the trade off is that the flaps and similar devices change the shape of the wing and produce more lift than would otherwise be generated at the lower airspeed. DEFAULTSORT Clean Configuration Category Aviation terminology Aviation term stub ... more details
Configuration design is a kind of design where a fixed set of predefined components that can be interfaced connected in predefined ways is given, and an assembly i.e. designed artifact of components selected from this fixed set is sought that satisfies a set of requirements and obeys a set of constraints. The associated design configuration problem consists of the following three constituent tasks Selection of components, Allocation of components, and Interfacing of components design of ways the components interface connect with each other . Types of knowledge involved in configuration design include Problem specific knowledge Input knowledge Requirements Constraints Technology Case knowledge Persistent knowledge knowledge that remains valid over multiple problem solving sessions Case knowledge Domain specific, method independent knowledge Method specific domain knowledge Search control knowledge References Mittal, S. and Frayman, F. 1989 , Towards a generic model of configuration tasks , Proceedings of the 11th IJCAI, San Mateo, CA, USA, Morgan Kaufmann, pages 1395 1401. Bob Wielinga B. Wielinga and G. Schreiber 1997 , Configuration Design Problem Solving , IEEE Intelligent Systems, Vol. 12, pages 49 56. Levin, M. Sh. 2009 , Combinatorial optimization in system configuration design , Autom. Remote Control, Vol. 70 Num. 3, Plenum Press, New York, NY, USA, pages 519 561. Category Design ... more details
Image R S configuration.png 300px right Absolute configuration An absolute configuration in stereochemistry is the spatial arrangement of the atom s of a chirality chemistry chiral molecular entity or group and its stereochemical description e.g. R or S . ref GoldBookRef title absolute configuration url http goldbook.iupac.org A00020.html ref Absolute configurations for a chiral molecule in pure form are most often obtained by X ray crystallography . All enantiomerically pure chiral molecules crystallise in one of the 65 Sohncke Group s Chiral Space Groups . Alternative techniques are Optical rotatory dispersion , Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy of stereoisomers vibrational circular dichroism and the use of chiral shift reagent s in proton NMR . When the absolute configuration is obtained the assignment of R or S is based on the Cahn Ingold Prelog priority rule s. Absolute configurations are also relevant to characterization of crystal s. Until 1951 it was not possible to obtain the absolute configuration of chiral compounds ref Organic Chemistry 4th Edition Paula Y. Bruice ref . It was at some time decided that glyceraldehyde was the R enantiomer. The configuration of other chiral compounds was then related to that of glyceraldehyde by sequences of chemical reaction s. For example glyceraldehyde 1 was related to glyceric acid 2 oxidation by mercury oxide which in turn was related to isoserine 3 nitric acid oxidation and bromide 4 and lactic acid 5 zinc reduction . Because the chemical ... of relationships in absolute configuration In 1951 Johannes Martin Bijvoet Bijvoet for the first time ... referred to as resonant scattering to determine absolute configuration ref Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Optically Active Compounds by Means of X Rays Nature 168, 271 272 J. M. BIJVOET ... rubidium tartrate and from its configuration R,R it was deduced that the original guess for glyceraldehyde was correct. See also Molecular configuration References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Absolute Configuration ... more details
Configuration graphs are a theoretical tool used in computational complexity theory to prove a relation between Graph mathematics graph reachability and Computational complexity theory Complexity classes complexity classes . Definition A theoretical computational model, like Turing machine or finite automata , explains how to do a computation. The model explains both what is an initial configuration of the machine and which steps can be taken to continue the computation, until we eventually stop. A configuration , also called an Instantaneous Description ID is a finite representation of the machine at a given time. For example, for a finite automata and a given input, the configuration will be the current state and the number of read letters, for a Turing machine it will be the state, the content of the tape and the position of the head. A configuration graph is a directed labeled graph where the label of the vertices are the possible configurations of the models and where there is an edge from one configuration to another if it correspond to a computational step of the model. The initial and accepting configuration s of the machine are special vertices of the configuration graph. The computation accepts if and only if there is a path from an initial vertex to an accepting vertex. Useful property If the computation is deterministic then from any configuration there is at most one possible step, so the graph is of out degree 1, and there is exactly one initial state. Once we add a dummy initial vertex with an edge to every initial vertex and a dummy accepting vertex with an edge .... It is also possible to have finite graphs on finite automata , the configuration is composed of the position of the head and the current state, so the configuration graph is of size math O n math . Use ... in space which is logarithmic in the size of the input, and since the configuration of the Turing ... problem for a deterministic model whose configuration are of space which is logarithmic in the size ... more details
cleanup date July 2010 The GlobalPlatform UICC configuration is a configuration of the GlobalPlatform Card specification v2.2 to standardized a minimum interoperability for SIM USIM Subscriber Identity Module products for supporting remote application management via OTA. The GlobalPlatform UICC Configuration outlines a common and neutral environment to facilitate the secure delivery and management over the air OTA of new and creative mobile services to consumers. GlobalPlatform Card specification V2.2 http www.globalplatform.org specificationscard.asp has been published in March 2006. It provides dynamic post issuance card management, including dynamic addition & modification of applications.This specification defines card components, command sets, transaction sequences and interfaces. The specification is completely neutral in relation to hardware, operating system, vendor and application, making it applicable to any type of application and industry. It provides dynamic post issuance card management, including dynamic addition & modification of applications. A key feature of the UICC Configuration is its flexibility, which enables the issuer to select the services to be offered to third ... models in various ecosystems. Providing both security of Mobile operator and financial sector, this configuration ... managers. Content of this standard Three types of Security Domains exist for this configuration ... s UICC Configuration. This cross market contribution has been vital in achieving the security ... configuration requirements for implementing GlobalPlatform Specifications on the UICC platform ... such as credit and debit contactless or mobile TV applications, a UICC should support the UICC configuration. Further information on NFC is available at Near Field Communication Deployment UICC configuration ... www.payezmobile.com AEPM will rely on the UICC configuration StoLPaN http www.stolpan.com StoLPaN The StoLPaN ... the usage of GlobalPlatform infrastructure for StoLPaN service deployment Access UICC configuration ... more details
The Configuration Workgroup e.V. CWG is an international user group of SAP AG SAP customers and partners, focused on the topic of configurable products or mass customization as implemented in various SAP solutions. The CWG is a not for profit organization registered in Germany. The CWG is a growing organization of about 3,000 members out of about 750 member companies as of June 2010. CWG hosts a forum for discussions, presentations, and most importantly, experts sharing knowledge. Semi annual conferences are held in Europe and North America. Recent conferences The http www.configuration workgroup.com node 294 2009 European Configuration Workgroup Conference was held April 20 22, 2009 in Berlin, Germany. The http www.configuration workgroup.com node 391 2009 North American CWG Conference was held October 5 7, 2009 in Marco Island, FL, USA. The 2010 European Configuration Workgroup Conference was held April 19 21, 2010 in Vienna, Austria. The http www.configuration workgroup.com future events 2010 North American CWG Conference will be held October 3 6, 2010 in Marco Island, FL, USA. External links http www.configuration workgroup.com CWG Web Site http www.asug.com ASUGtheConfigurationWorkGroupCWG tabid 363 Default.aspx Relationship to ASUG, Americas SAP Users Group Category User groups de Configuration Workgroup ... more details
projective geometry , a configuration in the plane consists of a finite set of points, and a finite ... hypergraph s and regular bipartite graph s. Notation A configuration in the plane is denoted by p .... The notation p sub sub sub sub does not determine a projective configuration up to incidence ... 9 sub 3 sub configurations the Pappus configuration and two less notable configurations. For some ... configuration.svg 240px thumb left A 10 sub 3 sub configuration that is not incidence isomorphic to a Desargues configuration Notable projective configurations include the following 1 sub 1 sub , the simplest possible configuration, consisting of a point incident to a line. 3 sub 2 sub , the triangle ... of n sides forms a configuration of type n sub 2 sub 4 sub 3 sub 6 sub 2 sub and 6 sub 2 sub 4 ... plane . This configuration exists as an abstract incidence geometry , but cannot be constructed in the Euclidean plane . 8 sub 3 sub , the M bius Kantor configuration . This configuration describes two ... number s. 9 sub 3 sub , the Pappus configuration . 9 sub 4 sub 12 sub 3 sub , the configuration ... by pairs of these points. This configuration shares with the Fano plane the property that it contains ... coordinates harv Kelly 1986 . 10 sub 3 sub , the Desargues theorem Desargues configuration . 15 sub 3 sub , the Cremona Richmond configuration . 12 sub 4 sub 16 sub 3 sub , the Reye configuration . Duality of configurations The projective dual to a configuration p sub &gamma sub l sub &pi sub is a configuration l sub &pi sub p sub &gamma sub . Thus, types of configurations come in dual pairs, except when p l and the configuration type is self dual. The number of n sub 3 sub configurations ... n sub 3 sub configuration. Gropp also points out a long lasting error in this sequence an 1895 ... configuration was not discovered until 1988. Higher dimensions File Double six.svg thumb The Schl fli double six . The concept of a configuration may be generalized to higher dimensions, for instance ... more details
types around distinctive strategies. Three basic types of organizational configuration models ... Solution,p.52 ref The centralized hub allegorizes the third basic type of the organizational configuration ... s centralized hub configuration, it is often difficult to respond appropriately to diverse worldwide ..., particularly those from United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and France, developed the configuration ... Of the three organizational configuration models, some people argue that the coordinated federation ... technology is shared with the sub company. Moreover, the engine of the fastest and most powerful production vehicle on earth, Bugatti Veyron, shares many components with Volkswagen s modular engine family ... operating structure is centralized configuration. On the other hand, decentralized federation companies ... reflist Aspects of organizations DEFAULTSORT Organizational Configuration Category Management ... more details
In dentistry, the configuration factor also known as c factor refers to the number of bonded to unbonded surfaces in a tooth preparation. For instance, in an Occlusion dentistry occlusal class I preparation there would be 5 bonded surfaces and only 1 unbonded surface. The net result would be a C factor of 5. As the C factor increases so to does the possibility of bond disruption when using a composite resin. This effect is caused by a reduction in unbonded surfaces in which the composite can flow to relieve polymerization stress. The technique of incremental layering has been suggested to compensate for preparations with high configuration factors. Citation last1 Roberson first1 Theodore last2 Haymann first2 Harold last3 Swift first3 Edward title Sturdevant s Art and science of Operative Dentistry publisher Mosby place St. Louis, Missouri year 2002 . Category Dentistry dentistry stub es Factor de configuraci n ... more details
In geometry, a face configuration is notational description of a face transitive polyhedron . It represents a sequential count of the number of faces that exist at each vertex geometry vertex around a face geometry face . There is no single standard accepted representation, but one common notation prefixes the description with a V and separates the vertices by a period . or a comma , . Image Rhombic dodecahedron v3434.png thumb The rhombic dodecahedron alternates three faces per vertex and four faces per vertex BR V3.4.3.4 For example, V3.4.3.4 represents the rhombic dodecahedron which is face transitive every face is a rhombus , and alternating vertices of the rhombus contain 3 or 4 faces each. Another form of this notation, used in Tilings and Patterns , has brackets around the symbol, for instance 3.4.3.4 . Face transitive polyhedra are generally the Dual polyhedron polyhedral dual s of the vertex transitive polyhedra, which are described by a parallel vertex configuration notation. That notation omits the V prefix and represents sequentially the number of edges of the faces around a vertex. For example, 3.4.3.4 is the cuboctahedron with alternating triangle triangular and square geometry square faces around each vertex. Polyhedra have the same representation in face configuration notation with the addition of the V that their duals have in vertex configuration notation. The rhombic dodecahedron V3.4.3.4 and the cubocahedron 3.4.3.4 above are dual polyhedra. See also Platonic solid s five regular polyhedron regular polyhedra that are either self dual or whose dual is another Platonic solid. Catalan solid s thirteen polyhedra that are dual to the Archimedean solid s Bipyramid s an infinite set of duals of Prism geometry prism s Trapezohedron s an infinite set of duals of antiprism s List of uniform planar tilings References The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure book Branko Gr nbaum and G. C. Shephard Tilings and Patterns . New York W. H. Freeman & Co., 1987 ... more details
Image Mobius configuration.png thumb right 225px Example of M bius configuration the face planes of red tetrahedron are shown on the top of the image the blue one on the bottom. The vertex coordinates of the red tetrahedron are math 0,0,0 , 0,0,1 , 0,1,0 , 1,0,0 math . The vertex coordinates of the blue tetrahedron are math 0, gamma, gamma , math math gamma, 0, gamma , math math gamma, gamma, 0 , math math lambda, lambda, lambda math , where math gamma frac 1 sqrt 2 math and math lambda frac 1 3 math . In geometry , the M bius configuration is a certain Configuration geometry configuration in Euclidean ... from the other tetrahedron that lies on it . The configuration is named after August Ferdinand M bius ... corresponding face, forming a configuration of this type. This theorem is true more generally ... the same vertex. harvtxt Coxeter 1950 describes a simple construction for the configuration. Beginning ... configuration. Hilbert and Cohn Vossen 1952 state without references that there are five configurations ... and, of these, the M bius configuration corresponds to the conjugacy class e. It could be denoted ... that the only math 8 4 math that is a geometrical theorem is the M bius configuration. However ... math 8 4 math that are actually theorems the M bius configuration and one other. The latter which corresponds ... Matroid duality . In abstract terms, the latter configuration has points 0,...,7 and planes 0125 i, i 0,...,7 , where these integers are modulo eight. This configuration, like M bius, can also be represented ... reason and because pairs of planes are degenerate quadratic surfaces , the M bius configuration is on more quadratic surfaces of three dimensional space than the latter configuration. The Levi graph of the M bius configuration has 16 vertices, one for each point or plane of the configuration ... Q sub 4 sub . A closely related configuration, the M bius Kantor graph M bius Kantor configuration ... von Punkten und Ebenen volume 3 1 1 A B 5a year 1910 . DEFAULTSORT Mobius Configuration Category ... more details
s. This vertex configuration defines the vertex uniform icosidodecahedron polyhedron. Vertex figures A vertex configuration can also be represented graphically as vertex figure showing the faces around ... represent the vertex configuration. See image category http commons.wikimedia.org wiki Category Polyhedra ... applies to polygon tiles as well as polyhedra. A planar vertex configuration can imply a uniform tiling just like a nonplanar vertex configuration can imply a uniform polyhedron. The notation ... form which are identical across mirror images. Both have a 3.3.3.3.4 vertex configuration ..., the nonconvex regular polyhedron small stellated dodecahedron has a vertex configuration of Schl fli symbol of SUP 5 SUP SUB 2 SUB ,5 which expands to an explicit vertex configuration as SUP 5 ... can be enumerated by looking at their vertex configuration and the Defect geometry angle defect ... vertex configuration potentially uniquely defines a semiregular polyhedron. However not all ... 3.3.3.3.3.3 Face Configuration for duals The dual polyhedron are can also be listed by this notation, but prefixed by a V . See face configuration . The faces of semiregular polyhedral duals are not regular ... can tell a face configuration of V3.4.3.4 represents a rhombus face since every edge is a V3 V4 type ... of Wenninger polyhedron models List of Uniform Polyhedra List of uniform planar tilings Face configuration ... more details
Electronic structure methods Configuration interaction CI is a post Hartree&ndash Fock linear variational method for solving the nonrelativistic Schr dinger equation within the Born&ndash Oppenheimer approximation for a Quantum chemistry quantum chemical multi electron system. Two meanings are connected to the term configuration interaction in this context. Mathematically, configuration simply describes the linear combination of Slater determinant s used for the wave function. In terms of a specification of orbital occupation for instance, 1s sup 2 sup 2s sup 2 sup 2p sup 1 sup ... , interaction means the mixing interaction of different electronic configurations states . Due to the long CPU time and immense hardware required for CI calculations, the method is limited to relatively small systems. In contrast to the Hartree&ndash Fock method, in order to account for electron correlation , CI uses a variational wave function that is a linear combination of configuration state function s CSFs built from spin orbitals denoted by the superscript SO , math Psi sum I 0 c I Phi I SO c 0 Phi 0 SO c 1 Phi 1 SO ... math where is usually the electronic ground state of the system. If the expansion includes all possible Configuration state function CSF s of the appropriate symmetry, then this is a full configuration interaction procedure which exactly solves the electronic Schr dinger equation ... from which all singly, doubly, ... excited determinants are included multireference configuration ... also Electron correlation Multireference configuration interaction MRCI Multi configurational self consistent field MCSCF Post Hartree&ndash Fock Quadratic configuration interaction QCI Quantum chemistry ... III contribution The Configuration Interaction Method Advances in Highly Correlated Approaches ... 8 External Resources http student.ccbcmd.edu bhoffm30 instructional ci ci.html Configuration Interaction ... structure methods de Configuration Interaction es Interacci n de configuraciones fr Interaction de configuration ... more details
and quantum chemistry , electron configuration is the arrangement of electron s of an atom , a molecule , or other physical structure. ref name IUPAC1 GoldBookRef file C01248 title configuration electronic ... with each electron configuration and, upon certain conditions, electrons are able to move ... . Knowledge of the electron configuration of different atoms is useful in understanding the structure ... and semiconductors . Shells and subshells see also Electron shell Image Electron Configuration Table.jpg right thumb 230px Electron configuration table Electron configuration was first conceived ... of the first shell, so its configuration is written 1s sup 1 sup . Lithium has two electrons in the 1s subshell and one in the higher energy 2s subshell, so its configuration is written 1s sup 2 sup ... of a third shell. Thus, the electron configuration of neon is pulled out, and phosphorus is written ..., while other sources as here follow the order given by Electron configuration Aufbau principle Madelung s rule . Hence the electron configuration of iron can be written as Ar 3d sup 6 sup 4s sup 2 sup keeping the 3d electrons with the 3s and 3p electrons which are implied by the configuration ..., see below . The superscript 1 for a singly occupied orbital is not compulsory. ref The full form of the configuration ... is that of its orbital. The energy of a configuration is often approximated as the sum of the energy of each electron, neglecting the electron electron interactions. The configuration that corresponds to the lowest electronic energy is called the stationary state ground state . Any other configuration is an excited state . As an example, the ground state configuration of the sodium atom is 1s ... 2s sup 2 sup 2p sup 6 sup 3p configuration, abbreviated as the 3p level. Atoms can move from one configuration ... 1s sup 2 sup 2s sup 2 sup 2p sup 5 sup 3s sup 2 sup configuration. The remainder of this article deals only with the ground state configuration, often referred to as the configuration of an atom ... more details
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