An energycrop is a plant grown as a low cost and low maintenance harvest used to make biofuel s, or combusted for its energy content to generate electricity or heat. Energy crops are generally categorized as woody or herbaceous grassy . Commercial energy crops are typically densely planted, high yielding crop species where the energy crops will be burnt to generate power. Woody crops such as Salix ... Portal Energy Agricultural byproduct Algal fuel Anaerobic digestion Biogas Biotech crop Cellulosic ... Energy Farming bioenergy DEFAULTSORT EnergyCrop Category Anaerobic digestion Category Energy crops ... and require less water. However, high energy yield can be realized with existing cultivars. Types of energy crops By destination Solid Biomass Note The terms biofuel, biomass, and so on, are often used interchangeably. Energy generated by burning plants grown for the purpose, often after the dry matter is pelletized. Energy crops are used for firing power plants, either alone or co fired with other ... biomass Methane Anaerobic digesters or biogas plants can be directly supplemented with energy crops ... of Renewable Energy Crops on nearly 500,000 ha land 2006 . Energy crops can also be grown to boost gas yields where feedstocks have a low energy content, such as manures and spoiled grain. It is estimated that the energy yield presently of bioenergy crops converted via silage to methane is about ... to grow and convert energy crops and sustain the entire farms energy requirements with about 1 5 the acreage ... crop farming and bioenergy production via silage methane have been almost entirely overlooked ... energy production has overshadowed positive developments. Liquid biomass Biodiesel European production of biodiesel from energy crops has grown steadily in the last decade, principally focused on rapeseed used for oil and energy. Production of oil biodiesel from rape covers more than 12,000  km ... L km or more, making biodiesel crops economically attractive, provided sustainable crop ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Otheruses File New World Domesticated plants.JPG thumb right 280px Domesticated plants File Drying Crop in rural Punjabi home.JPG thumb right 280px Crops drying in a home in Punjab, India . A crop is a non animal species or variety botany variety that is grown to be harvest ed as food , livestock fodder , biofuel fuel or for any other economic purpose. Major world crops include maize corn , wheat , rice , soybean s, hay , potato es and cotton . While the term crop most commonly refers to plant s, it can also include species from other kingdom biology biological kingdoms . For example, mushroom s like shiitake , which are in the fungi kingdom, can be referred to as crops. In addition, certain species of algae are also cultivated , although it is also harvested from the wild. In contrast, animal species that are raised by human s are called livestock, except those that are kept as pet s. Microbial species, such as bacteria or virus es, are referred to as microbiological culture cultures . Microbes are not typically grown for food, but are rather used to alter food. For example, bacteria is used to fermentation food ferment milk to produce yogurt . See also Agriculture Break crop Bumper crop Cash crop Catch crop Cover crop Crop diversity Crop residue Crop rotation Crop weed Crop wild relative Crop lien system Energy crop Fiber crop Industrial crop Intercropping Multiple cropping Nurse crop Permanent crop Protein crop Sharecropping Underutilized crop Farming Category Crops Agri stub bg cs U itkov rostliny de Feldfrucht fr Moisson agriculture id Tanaman lt Kult riniai augalai ms Tanaman ja ko nl Gewas pl Plon ru simple Crop sk Plodina fi Viljelykasvi sv Gr da ta te th uk vi C y tr ng yi zh ... more details
Infobox Film name The Crop writer George Elliot Australian actor George Elliot starring George Elliot Australian actor George Elliot , br Holly Brisley , br Rhys Muldoon director Scott Patterson film director Scott Patterson producer distributor Miracle released 2004 runtime 103 minutes country FilmAustralia language English music awards budget The Crop is a 2004 Australian comedy film set during the 1980 s. Plot The Crop, set in the early 80s in Australia, is about larrikin nightclub owner, Ronnie Blade Gillette, and his barmaid girlfriend Geraldine. Two months after random breath testing has been introduced, Blade realises he s going broke. Afraid of driving under the influence, his customers are not buying his grog they re going out to the carpark to smoke dope. Like any good businessman, Blade decides he needs a strategy. He decides to grow some dope as a way out of his financial hole. Cast George Elliot Australian actor George Elliot Holly Brisley Rhys Muldoon Rudi Baker Tony Barry Kelly Butler Sam O Dell Rob Steele Vincent Stone Tahnee Stroet Bruce Venables John Howard Australian actor John Howard Box Office The Crop grossed 208,739 at the box office in Australia. ref http film.vic.gov.au resources documents AA4 Aust Box office report.pdf Film Victoria Australian Films at the Australian Box Office ref See also Cinema of Australia References Reflist External links imdb title 0416666 http colsearch.nfsa.afc.gov.au nfsa search display display.w3p adv yes group groupequals holdingType page 0 parentid query 602683 querytype rec 0 resCount 10 The Crop at the National Film and Sound Archive DEFAULTSORT Crop, The Category 2000s comedy films Category 2004 films Category Australian comedy films Category Australian films Category English language films Category Cannabis related films Australia film stub 2000s comedy film stub ... more details
A standing crop is the quantity or total weight or energy content of the organism s which are in a particular location at a particular time. The standing crop is the total dry weight of all organisms. See also Biomass ecology External links http www.treesearch.fs.fed.us pubs 8730 Models that predict standing crop of stream fish from habitat variables 1950 85 Category Habitats Category Organisms Category Ecological metrics ecology stub ... more details
Crop mark may refer to in printing , marks placed at the corners of a form to indicate where the page is to be trimmed Cropmark s, in archaeology differential growth indicating buried sites Crop circle s disambig ... more details
differentiate an under utilized crop from a merely little utilized crop is not immediately apparent ... University http www.hort.purdue.edu newcrop default.html NewCROP the New Crop Resource Online Program Category Sustainability Category Crops de Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species es Cultivos ... more details
Agriculture Cover crops are crop s planted primarily to manage fertility soil soil fertility , soil quality ... qualities of neighboring natural ecosystems. Farmers choose to grow and manage specific cover crop ... is often the most limiting nutrient in crop production. Often, green manure crops are grown for a specific ... provide the required quantity of nitrogen for crop production. In conventional farming, this nitrogen ... nitrogen fixation . Prior to the advent of the Haber Bosch process , an energy intensive method developed ... production due to its reliance on fossil fuel energy and the environmental impacts associated ... through biological nitrogen fixation, types of cover crops known as catch crop s are used to retain ... of the previous crop, preventing it from being lost through Leaching agriculture leaching ... efficiently from the soil Ditsch and Alley 1991 . The nitrogen tied up in catch crop biomass is released back into the soil once the catch crop is incorporated as a green manure or otherwise begins to decompose. An example of green manure use comes from Nigeria, where the cover crop Mucuna pruriens ... by increasing soil organic matter levels through the input of cover crop biomass over time. Increased .... Dense cover crop stands physically slow down the velocity of rainfall before it contacts ..., vast cover crop root networks help anchor the soil in place and increase soil porosity, creating ... Dabney et al. 2001 . Cover crop biomass acts as a physical barrier between rainfall and the soil surface ..., cover crop root growth results in the formation of soil pores, which in addition to enhancing soil ... a large amount of moisture. When the cover crop is incorporated into the soil, or left on the soil surface, it often increases soil moisture. In agroecosystems where water for crop production ..., particularly if climatic growing conditions are good. In these cases, just before crop planting, farmers often face a tradeoff between the benefits of increased cover crop growth and the drawbacks of reduced ... more details
orphan date August 2010 Crop oil or crop oil concentrates are petroleum based additives that are used as adjuvants to increase the efficacy of pesticide s in agriculture agricultural applications. ref cite web title Herbicides and additives Crop Oil publisher Auckland Regional Council url http www.arc.govt.nz environment biosecurity pest plants herbicides crop oil.cfm accessdate 10 June 2010 ref References reflist Category Pesticides agriculture stub ... more details
wiktionary cropCrop may refer to Crop , a plant grown and harvested for agricultural use Crop anatomy , part of the alimentary tract of some animals Crop implement , a modified whip used in horseback riding or disciplining humans as punishment or in BDSM Cropping punishment , the removal of a person s ears as a punishment Docking animal , also called cropping, the removal of body parts, usually tail or ears, from an animal Cropping image , to give an image another aspect ratio, or to otherwise remove portions of an image Scrapbooking , also called cropping, the creation of cards and or scrap books in unique and creative ways as a hobby Crop factor , a multiplier factor in digital photography imaging, compared to 35mm film camera focal length, see APS C Crop hairstyle , a woman s short hairstyle The acronym CROP may stand for Clube Recreativo Os Poseiros, a Portuguese recreational club Council of Regional Organisations in the Pacific Common Relevant Operational Picture disambig fr CROP it Crop ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In agriculture , a nurse crop is an annual plant annual crop used to assist in establishment of a perennial plant perennial crop. The widest use of nurse crops is in the establishment of legume legumaceous plants such as alfalfa , clover , and Lotus genus trefoil . Occasionally nurse crops are used for establishment of perennial grasses. Nurse crops reduce the incidence of weeds, prevent erosion, and prevent excessive sunlight from reaching tender seedlings. Often the nurse crop can be harvested for grain, straw, hay, or pasture. Oat s are the most common nurse crop, though other annual grains are also used. See also Companion planting Multiple cropping DEFAULTSORT Nurse Crop Category Crops Agri stub ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Globalize date December 2010 Crop scouting is precise assessments of pest pressure typically insects and crop performance to evaluate economic risk from pest infestations and disease, and the potential effectiveness of pest and disease control interventions. Scouting is usually sold as a commercial service to farmers. New tools are available to increase the effectiveness of crop scouting, including specialized field instruments and handheld computers with GPS, enabling geo tagging of crop problems. http www.cropiq.com CropIQ from Precision Plant Systems is one of the new generation of crop scouting systems that enables growers and crop consultants to precisely and accurately locate and tag crop issues, visualize them on an aerial map and make decisions for site specific treatments. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach DEFAULTSORT Crop Scouting Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Crop protection is the branch of horticulture concerned with protecting crop s from pest organism pest s, weed s, plant disease disease and theft . It encompasses Pesticide based approaches such as herbicide s, insecticide s and fungicide s Biological pest control approaches such as cover crop s, trap crop s and beetle bank s Barrier based approaches such as technical textiles Agrotech Agro textiles agrotextiles and bird netting Animal psychology based approaches such as bird scarer s Biotechnology based approaches such as plant breeding and genetic modification See also CAB International . CropLife International Category Horticulture and gardening horticulture stub de Pflanzenschutz fr D fense des cultures nl Gewasbescherming pl Ochrona ro lin sv V xtskydd ... more details
Image Riding crop.jpeg thumb a 30 75cm riding crop, with dollar bill to show scale A crop , sometimes called a riding crop or hunting crop , is a short type of whip without a lash, used in horse riding , part of the family of tools known as horse whips . Types and uses A crop usually consists of a long shaft of fiberglass or cane or which is covered in leather , fabric, or similar material. The rod of a crop thickens at one end to form a handle, and terminates in a thin, flexible tress such as wound cord or a leather tongue. The thin end is intended to make contact with the horse. The handle may have a loop of leather to help secure the grip. The length of a crop is designed to allow enough leverage for it to be accelerated rapidly with a controlled flick of the wrist without causing the rider balancing problems. Thus, a true crop is relatively short. The term whip is a more common term that includes both riding crops as well as longer types of horse whips used for both riding and ground work. A whip is a little slower than a crop, mostly due to having slightly greater length and flexibility. Crops are designed to back up the natural aids leg, seat and voice of a rider. Image Whips.jpg thumb 300px The difference between a crop and a whip. The top implement is a dressage whip, the bottom is a hunt seat riding crop. Dressage whip is a true whip, longer than a crop, up to 43 inches, including lash or popper for horse training , allowing a rider to touch the mount s side while keeping both hands on the reins. Hunting whips are not for use on the horse, but have a hook at the end to use in opening and shutting gates without dismounting, as well as a long leather thong to keep the hounds ... of bad horsemanship and abusive Fact date January 2009 to whip a horse painfully, the crop s termination ... lashing, such as a cat o nine tails . Even given this moderation, the crop is only to be used very rarely. The riding crop is still widely seen as the traditional symbol of dominance in BDSM activities ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2008 Break crop is a term for the secondary crop within the practice of sustainable agriculture with intensive agronomy arable farming whereby as part of a crop rotation , a physiologically different crop is inserted into the main cropping plan in order to provide a break from the cycle of weed s, Pest organism pests and disease s encountered with the latter. The aim is to optimize yields of the primary crops and therefore income while reducing the use, and cost, of pesticides . Nitrogen fixing Nitrogen fixation can be another soil goal. An example rotation would be winter oilseed rape as a break crop, followed by two crops of winter wheat , then winter barley or setaside . Another common example is maize corn that is typically rotated with cotton plantations. Category Agricultural terminology Category Sustainable agriculture Category Organic gardening Category Biological pest control agri stub ... more details
Image Wheat P1210892.jpg thumb right Wheat Image Hordeum barley.jpg thumb Barley The Rabi crop Hindi , Urdu is the spring harvest also known as the winter crop in India and Pakistan . The term Rabi means spring in Arabic , when the crop is harvested. Major Rabi crops Wheat Barley Mustard plant Mustard Peas Oats Kadli Oil seeds pulses See also Kharif crop References http etawah.nic.in farming.htm http pali.nic.in agriculture.htm India 2003 04 Rabi Crop Assessment, US Department of Agriculture, http www.fas.usda.gov pecad2 highlights 2004 04 India2004Assess index.htm Pakistan Agriculture Information, http www.nationsencyclopedia.com economies Asia and the Pacific Pakistan AGRICULTURE.html Category Crops Category Agriculture in India Category Agriculture in Pakistan hi pa India agri stub ... more details
In agriculture , a bumper crop refers to a particularly productive harvest yielded for a particular Crop agriculture crop . Example With all the rain we ve had over the last few months, we are expecting a bumper crop this year. The word bumper has a second definition ref name BumperDefinition cite web url http m w.com dictionary bumper publisher Merriam Webster Online Dictionary title Bumper ref meaning something unusually large, which is where this term comes from ref name BumperCropOrigin cite web url http www.word detective.com 112700.html publisher The Word Detective title Is it OK to pet the cow? date November 27, 2000 ref . References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Bumper Crop Category Crops Agri stub ... more details
Citations missing date March 2009 Crop insurance is purchased by agricultural producers, including farmer ... of agricultural commodities. The two general categories of crop insurance are called crop yield insurance and crop revenue insurance. Crop yield insurance There are two main classes of crop yield insurance Crop hail insurance is generally available from private insurers in countries with private ... tend not to overwhelm the capital reserves of private insurers. The earliest crop hail programs were begun by farmers cooperatives in France and Germany in the 1820s. Multi peril crop insurance MPCI ... are often bundled together in a single policy, called a multi peril crop insurance MPCI policy ... Crop Insurance Corporation FCIC , an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, in 1938. The FCIC ... agency, since 1996. Crop revenue insurance is a combination of crop yield insurance and price insurance. For example, RMA establishes crop revenue insurance guarantees on corn by multiplying each ... time futures price discovered at a commodity exchange before the policy is sold and the crop ... the guarantee. In the United States, the program is called Crop Revenue Coverage . Crop revenue insurance covers the decline in price that occurs during the crop s growing season. It does not cover ... desire to grow a crop associated with a particular defined attribute that potentially qualifies for a premium ... attribute may be associated with the genetic composition of the crop, certain management practices of the grower, or both. However, many standard crop insurance policies do not differentiate between ... for crop insurance to cover the risk of growing crops associated with particular attributes. ref US patent application 20060287896 Method for providing crop insurance for a crop associated with a defined attribute ref Federal crop insurance main Federal Crop Insurance In the United States , a subsidized ... to most farmers. The program is authorized by the Federal Crop Insurance Act which is actually title ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In agriculture , a catch crop is a fast growing agriculture crop that is grown simultaneously with, or between successive plantings of a main crop. For example, radish es that mature from seed in 25 30 days can be grown between rows of most vegetable s, and harvest ed long before the main crop matures. Or, a catch crop can be planted between the spring harvest and autumn fall planting of some crops. Catch cropping is a type of succession planting . It makes more efficient use of growing space. Catch crops are also crops that are sown to prevent minerals being flushed away from the soil. By using catch crops, such as grain millet, ... one can keep certain minerals not attached to the humous clay connection such as carbon C and other positively charged elements in the soil for many years. DEFAULTSORT Catch Crop Category Crops Agri stub cs Meziplodiny de Zwischenfrucht pl Mi dzyplon ... more details
Refimprove date November 2010 Image H fthose.jpg 250px thumb A model wearing crop top A crop top also cropped top , belly shirt , half shirt , midriff shirt , tummy top , short shirt , and cutoff shirt is a T shirt or blouse with the lower portion cut off, resulting in the exposure of some of the wearer s abdomen . ref cite web title crop top definition Dictionary MSN Encarta BOT GENERATED TITLE url http encarta.msn.com dictionary 561503251 crop top.html work archiveurl http www.webcitation.org 5kyWVMIxu archivedate 2009 11 01 deadurl yes ref The halfshirt or bellyshirt is a variety of shirt that is cut off from the bottom of the chest . See also commons category Crop tops Whale tail Lower back tattoo Muffin top Hip huggers Low rise jeans Gallery gallery File Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild F079080 0019, Bonn, Fitnessstudio.jpg A German athlete in a crop top at the Bonn Fitness studio, Germany . File Carine Quadros 6.jpg Actress Carine Quadros in a cropped gypsy top . gallery References Reflist Clothing DEFAULTSORT Crop Top Category Tops clothing Category 2000s fashion Category 1990s fashion Category 1980s fashion fr Haut court it Top indumento nl Naveltrui ... more details
Multiple issues cleanup July 2009 expert July 2009 Crop weeds are weed s that grow amongst crops . Examples of crop weeds include chickweed , barnyard grass and dandelion . ref http web2.msue.msu.edu Bulletins Bulletin PDF Historical finished pubs e2322 E2322 1989.pdf ref The dandelion, while sometimes used as a food source, can also prove harmful to crops. Crop weeds can inhibit the growth of crops, contaminate harvested crops and often spread rapidly. They can also host crop pests such as aphid s, fungal rots and virus es. ref http www.ncwss.org proceed 2004 proc04 abstracts 132.pdf ref ref name Zimdahl2004 cite book author Robert L. Zimdahl title Weed crop competition a review url http books.google.com books?id rRESmnekX3wC accessdate 31 July 2010 date 12 March 2004 publisher Wiley Blackwell isbn 9780813802794 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Crop Weed Category Agricultural pests Category Crops ... more details
Refimprove date July 2010 Crop destruction is the deliberate destruction of crops or agricultural products to render it useless for consumption or processing. It can be made by burning , mill grinding grinding , dumping into water, or application of chemicals. It should not be confused with crop residue burning , which burns useless parts of the crop. Related to crop destruction is alternate, low price use of agricultural products. A large portion of the Wine lake European Union wine surplus is conversion to industrial ethanol . There can be numerous reasons for crop destruction. In scorched earth strategy, crops and other useful materials are destroyed to prevent an enemy from gaining hold of them. In government regulated agriculture, farmers can be required to destroy crops that exceed their production quota . Crops can also be dumped in the street during a public protest this custom has been common in the European Union. Note that this term does not apply to the burning of crops which are or can be usefully harvested by this means, such as sugar cane. Crop destruction in culture The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck tells about destruction of oranges, potatoes, pig carcasses and other agricultural products during the Great Depression. See also Burning money agriculture stub Category Agriculture ... more details
Models of transpiration, or combined evapotranspiration ET , from plants often combine an idealized or well calibrated reference crop response model with coefficients that account for differences in response observed for the crop of interest. The most basic crop coefficient, K sub c sub , is simply ratio of ET observed for the crop studied over that observed for the reference crop under the same conditions. math PET K c RET math Potential evapotranspiration PET , is the evaporation and transpiration that potentially could occur if a field of the crop had an ideal unlimited water supply. RET is the reference ET often denoted as ET sub o sub . Even in agricultural crops, where ideal conditions are approximated as much as is practical, plants are not always growing and therefore transpiring at their theoretical potential. Plants have growth stages and states of health induced by a variety of environmental conditions. RET usually represents the PET of the reference crops most active growth. K sub c sub , then becomes a function or series of values, specific to the crop of interest through its growing season. These can be quite elaborate in the case of certain corn varieties, but tend to use a trapezoidal or a leaf area index LAI curve for common crop or vegetation canopies. Stress coefficients, K sub s sub , account for diminished ET due to specific stress factors. These are often assumed to combine by multiplication. math ET estimate K w K s 1 K s 2 K c ET o math Water stress is the most ubiquitous stress factor, often denoted as K sub w sub . Stress coefficients tend to be functions ranging between 0 and 1. The simplest are linear, but thresholds are appropriate for some toxicity responses. Crop coefficients can exceed 1 when the crop evapotranspiration exceeds that of RET. References cite book last Allen first R.G. coauthors Pereira, L.S. Raes, D. Smith, M. title Crop Evapotranspiration Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements url http www.fao.org docrep X049 ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Globalize date December 2010 Crop reports are reports compiled by the National Agricultural Statistics Service NASS on various commodities that are released throughout the year. Information in the reports includes estimates on Sowing planted acreage , Crop yield yield , and expected production, as well as comparison of production from previous years. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach DEFAULTSORT Crop Reports Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Infobox football biography 2 playername Crop Hawkins image fullname Albert Crop Hawkins dateofbirth 1893 cityofbirth Stoke on Trent countryofbirth England dateofdeath 1950 cityofdeath countryofdeath position Midfielder years1 clubs1 Stoke St Peter s caps1 goals1 years2 1912 1914 clubs2 Stoke City F.C. Stoke caps2 5 goals2 0 years3 1914 19?? clubs3 Stoke United caps3 goals3 Albert Crop Hawkins born 1893 in Stoke on Trent , England was a association football footballer who played for Stoke City F.C. Stoke before he returned to amateur football with Stoke United. He made five appearances for Stoke. ref Lowe, Simon Stoke City The Modern Era A Complete Record Desert Island Books, ISBN 1 874287 39 2 . ref References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Hawkins, Crop ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1893 PLACE OF BIRTH Stoke on Trent , England DATE OF DEATH 1950 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Hawkins, Crop Category English footballers Category Stoke City F.C. players Category 1893 births Category 1950 deaths England footy midfielder 1890s stub ... more details
For the irrigation method that produces circular fields of crops center pivot irrigation Image Crop circles Swirl.jpg thumb right A 780 ft crop circle in the form of a double six sided triskelion composed of 409 circles. Location Milk Hill England , 2001 A crop circle is a sizable pattern created by the flattening of a Crop agriculture crop such as wheat , barley , rye , maize , or rapeseed . Crop circles are also referred to as crop formations , because they are not always circular in shape. While the exact date crop circles began to appear is unknown, the documented cases have substantially increased ... thousand crop circles, in the last third of the 20th century, and 90 of those were located in southern ... Northcote http www.siue.edu GEOGRAPHY ONLINE Northcote06.pdf Spatial distribution of England s crop ... been made during the day. The most widely known method for a person or group to construct a crop formation ... to crush the plants. More recent methods include the use of a lawn roller. Some crop formations are paid for by companies who use them as advertising. ref http www.circlemakers.org Professional crop circle ... . Certain evidence, such as the Mowing Devil , suggest the appearance of crop circles well before the 20th century. Nevertheless, there are important differences between that story and modern crop circles. The story of the mowing devil involves the cutting of the crops following a dispute over crop ... the phenomenon in 1978 by making actual circles on crops with the use of simple tools. ref Crop ..., in a demonstration the two men made a crop circle in one hour. After the revelation of the hoax, crop circle like patterns continued to be made and became more complex. Some even came to resemble ... Inquiry . ref cite web url http www.csicop.org sb show levengoods crop circle plant research title Levengood s Crop Circle Plant Research date 1996 06 ref ref http www.tonyrogers.com news levengood crop circles.htm Tonyrogers.com ref ref Levengood. W.C. 1994. http www.xs4all.nl icircle dcircles ... more details