Refimprove date February 2009 Endovascularsurgery is a form of minimally invasive procedure minimally invasive surgery that was designed to access many regions of the body via major blood vessels . Endovascular techniques were originally designed for diagnostic purposes. Basic techniques involve the introduction of a catheter percutaneously or through the skin, into a large blood vessel. Typically the blood vessel chosen is the femoral artery or vein found near the groin. Access to the femoral artery for example, is required for coronary , carotid , and Cerebrum cerebral Angiography angiographic procedures. The catheter is injected with a radio opaque dye that can be seen on live X ray or fluoroscopy . As the dye courses through the blood vessels, characteristic images are seen by experienced viewers and can assist in the diagnosis of diseases such as atherosclerosis , vascular trauma, or aneurysms . In recent years, however, the development of intravascular balloons, stents and coils have allowed for new therapies as alternatives to traditional surgeries such as Coronary artery bypass surgery CABG , carotid endarterectomy and aneurysm clipping. Stents and coils are composed of fine wire materials such as platinum , that can be inserted through a thin catheter and expanded into a predetermined shape once they are guided into place. Endovascularsurgery is performed by radiologist ... invasive surgeries. However, the science of endovascularsurgery and its developing techniques ... and advanced form of endovascularsurgery taking place today is an EVAR . This is a new technique ... Interventional Radiology . Basics of endovascular techniques. http www.endovascular.org http www.endovascular.org . The Endovascular Forum. http www.isesonline.org The International Society of Endovascular Specialists ISES http www.Jevt.org The Journal of Endovascular Therapy Category Vascular surgery Category SurgerySurgery stub pt Cirurgia endovascular ru ... more details
Center . Surgery from the lang el cheirourgik , via lang la chirurgiae , meaning hand ... bodily function or appearance, and sometimes for religious reasons. An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure , operation , or simply surgery . In this context, the verb operate means performing surgery. The adjective surgical means pertaining to surgery e.g. surgical instruments or surgical nurse . The patient or subject on which the surgery is performed can be a person ... self surgery operate on themselves . Persons described as surgeons are commonly physician s, but the term ... surgeon and veterinarian s. Surgery can last from minutes to hours, but is typically not an ongoing or periodic type of treatment. The term surgery can also refer to the place where surgery is performed .... Definitions of surgerySurgery is a technology consisting of a physical intervention on tissues. As a general ..., such as angioplasty or endoscopy , may be considered surgery if they involve common surgical ... surgical instruments , and suturing or Surgical staple stapling . All forms of surgery are considered invasive procedures so called noninvasive surgery usually refers to an excision that does ... e.g. irradiation of a tumor . Types of surgery Surgical procedures are the commonly categorized .... Based on timing Elective surgery is done to correct a non life threatening condition, and is carried .... Emergency medicine Emergency surgery is surgery which must be done promptly to save life, limb, or functional capacity. A semi elective surgery is one that must be done to avoid permanent disability or death, but can be postponed for a short time. Based on purpose Exploratory surgery is performed to aid or confirm a diagnosis. Therapeutic surgery treats a previously diagnosed condition. By type ... an example. Replantation involves reattaching a severed body part. Reconstructive surgery involves reconstruction of an injured, mutilated, or deformed part of the body. Cosmetic surgery Cosmetic ... more details
?menu id 12 Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy at the Baylor College of Medicine Vascular procedures DEFAULTSORT Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Category Diseases of the aorta Category Medical imaging Category Vascular surgery ...EVAR which stands for Endovascular Aneurysm Repair or Endovascular Aortic Repair , is a type of Endovascularsurgery used to treat an abdominal aortic aneurysm AAA or Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, the procedure then specifically termed TEVAR Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair . In certain occasions, a specially designed Custom made graft device, which has holes fenestrations on the graft body to maintain the patency of certain important blood vessels, is used for the procedure, it is called FEVAR Fenestrated EndoVascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair . History The world s first EVAR was performed in 1987 Citation needed date August 2010 by Nicholas Volodos in Kiev , Soviet Union and introduced ... 2111 expectat.pdf?sequence 1 Expectations pf Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Academic ... graft stent is now another way out than doing open surgery. The procedure Image Endovasc.jpg right .... ref name NEJM cite journal author Greenhalgh RM, Powell JT title Endovascular repair of abdominal ... is the Hybrid Procedure. A hybrid procedure occurs in the angiography room and aims to combine endovascular procedures with limited open surgery. In this procedure the stent graft deployment is planned ... endografts will reduce but not eliminate this category of surgery. Chimney stents into the innominate ..., durabity in this complex area of vascular surgery. Complications Systemic Myocardial infarction ... into the aneurysm sac after endovascular repair. Four types of endoleaks exist ref name NEJM ... Society for Vascular Surgery U.S. http www.evartrials.org index.htm The EVAR Trial Data and Information http www.vascularweb.org CONTRIBUTION PAGES Patient Information NorthPoint Endovascular ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 The International Symposium on Endovascular Therapy ISET http www.ISET.org is an educational meeting for physicians, scientists, engineers and allied health professionals working in the multidisciplinary field of peripheral and cardiac interventional medicine. The meeting provides information on the latest techniques and technology for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of vascular diseases, among them stroke , heart attack , aneurysm and hardening of the arteries. The meeting highlights life saving procedures that are considered less invasive than traditional surgery. The five day course was founded in 1989 by internationally acclaimed interventionist Barry Katzen, M.D., a member of the team that in 2005 used stents to repair the leg aneurysms of Dick Cheney Vice President Dick Cheney . Dr. Katzen is known worldwide for his work using angioplasty and stent s to clear blockages in arteries throughout the body. He was one of the first to popularize the use of clot busting drugs for vascular disease. Dr. Katzen is also the founder and medical director of the Miami based Baptist Cardiac & Vascular Institute BCVI http www.baptistheart.net , which presents the meeting. BCVI embraces and ISET promotes the idea that physicians of differing specialties interventional radiologists, interventional cardiologists and vascular surgeons must work together in support of high quality patient care. The ISET meeting is presented annually in South Florida and draws attendees and prominent faculty speakers from around the world. ISET 2011 was held at the Fontainebleau Miami Beach from January 16 20. The 2012 meeting will also be held in that location, from January 15 19. The meeting is distinguished for its use of the live case demonstration an educational method pioneered by Dr. Katzen during which procedures taking place at a medical institution are satellite transmitted, in real time, to an auditorium in which meeting attendees are observing and panelists ... more details
Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma also known as a Dabska tumor ref name Andrews , Dabska type hemangioendothelioma, ref name Bolognia Hobnail hemangioendothelioma, ref name Bolognia Malignant endovascular papillary angioendothelioma, ref name Bolognia Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref is a rare low grade angiosarcoma that presents as a slow growing tumor on the head, neck, or extremity of infants or young children. ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref rp 601 See also List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Dermal growth stub Vascular tumors Category Dermal and subcutaneous growths ... more details
e.g. intracranial aneurysms . The Evolution of EndovascularSurgery Image The Principle Organs and Vascular ... to surgery. This area of vascular surgery is called EndovascularSurgery, a term that some in the specialty append to their primary qualification as Vascular Surgeon. Endovascular and endovenous procedures can now form the bulk of a vascular surgeons practice. The development of endovascularsurgery has been accompanied by a gradual separation of vascular surgery from its origin in general surgery. Most vascular surgeons would now confine their practice to vascular surgery and similarly general surgeons would not be trained or practice the larger vascular surgery operations or most endovascular procedures. More recently, professional vascular surgery societies and their training programme have formally separated Vascular Surgery into a separate specialty with its own training program, meetings, accreditation. Notable societies are Society of Vascular Surgery SVS , USA Australia and New ... with a private vascular surgery clinic, thus allowing treatment of most arterial endovascular ... Surgery U.S. http www.ejves.com European Journal of Vascular and EndovascularSurgery the official ... content.cfm?menu id 12 Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy at the Baylor College ... Vascular surgery is a specialty of surgery in which diseases of the vascular system, or artery ... reconstruction. The specialty evolved from general and cardiac surgery. Early pioneers of the field ... who developed and fostered advanced training in vascular surgery and pushed for its recognition .... Cardiothoracic surgery Cardiothoracic surgeons manage surgical disease of the Human heart heart ... of a woman. The specialty continues to be based on operative arterial and venous surgery but since ... of Vascular Surgeons MVSA . Larger societies of surgery actively separate and encourage specialty ... are access surgery for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, organ harvesting for transplantation ... more details
Breast surgery is a form of surgery performed on the breast . Types include Breast reduction surgery Augmentation mammoplasty Mastectomy Lumpectomy Breast conserving surgery , a less radical cancer surgery than mastectomy Mastopexy , or breast lift surgery Breast procedures Category Surgical procedures medicine stub ... more details
Bypass surgery can refer to Cardiopulmonary bypass Coronary artery bypass surgery Partial ileal bypass surgery Roux en Y gastric bypass surgery disambig ... more details
thumb 200px Cholecystectomy as seen through a laparoscope Laparoscopic surgery , also called minimally invasive surgery MIS , bandaid surgery , keyhole surgery is a modern surgery surgical technique ... as compared to the larger incisions needed in laparotomy . Keyhole surgery uses images displayed on TV monitors for magnification of the surgical elements. Laparoscopic surgery includes operations within the abdominal or pelvic cavities, whereas keyhole surgery performed on the thoracic or chest cavity is called thoracoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery belong to the broader field of endoscopy . There are a number of advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery versus ... recovery time. The key element in laparoscopic surgery is the use of a laparoscope. There are two ... and Laparoscopic Surgery W. Stephen, M.D. Eubanks Steve Eubanks Editor Lee L., M.D. Swanstrom ..., and recorded on film laparoscopic surgery, with instruments marketed by the Ven Instrument ..., and fetoscopy in 1979, and his books on gynecological endoscopic surgery in German, English ... surgery. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common laparoscopic procedure performed. In this procedure, 5 10mm diameter instruments graspers, scissors, clip applier can be introduced by the surgery ... being performed laparoscopically. There are two different formats for laparoscopic surgery. Multiple ... elements on a TV monitor. The Bonati system was designed for spinal surgery and has been promoted ... surgery. This technique is called hand assist laparoscopy. Since they will still be working with scopes ... field for surgeons. Due to improved patient outcomes, in the last two decades, laparoscopic surgery has been adopted by various surgical sub specialties including gastrointestinal surgery including bariatric procedures for Obesity morbid obesity , gynecologic surgery and urology. Based on numerous ... patients , and is now deemed safe when applied to surgery for cancers such as cancer of colon. File ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Gynecological surgery refers to surgery on the female reproductive system . Gynecological surgery is usually performed by gynecology gynecologists . It includes procedures for benign conditions, cancer, infertility, and incontinence, and various other conditions. Gynecological surgery may occasionally be performed for elective or cosmetic purposes. Urogenital surgical procedures DEFAULTSORT Gynecological Surgery Category Gynecology Category Surgical specialties Surgery stub pt Cirurgia ginecol gica ... more details
Radical surgery refers to the removal of blood supply, lymph nodes and sometimes adjacent structures of a diseased organ or tumor during surgery. In surgical oncology, radical surgery or dissection typically describes the removal of a tumor or mass and ancillary lymph nodes that may drain the mass for diagnostic and or treatment purposes, as in radical mastectomy . http medical dictionary.thefreedictionary.com radical dissection DEFAULTSORT Radical Surgery Category SurgerySurgery stub ... more details
Refimprove date May 2008 Thoracic surgery is the field of medicine involved in the surgery surgical treatment of disease s affecting organs inside the thorax the chest . Generally treatment of conditions of the lung s, chest wall , and Thoracic diaphragm diaphragm . Thoracic surgery is often grouped with cardiac surgery and called cardiothoracic surgery . According to a June, 2003 article in the Annals of Thoracic Surgery, the workforce where currently appears right sized, although the workforce survey cited indicates significant retirement during the next 10 to 15 years. See also Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy VATS lobectomy External links http www.sts.org The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Medicine Thoracic surgery Category Surgery Category Thoracic surgery Category Surgical specialties ca Cirurgia tor cica eu Toraxeko kirurgia fr Chirurgie thoracique it Chirurgia toracica pl Torakochirurgia pt Cirurgia tor cica ru zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Endocrine surgery is a specialized surgical field where procedures are performed on endocrine glands to achieve a hormones hormonal or anti hormonal effect in the body. Almost always, this entails operating to remove a tumor which has grown on or within an endocrine gland. File Adrenal Tumor.JPG right thumb 220px Adrenalectomy The field of endocrine surgery typically comprises surgery for the thyroid gland , parathyroid glands , and adrenal glands . Although not typically referred to as endocrine surgery, it could be argured that surgery of the pituitary gland, testicles , ovaries , and pancreas are also forms of endocrine surgery since these glands are hormone producing glands as well. More classically, however, only thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal surgery are thought of as endocrine surgery with pituitary surgery typically thought of as a form of neurosurgery testicle surgery typically thought of as urologic surgery ovary surgery typically thought of as a form of gynecologic surgery and pancreatic surgery typically thought of as oncology surgery. The commonest endocrine surgery operation is removal of the thyroid thyroidectomy , followed by parathyroid surgery parathyroidectomy , followed by the rare operation on the adrenal gland adrenalectomy . Endocrine surgery has developed as a sub specialty surgical category because of the technical nature of these operations and the associated risks of operating in the neck. Beginning in 1978, specialty training became available in the United Kingdom and later in the USA to help train surgeons within this highly specialized field. It is well established that complications are much less ... most thyroid surgery is performed by surgeons doing less than 20 thyroid operations per year. This results ... rarity and needs in most cases a permanent tracheotomy. DEFAULTSORT Endocrine Surgery Category Surgery Category Endocrinology Surgery stub ... more details
Surgery is a medical specialty that uses operative treatment. It also refers to the place where surgery is performed, or the offices of the practitioner, the surgeon . Surgery may also mean In medicine In North American English, a surgical procedure or operation e.g. I had three surgeries . In British English, a doctor s office or consulting room. In politics Surgery politics , a regular time scheduled by a British Member of Parliament to meet with constituents to discuss their concerns and issues, and by extension in British English, other such advice sessions offered by other bodies In mathematics Surgery theory , a mathematical operation used in topology two special cases are Dehn surgery Hyperbolic Dehn surgery disambig ... more details
Top surgery refers to the surgical procedures on the breasts of transgender patients Breast augmentation surgery , typically for male to female transsexuals. Mastectomy , typically for female to male transsexuals, along with male chest reconstruction . See also bottom surgery disambig ... more details
Radioimmunoguided surgery is a procedure that uses radioactive substances to locate tumors so that they can be removed by surgery . External links http www.cancer.gov Templates db alpha.aspx?CdrID 45453 Radioimmunoguided surgery entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms NCI cancer dict Category Surgical techniques Oncology stub ... more details
unreferenced date November 2010 Infobox Occupation name Cardiothoracic Surgeon image File Ijn surgeon.JPG 200px caption Cardiothoracic surgeons perform an operation. official names Doctor, Medical Specialist Details type Specialty medicine Specialty activity sector Surgery competencies formation Doctor of Medicine MD or MBBS or DO US employment field Hospital s, Clinic s related occupation average salary profit USD 436,000 M.D. Cardiothoracic surgery is the field of medicine involved in surgery surgical treatment of diseases affecting organs inside the thorax the chest generally treatment of conditions of the heart heart disease and lung s pulmonology lung disease . Cardiac Thoracic Cardiac surgery involving the heart and great vessels and thoracic surgery involving the lungs and any other thoracic organ are separate surgical specialties , except in the USA , the UK and Australia , where they are frequently grouped together, so that a surgeon training in the cardiothoracic specialty will receive a broader experience in both fields before they develop their special interest in certain parts of the speciality. See also Cardiac surgery Thoracic surgery Cardiothoracic Surgery Network Surgeons Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery References reflist External links http www.ctsnet.org Cardiothoracic Surgery Network http www.sts.org The Society of Thoracic Surgeons http www.aats.org American Association for Thoracic Surgery http www.ismics.org International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery http www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu surgery education cardio.html University of California, Davis Thoracic Surgery Training Program Medicine Cardiac surgery Thoracic surgery redundant with use of template category is part of the template Category Surgical specialties Category Cardiac surgery redundant with use of template category is part of the template Category Thoracic surgery de Herzchirurgie fr Chirurgie cardiothoracique he ja ko mk ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Distinguish laser hair removal Laser surgery is surgery using a laser to cut Tissue biology tissue instead of a scalpel . Examples include the use of a laser scalpel in otherwise conventional surgery, and soft tissue laser surgery , in which the laser beam vaporizes soft tissue with high water content. Laser resurfacing is a technique in which molecular bond s of a material are dissolved by a laser. Laser surgery is commonly used on the human eye eye . Techniques used include LASIK , which is used to correct near and far sightedness in vision, and photorefractive keratectomy , a procedure which permanently reshapes the cornea using an excimer laser to remove a small amount of tissue. Green laser surgery is used for the treatment reduction of enlarged prostates. Laser surgery is much safer than normal surgery as it makes no physical contact so no infections are spread. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Laser Surgery Category Laser medicine Category SurgerySurgery stub ko ... more details
unreferenced date February 2011 Outpatient surgery , also known as ambulatory surgery , same day surgery or day surgery , is surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay. The term outpatient arises from the fact that surgery patients may go home and do not need an overnight hospital bed. The purpose of outpatient surgery is to keep hospital costs down. Citation needed date December 2009 Outpatient surgery has grown in popularity due to the rise in outpatient surgery centers and improved technology. Outpatient surgery centers often allow patients to get medical surgery and cosmetic surgery done in much more luxurious settings than a state hospital and are often preferred by patients for minor surgical procedures. Improved technology has also increased the frequency of outpatient surgery procedures. With shorter medical procedure duration and fewer complications it makes sense to let patients go home sooner. About 65 of all surgical procedures are done on an outpatient basis. Citation needed date December 2009 Patients should check with their doctor for all information covering preparation for outpatient procedures. Complications related to surgery occur less than 1 of the time in outpatient settings. Citation needed date December 2009 However, in terms of patient safety, non hospital settings are not as regulated as hospitals are. Patients should inquire about all ambulatory clinics, surgical centers, and physicians offices to make sure they meet state guideline s. External links Wiktionary commons Hospital http www.outpatientsurgery.net Outpatient Surgery Magazine http www.dsf.health.state.pa.us health cwp view.asp?a 188&q 241594 Tips for outpatient surgery patients Medicine Category Surgery treatment stub it Day hospital ... more details
merge Hand surgeon discuss Talk THIS PAGE Merger proposal date October 2010 The field of hand surgery deals with both surgical and non surgical treatment of conditions and problems that may take place in the hand or upper extremity commonly from the tip of the hand to the shoulder . ref http www.assh.org Public About Pages default.aspx About Hand Surgery , American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Retrieved on 2011 02 24. ref Hand surgery may be practiced by graduates of general surgery , orthopedic surgery and plastic surgery . ref http www.assh.org Public About Pages Why.aspx Why Visit a Hand Surgeon , American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Retrieved on 2011 02 24. ref Plastic surgeon s and orthopedic surgeons receive significant training in hand surgery during their residency training, with some graduates continuing on to do an additional one year hand fellowship. These fellowships are sometimes also pursued by general surgeons. Plastic surgeons are particularly well suited to handle traumatic hand and digit amputations that require a replant operation. Orthopedic surgeons are trained to reconstruct all aspects to salvage the appendage tendon s, muscle , bone . Orthopedic surgeons ..., Hand Surgery is recognized as a clinical specialty in its own right with a formal four to six years hand surgery resident training program. Hand surgeons going through these programs are trained in all aspects of hand surgery, combining and mastering all the skills traditionally associated with Orthopedic ... and limbs, microsurgical reconstruction of soft tissues and bone, nerve reconstruction, and surgery ... for hand surgery Hand injuries Carpal tunnel syndrome Carpometacarpal bossing Rheumatoid arthritis Dupuytren s contracture Congenital defect s See also Hand Plastic surgery Orthopedic surgery Hand surgeon Tetraplegic upper limb surgery References Reflist medicine DEFAULTSORT Hand surgery Category Surgery Category Plastic surgery Category Orthopedic surgerySurgery stub ar de Handchirurgie ... more details
File US Navy 090704 A 0566T 023 Operation Smile staff member is Dr. Hal Rosenfeild begins reconstructive surgery for a cleft lip on a three month old infant aboard the Military Sealift Command hospital ship USNS Comfort T AH 20 .jpg thumb Operation Smile staff member is Dr. Hal Rosenfeild begins reconstructive surgery for a cleft lip on a three month old infant aboard the Military Sealift Command hospital ship USNS Comfort T AH 20 during a medical service project. Unreferenced date June 2007 Reconstructive surgery is, in its broadest sense, the use of surgery to restore the form and function of the body, although Plastic Surgeons and otolaryngology Otolaryngologists do reconstructive surgery on faces after trauma and to reconstruct the head and neck after cancer. Other branches of surgery e.g. , General surgery , gynecological surgery , pediatric surgery , cosmetic surgery also perform some reconstructive procedures. The common feature is that the operation attempts to restore the anatomy or the function of the body part to normal. Reconstructive plastic surgeons use the concept of a reconstructive ladder to manage increasingly complex wounds. This ranges from very simple techniques such as primary closure and dressings to more complex skin grafts, tissue expansion and free flaps. Cosmetic Surgery procedures including breast enhancement , reduction and lift, face lift , forehead lift , upper and lower eyelid surgery Blepharoplasty , laser skin resurfacing Laser resurfacing , chemical peel , nose reshaping Rhinoplasty , and reconstruction liposuction Nasal reconstruction using the paramedian flap , as well as tummy tuck . Many of these procedures are constantly being improved. Recent literature in medline also has noted implementation of Barbed suture in these procedures Category Surgery Category Oral and maxillofacial surgery Category Otolaryngology Category Plastic surgery Surgery stub az Rekonstruktiv c rrahi da Rekonstruktionskirurgi sv Rekonstruktiv kirurgi th ... more details
Transsphenoidal surgery is a type of surgery in which surgical instrument s are inserted into part of the brain by going through the nose and the sphenoid bone a butterfly shaped bone at the base of the skull . Transsphenoidal surgery is used to remove tumors of the pituitary gland . External links http www.cancer.gov Templates db alpha.aspx?CdrID 476651 Transsphenoidal surgery entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms NCI cancer dict oncology stub Endocrine system intervention Category Neurosurgery ... more details
Oral Surgery Oral and Maxilloafacial Surgery is a recognized international specialty in dentistry . It includes the diagnosis, surgical and related treatment of diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and esthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the head, mouth, teeth, gums, jaws and neck. ref http www.aaoms.org American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons ref It involves, but is not limited to dental implants, wisdom teeth removal, apicoectomy , Temporomandibular joint disorder TMJ disorder , facial trauma, corrective jaw surgery, oral pathology, osseous tissue surgery, anesthesia and bone grafts. Unlike in the United States, in some areas of the world it is separate from Oral and maxillofacial surgery Oral and Maxillofacial surgery OMS, OMFS, or Maxfacs , which is a unique specialty usually requiring both medical and dental qualifications of 8 10 years of education after college. Oral surgery as a specialty is defined in Europe as a dental specialty ref Directive 2001 19 EC Official Journal of the European Communities L 206, 31.07.2001 ref . It requires 3 years of further university training after a formal qualification in dentistry . The Directive 2001 19 EC also distinguishes Oral Surgery from other evidence of formal qualifications in specialized Medicine, such as oral and maxillofacial surgery , which requires both medical and dental training in the European Union . However, it is important to note that, in the United States, there is no such equivalent dental specialist to the European oral surgeon . Based on the scope of practice ... as Oral and maxillofacial surgery oral and maxillofacial surgeons . In 2007, the United Kingdom ... Oral Surgery list. ref http www.gdc uk.org News publications and events News releases Oral surgery and surgical dentistry to merge.htm General Dental Council ref References Reflist Category Dentistry branches Category Oral surgery Category Oral and maxillofacial surgery de Oralchirurgie ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm EVAR is a minimally invasive technique using radiologically guided insertion of stentgraft to bypass the abdominal aortic aneurysm . ref name EVAR1 cite journal title Endovascular aneurysm repair versus open repair in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm EVAR trial 1 randomised controlled trial journal Lancet volume 365 issue 9478 pages 2179 86 year 2005 pmid 15978925 doi 10.1016 S0140 6736 05 66627 5 last1 Evar Trial first1 Participants ref Key trials EVAR I 1082 patients aged 60 years or older with abdominal aortic aneurysms 5.5 cm in diameter. Endovascular aneurysm repair EVAR was compared with open surgical repair. Comparison included cost, mortality, complications, durability, and health related quality of life. At the end of 1 year, there were no differences in health related quality of life. At the 4 year follow up, the two groups had similar rates of all cause mortality. EVAR group had a persistent significant but moderate reduction in aneurysm related deaths. In the EVAR group 41 experienced postoperative complications compared with 9 in open repair group . The authors concluded that EVAR is more expensive, has more complications and reintervention rate, but offers a 3 better aneurysm related survival. ref name EVAR1 References reflist Category Vascular surgery ... more details
Chest surgery can refer to Mastectomy Thoracic surgery dab Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
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