subtilis showing endospores as green and the vegetative cell as red An endospore is a dormancy ..., Washington DC ref The name endospore is suggestive of a spore or seedlike form endo ... to which the bacterium can reduce itself. The endospore becomes important when the bacterium is experiencing ... becomes more favorable, the endospore can reactivate itself to the vegetative state. Most types of bacteria cannot change to the endospore form, but examples include Bacillus and Clostridium . ref DorlandsDict three 000035434 endospore ref The endospore consists of the bacterium s DNA and part ... in some classes of microorganisms. Structure Image Bakterien Sporen.png thumb 260px Variations in endospore morphology 1, 4 central endospore 2, 3, 5 terminal endospore 6 lateral endospore Bacteria produce a single endospore internally. The spore is sometimes surrounded ... the protoplast or core of the endospore. The core contains the spore chromosomal DNA is encased in chromatin ... active. Up to 20 of the dry weight of the endospore consists of calcium dipicolinate within the core ... due to the impermeability of the endospore wall to dyes and stains. While the rest of a bacterial cell may stain, the endospore is left colourless. To combat this, a special stain technique called a Moeller stain is used. That allows the endospore to show up as red, while the rest of the cell stains ... coat Spore cortex Core wall Location The position of the endospore differs among bacterial species and is useful ... a centrally placed endospore include Bacillus cereus , and those having a subterminal endospore include Bacillus subtilis . Sometimes the endospore can be so large the cell can be distended around the endospore, this is typical of Clostridium tetani . Formation and destruction When a bacterium ... of the forespore. Sporulation is now complete, and the mature endospore will be released when ... ray s, will also kill most endospores. Reactivation Reactivation of the endospore occurs when conditions ... more details
A bacterial spore is a spore or spore like structure produced by bacteria . These include Endospore Akinete Spores produced by Actinobacteria and Azotobacter dab ... more details
Refimprove type bacteria auto yes date December 2009 Taxobox color lightgrey name Thermoactinomycetaceae regnum Bacteria divisio Firmicutes classis Bacilli ordo Bacillales familia Thermoactinomycetaceae familia authority Garrity et al. 2001 subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Shimazuella ref Park D. J. et al . Shimazuella kribbensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a mesophilic representative of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. , 2007, 57 , 2660 2664. doi 10.1099 ijs.0.65194 0 ref br Thermoactinomyces The Thermoactinomycetaceae is a family taxonomy family of Gram positive endospore endospore forming bacteria . References reflist Category Bacillales Bacteria stub it Thermoactinomycetaceae ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Desulfovirgula regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Thermoanaerobacteriales familia Thermoanaerobacteraceae genus Desulfovirgula Desulfovirgula is a genus of sulfate reducing bacteria sulfate reducing aerobic organism aerobic endospore endospore forming Gram positive thermophile thermophilic motile bacillus shape rod shaped bacteria, isolated from a geothermally active underground mine. Desulfovirgula thermocuniculi is the sole species in the genus. Electron acceptor s that this organism can utilize include sulfate , sulfite , thiosulfate and elemental sulfur , while H sub 2 sub in the presence of CO sub 2 sub and carboxylic acid s can be utilized as electron donor s ref cite journal author Kaksonen AH, Spring S, Schumann P, Kroppenstedt RM, Puhakka JA title Desulfovirgula thermocuniculi gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic sulfate reducer isolated from a geothermal underground mine in Japan. url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 17220449?dopt Abstract journal Int J Syst Evol Microbiol volume 57 issue 1 pages 98 102 year 2007 pmid 17220449 doi 10.1099 ijs.0.64655 0 ref . References references Category Clostridia bacteria stub ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Oxobacter regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridiales familia Clostridiaceae genus Oxobacter Oxobacter is a genus of Gram positive anaerobe obligately anaerobic Bacillus shape rod shaped acetogen ic bacteria . The sole species in the genus is Oxobacter pfennigii , formerly known as Clostridium pfennigii ref cite journal author Krumholz LR, Bryant MP title Clostridium pfennigii sp. nov. uses methoxyl groups of monobenzenoids and produces butyrate. url journal Int J Syst Bacteriol. volume 35 issue pages 454 56 year 1985 pmid doi 10.1099 00207713 35 4 454 ref . This endospore endospore forming microorganism catabolizes pyruvic acid pyruvate to acetic acid acetate and CO sub 2 sub , while carbohydrate sugar s and amino acid s are not utilized as energy sources ref cite journal author Collins MD, Lawson PA, Willems A, Cordoba JJ, Fernandez Garayzabal J, Garcia P, Cai J, Hippe H, Farrow JA title The phylogeny of the genus Clostridium proposal of five new genera and eleven new species combinations. url journal Int J Syst Bacteriol. volume 44 issue 4 pages 812 26 year 1994 pmid 7981107 doi 10.1099 00207713 44 4 812 ref . References references Category Clostridia bacteria stub it Oxobacter ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Metabacterium regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridiales genus Metabacterium species M. polyspora binomial Metabacterium polyspora binomial authority Chatton and Perard, 1913 Metabacterium polyspora is an unusual multiple endospore endospore producing bacteria bacterium isolated from the cecum of guinea pigs ref cite journal author Chatton E, Perard C title Schizophytes du caecum du cobaye. II. Metabacterium polyspora n. g., n. s. url journal C.R. Hebd. Soc. Biol. volume 74 issue 156 pages 1232 34 year 1913 pmid ref . This bacterium is physically similar to the Phylogenetics phylogenetically related surgeonfish intestinal symbiont Epulopiscium fishelsoni ref cite journal author Angert ER, Brook AE, Pace NR title Phylogenetic Analysis of Metabacterium polyspora Clues to the Evolutionary Origin of Daughter Cell Production in Epulopiscium Species, the Largest Bacteria url http jb.asm.org cgi reprint 178 5 1451?view long&pmid 8631724 journal J Bacteriol volume 178 issue 5 pages 1451 56 year 1996 pmid 8631724 pmc 177821 ref . References references Category Clostridia bacteria stub ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Arthroconidia are a type of fungus fungal spore s typically produced by segmentation of pre existing fungal hyphae . Image Arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis 39G0040 lores.jpg thumb 150px right Arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis These spores are asexual reproduction asexual and are generally not as durable and environmentally persistent as, for instance, bacteria l endospore s or chlamydospore s. Some medically significant pathogens, such as Coccidioides immitis , and Coccidioides posadasii , both causative agents of Coccidioidomycosis also known as San Joaquin Valley fever , are transmitted through airborne arthroconidia. See also Portal Fungi Conidium Category Fungal morphology and anatomy Fungus stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Bacillus sphaericus regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Bacilli ordo Bacillales familia Bacillaceae genus Bacillus species sphaericus binomial Bacillus sphaericus Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control . ref cite web title Larvicides for mosquito control publisher U.S. Environmental Protection Agency date 2007 04 11 url http www.epa.gov pesticides health mosquitoes larvicides4mosquitoes.htm accessdate 2007 06 29 ref It forms spherical endospore s. References reflist Category Bacillaceae bacteria stub ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Caldicellulosiruptor image image width 240px image caption regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Thermoanaerobacteriales familia Thermoanaerobacterales Family III genus Caldicellulosiruptor genus authority Rainey et al. 1994 subdivision ranks Species subdivision C. acetigenus br C. hydrothermalis br C. kristjanssonii br C. kronotskiensis br C. lactoaceticus br C. owensensis br C. saccharolyticus Caldicellulosiruptor is an genus of thermophilic , Anaerobic organism anaerobic , Gram positive , non Endospore spore forming bacterium bacteria . References reflist bacteria stub Category Clostridia ... more details
italic title Clostridium butyricum is an Anaerobic organism anaerobic prokaryote that requires the absolute absence of oxygen to grow. It produces butyric acid which is an indicator of the presence of saccharolytic clostridia . It is an endospore former and can live under rough conditions. It gets its energy through fermentation biochemistry fermentation using granulose as a Substrate chemistry substrate . Sources Hashwa F., Tokajian S., 2008 , Microbiology, an experimental approach. 7th edition, 2008. bacteria stub Category Gram positive bacteria fr Clostridium butyricum it Clostridium butyricum ja nn Sm rsyrebakterie ... more details
About the internal buds of freshwater sponges the proposed mechanism of heredity Gemmule pangenesis Gemmules are internal bud s found in sea sponge sponge s that are the result of asexual reproduction , and are a response to a hostile environment.They are resistant to desiccation drying out , freezing, and Hypoxia medical anoxia lack of oxygen and can lie around for long periods of time. These are similar to a bacterium s endospore. Gemmules are made up of amoebocytes surrounded by a layer of spicules and can survive conditions that would kill adult sponges. When the environment becomes less hostile, the gemmule resumes growing. References Feldkamp, Susan 2002 . Modern Biology. United States Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. p. 695. Accessed on May 23, 2006. Category Poriferans fr Gemmule sr ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Sporolactobacillus regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Bacilli ordo Bacillales familia Sporolactobacillaceae genus Sporolactobacillus genus authority Kitahara and Suzuki 1963 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Sporolactobacillus dextrus S. dextrus br Sporolactobacillus inulinus S. inulinus br Sporolactobacillus kofuensis S. kofuensis br Sporolactobacillus laevis S. laevis br Sporolactobacillus laevolacticus S. laevolacticus br Sporolactobacillus nakayamae S. nakayamae br Sporolactobacillus terrae S. terrae br Sporolactobacillus vineae S. vineae Sporolactobacillus is a genus of anaerobe anaerobic endospore endospore forming Gram positive flagellum motile bacillus shape rod shaped lactic acid bacteria lactic acid bacteria . ref cite journal author Kitahara K, Suzuki J title Sporolactobacillus nov. subgen. url http www.journalarchive.jst.go.jp jnlpdf.php?cdjournal jgam1955&cdvol 9&noissue 1&startpage 59&lang en&from jnltoc journal J Gen Appl Microbiol volume 9 issue pages 59 71 year 1963 pmid doi 10.2323 jgam.9.59 ref Members of this genus are catalase negative, do not reduce nitrate s to nitrite s, and do not form indole . Lactic acid is produced actively without liberation of gas from glucose , fructose , mannose , sucrose , maltose , trehalose , raffinose , inulin , mannitol , sorbitol and alpha methyl glucoside . Sporolactobacillus grows readily at temperatures between 25 40 C. The optimal temperature for growth lies around 35 C. References reflist Category Bacillales bacteria stub ... more details
wiktionary spore A spore is a biological reproductive mechanism. Spore may also refer to TOCRight Video games Spore 2008 video game Spore 2008 video game , a video game by Maxis Spore 1987 video game Spore 1987 video game , a game for the Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum Spore 1991 video game Spore 1991 video game , a video game for MS DOS Music The Spore , a 2005 album by Opiate for the Masses Spore band , an American rock band Other uses Security Protocols Open Repository Spore, West Pomeranian Voivodeship , a village in Poland Galaxy of Fear Spore , a book by John Whitman See also Diaspore botany , a plant disseminule Endospore s, a bacterial, non reproductive survival mechanism Spore like cells , a specific class of stem cells Spore print , a diagnostic character for identifying mushrooms Resting spore , created by fungi Gaia spore , a subset of the Gaia hypothesis Milky spore , a bacterium of the white grubs of Japanese beetles Singapore disambig da Spore de Spore Begriffskl rung fr Spore homonymie he no Spore pl Spore th ... more details
italic title Unreferenced stub type bacteria auto yes date December 2009 Taxobox color lightgrey name Bacillus megaterium image width 240px image caption Kingdom Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Bacilli ordo Bacillales familia Bacillaceae genus Bacillus species B. megaterium binomial Bacillus megaterium binomial authority Bacillus megaterium is a rod shaped, Gram staining Gram positive , endospore forming, species of bacteria used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture . Bacterium is arranged into the streptobacillus form. Bacillus megaterium is a rod shaped bacterium and one of the largest eubacteria found in soil. Groups of the bacteria are often found in chains where the cells are joined together by polysaccharides on the cell walls. Bacillus megaterium is able to survive in some extreme conditions such as desert environments due to the spores it forms. Where there are favourable conditions the spores can survive. Sometimes this particular bacteria can be found on common surfaces that are frequently touched. Bacillus megaterium produces penicillin amidase used for making penicillin. It produces enzymes for modifying corticosteroids, as well as several amino acid dehydrogenases. DEFAULTSORT Bacillus Megaterium Category Bacillaceae Bacteria stub de Bacillus megaterium eo Bacillus megaterium fr Bacillus megaterium pt Bacillus megaterium ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Sporohalobacter regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Haloanaerobiales familia Haloanaerobiaceae genus Sporohalobacter Sporohalobacter are a genus of anaerobe anaerobic bacteria belonging to the family Haloanaerobiaceae. ref cite journal author Oren A, Gurevich P, Henis Y title Reduction of nitrosubstituted aromatic compounds by the halophilic anaerobic eubacteria Haloanaerobium praevalens and Sporohalobacter marismortui. journal Appl Environ Microbiol volume 57 issue 11 pages 3367 70 year 1991 pmid 1669931 pmc 183973 ref The organisms are endospore spore forming bacteria that grow in hypersaline environments. ref cite journal author Ollivier B, Caumette P, Garcia J, Mah R title Anaerobic bacteria from hypersaline environments. journal Microbiol Rev volume 58 issue 1 pages 27 38 year 1994 pmid 8177169 pmc 372951 ref References reflist Category Clostridia bacteria stub es Sporohalobacter fr Sporohalobacter it Sporohalobacter ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Anaerobacter domain Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridia les familia Clostridiaceae genus Anaerobacter Anaerobacter are a genus of Gram positive bacteria related to Clostridium . They are Anaerobic respiration anaerobic chemotroph s and are unusual endospore spore formers as they produce more than one spore per bacterial cell up to five spores . ref cite journal author Siunov A, Nikitin D, Suzina N, Dmitriev V, Kuzmin N, Duda V title Phylogenetic status of Anaerobacter polyendosporus, an anaerobic, polysporogenic bacterium. url http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi reprint 49 3 1119.pdf journal Int J Syst Bacteriol volume 49 Pt 3 issue pages 1119 24 year 1999 pmid 10425769 ref They fix nitrogen fixation nitrogen . G C content 29. ref cite book author Madigan M Martinko J editors . title Brock Biology of Microorganisms edition 11th publisher Prentice Hall year 2005 isbn 0 13 144329 1 ref References references Category Clostridiaceae bacteria stub cs Anaerobacter es Anaerobacter uk Anaerobacter ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Acetonema regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridiales familia Veillonellaceae genus Acetonema Acetonema is a genus of bacteria in the family Veillonellaceae . It is H sub 2 sub oxidizing CO sub 2 sub reducing acetogenic strictly anaerobe anaerobic endospore forming Gram negative motile rod shaped, isolated from gut contents of the wood feeding termite Pterotermes occidentis . Cells are catalase positive, oxidase negative, and have 51.5 mol percent G C in their DNA. Optimum conditions for growth on H sub 2 sub CO sub 2 sub are at 30 33 degrees C and pH initial 7.8. Acetonema longum is the sole species within the genus ref cite journal author Kane MD, Breznak JA title Acetonema longum gen. nov. sp. nov., an H sub 2 sub CO sub 2 sub acetogenic bacterium from the termite, Pterotermes occidentis. journal Arch Microbiol volume 2 issue 156 pages 91 8 year 1991 pmid 1723588 ref . References references Category Clostridia bacteria stub it Acetonema ... more details
Multiple issues citations missing December 2010 refimprove December 2010 Endospores are surrounded be a highly resistant spore coat, The spore coat is highly resistant to excessive heat, freezing and desiccation as well as chemical agents. More importantly, for identification, spores are resistant to commonly employed staining techniques therefore alternative staining methods are required. Moeller staining involves the use of a steamed dye reagent in order to increase the stainability of the spores malachite green is the primary stain used in this experiment. gallery File bacillus subtilis.jpg Endospore gallery Further reading cite journal last1 Hayama first1 Masayoshi last2 Oana first2 Kozue last3 Kozakai first3 Tomonori last4 Umeda first4 Shuhei last5 Fujimoto first5 Junkoh last6 Ota first6 Hiroyoshi last7 Kawakami first7 Yoshiyuki title Proposal of a simplified technique for staining bacterial spores without applying heat Successful modification of Moeller s method journal European Journal of Medical Research volume 12 issue 8 pages 356 9 year 2007 pmid 17933713 url http hdl.handle.net 10091 10132 microbiology stub Category Microbiology techniques ... more details
distinguish Coliiformes File E coli at 10000x, original.jpg thumb Escherichia coli Coliform bacteria are a commonly used bacteria l indicator of sanitary quality of foods and water. They are defined as rod shaped Gram negative non endospore spore forming bacteria which can ferment lactose with the production of acid and gas when incubated at 35 37 C. ref American Public Health Association APHA , Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 19th ed. , APHA, Washington, DC 1995 . ref Coliforms are abundant in the faeces of warm blooded animals, but can also be found in the aquatic environment, in soil and on vegetation. While coliforms are themselves not normally causes of serious illness, they are easy to culture and their presence is used to indicate that other pathogenic organisms of faecal origin may be present. Faecal pathogens include bacteria, viruses, or protozoa and many multicellular parasites. Typical genera include ref The Microbiology of Drinking Water 2002 Part 1 Water Quality and Public Health Department of the Environment ref Citrobacter , Enterobacter Escherichia Hafnia bacterium Hafnia Klebsiella Serratia Escherichia coli E. coli , a rod shaped member of the coliform group, can be distinguished from most other coliforms by its ability to ferment lactose at 44 C in the fecal coliform test, and by its growth and color reaction on certain types of culture media. When cultured on an EMB plate, a positive result for E. coli is metallic green colonies on a dark purple media. Unlike the general coliform group, E. coli are almost exclusively of fecal origin and their presence is thus an effective confirmation of fecal contamination. See also Bacteriological water analysis Coliform Index Fecal coliforms Indicator bacteria References Reflist Category Bacteria Category Foodborne illnesses Category Water quality indicators Category Microbiology bacteria stub cs Koliformn bakterie de Coliforme Bakterien id Bakteri koliform it Coliformi he ... more details
Refimprove type bacteria date December 2009 Taxobox color lightgrey name Acidaminococcaceae regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridia les familia Veillonellaceae Acidaminococcaceae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Acetonema br Acidaminococcus br Anaeromusa br Dialister br Megasphaera br Pectinatus br Phascolarctobacterium br Quinella bacterium Quinella br Schwartzia br Selenomonas br Sporomusa br Succinclasticum br Veillonella br Zymophilus The Acidaminococcaceae are an family ref name pmid17625216 cite journal author Morotomi M, Nagai F, Sakon H title Genus Megamonas should be placed in the lineage of Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Acidaminococcaceae Megamonas journal Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. volume 57 issue Pt 7 pages 1673 4 year 2007 month July pmid 17625216 doi 10.1099 ijs.0.65150 0 url http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 17625216 ref of bacterium bacteria . They are grouped together mainly based on genetic studies, which place them among the Firmicutes . Supporting this placement, several species are capable of forming endospore s. However, they differ from most other Firmicutes in having Gram negative stains. The cell wall composition is peculiar. Members of this family are all obligate anaerobe s, and occur in habitats such as rivers, lakes, and the intestines of vertebrates. They range from spherical forms, such as Megasphaera and Veillonella , to curved rods, as typified by the Selenomonad s. Selenomonas has a characteristic crescent shape, with flagella inserted on the concave side, while Sporomusa is similar but non motile. Their names refer to this distinctive morphology selene means moon, and musa means banana . The name Selenobacteria also refers to this group. Genera within this family have been placed in the wider family Veillonellaceae . References reflist Bacteria classification Category Clostridia Bacteria stub ca Acidaminococc cia es Acidaminococcaceae it Acidaminococcaceae ... more details
Richard Losick is an American molecular biology molecular biologist whose research interests include RNA polymerase , sigma factor s, regulation of gene transcription , and bacterial development, being especially noted for his investigations of endospore formation in Gram positive organisms such as Bacillus subtilis . Richard Losick is the Maria Moors Cabot Professor of Biology at Harvard University , and a director of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education . He was the 2007 recipient of the Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology from the United States National Academy of Sciences National Academy of Sciences . ref name Waksman cite web title Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology url http www.nasonline.org site PageServer?pagename AWARDS chemical sciences publisher National Academy of Sciences accessdate 27 February 2011 ref References Reflist External links http www.hhmi.org research professors losick bio.html Biography of Richard M. Losick on the Howard Hughes Medical Institute site Persondata NAME Losick, Richard ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Biologist DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Losick, Richard US biologist stub Category Living people Category Year of birth missing living people Category Harvard University faculty Category Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Category Howard Hughes Medical Investigators Category Place of birth missing living people Category National Academy of Sciences laureates ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Clostridium septicum image Clostridium septicum.tif image width image caption domain Bacteria divisio Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridia les familia Clostridiaceae genus Clostridium species C. septicum binomial Clostridium septicum binomial authority Clostridium septicum is a gram positive , endospore spore forming , obligate anaerobe obligate anaerobic bacterium. Clostridium septicum can cause gas gangrene , but unlike other Clostridium species like Clostridium perfringens , no trauma is necessary at the site of the infection. It is thought that the infection is established by hematogenous spread from the gastrointestinal tract. Gas gangrene caused by Clostridium septicum is associated with colorectal cancer and other defects of the bowel. ref Larson CM, Bubrick MP, Jacobs DM, West MA. Malignancy, mortality, and medicosurgical management of Clostridium septicum infection. Surgery. 1995 Oct 118 4 592 8. ref Clostridium septicum causes myonecrosis through the release of exotoxins such as the alpha toxin, lethal toxin, and hemolytic toxin ref cite book author Mahon, Connie R., Manuselis, George. title Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology, 2nd edition publisher Saunders year 2000 id ISBN 0 7216 7917 X ref References See http en.wikipedia.org wiki Wikipedia Footnotes for a discussion of different citation methods and how to generate footnotes using the ref & ref tags and the Reflist template Reflist 2 Category Clostridiaceae Category Gram positive bacteria bacteria stub de Clostridium septicum it Clostridium septicum nl Clostridium septicum ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Clostridiaceae regnum Bacterium Bacteria divisio Firmicutes classis Clostridia ordo Clostridia les familia Veillonellaceae familia authority Rogosa, 1971 subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Acetonema br Acidaminococcus br Allisonella br Anaeroarcus br Anaeroglobus br Anaeromusa br Anaerosinus br Anaerospora br Anaerovibrio br Centipeda br Dendrosporobacter br Desulfosporomusa br Dialister br Megamonas br Megasphaera br Mitsuokella br Pectinatus br Pelosinus br Phascolarctobacterium br Propionispira br Propionispora br Psychrosinus br Quinella bacterium Quinella br Schwartzia br Selenomonas br Sporomusa br Sporotalea br Succiniclasticum br Succinispira br Thermosinus br Veillonella br Zymophilus The Veillonellaceae are a family of the Clostridia , formerly known as Acidaminococcaceae. bacterium Bacteria in this family are grouped together mainly based on genetic studies, which place them among the Firmicutes . Supporting this placement, several species are capable of forming endospore s. However, they differ from most other Firmicutes in having Gram negative stains. The cell wall composition is peculiar. Members of this family are all obligate anaerobe s, and occur in habitats such as rivers, lakes, and the intestines of vertebrates. They range from spherical forms, such as Megasphaera and Veillonella , to curved rods, as typified by the Selenomonad s. Selenomonas has a characteristic crescent shape, with flagella inserted on the concave side, while Sporomusa is similar but non motile. Their names refer to this distinctive morphology selene means moon, and musa means banana . The name Selenobacteria also refers to some this group. Category Clostridia Category Veillonellaceae bacteria stub ... more details
, M., Ponce, A., Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2007, 39, 704 708. Applications of a rapid endospore viability ... Assay Yung, P.T., Kempf, M.J., Ponce, A., IEEE Aerospace Conference 2006. Towards an In Situ Endospore ..., M. Anal. Chem., 2002 in preparation . Bacterial Endospore Quantification using Lanthanide Dipicolinate ... more details
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