wiktionary endogamyEndogamy is the practice of Marriage marrying within a specific ethnic group citation needed date December 2010 , Social class class , or social group , rejecting others on such bases as being unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships. A Jewish people Jewish endogamist, for example, would require that a marriage be only with another Jew. Endogamy is common in many cultures and ethnic groups. Several ethnic religious groups are traditionally more endogamous, although sometimes with the added dimension of requiring marital conversion marital religious conversion ... endogamy as an inherent part of their religious beliefs and traditions. Adherence Proponents claim that endogamy encourages group affiliation and bonding. It is a common practice among diaspora ... be important to preserve when a group is attempting to establish itself within an alien culture . Endogamy ... people Romany gypsies and the Ashkenazi Jews of Europe, practise a higher level of endogamy. Famous ... the social organization of these groups. Islam , although against ethnic endogamy, typically enforces a limited form of religious endogamy. Muslim men may take wives from Christian and Jewish populations ... practices of endogamy may lead to a group s extinction rather than its survival when genetic ... their religion, the Samaritan s practice of endogamy now threatens this community refusal to intermarry ... group to decrease to fewer than one thousand. Social dynamics Endogamy also plays an important role .... This type of social endogamy is apparent in the United States because occupations have become a chief .... Citation needed date July 2008 Class endogamy affects social mobility children of top executives ... and promotion decisions. Elite families generally contribute to endogamy within big business, producing ... can create new hierarchies. Professions also establish endogamy A child growing with doctor parents ..., and Structural Endogamy Visualizing Networked Histories , University of California, Irvine. Academic ... more details
Generalize date November 2010 refimprove date November 2010 The British royal cousin marriages are considered an example of endogamy , or the practice of marrying within a specific class and social group, often for financial gain or influence in affairs of state. The handful of first cousin marriages was not out of the norm for their time. The marriage practices of the British monarchs is often incorrectly compared with other royal families in Europe such as the Habsburgs which were very inbred. There has never been a genetic disease in the British royal family that is related to cousin marriages. Unknown family relationship In only two cases first wife of James II and of Edward VIII is the familial relationship completely unknown. Neither woman was queen consort one died before her husband became king, and the other married after he abdicated . Both marriages were considered scandalous for their time. The first wife of James II was the only daughter of a wealthy man, but with no pedigree. The marriage did produce two future sovereign queens. Edward VIII married Wallis Simpson, and cited his desire to marry the twice divorced American woman as the reason for his abdication in 1936. First cousin marriages Richard III of England Richard III was portrayed by Shakespeare in Act IV, scene III of the play, Richard III, as planning to murder his present wife, Anne Neville , and plotting to marry his teenage niece, Elizabeth of York , and stop the War of the Roses . However, this proposed marriage seems to have been a rumor that Shakespeare used to make Richard III seem particularly evil, and there have been no marriages in British royalty closer than first cousin . ol li value 1 li 1299 The first royal marriage of first cousins once removed was between Edward I of England and his second wife Margaret of France died 1318 Margaret of France when Edward was age 60. li 1472 The second royal marriage of first cousins once removed was between Richard III of England and Anne Nevi ... more details
Summary This is a graph I made using the data collected by sociologist CN Le from his website http www.asian nation.org interracial.shtml here . The graph shows the disparity in male female Asian endogamy rates for Asian Americans of the 1.5 generation. I intend to use this picture in the interracial marriage article. The way I framed the data it doesn t easily fit into any section of the interracial marriage article. I may choose to nominate this picture for speedy delete and make a new one. sup i font color darkslateblue User Dark Tea Dark font i sup font color purple User Dark Tea Tea font 15 33, 14 June 2007 UTC Licensing GFDL self no disclaimers migration relicense ... more details
Summary Turkish nomad clan visualized with the nodes as marriages, upward links to parents all pairs of nodes are multiply connected through relinking marriages that create the boundaries of structural endogamy. Licensing PD self date October 2006 ... more details
Caste may refer to Caste social science , a hereditary system of occupation, endogamy, social culture, social class, and political power in human society. Eusociality Caste biology , a biologically distinct group within a species of Eusociality eusocial animal, most often insects. disambig ca Casta ... more details
Auto segregation self segregation is the Separatism separation of a religious or ethnic group from the rest of society in a Sovereign state state by the group itself. Through auto segregation, the members of the separate group can establish their own services, and maintain their own tradition s and Norm sociology customs . For example, some world tribe s have preferred to stay in Indian reservation reservation s and not to integrate with the rest of the state s population. By remaining in a reservation or on their original lands, they can preserve their language and belief s. On the other hand, some Supremacism supremacist groups self segregate to avoid integrating with other groups that they consider inferior. Racists, ultranationalists , different Hindu castes and other supremacist or Ethnocentrism ethno centric groups commonly segregate themselves from other communities through various practices like endogamy . The apartheid system in South Africa is an extreme example of this trend. Endogamy as self segregation main Endogamy Endogamy encourages group affiliation and bonding. It is a common practice among diaspora displanted cultures attempting to make roots in new countries whilst still resisting complete integration, as it encourages group solidarity and ensures greater control over group resources which may be important to preserve when a group is attempting to establish itself within an alien culture . However endogamy can also serve as a form of self segregation and helps a community to resist integrating with surrounding populations. It thus helps minorities to survive as separate communities over a long time, in societies with other practices and beliefs. Ethno religious groups which have successfully resisted complete integration for the longest, for example the Romani people Romany gypsies, the Ashkenazi Jews of Europe and the white people of South Africa , practise a higher level of endogamy. See also Hypersegregation Endogamy Interfaith marriage Suprem ... more details
unreferenced sociology article date December 2007 Exogamous group is a section of society within which marriages are prohibited. A marriage within an exogamous group is regarded as incestuous. Examples of exogamous groups are Gotra s and Clan s in the castes in India. Fi s among the Albanians Individuals with the same last name in China, or Chinese surname , Chinese clan See also Marriage Exogamy Endogamy Category Sociology sociology stub ... more details
Summary Village of Bel n Atzitzi mititl n within Apetatitl n de Antonio Carvajal , Mexico, visualized with the nodes as marriages, upward links to parents all pairs of nodes are multiply connected through relinking marriages that create the boundaries of structural endogamy. Marriages with blood kin are forbidden e.g., up to third cousins but a core of the villager relink. Licensing PD self date October 2006 ... more details
is that you limit membership to those born within the group. Babasheb ambedkar has evauated that the Endogamy ... as a sacrilege. In spite of the endogamy of the Castes within them, exogamy is strictly observed and that there are more rigorous penalties for violating exogamy then there are for violating endogamy. Thus the Superposition of endogamy on exogamy means the creation of caste. ref Manoranjan Mohanty ... of the surplus woman and surplus man widower in a caste and to maintain its endogamy. Strict endogamy could not be preserved without these customs, While caste without endogamy is fake. ref Nagendra ... Babasheb Ambedkar literally viewed as Origin of Caste means The Origin of the Mechanism for Endogamy ... more details
The Kalabaz are a Hindu caste found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India . They have scheduled caste status. ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 673 to 676 Manohar Publications ref Origin The word kalabaz in Hindi language Hindi means an acrobat, and the Kalabaz are an endogamy endogamous sub group within the larger Nat caste Nat caste of North India . Like other Nats, they claim to have originally been Rajput s, who lost caste after their defeat at the hands of the Mughal Empire . Those Nats who became acrobats over time evolved into a distinct community. Historically, the Kalabaz were a nomadic community, but have now been settled by the Indian government. They speak Hindi language Hindi , but have their own particular dialect. ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 673 to 676 Manohar Publications ref Present Circumstances The Kalabaz are strictly endogamy endogamous and practice clan exogamy . They are further divided into a number of exogamous sub divisions, known as gotra s, namely the Bakiya, Dariyabadi, Dibichia, Ghughasia, Goojre, Gulal, Jharbheria, Kala, Kingiriya, Kulba, Marora, Panchiya, Paharia and Sati. The main function of the gotra is to trace descent and to regulate their marriage alliances. ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 673 to 676 Manohar Publications ref The Kalabaz are a landless community, and are still involved in their traditional occupation of acrobatic performances. Many have seen a decline in their traditional occupation, and are employed as day labourers. Like other Hindu castes , each Kalabaz settlement contains a biradari panchayat , an informal caste association, which acts as an instrument of social control. See Also Nat caste Nat References reflist Dom people Category Social groups of Uttar Pradesh Category Indian castes Category Hindu communities Category Scheduled Castes o ... more details
The Jujhautiya Brahmin are an endogamy endogamous Brahmin community found the Chambal and Yamuna river valleys in the north, and the Narbada valley in the south. Chhatarpur District in Madhya Pradesh is the centra and cultural focus of this community. They are a sub group of the Kanyakubja Brahmin s. They are one of the more important communities in Bundelkhand . ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Two edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 658 to 665 Manohar Publications ref According to the community s traditions, they acquired the name Jujhautiya, when a group of Kanyakubja Brahmins performed a yajna for Jujhar Singh, the Bundela Rajah . Other traditions point to the fact that Bundelkhand was known as Jujhauti, and Jujhautia simply means the Brahmin s of Jujhauti in Sanskrit . In Uttar Pradesh , they are found mainly in the districts Hamirpur District Hamirpur and Banda District Banda . ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Two edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 658 to 665 Manohar Publications ref The practice endogamy and clan exogamy , like most Brahmin caste s. Their clans are known as pata , are placed into two groupings, Teen Ghars , consisting of the Tiwari, Chanke and Pande, and the Tera Ghar consisting of the Rawat, Richhariya, Misra, Pathak, Patairiya, Bhandairiya, Vajpai, Chaube, Nayak, Arajariya, Sullera, Dikhsit and the Tiwari of Aijhi. The Jujhautiya were at one time substantial landowners, and zamindar s of the estates of Gawrihar, Paldes, Navagaon, Bhesaunda, and Chaubepur Pahra. References reflist Category Social groups of Uttar Pradesh Category Brahmin communities of Uttar Pradesh Category Social groups of Madhya Pradesh ... more details
The Haddad also known as the Danoa are a Sahel ian Muslim ethnic group found through Nigeria , Chad and Sudan , numbering more than 250,000 individuals Fact date November 2007 . They live in the midst of other peoples and do not have their own language but speak the language of the surrounding community. The traditional employment of the community has always been blacksmithry. They are universally despised by all other ethnic groups, and live segregated, generally without any land or water rights, and are strictly Endogamy endogamous and are often considered untouchable by the members of other groups. These sentiments are reciprocated by the Haddad, who maintain a high view of their group. Recently, Haddad members, because of the decline of their monopoly of blacksmithry caused by importation, have started migrating to the Sudanese towns, living beside other ethnic groups. References Cite book author Olson, James Stuart title The Peoples of Africa An Ethnohistorical Dictionary publisher Greenwood Press year 1996 pages 216 id ISBN 0313279187 Category Ethnic groups in Chad Category Ethnic groups in Niger Category Ethnic groups in Sudan Category Muslim communities Africa ethno group stub ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group image File Thang Ta.jpg 200px caption Thang ta practitioner with spear and shield. group Ningthouja Manipuri Kshatriya pop 1,000,000 popplace Mostly in Manipur , also in Assam . languages Meitei language Meitei religions Hinduism related Rajput s, Kshatriya s Manipuri Kshatriya or Ningthouja is a Hindu Kshatriya caste from Manipur . They are divided in to seven exogamous clans yek salai Ningthouja, Angom, Luwang, Kuman, Khaba Nganba, Chenglei & Moirang. These clans are further divided in to several subclans or yumnaks. Each subclan is further divided in to lineages or sagei. They call themselves Khatriya and usually wear the sacred thread across the chest. Traditionally meat dishes were avoided, although fish was permitted. However nowadays consumption of meat is very common. Orthodox Meiteis eat food outside only when it is cooked by Brahmin s. They usually refuse to have food cooked by other castes. ref http books.google.co.in books?id bQQNCU QWBAC Tribes and castes of Manipur description and select bibliography By Sipra Sen ref Endogamy is generally followed, but Brahmin Kshatriya marriages are not that unusual. ref http books.google.com books?id XScmdGvMf7IC&pg PA277 ref See also Meitei people Kshatriya References reflist Kshatriya Communities Category Kshatriya Category Ethnic groups in Manipur ... more details
The Godha are Hindu caste found in the state of Gujarat in India . They are also known as Gondha and Gonda. The Godha use Dengar as a community surname. ref name people of india xxi People of India Gujarat Volume XXI Part One edited by R.B Lal, P.B.S.V Padmanabham, G Krishnan & M Azeez Mohideen pages 418 421 ref History and origin The Godha are descended from a group of Gondi people Gond tribals that migrated from Madhya Pradesh some five centuries ago. They are main distributed in Surat District Surat and Valsad District Valsad . The Godha now speak Gujarati language Gujarati . ref name people of india xxi Present circumstances The Godha practice community endogamy. They have no system of clans, or clan heirachy. The Godha are a landless community with their primary occupation is weaving blankets. Many are now involved in a number of occupations such tailoring while others are employed in the diamond cutting industry. The Godha are Hindu and have their own tribal goddeses such as Kan bai and Man bai. ref name people of india xxi See also Gondi people Gond References reflist Social groups of Gujarat Category Social groups of Gujarat Category Indian castes Category Tribal communities of Gujarat Category Hindu communities Category Indigenous peoples of India Hinduism stub ... more details
wiktionary In sociology Homogamy is marriage between individuals who are, in some culturally important way, similar to each other. Homogamy may be based on socio economic status, class, gender, ethnicity, or religion. ref http bitbucket.icaap.org dict.pl?term HOMOGAMY Homogamy . Online Dictionary of the Social Sciences . ref It is a form of assortative mating . It can also refer to the socialization customs of a particular group such that people who are similar in religion, class, gender, or culture tend to socialize with one another. Homogamy has been suggested as a term for same sex marriage or other union, and heterogamy as a term for marriage or union between people of different sexes. ref http www.unc.edu pnc JFTR2011.pdf Homogamy Unmodified, by Philip N. Cohen. Journal of Family Theory and Review 3 47 51 2011 . ref ref http www.connellodonovan.com abom.html The Abominable and Detestable Crime Against Nature A Revised History of Homosexuality & Mormonism, 1840 1980 2004 by Connell O Donovan. ref In biology Homogamy is used in biology in two separate senses, both involving actual or potential matings. Inbreeding can be referred to as homogamy. ref Walker, P.M.B. ed. 1988. The Wordsworth Dictionary of Science and Technology . W. R. Chambers Ltd. and Cambridge University Press. ref More often, homogamy refers to the maturation of male and female reproductive organs at the same time, which is also known as simultaneous or synchronous hermaphrodite hermaphrodism and is the antonym of dichogamy . See also Endogamy References references External links http www.just25words.co.uk images cq compatibility quotient.pdf Partner similarity and relationship satisfaction development of a compatibility quotient . Glenn Wilson psychologist Glenn D. Wilson & Jon M. Cousins. Sexual and Relationship Therapy , Vol 18, No. 2, 2003. Category Marriage socio stub biol stub de Homogamie es Homogamia fr Homogamie he nl Homogamie no Homogami pl Homogamia sv Homogami ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Empress Liu , personal name unknown died 326 , formally Empress Xianlie , literally the wise and achieving empress was an empress of the History of China Chinese Xiongnu state Han Zhao . She was Liu Yao s second empress. Very little is known about Empress Liu, who was created empress in 325. It was likely that she was ethnically Han Chinese Han , because if she were Xiongnu, Liu Yao would not likely have married her due to the prohibition against endogamy given that they had the same family name. When Empress Liu neared her own death in 326, Liu Yao asked her what her last requests were. She stated that she was raised by her uncle Liu Chang and wished that Liu Yao could grant him honors. She also stated that Empress Liu Fang Liu Fang , the daughter of her other uncle Liu Ai , was beautiful and virtuous, and she hoped that Liu Yao would create her empress. After her death, Liu Yao created Liu Chang a duke and married Liu Fang, creating her empress. Start box S roy cn Succession box title Empress of Han Zhao before Empress Yang Xianrong after Empress Liu Fang years 325 326 End box DEFAULTSORT Liu, Empress Category 326 deaths Category Han Zhao empresses Category 4th century women sh Carica Liu Liu Yao zh ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Empress Liu Fang was an empress of the History of China Chinese Xiongnu state Han Zhao . She was Liu Yao s third empress. It was likely that she was ethnically Han Chinese Han , because if she were Xiongnu, Liu Yao would not likely have married her due to the prohibition against endogamy given that they had the same family name. Liu Fang was the cousin of Liu Yao s Empress Liu Liu Yao second empress , also named Liu. When the older Empress Liu neared her death in 326, she recommended Liu Fang to Liu Yao as his next empress, praising her as beautiful and virtuous. After her death, Liu Yao married Liu Fang and created her empress. Nothing further is said about her in historical records, and it is not known whether she survived to, or survived, Han Zhao s destruction by Later Zhao in 329. Start box S roy cn S bef rows 2 before Empress Liu Liu Yao Empress Liu S ttl title Empress of Han Zhao years 326 329 ? S non reason Dynasty ended S ttl title Empress of China Western years 326 329 ? S aft after Empress Liu Ming Empress Liu of Later Zhao End box DEFAULTSORT Liu Fang, Empress Category Han Zhao empresses Category 4th century women zh ... more details
In ancient Greece Epigamia Greek language , designated the legal right to contract a marriage. In particular it strongly regulated the right of intermarrying between different states. Traditionally, intermarriage between different states was not allowed, and only a special authorization a decree of the popular assembly could permit it. In the case of Athens , even resident aliens metoecci did not have this right to marry Athenians. Epigamia was also a way of formalizing the relationship between different nations. Typically, an epigamia agreement would allow the adoption of the nationality of the country of residence, for the spouse as well as children. For example, Athens granted epigamia to Evia Euboa in the 5th century, a very rare case. Some cases are known especially through Plutarch , in which epigamia was denied between two villages of Attica , Pallini Pallene and Hagnous, presumably because alliances would have been akin to endogamy. In 303 BCE, Seleucus I led an army to the Indus in India , where he encountered Chandragupta. The confrontation ended with a peace treaty, and an intermarriage agreement Epigamia, Greek , meaning either a dynastic marriage or a more general agreement for intermarriage between Indians and Greeks. Accordingly, Seleucus ceded to Chandragupta his northwestern territories as far as Arachosia and received 500 war elephants which played a key role in the victory of Seleucus at the Battle of Ipsus The Indians occupy in part some of the countries situated along the Indus, which formerly belonged to the Persians Alexander deprived the Ariani of them, and established there settlements of his own. But Seleucus Nicator gave them to Sandrocottus in consequence of a marriage contract, and received in return five hundred elephants. Strabo 15.2.9 ref http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?doc Perseus 3Atext 3A1999.01.0239&query head 3D 23120 Strabo 15.2.9 ref Ancient Greece stub Notes references Category Ancient Greek society ... more details
The Gadhvi, sometimes also pronounced Garvi are a Hindu caste found in the state of Gujarat in India . ref People of India Gujarat Volume XXII Part One edited by R.B Lal, S.V Padmanabham & A Mohideen page 389 to 392 Popular Prakashan ref Origin The community is said to have migrated from Rajasthan to Junagadh some two hundred years ago. They were the traditional genealogists of a number of Hindu communities in Saurashtra and Kutch . The Gadhvi are now found mainly in Junagadh and Bhavnagar District Bhavnagar . ref People of India Gujarat Volume XXII Part One edited by R.B Lal, S.V Padmanabham & A Mohideen page 389 to 392 Popular Prakashan ref Present Circumstances The Gadhvi maintain community endogamy and clan exogamy. They have five exogamous clans, being the Parmar, Jadhav, Gohil, Leuva and Kabaria. All these clans are of equal status. ref People of India Gujarat Volume XXII Part One edited by R.B Lal, S.V Padmanabham & A Mohideen page 389 to 392 Popular Prakashan ref The Gadhvi were traditionally genealogists, but many are now small and medium sized farmers. Many are now also engaged in animal husbandry. A great number are now being urbanized, and taking up a number of urban professions. See Also Barot Charan Reference reflist Social groups of Gujarat Category Social groups of Gujarat Category Hindu communities Category Tribes of Kutch ... more details
multiple issues primarysources February 2009 refimprove February 2009 Memons in South Africa form a prosperous Muslim subgroup pop approx 16000 http wmoafrica.co.za download location information.doc in that country s Indians in South Africa Indian community, and are largely descended from Kathiawadi Memon Memons from Kathiawar who immigrated as traders, early in the 20th century from Undivided India India . Villages and towns that South African Memons originated from include Porbander , Bhanvad , Ranavav and Jodiya . Mahatma Gandhi who came from Porbander was hired as a lawyer by a South African Memon businessman. It was in South Africa that Gandhi launched his political activities. Memons played a major role in the promotion of Islam in South Africa , and there have been rivalries for the management of local mosques http www.docstoc.com docs 18748171 we are arabs from gujarat between Memons and Surti Muslims Surtis , who are Gujarati speaking Sunni Muslims. This is primarily due to the different Maslak path Deobandi and Barelvi , although these are far less prominent than they were in the past. Although the Memon language Memon language language is not widely spoken by younger Memons in South Africa, South African Memons continue to maintain a strong although slowly eroding Memon identity. Already, few younger Memons are even aware of the different towns from which their ancestors came. Although the early Memons practiced endogamy marrying within their social group, including ancestral village , intermarriage between different Memon groups and other Sunni Muslims is now widely accepted, mirroring a similar integration among Gujarati Hindu groups from Surat and Shauarashtra http pdfserve.informaworld.com 751428 928134720.pdf . Memon organisations in South Africa include the Memon Association of South Africa formerly the Memon Association of the Transvaal , and the Natal Memon Jamaat http www.memon.com html events fimc ARMoti.htm . Chief Justice of South Africa Ismai ... more details
The Shershahabadi are a Muslim community found in the state of Bihar in India . They are part of the larger Shaikh of Bihar Shaikh community of Bihar . Common surnames used by the community include Mandal and Sekh. They are also known as Bhatia or Sissobadia. ref name S Gopal pages 876 People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 876 to 877 Seagull Books ref History and origin The word Shershahabadia literally means those settled on the land by Sher Shah. They acquired this name on account of the fact that this community was settled in the Purnia Division by the Muslim ruler Sher Shah Suri . According to other traditions, the community are a sub group of the Bedia tribe Bedia community of West Bengal . The community is said to have originated in the districts of Malda District Malda and Murshidabad District Murshidabad in what is now West Bengal . They form a sub group within the larger Shaikh of Bihar Bengali Shaikh community. The Shershahabadia still speak Bengali language Bengali , but most now have knowledge of Hindi , which is the official language of Bihar . They live mainly in the districts of Purnea and Katihar . ref name S Gopal pages 876 Present circumstances The Shershahabadia practice community endogamy. Cross cousin and parallel cousin marriages are prevalent. They are a community of settled agriculturist, but as their population has grown, the land ownership has been sub divided. This has led to many becoming landless, and a growth of those in the community who are agricultural labourers. The community is entirely Sunni Muslim , with a majority belonging t.o the Barelvi sub sect. Their customs are similar to other Shaikh of Bihar Shaikh groups in north east Bihar . ref name S Gopal pages 876 See also Shaikh of Bihar Bihari Muslims References reflist Indian Muslim DEFAULTSORT Shaikh Of Bihar Category Social groups of Bihar Category Muslim communities of India Category Muslim communities of Bihar Category Muhajir commun ... more details
The Churihar are a Muslim community, found in North India . ref People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 243 to 244 Seagull Books ref Origin The word Churihar us derived from the Hindi word chura hara , literally a manufacturer of bangles. They were traditionally associated with the manufacture of bangles, and have no origin myth. It is likely, that they are amalgam of different groups who took to manufacturing bangles, and are now bound by rules of endogamy . The community may be related to the Manihar , another community of bangle manufacturers. They are Sunni Muslim s, and speak Urdu , as well of local dialects of Hindi , such as Khari Boli . The Churihar are further divided into clans, known as biradaris . Traditionally, marriages take place within the biradari. Their main biradaris are the Baksarya, Shaikh, Bais, Chauhan, Banait and Kanaujiya. ref People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 243 to 244 Seagull Books ref Present Circumstances The Churihar in Bihar are found mainly in the districts of Bhagalpur , Dumka , Gaya, India Gaya , Munger and Patna . They speak the Angika dialect of Hindi . In Uttar Pradesh , they are found in the districts of Agra District Agra , Mathura District Mathura , Allahabad District Allahabad , Lalitpur District Lalitpur and Jhansi District Jhansi . Most Churihar claim to be of Shaikh of Bihar Shaikh status. Like other Muslim artisan castes, the community no longer practice their traditional occupations. The Churihar are now mainly farmers, and Uttar Pradesh , many are also hide merchants. They live in multi caste villages, but occupy their own quarters. Each settlement contains an informal caste council, known as panchayat s, which act as instrument of social control. ref People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 243 to 244 Seagull Books ref See also Manihar References reflist Indian Muslim Category Social groups of B ... more details
ethnic group group Lakhera poptime 162,000 ref http www.joshuaproject.net peoples.php?peo3 17445 ref popplace flagcountry India langs Haryanvi Hindi language Hindi rels Hinduism 100 related Chundrigar Manihar The Lakhera are a Hindu caste found in North India . They are a community traditionally associated with bangle making. ref People of India Hayana Volume XXIII edited by M.L Sharma and A.K Bhatia pages 324 to 328 Manohar ref Origin The Lakhera get their name from the Sanskrit laksha kuru meaning a worker in lac. According to their mythologies, the community was created by the dirt washed from the body of the goddess Parvati .Other traditions make them out to be Yaduvanshi Rajput s. They are said to have originated in Bulandshahr District in Uttar Pradesh , and then spread to Haryana , Rajasthan and Punjab India Punjab . The community in Uttar Pradesh speak Hindi language Hindi , while in Haryana they speak Haryanvi . ref People of India Hayana Volume XXIII edited by M.L Sharma and A.K Bhatia pages 324 to 328 Manohar ref Present circumstances The Lakhera community consists of a number of clans, the main ones being the Chauhan, Bhati, Nainvaya, Bagri, Nagoriya, Parihar, Solanki, Hatadiya and Atariya etc. They are an endogamy endogamous community, and each clan is exogamy exogamous . The majority of the Lakhera are still involved in the manufacture and sellng of bangles. Some members of the community are now shopkeepers. The Lakhera are Hindu , and have customs similar to other North India n Hindu s. They live in multi caste villages, occupying their own distinct quuarters. ref People of India Hayana Volume XXIII edited by M.L Sharma and A.K Bhatia pages 324 to 328 Manohar ref In Uttar Pradesh , the community is found mainly in the south and east of the state. They are found mainly in Jalaun District Jalaun , Hamirpur District Hamirpur , Lalitpur District Lalitpur and Jhansi District Jhansi . ref Tribes and Castes of North Western Provinces and Oudh Volume III by W ... more details
The Basor are a Hindu caste found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India . They are also known as Dumar, and have scheduled caste status. ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das page 212 to 215 Manohar Publications ref Origin The Basor are a sub division within the Dom community, who were traditionally involved in the manufacture of bamboo furniture. Their name means a worker in bamboo. The Basor are found mainly in the districts of Jalaun District Jalaun , Hamirpur District Hamirpur , Jhansi District Jhansi and Banda District Banda . They speak Bundelkhandi , although most can also understand Hindi . ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das page 212 to 215 Manohar Publications ref Present circumstances The Basor practice strict community endogamy, as well as clan exogamy, which a common practice among most North India n Hindu s. Their clans are called gotra s, the main ones being the Bahmangot, Dhuneb, Katahriya, Sikarwar, Samangot, Sonach and Supa. Marriages do not occur with the Muslim Bansphor community. The Basor live in multi caste villages, but occupy their own distinct quarters. Each of their settlement contains an informal caste council, known as a panchayat . The panchayat is headed by a pradhan, a position which is heredity. In addition, there is an overarching panchayat of between three and four villages, which headed by a chaudhary. The panchayat resolves any intra community dispute, as well as acting an instrument of social control. They are Hindu s and have Lakshmi and Durga as their tribal deities. ref People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das page 212 to 215 Manohar Publications ref The Basor are marginal farmers and sharecroppers. Their traditional occupation was basket making and animal husbandry. Like other artisan castes, they have seen in their traditional occupation, with a concurrent rise in the number of daily wage labour ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
