Refimprove date June 2011 Infobox Disease Name Encephalitis Image Hsv encephalitis.jpg Caption Coronal ... was consistent with encephalitis. PCR was repeated on the biopsy specimen and was positive ... syphilis Encephalitis is an Acute medical acute inflammation of the Human brain brain . Encephalitis ... s or convulsions , tremors , hallucinations , and memory problems . Cause Viral main Viral encephalitis Viral encephalitis can occur either as a direct effect of an acute infection, or as one of the sequelae of a latent infection. The most common causes of viral encephalitis are rabies virus , Herpes .... Louis encephalitis virus or West Nile virus , or by Togaviridae such as Eastern equine encephalitis virus EEE virus , Western equine encephalitis virus WEE virus or Venezuelan equine encephalitis ... meningitis , spreading directly to the brain primary encephalitis , or may be a complication of a current infectious disease syphilis secondary encephalitis . Certain parasitic or protozoa l infestations, such as toxoplasmosis , malaria , or primary amoebic meningoencephalitis , can also cause encephalitis ... henselae may also cause encephalitis. Another cause is granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Diagnosis Adult patients with encephalitis present with acute onset of fever, headache, confusion, and sometimes ... than encephalitis. Bleeding is also uncommon except in patients with herpes simplex type 1 encephalitis. Magnetic resonance imaging offers better resolution. In patients with herpes simplex encephalitis ... of herpes simplex encephalitis. In patients who are very sick, supportive treatment, such as mechanical .... Encephalitis lethargica main Encephalitis lethargica Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis which caused an epidemic from 1918 to 1930. Those who survived sank into a semi conscious ... encephalitis In a large number of cases, called limbic encephalitis , the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the limbic system a collection of structures at the base of the brain ... more details
Equine encephalitis may be caused by several viruses Eastern equine encephalitis virus Western equine encephalitis virus West Nile virus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus disambig Category Horse diseases de Pferdeenzephalomyelitis ... more details
with the H standing for Herpes simplex. See also Encephalitis Virus List of central nervous system infections References Reflist Viral diseases Diseases of the nervous system Category Encephalitis Category Viral encephalitis ar fr Enc phalite virale ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Limbic encephalitis Image Brain limbicsystem.jpg Caption The limbic system within the brain. DiseasesDB 30707 ICD10 ICD10 G 13 1 g 10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D020363 Limbic encephalitis is a form of encephalitis . In a small number of cases, the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the limbic system a collection of structures at the base of the brain responsible for emotions and many other basic functions , often causing memory deficits similar to those observed in Alzheimer s disease or Creutzfeldt Jakob disease although limbic encephalitis does not cause the same cognitive deficits as these diseases. ref http www.uiowa.edu c064s01 nr059.htm nradnormal.html Bot generated title ref However, for 20 of people with the diagnosis of limbic encephalitis an MRI will not show any neurological abnormalities ref name communityoncology.net http www.communityoncology.net journal articles 0408491.pdf Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with small cell lung cancer Bot generated title ref 60 of the time, limbic encephalitis is paraneoplastic in origin. ref name communityoncology.net Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis PLE is a particularly severe form of limbic encephalitis caused by neoplasms most commonly associated with small cell lung carcinoma. Whereas the majority of encephalitides are virus viral in nature, PLE is often associated with cancer . In fact, it is thought that up to 1 in 100 people with cancer have paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis which is commonly misdiagnosed as neurological diseases such as Alzheimer s. ref http www.postgradmed.com issues 2005 05 05 barrett tab1.htm Barrett Table 1 Bot generated title ref References references External links Medcyclopaedia vi 1 l limbic encephalitis Paraneoplastic syndromes Category Encephalitis medicine stub pl Zapalenie uk adu limbicznego ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 A 83 a 80 ICD10 A 84 a 80 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D004671 Arbovirus encephalitis refers to encephalitis that is caused by arbovirus infection . ref name cdc cite web title Information on Arboviral Encephalitides publisher Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases, Center for Disease Control url http www.cdc.gov ncidod dvbid arbor arbdet.htm accessdate 2011 02 14 ref There are many types of Arboviral encephalitides found in the United States . ref name pmid6769260 cite journal author Shope RE title Arbovirus related encephalitis journal Yale J Biol Med volume 53 issue 1 pages 93 9 year 1980 pmid 6769260 pmc 2595845 doi url ref Examples include California encephalitis Japanese encephalitis St. Louis encephalitis Tick borne encephalitis West Nile fever References reflist Viral diseases Zoonotic viral diseases CNS diseases of the nervous system Category Encephalitis cy Enseffalitis arbofirws ... more details
Encephalitis vaccine can refer to Tick borne encephalitis vaccine Japanese encephalitis vaccine disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
main Tick borne meningoencephalitis Infobox Disease Name Powassan encephalitis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 A 84 8 a 80 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Powassan encephalitis is a form of arbovirus that results from tick bites. Presentation Symptoms manifest within 7 10 days and include fever, headache, partial paralysis, confusion, nausea and even coma. Prognosis There is currently no established treatment. ref name pmid18959500 cite journal author Hinten SR, Beckett GA, Gensheimer KF, et al. title Increased recognition of Powassan encephalitis in the United States, 1999 2005 journal Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. volume 8 issue 6 pages 733 40 year 2008 month December pmid 18959500 doi 10.1089 vbz.2008.0022 ref Half of all cases results in permanent neurological damage and 10 15 result in death. References reflist Zoonotic viral diseases Tick borne diseases med stub Category Viral encephalitis Category Tick borne diseases ... more details
Infobox disease Name Japanese Encephalitis Image Caption DiseasesDB 7036 ICD10 ICD10 A 83 0 a 80 ICD9 ... group iv familia Flaviviridae genus Flavivirus species Japanese encephalitis virus Japanese encephalitis lang ja , Nihon n en previously known as Japanese B encephalitis to distinguish it from Constantin von Economo von Economo s A encephalitis is a disease caused by the mosquito borne Japanese encephalitis virus. The Japanese encephalitis virus is a virus from the family Flaviviridae . Domestic ... is most prevalent in Southeast Asia and the Far East . Signs and symptoms Japanese encephalitis ... only 1 in 250 infections develop into encephalitis. Severe rigors mark the onset of this disease ... mediators released by activated microglia induces neuronal death in Japanese encephalitis journal Glia ... fever, lethargy and anorexia. ref name WikiVet http en.wikivet.net Japanese Encephalitis Virus Japanese Encephalitis Virus reviewed and published by WikiVet , accessed 11 October 2011. ref Evolution The virus ... phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of Muar strain of Japanese encephalitis virus reveal it is the missing ... The causative agent Japanese encephalitis virus is an enveloped virus of the genus flavivirus and is closely related to the West Nile virus and St. Louis encephalitis virus. The positive sense single ... polymerase. It has been noted that the Japanese encephalitis virus JEV infects the lumen anatomy ... v13 n3 full 4401833a.html ref ref cite journal author Su HL, Liao CL, Lin YL title Japanese encephalitis ... substantial amounts of viral proteins for the JEV. Japanese Encephalitis is diagnosed by detection ... encephalitis virus specific IgM antibodies journal J Postgrad Med volume 54 issue 3 pages 181 5 year ... 60 complete genomes of this virus have been sequenced as of 2010. Prevention Main Japanese encephalitis ... brain, ref name pmid18564023 cite journal author Jelinek T title Japanese encephalitis vaccine in travelers ... cite journal author Gambel JM, DeFraites R, Hoke C, et al. year 1995 title Japanese encephalitis vaccine ... more details
Infobox disease Name Encephalitis lethargica Image Economo.jpg Caption First described by Constantin ... eMedicineTopic MeshID Encephalitis lethargica or von Economo disease is an atypical form of encephalitis ... Wochenschrift , May 10, 1917, 30 581 585. Die Encephalitis lethargica. Leipzig and Vienna, Franz ... RA, et al. title Encephalitis lethargica syndrome 20 new cases and evidence of basal ganglia autoimmunity ... nine 000952335 Encephalitis lethargica ref an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica spread around .... ref name Stryker 1925 cite journal author Stryker Sue B. title Encephalitis lethargica the behavior ... the enigma of von Economo s encephalitis lethargica journal J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. volume ... Encephalitis lethargica is characterized by high fever , sore throat, headache , Diplopia double ... Vilensky JA, Goetz CG, Gilman S title Movement disorders associated with encephalitis lethargica ... Parkinson s disease may develop after a bout of encephalitis, sometimes as long as a year after the start of the illness. Cause The cause of encephalitis lethargica is not known for certain ... The relationship between encephalitis lethargica and influenza A critical analysis journal J. Neurovirol ... is due to an immune system immune reaction . In this study, many of the people with encephalitis lethargica ... to prior streptococcal pharyngitis streptococcal throat . They hypothesised that encephalitis lethargica ... patients with encephalitis lethargica binding to neuron s in the basal ganglia and mid brain . Western blot Western immunoblotting showed that 95 of encephalitis lethargica patients had autoantibodies ... author Vilensky JA, Foley P, Gilman S title Children and encephalitis lethargica a historical review ... Levodopa.png thumb L DOPA Treatment for encephalitis lethargica in the early stages is patient stabilization ... of two cases of encephalitis lethargica journal Mov. Disord. volume 12 issue 3 pages 354 ..., the wikt amelioration amelioration of the disease was short lived. The course of encephalitis ... more details
Infobox disease Name Rasmussen s encephalitis Image CT scan Rasmussen s encephalitis.png Caption Brain CT scan of a girl with Rasmussen s encephalitis. DiseasesDB 33757 ICD10 http www.who.int classifications apps icd icd10online ?gg00.htm g048 G04.8 ICD9 ICD9 323.81 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Rasmussen s encephalitis , also known as chronic focal encephalitis CFE , is a rare ... s, loss of motor skill s and speech, hemiparesis paralysis on one side of the body , encephalitis inflammation ... occurs in children under the age of 15. Causes and pathophysiology In Rasmussen s encephalitis ... of Rasmussen encephalitis a European consensus statement journal Brain volume 128 pages 454 471 ... to glutamate receptor GluR3 in Rasmussen s encephalitis journal Science volume 265 issue 5172 pages ... to glutamate receptor type 3 GluR3 in Rasmussen encephalitis journal Neurology volume 63 issue ... in a subset of patients with Rasmussen s encephalitis. ref name pmid15987271 cite journal author ... with Rasmussen s encephalitis and chronic progressive epilepsia partialis continua journal Epilepsia ... Kazumi last9 Fukushima first9 Katsuyuki ref Rasmussen s encephalitis has been recorded with a neurovisceral ... V, Watemberg N, Lev D, Ganor Y, Levite M, Lerman Sagie T. Acute intermittent porphyria, Rasmussen encephalitis ... thumb 350px right Brain MRI of a patient, female, 8 years old, with Rasmussen s encephalitis ... continua . There is progression of the encephalitis the left cerebral hemisphere has been involved ... coauthors Cortez, Andermann, Hwang, Fish title Medical treatment of Rasmussen syndrome chronic encephalitis ... D title Focal seizures due to chronic localized encephalitis journal Neurology volume 8 issue 6 pages ... to assist families with children who have Rasmussen s Encephalitis and other conditions that require ... s Project was founded in 2010 to increase awareness of Rasmussen s Encephalitis. Its primary purpose ... source. Category Encephalitis Category Epilepsy ar cs Rasmussenova encefalitida ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Herpesviral encephalitis Image Hsv encephalitis.jpg Caption coronal T2 weighted MR image shows high signal in the temporal lobes including hippocampal formations and parahippogampal gyrae, insulae, and right inferior frontal gyrus. A brain biopsy was performed and the histology was consistent with encephalitis. PCR was repeated on the biopsy specimen and was positive for HSV DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 B 00 4 b 00 ICD9 ICD9 054.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Herpesviral encephalitis is encephalitis associated with herpes simplex virus . Herpes simplex encephalitis HSE is a rare, but severe viral infection of the human central nervous system . It is estimated to affect at least 1 in 500,000 individuals per year. ref name pmid16675036 cite journal author Whitley RJ title Herpes simplex encephalitis adolescents and adults journal Antiviral Res. volume 71 issue 2 3 pages 141 8 year 2006 pmid 16675036 doi 10.1016 j.antiviral.2006.04.002 ref The majority of cases of herpes encephalitis are caused by herpes simplex virus 1 HSV 1 , the same virus that causes cold sores. 57 of American adults are infected with HSV 1, ref cite journal last Xu first ... people never have cold sores. About 10 of cases of herpes encephalitis are due to HSV 2, which is spread ... title Viral encephalitis familiar infections and emerging pathogens journal Lancet volume 359 issue ... of virus in herpes simplex encephalitis. journal Br Med J volume 281 issue 6252 pages 1392 year ... encephalitis should be treated with aciclovir immediately while waiting for test results. Herpesviral Encephalitis can be treated with high dose intravenous Aciclovir . Without treatment, HSE results ... virus can be spread, encephalitis itself is not infectious. Other viruses can cause similar symptoms of encephalitis, though usually milder Herpesviridae human herpes virus 6 , varicella zoster virus ... Herpes Category Viral diseases Category Viral encephalitis Viral diseases CNS diseases of the nervous ... more details
disease Name La Crosse encephalitis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 A 83 5 a 80 ICD9 ICD9 062.5 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID La Crosse encephalitis is an encephalitis ... encephalitis in children journal N. Engl. J. Med. volume 344 issue 11 pages 801 7 year 2001 month March ... Possible congenital infection with La Crosse encephalitis virus West Virginia, 2006 2007 journal ... CDC ref History expand section date January 2011 La Crosse LAC encephalitis was discovered in La ... Atlantic states. During an average year, about 75 cases of LAC encephalitis are reported to the CDC. Most cases of LAC encephalitis occur in children under 16 years of age. LAC virus is a Bunyavirus ... . Historically, most cases of LAC encephalitis occur in the upper Midwestern states Minnesota ... regions of the country. It has long been suspected that LAC encephalitis has a broader distribution ... by mosquitoes include Western and Eastern Equine Encephalitis , Japanese Encephalitis , St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Virus . Symptoms expand section date January 2011 Symptom s include nausea ... in severe cases. LAC encephalitis initially presents as a nonspecific summertime illness with fever ... after recovery. Death from LAC encephalitis occurs in less than 1 of clinical cases. In many clinical ... etiologies. Since there is no specific treatment for LAC encephalitis, physicians often do ... meningitis or viral encephalitis of unknown etiology. Like with many infection s, the very young ... No specific therapy is available at present for La Crosse encephalitis, and management is limited ... ribavirin is effective against La Crosse encephalitis virus in the laboratory ,and several studies in patients with severe, brain biopsy confirmed, La Crosse encephalitis are ongoing. References Reflist External links http www.encephalitis.info The Encephalitis Society A comprehensive resource on Encephalitis ... ncidod dvbid arbor lacfact.htm CDC Fact Sheet La Crosse Encephalitis http www.dhpe.org infect lacenceph.html ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name California encephalitis virus virus group v familia Bunyaviridae genus Orthobunyavirus species California encephalitis virus Infobox disease Name California encephalitis virus Image Caption uuu DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 A 83 5 a 80 ICD9 ICD9 062.5 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D004670 California encephalitis virus was discovered in Kern County, California and causes encephalitis in humans. ref name pmid13009479 cite journal author HAMMON WM, REEVES WC title California encephalitis virus, a newly described ... doi url ref Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain that can cause minor symptoms, such as headaches ... this virus is known as an arbovirus arthropod borne virus . California encephalitis virus belongs to the Bunyaviridae family of viruses. The La Crosse encephalitis La Crosse Virus is the most common form of encephalitis virus in the United States. Other related viruses include California encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile virus West Nile Virus . History .... Two years later the first human cases of encephalitis were attributed to this new virus. Three ... article 234159 overview California Encephalitis CNS Infections , Dec 2008 ref In all ... antibodies linked to California encephalitis. ref name 2A cite journal author Eldridge BF, Glaser C, Pedrin RE, Chiles RE title The First Reported Case of California Encephalitis in More Than ... encephalitis is a rare cause of disease in the Western World. This is due to the fact ... California encephalitis have been reported. ref name 2A ref The original California Encephalitis ... of arboviral encephalitis were caused by California serogroup viruses as were reported for Western equine encephalitis virus western equine encephalomyelitis viruses, St. Louis encephalitis, and eastern ... the transmission and control of disease of arboviral encephalitis like those of the California ... more details
Sappinia amoebic encephalitis SAE is the name for amoebic encephalitis caused by species of Sappinia . ref cite pmid 19657454 ref The causative organism was originally identified as Sappinia diploidea , ref cite pmid 11368696 ref ref name pmid14575235 cite pmid 14575235 ref but is now considered to be Sappinia pedata . ref cite pmid 19302010 ref It has been treated with azithromycin , pentamidine , itraconazole , and flucytosine . ref name pmid14575235 References Reflist 2 Amoebozoa diseases CNS diseases of the nervous system Category Encephalitis Category Protozoal diseases Disease stub ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name Tick borne meningoencephalitis virus virus group iv familia Flaviviridae genus Flavivirus species Tick borne meningoencephalitis virus Tick borne encephalitis virus is the virus associated with Tick borne encephalitis . The responsible virus, Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus TBEV , is a member of the genus Flavivirus . Other close relatives include Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, Kyasanur forest disease virus, Alkhurma virus , Louping ill virus and the Langat virus . TBE virus has three subtypes a Western European subtype formerly Central European encephalitis virus, CEEV principal tick vector Ixodes ricinus b Siberian subtype formerly West Siberian virus principal tick vector Ixodes persulcatus c Far Eastern subtype formerly Russian Spring Summer encephalitis virus, RSSEV principal tick vector Ixodes persulcatus . ref Cite book last1 Goodman first1 Jesse L. last2 Dennis first2 David T. last3 Sonenshine first3 Daniel E. title Tick Borne Diseases of Humans year 2005 publisher ASM Press location Washington, DC isbn 1 55581 238 4 page 151 chapter Tick Borne Encephalitis lastauthoramp & ref The reference strain is the Sofjin strain. ref name Kovalev Kovalev SY, Mukhacheva TA, Kokorev VS, Belyaeva IV 2011 Tick borne encephalitis virus reference strain Sofjin and problem of its authenticity. Virus Genes ref References Reflist External links MeshName Encephalitis Viruses, Tick Borne Zoonotic viral diseases Category Flaviviruses virus stub de FSME Virus fr TBEV hr Virus krpeljnog meningoencefalitisa ... more details
Taxobox color violet name St. Louis Encephalitis Virus image St. Louis Encephalitis SLE virus EM PHIL ... Encephalitis Virus Infobox disease Name St. Louis encephalitis Image Caption DiseasesDB 29860 ICD10 ... St. Louis Encephalitis is a disease caused by the Culex mosquito borne St. Louis Encephalitis virus . St. Louis encephalitis virus is related to Japanese encephalitis virus and is a member of the Flaviviridae ... in autumn an encephalitis epidemic of explosive proportions broke out in the vicinity of St. Louis, Missouri .... Louis encephalitis virus. Infected mosquitoes then transmit the St. Louis encephalitis virus to humans and animals during the feeding process. The St. Louis encephalitis virus grows both in the infected ... can transmit St. Louis encephalitis virus. Once a human has been infected with the virus it is not transmissible ... infection. Epidemiology Image St louis encephalitis map.PNG thumb right 300px Human incidence of St. Louis encephalitis in the United States, 1964 1998 In the United States an average of 128 cases of St. Louis encephalitis are recorded annually. In temperate areas of the United States, St. Louis encephalitis ... the climate is milder St. Louis encephalitis can occur year round. Treatment There are no vaccines or any other treatments specifically for St. Louis encephalitis virus, although one study showed that early ... Louis encephalitis viral strains isolated in California. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ..., Chandler LJ. 2001 Phylogenetic analysis of the envelope gene of St. Louis encephalitis virus. Archives ... P, Bueno R Jr, Randle Y, Chandler L, Barrett AD. 2008 Genetic variation of St. Louis encephalitis ..., Perkins SL. 2008 Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of St. Louis encephalitis virus genomes. Molecular ... of St. Louis encephalitis virus in the Americas. Infect Genet Evol 9 4 709 715 ref The virus seems ... Your Questions About St. Louis Encephalitis http www.emedicine.com MED topic3157.htm Online article ... St. Louis Encephalitis Category Encephalitis Category Flaviviruses Category Viral infections of the central ... more details
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis CAE is a Lentivirus lentiviral infection of goats which may lead to Chronic medicine chronic disease of the joints and on rare occasions encephalitis . The symptoms of this disease are varied. Mature goats can develop arthritis and find walking painful. The knee joints may be inflamed and swollen, and the goats will slowly lose condition. In some cases they will not be able to stand. As of 2009 there is no known cure. Goats which test positive for the disease are typically separated from the rest of the herd. Sources http www.vet.uga.edu VPP clerk logan index.php http www.vetmed.wsu.edu depts waddl caefaq.aspx Category Sheep and goat diseases ... more details
in most countries. ref name pmid18761916 cite journal author Suss J title Tick borne encephalitis ... Encephalitis Virus Tickborne Encephalitis Virus reviewed and published by WikiVet , accessed 12 October 2011. ref Presentation The virus can infect the brain encephalitis , the meninges meningitis or both meningoencephalitis . ref name pmid18755391 cite journal author Kaiser R title Tick borne encephalitis ... cite journal author Dumpis U, Crook D, Oksi J title Tick borne encephalitis journal Clin. Infect. Dis ... by tick borne encephalitis virus, a member of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae ... encephalitis virus, Siberian tick borne encephalitis virus, and Far Eastern tick borne encephalitis virus formerly known as Russian spring summer encephalitis virus . Russia and Europe report about 5,000 ... in Lithuanian forest, warning about a high probability to be infected by Tick borne encephalitis ... A title Vaccines for preventing tick borne encephalitis journal Cochrane Database Syst Rev issue ... 2 External links http wwwn.cdc.gov travel yellowBookCh4 Tickborne.aspx Tickborne encephalitis at Centers ... DEFAULTSORT Tick Borne Encephalitis Category Encephalitis Category Viral infections of the central nervous system Category Flaviviruses Category Viral encephalitis Category Tick borne diseases Link ... encefalitas hu Kullancs encephalitis nl Fr hsommer Meningoenzephalitis pl Kleszczowe zapalenie m zgu ... more details
KL, Samuel M, Wai KL title Vaccines for preventing Japanese encephalitis journal Cochrane Database ... name pmid20218889 Another vaccine, a live attenuated yellow fever Japanese encephalitis chimeric ... cite journal author Halstead SB, Thomas SJ title New Japanese encephalitis vaccines alternatives ... more details
Anti NMDA N methyl D aspartate receptor encephalitis is an acute form of encephalitis, potentially lethal but with high probability for recovery, caused by autoimmune reaction against NR1 and NR2 subunits of the glutamate NMDA receptor . ref name pmid17898324 cite journal author Iizuka T, Sakai F, Ide T, Monzen T, Yoshii S, Iigaya M, Suzuki K, Lynch DR, Suzuki N, Hata T, Dalmau J title Anti NMDA receptor encephalitis in Japan long term outcome without tumor removal journal Neurology journal Neurology volume 70 issue 7 pages 504 11 year 2008 month February pmid 17898324 pmc 2586938 doi 10.1212 01.wnl.0000278388.90370.c3 url http www.neurology.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 17898324 ref Anti NMDA receptor encephalitis is often initially misdiagnosed as a psychiatric condition. Patients can often look manic or exhibit frank psychosis. A lumbar puncture can help make the distinction, as most cases will show an elevated white blood cell count in the spinal fluid. Other clinical features can include seizures and progression to a state similar to catatonia. Dalmau J, T z n E, Wu HY, et al. Paraneoplastic anti N methyl D aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma. Ann Neurol. 2007 61 1 25 36. Different descriptions and syndromal designations for this disease existed in the medical literature prior to 2007, when the cause was established and it received its current name. ref name pmid17262855 cite journal author Dalmau J, T z n E, Wu HY, Masjuan J, Rossi JE, Voloschin A, Baehring JM, Shimazaki H, Koide R, King D, Mason W, Sansing LH, Dichter MA, Rosenfeld MR, Lynch DR title Paraneoplastic anti N methyl D aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma journal Ann. Neurol. volume 61 issue 1 pages 25 36 year 2007 month January pmid 17262855 ... M, Dessain SK, Rosenfeld MR, Balice Gordon R, Lynch DR title Anti NMDA receptor encephalitis case ... syndromes Category Encephalitis medicine stub bg NMDA de Anti NMDA ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus image Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.jpg virus group iv familia Togaviridae genus Alphavirus species Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Infobox Disease Name Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 A92.2 ICD9 ICD9 066.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D004685 Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is a mosquito borne virus viral pathogen that causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis or encephalomyelitis VEE . VEE can affect all equine species, such as horse s, donkey s, and zebra s. After infection, equines may suddenly die or show progressive central nervous system disorders. Humans also can contract this disease. Healthy adults who become infected by the virus may experience flu like symptoms, such as high fevers and headaches. People with weakened immune systems and the young and the elderly can become severely ill or die from this disease. The virus that causes VEE ... I, and three of these variants, A, B, and C are the epizootic strains. Venezuelan equine encephalitis outbreaks Outbreaks of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus occurred in Central American and South .... A much larger outbreak in Venezuela and Colombia occurred in 1995. On May 23, 1995, equine encephalitis ... that were attributable to Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus with 26 human deaths. A possible explanation ... that samples of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus were discovered missing during an inventory ... lpa pubs fsvee.html Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Cite web title PAHO Equine Encephalitis ... Equine Encephalitis Virus url http pathport.vbi.vt.edu pathinfo pathogens VEEV complex Info.shtml ... Equine Encephalitis Mucambo virus in cultured mosquito cells journal Arch Virol volume 49 issue ... Horse diseases Category Animal virology Category Biological weapons Category Viral encephalitis Category ... v n zuelienne nl Venezuelan equine encephalitis ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 A 06 6 a 00 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis GAE ref cite pmid 19621290 ref is a central nervous system disease caused by certain species, ref name urlAmebic Meningoencephalitis Overview eMedicine cite web url http emedicine.medscape.com article 996227 overview title Amebic Meningoencephalitis Overview eMedicine format work accessdate ref especially species of Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia mandrillaris . ref cite pmid 17932496 ref ref cite pmid 15358823 ref The term is most commonly used with Acanthamoeba . In more modern referendes, the term Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis BAE is commonly used when Balamuthia mandrillaris is the cause. ref cite pmid 19657454 ref ref cite pmid 17644721 ref ref cite pmid 17913450 ref ref cite pmid 19236272 ref Pathology GAE may present in numerous ways. There is no solid definition, as only a handful of patients have presented thus far with GAE. GAE can present with paralysis focal paralysis , seizures , brainstem symptoms, and other neurological problems, some of which may mimic glioma especially brainstem glioma , or other brain diseases, which may hamper timely diagnosis. These symptoms are caused by inflammatory necrosis of brain tissue brought on by amoebic infiltrates. Appearance on Biopsy A brain biopsy will reveal the presence of infection by pathogenic amoebas. In GAE, these present as general inflammation and sparse granules . On microscopic examination, infiltrates of amoebic cysts and or trophozoites will be visible. Treatment GAE, in general, must be treated by killing the pathogenic amoebas which cause it. Acanthamoeba Even with treatment, the condition is often fatal, and there are very few recorded survivors, almost all of whom suffered permanent neurocognitive neurocognitive ... Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis Category Encephalitis ... more details
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