Unreferenced date May 2007 Haitian Emigration refers to the emigration of free blacks from the United States to Haiti in the early 19th century. In an attempt to break out from the United States society, Antebellum era antebellum free Blacks emigrated to Haiti . Although a few emigrants left for Haiti during the 1810s, it was not until 1824 that with the support of the Haitian President Jean Pierre Boyer that the emigration began in earnest. The Haitian emigration project ran against the wishes of the American Colonization Society , which attempted to remove free Blacks as far as Africa and dreaded the idea of strengthening the Black state of Haiti . Several thousand Blacks departed toward Haiti the summer of 1824 and the flow continued until 1826 when the Haitian government stopped paying and defraying the transportation costs. U.S. Blacks continued moving to Haiti after this, but the numbers were never as high as those that left between the years of 1824 1826. Another Haitian emigration scheme began in 1859 and lasted for about three years. Even though this project had the support of Abraham Lincoln and other political figures, the frustrations of the 1820s and an increasing Black identification with the U.S. substantially hindered the enthusiasm this time. DEFAULTSORT Haitian Emigration Category Emigrants history stub Sources Dean, David McEwen. Defender of the Race James Theodore Holly, Black Nationalist Bishop Boston Lambeth Press, 1979 . Dixon, Chris. African America and Haiti Emigration and Black Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century Westport, Connecticut, & London Greenwood Press, 2000 . Miller, Floyd J. The Search for a Black Nationality Black Emigration and Colonization, 1787 1863 Urbana University of Illinois Press, 1975 . ... more details
Refimprove date June 2007 Commons Category Great Emigration Image MWP 1830 Le r fugi polonais.jpg thumb right A Polish exile , a 19th century graphic Image MWP 1830 Les polonais recus en Belgique.jpg thumb right Polish emigrants in Belgium , a 19th century graphic The Great Emigration ref Name Klaus cite book last Bade first Klaus J. title Migration in European History publisher Blackwell Publishing year 2003 location url http books.google.com books?id nzUHbJNtH8cC&pg PA134&dq Great Emigration Polish 1831&as brr 3&ie ISO 8859 1&sig SbUDyEd3TRPs6ZwtEJqTyF3aEqE PPA134,M1 doi isbn 0631189394 page 134 ref lang pl Wielka Emigracja was an emigration of political elites from Poland from 1831&ndash 1870. Since the end of the 18th century, a major role in Polish political life was played by people who carried out their activities outside the country as migr s. Their fate was a consequence of the Partitions of Poland , which completely divided the lands of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth between the Russian Empire , the Kingdom of Prussia , and the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria . Because of this emigration of political elites, much of the political and ideological activity of the Polish intelligentsia during the 18th and 19th centuries was done outside of the lands of partitioned Poland. Most of the political migr s were based in France. The most important wave of emigration came after the November Uprising of 1830&ndash 1831. These Poles later fought and provided valuable support during the 1846 and 1848 revolutions in Poland . Their resistance was not limited to Polish revolutionary activity, as they also participated in various lands during the Revolutions of 1848 , including France, the small principalities of Germany and Italy, Austria , Hungary , and the Danubian principalities ... Emigration living in exile Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski , leader of the Polish Government in Exile ... Unity References Reflist Category Great Emigration Poland hist stub af Groot Emigrasie es Gran Emigraci n ... more details
morefootnotes date February 2011 Orphan date February 2009 Christian emigration is the migration of Christian people from countries that have a high percentage and majority of non Christians. Areas that have been particularly affected by Christian emigration include the Middle East , the Indian subcontinent and the Far East . Today, the majority of Middle Eastern people in the United States are Christian. Christian emigration from the Middle East Many Christians have emigrated from the Middle East, a phenomenon that has been attributed to various causes included economic factors, political and military conflict, and feelings of insecurity or isolation among minority Christian populations. The higher rate of emigration among Christians, compared to other religious groups, has also been attributed to their having stronger support networks available abroad, in the form of existing emigrant communities. Lebanon has experienced a large migration of Lebanese Christians. These Lebanese Christians have migrated to North America North and South America , Europe and Australia before, during and since the 1975 1992 Lebanese Civil War . Higher Muslim birthrates, the arrival of Palestinian refugees, and the expansion of the original Lebanese mutasarrifa to include areas populated largely by Muslim have contributed to reducing the Christian proportion of the Lebanese population. Lebanese Christians still remain culturally and politically prominent, forming something under 40 of the population ... Arab emigration and Christians are disproportionately involved. Of the total Palestinian Christian .... Christian emigration from the Indian subcontinent Christians have also fled Pakistan , especially ... faith and grow it in other nations. Christian emigration from communist states Repression of religious ... factors in emigration from the Soviet Union and former communist states in Europe Fact date ... 126 Christian emigration reports, from the Catholic Near East Welfare Association Category Human ... more details
Illegal emigration refers to a person moving across national borders in a way that violates emigration laws. Such a person may legally go abroad and refuse to return when demanded by the country of origin. Russia implemented emigration restrictions two months after the Russian Revolution of 1917 , with the various Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union thereafter banning emigration. After the creation of the Eastern Bloc from countries occupied by the Soviet Union during World War II , Eastern Bloc countries instituted emigration bans similar to those in the Soviet Union. After the erection of the Berlin Wall in 1961, emigration except for ethnic migration reasons mostly halted from east to west, though a few thousand Berlin Wall Escape attempts escape attempts from East Germany occurred, including those by defector defecting border guards. More generally, escape by any citizen was considered defection. North Korea also strictly controls emigration. ref http migration.ucdavis.edu mn more.php?id 2606 0 3 0 Korea North, Amnesty ref Special cases are when one flees a country as a refugee escaping persecution, or after committing a crime, trying to escape prosecution. However, as an illegal immigrant one may be sent back, and as a criminal, one may face extradition or prosecution in the other country. The stance of the United Nations is that freedom to emigrate is a human right, part of the right to freedom of movement . According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ... emigration and defection Berlin Wall Emigration and any travel abroad were not allowed without an Passport ... trends and changes ref Even discussing illegal emigration carries a six month prison sentence ... of populating the national territories, protecting emigrants, and disciplining emigration. The state ... files CP02 CP02 Port Emigration.pdf Portuguese Emigration After World War II . ref Burma According ... escaping Cuba on rafts See also Freedom of Movement Illegal immigration Refusenik Eastern Bloc emigration ... more details
Politics of Egypt The Ministry of Manpower and Emigration is the ministry in charge of manpower and emigration in Egypt . Its headquarters are in Cairo . Dr. Ahmed Hassan El Borai is the current minister. See also Cabinet of Egypt External links Portal Egypt http www.emigration.gov.eg Ministry of Manpower and Emigration official website http www.manpower.gov.eg S hi3xhwfwdgzjfj55tnho1b45 Foundations EmergencyBox.html Ministry of Manpower official website Sharaf Cabinet Egypt Category Ministries of Egypt Manpower Category Labour ministries Egypt Egypt stub gov stub ... more details
Image Deutsches Auswandererhaus Bremerhaven.jpg thumb German Emigration Center The German Emigration Center lang de Deutsches Auswandererhaus is a museum located in Bremerhaven , Germany dedicated to the history of German emigration , especially to the United States . Visitors can experience the process of a historical emigration. The museum also provides access to databanks with immigration records. The museum opened on August 8, 2005. External links http www.dah bremerhaven.de Museum website coord 53 32 43 N 8 34 27 E display title region DE HB type landmark source dewiki Category Museums in Germany Category Ethnographic museums Category Bremerhaven Category History museums in Germany de Deutsches Auswandererhaus eo Germana pri elmigrinta domo fr Maison allemande des migr s ... more details
Emigration from Germany contemporary see Germans Abroad historical Aussiedler History of German settlement in Eastern Europe See also Ethnic Germans Volksdeutsche Category German emigrants disambig ... more details
The Central Office for Jewish Emigration Lang de Zentralstelle f r j dische Auswanderung was a designation of Nazi Germany Nazi institutions in Vienna , Prague and Amsterdam . Its purpose was to expel Jews from Nazi controlled areas. History The office in Vienna was founded in Autumn of 1938 ref name nizkor cite web url http www.nizkor.org hweb people e eichmann adolf transcripts Testimony Abroad Wilhelm Hoettl 02.html title Testimony of Wilhelm Hoettl at the trial of Adolf Eichmann accessdate 23 February 2010 ref by Adolf Eichmann . He began the office as a way of getting around the red tape the Jews of Austria faced when trying to leave the country. ref Establishment of the Central Office For Jewish Emigration in Vienna , published August 20, 1938, Introduction. Found at http www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org jsource Holocaust imoffice.html. Retrieved February 23 sup rd sup 2010. ref Eichmann, wanting to speed up the rate at which Jews left areas of Nazi controlled land, created an efficient machine to quicken the pace blockquote I immediately said this is like an automatic factory, let us say a flour mill connected to some bakery. You put in at the one end a Jew who still has capital and has, let us say, a factory or a shop or an account in a bank, and he passes through the entire building, from counter to counter, from office to office he comes out at the other end, he has no money ..., public or private, which was associated with emigration was required to have a representative .... The Office paid for the emigration of the Jews by taking money from wealthier Jews and using it to expel ... arrangements for emigration could be made in one location. On January 24, 1939 the Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration was established with Reinhard Heydrich at the head. It was charged with the task ... that would incorporate all of German Jewry and co ordinate emigration from the Jewish side. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Central Office For Jewish Emigration Category Jewish emigration from Nazi Germany ... more details
coord 40 46 N 111 46 W type pass region US UT display title Infobox nrhp name Emigration Canyon nrhp type nhl image EmigrationCanyon.jpg caption Emigration Canyon 2006 location Salt Lake County, Utah , United States USA locmapin Utah area built 1847 architect architecture designated nrhp type January 20, 1961 ref name nhlsum cite web url http tps.cr.nps.gov nhl detail.cfm?ResourceId 553&ResourceType Site title Emigration Canyon accessdate 2008 04 01 work National Historic Landmark summary listing publisher National Park Service ref added October 15, 1966 ref name nris NRISref 2007a ref governing body State refnum 66000737 Emigration Canyon is a census designated place CDP , Township United States township and canyon in Salt Lake County, Utah Salt Lake County , Utah , United States , located east of Salt Lake City, Utah Salt Lake City in the Wasatch Range . Beginning at the southern end of the University of Utah , the canyon itself heads east and northeast between Salt Lake City and Morgan County, Utah Morgan County . The boundaries of the CDP and township are coextensive they do not extend to the county line. Emigration Canyon was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961. It is significant in Utah history, as this is where the Mormon pioneers entered the Salt Lake Valley in 1847. As Brigham Young looked over the canyon, he declared, This is the right place. Drive on. These words have become famous in Utah history. The event is commemorated with This Is The Place Heritage Park at the mouth of the canyon. Hogle Zoo , the main zoo in the Salt Lake City area, lies across from This is the Place. The canyon has recently been at the forefront of a dispute with developers, who ... the canyon for its scenery and nature regularly, who want to protect Emigration Canyon from the development that nearby Parley s Canyon has experienced. Throughout Emigration Canyon, there are several ... Emigration Canyon Online http www.ldi ut.com projects emigrationcanyon.htm Emigration ... more details
Emigration from Moldova is a mass phenomenon, having a significant impact on the country s Demographics of Moldova demographics and Economy of Moldova economy . Overview Confronted with Economy of Moldova economic instability, collapsing incomes, and rapidly rising unemployment that accompanied the fall of the Soviet Union , people began emigrating from Moldova on a large scale in the first half of the 1990s. The Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova has estimated that 600,000 to one million Moldovan citizens almost 25 of a population of some 4.4 million are working abroad, most illegally. Only around 80,000 are estimated to be in their destination country legally. Russia especially Moscow region , Italy , Ukraine , Romania , Portugal , Spain , Greece , Turkey , and Israel are the main destinations in decreasing order of importance . Due to the clandestine nature of these migration flows, however, no official statistics exist. Some 200,000 Moldovans are thought to be working in Russia, mainly in construction. Another estimate puts the number of Moldovans in Italy at 200,000. Meanwhile, members of Gagauz minority are drawn predominantly towards Turkey. ref http www.outreachworld.org Files u texas Decision Activity Russia.pdf Understanding Migration, Emigration from Moldova ref Remittance s from Moldovans abroad account for almost 38 of Moldova s GDP , the second highest percentage in the world. ref cite web url http economie.moldova.org stiri eng 171400 title Moldova Information Campaign to Increase the Efficiency of Remittance Flows publisher International Organization for Migration date 10 December 2008 ref References reflist External links http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi 7653380.stm Moldova hit by mass emigration http www.rferl.org content article 1095276.html Moldova Emigration Creating Hardships At Home Moldova topics Category Demographics of Moldova Category Human migration ... more details
liner RMS Aquitania RMS Aquitania , launched in 1913. During the Swedish emigration to the United ... for poor all over Europe, some factors especially encouraged Swedish emigration. There was widespread ... for women. After a dip in the 1890s, emigration rose again, causing national alarm in Sweden. A broad based Swedish Emigration Commission 1907 1913 parliamentary emigration commission was instituted in 1907. It recommended social and economic reform in order to reduce emigration by bringing the best ... last volume, reducing emigration to a mere trickle. From the mid 1920s, there was no longer a Swedish mass emigration. Early history the Swedish American dream Main New Sweden The Swedish West India ... few Swedes had any personal experience of the nation. Emigration was illegal and population was seen ... emigration were repealed. ref Barton, A Folk Divided , 11. ref 19th century European mass emigration push and pull Large scale European emigration to the United States started in the 19th century in Great ... behind this European mass emigration has relied on sophisticated statistical methods. ref kerman, passim ... and pull factors the impulses to emigration generated by conditions in Europe and the U.S. respectively. Jerome found that fluctuations in emigration covariance co varied more with economic developments ... Emigration patterns in the Nordic countries &mdash Finland , Sweden , Norway , Denmark , and Iceland &mdash show striking variation. Nordic mass emigration started in Norway, which also retained the highest ... rate in all of Europe, after Ireland and Norway. Denmark had a consistently low rate of emigration ... emigration did not start until the late 1880s, is usually classified as part of the Eastern European ... for the production of large quantities of emigration propaganda . Much of this promotional material ... by shipping line agents was often blamed for emigration by the conservative Swedish ruling class , which ... 19th century clich to blame the falling ticket prices and the pro emigration propaganda of the transport ... more details
Emigration from Ecuador is a relatively recent phenomenon, but one that has had a huge impact on the country s demographics and economy . Eleven percent of Ecuadorians 1.5 million people live outside Ecuador , primarily in Spain and the United States . Between 400,000 and 500,000 Ecuadorians were estimated to live in the United States in 2003 nearly 500,000 were estimated to live in Spain in 2005. Ecuadorians have also settled in Italy , the Netherlands , France , and Canada . Ecuadorians living abroad remit 1.7 billion to family in Ecuador each year an estimated one million Ecuadorians rely on these remittances for income. Only petroleum exports are a greater contribution to Ecuador s economy than remittances, which exceed banana exports and income from tourism in value. ref name reader Mary J. Weismantel. Ecuadorian international migration . In The Ecuador Reader Carlos De La Torre and Steve Striffler, eds. . Duke University Press 2008 . ref Ecuadorian nationals are residents in more than 60 countries. Citation needed date October 2010 Early emigration from Ecuador was triggered by the collapse of Ecuador s Panama hat industry in the 1950s. Emigrants at this time often traveled to New York , where many had connections with hat importers. ref name reader In the United States, Ecuadorians are most concentrated in New York City and New Jersey approximately 90,000 Ecuadorians live in Queens , particularly in Corona, New York Corona and Jackson Heights, Queens Jackson Heights . ref name reader Before 1985, Ecuadorians immigrating illegally to the USA generally flew legally to Mexico , from where they would be smuggled across the border into the United States. As of the early 1980s, the cost of the trip to the US was around 1,200, and most attempts at entry were successful. Alternately, some Ecuadorians arrived with forged visa document visa s or on passport s with legitimate ... to Ecuador. ref name reader References reflist Ecuador topics DEFAULTSORT Emigration From Ecuador ... more details
Rica , and Israel . Due to the current sociopolitical situation in Colombia, emigration affects Colombians of all social standings and geographic zones. The highest rates of emigration have been ... emigration help to unsuspecting people, many of whom are eventually forced into slavery , forced ... Casahistoria European emigration since 1800 links to 19th & 20th century global European emigration ... Estrella Intenacional La emisora de los colombianos en el exterior DEFAULTSORT Emigration ... more details
Photos publisher The Associated Press year 1984 pages 56 isbn 0917360079 ref Eastern Bloc emigration and defection was a point of controversy during the Cold War . After World War II , emigration restrictions ... satellite state s in Eastern and Central Europe. Legal emigration was in most cases only possible .... Eastern Bloc governments argued that strict limits to emigration were necessary to prevent a Eastern Bloc emigration and defection Brain drain brain drain . The United States and Western European ..., emigration from the Eastern Bloc was effectively limited to illegal defections, ethnic emigration ... progress. ref name dale17 Emigration restrictions Emigration restrictions in the USSR Image GPU.jpg ... thumb Rare Soviet type 2 visa for permanent emigration See Soviet Border Troops Refusenik Passport system ... emigration was conflated with opposition to the socialist state and also the fear that emigration ... to allow emigration of non Russians who wanted German citizenship, but the regime attempted to reduce ... departures, making legal emigration all but impossible. ref name dowty69 Harvnb Dowty 1989 p 69 ref ... When the Soviet Constitution of 1936 was promulgated, virtually no legal emigration took place, except ... of labor in the Soviet Union was not feasible if emigration remained an option with the relative ..., emigration restrictions were used to keep secrecy about life in the Soviet Union. ref name ... encourage emigration , the Soviets wanted to add the phrase in accordance with the procedure ... proposal. ref name dowty111 Emigration restriction and the German zonal border See Schie befehl Iron ... Korea ref name dowty114 Harvnb Dowty 1989 p 114 ref , with heavy restrictions preventing such emigration ... and training ref name dowty115 and, thus, they justified the emigration restrictions as an education ... 88 ref Open emigration policies would create a brain drain , forcing the state to readjust its wage ... had long argued that they could not afford to match western salaries and, without emigration ... more details
emigration. Upper Canada was seen as somewhere with unfarmed land to settle and not too costly to reach, but far enough that people would not easily come back. The Petworth Emigration Committee Thomas ... more details
Saint Domingue. ref Jefferson s views about emigration to Haiti Jefferson s views of slavery ... rebellion on a mass scale and his support for emancipation led to his support of Black emigration ... free Blacks emigration to Haiti believing that it would strengthen the rogue state and would .... Category Thomas Jefferson Haitian Emigration ... more details
, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde, formerly belonging to the Canadian Land and Emigration Company Limited. DEFAULTSORT Canadian Land And Emigration Company Category Defunct companies ... more details
Emigration from Europe began on a large scale during the European colonial empires of the 17th to 19th centuries. This concerns especially the Spanish Empire in the 16th to 17th centuries expansion of the Hispanosphere , the British Empire in the 18th to 19th centuries expansion of the Anglosphere , the Portuguese Empire and the Russian Empire in the 19th century expansion to Central Asia and the Russian Far East . Today, large populations of European descent are found on every continent. European ancestry predominates in North America , and to a lesser degree in South America particularly in Argentina , Brazil , Chile , and Uruguay most of South America has majorities of part European ancestry, especially Central America . Also, Australia and New Zealand , which are consequently considered part of the Western world , have large European derived populations. In Asia , European derived populations specifically Russians predominate in Northern Asia , which is part of the Russian Federation ... 1930 ref Early emigration ancient history Antiquity North Africa Vandals ref http www.metmuseum.org ... See Greater Europe Emigration from Europe happened during the colonization of the Americas , starting .... In Brazil, the European emigration remained very small in the first two centuries of colonization ... colony and the emigration grew in the 18th century alone, about 400,000 Portuguese settled in Brazil, a mass emigration given that Portugal had a population of only 2 million people. In North America the emigration was dominated by British people British , Irish people Irish and other Northern Europeans ... Fazer a Am rica a imigra o em massa para a Am rica Latina. ref Post independence emigration Mass European emigration to the Americas happened in the 19th and 20th centuries. After the end of the Napoleonic ... or Rusyns Welsh people Welsh emigration Welsh diaspora See also Western world Western culture History ... people References reflist 2 White people Use dmy dates date November 2010 DEFAULTSORT Emigration From ... more details
contacts with the centers of Georgian political emigration across Europe , primarily in Paris . The Committee ... army Immigration to Poland DEFAULTSORT Georgian Emigration In Poland Category Ethnic groups in Poland ... more details
There was significant emigration of Swiss people to the Russian Empire from the late 17th to the late 19th century. Rauber 1985 estimates that a number of 50,000 to 60,000 Swiss lived in Russia between roughly 1700 and 1917. The late 18th and early 19th century saw a flow of Swiss farmers forming colonies such as aba Bessarabia , at the Dniester Liman , now part of the Ukraine , besides specialists of various professions, working as winemakers, cheesemakers, merchants, officers or governesses. The Russian Swiss generally prospered, partly merging with Germans German diaspora populations. Early Swiss emigrants to Russia were not poor, but brought money with them, establishing themselves as specialist elites, choosing Russia as migration target because it offered greater opportunities for their trades than America. Only in the later 19th century, with Russian industrialization, saw significant migration of lower social classes. Most of these Swiss diaspora populations returned to Switzerland in during the interwar period in the wake of the Russian Revolution 1917 Russian Revolution of 1917, and especially as a result of the Dekulakization under Stalin during 1929 1931. The most famous Swiss to have lived in Russia are probably the mathematician Leonhard Euler and the military officer Franz Lefort , a close associate of Peter the Great . Lefortovo district in modern Moscow still bears his name. Other notable Russian Swiss include botanist Johannes Ammann , artist and architect Leonhard Christian Gottlieb Leonardowitsch Schaufelberger , entrepreneur Arnold Schaufelberger , politician Frederic Cesar de la Harpe and general Antoine Henri Jomini in the tsarist period and Fritz Platten and Jules Humbert Droz in the Soviet period. In 1918, Platten saved Lenin s life in St. Petersburg, and in 1923, a Russian Swiss assassinated Bolshevik leader Vatslav Vorovskii in Lausanne. The Swiss ... Beitrag zur Geschichte der industriellen Emigration, des Kapitalexportes und des Handels der Schweiz ... more details
, 131. ref The Liberalism liberal interest, which had in the 19th century favored emigration as a practical .... Despite such ideological faultlines, it was with broad national consensus that a Parliamentary Emigration ... the emigration meant to discuss Sweden in its entirety. ref name Barton, 149 The conservative parties proposed legal restrictions on emigration propaganda, emigrant agents, and emigration ... identified by initials, state of residence, and year of emigration. Barton warns that, statistically ... emigration to a mere trickle. There was a brief upswing after the war, but from the mid 1920s, there was no longer any Swedish mass emigration. Did the ambitious Emigration Commission have any part ... http www.americanwest.com swedemigr pages emigra.htm A Review of Swedish Emigration to America , http ... Swedish emigration policy in an international perspective, 1840 1925 , In Runblom, Harald and Norman ... D. 1965 Sweden s Constructive Opposition to Emigration , Journal of Modern History 37 3 307&ndash 335 ... more details
SCOTUSCase Litigants Liverpool, New York & Philadelphia S. S. Co. v. Commissioners of Emigration ArgueDateA March 24 ArgueDateB 25 ArgueYear 1884 DecideDate January 5 DecideYear 1885 FullName Liverpool, New York & Philadelphia S. S. Co. v. Commissioners of Emigration USVol 113 USPage 33 Citation 5 S. Ct. 352 28 L. Ed. 899 1885 U.S. LEXIS 1648 Prior Subsequent Holding SCOTUS 1882 1887 Majority Matthews JoinMajority unanimous LawsApplied Liverpool, New York & Philadelphia S. S. Co. v. Commissioners of Emigration , ussc 113 33 1885 , was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States United States Supreme Court , in which the court held that the plaintiff was in error, being a corporation under the laws of Great Britain, and an alien, had brought this action in the circuit court of the United States for the Southern district of New York, the defendant being a corporation of that state. ref http supreme.justia.com us 113 33 LIVERPOOL, N. Y. & P. S. S. CO. v. COMMISSIONERS OF EMIGRATION., 113 U.S. 33 1885 Justia.com ref The defendant was indebted to the plaintiff for the sum of at least one million and ninety three thousand dollars, regarding passengers in vessels arriving in the state of New York, and for the regulation of marine hospitals. the defendant was paid under the inducement of certain representations of the defendant, the plaintiff being an alien and not knowing the laws of the state of New York, and under protest. Treating it as a complaint according to the procedure under the New York Code, the defendant filed an answer setting up several different defenses, which included the following That by an act of congress, entitled A bill to legalize the collection of head moneys already paid, approved June 19, 1878, the acts of every state and municipal officer or corporation in the several states of the United States in collection of head moneys for every passenger brought to the United States prior to the first day of January, 1877, under then existing laws ... more details
process seealso Eastern Bloc emigration and defection After the Polish Bureau for Repatriation ... or deportee had not been a German citizen before. In the early 1960s, emigration to Germany ... union Solidarity emigration involved a high number of people with secondary education secondary and higher ... Masurians Warmiaks Kaszubs DEFAULTSORT Emigration From Poland To Germany After World War Ii Category ... more details
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