Unreferenced date June 2008 Economic calendars calendar inform financiers and traders about scheduled major economic indicators economic indicator releases like consumer price index , PMI , Jobless Claims , government reports and speeches of influential persons of the financial world. Economic calendars are usually issued on an weekly basis and updated in real time. External links http www.worldeconomiccalendar.com World Economic Calendar http www.ixvivxi.net wordpress economic events calendars A list of popular economic calendars http www.forex4you.com clients forex calendar.html Forex Economic Calendars http www.moneyam.com forward diary Economic Calendar & Company Calendar Calendars finance stub Category Calendars Category Economics ... more details
The Economic League can refer to more than one organisation Economic League Netherlands , a minor Dutch political party. Economic League UK , a British advocacy group. disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2009 In integrated pest management , the economic threshold is the density of a pest at which a control treatment will provide an economic return. Category Pest control ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Economic egalitarianism is a state of economic affairs in which equality of outcome has been manufactured for all the participants of a society. It is a founding principle of various forms of socialism , communalism and cooperative economic organization. See also Communalism Cooperative Communism Capitalism Socialism Economic inequality Egalitarianism Political egalitarianism Equality of outcome , Inequity aversion Gift economy Wealth economics Wealth DEFAULTSORT Economic Egalitarianism Category Economic planning Category Socialism Category Egalitarianism Econ theory stub ... more details
Economic Times may refer to ET Chandigarh also known as The Economic Times Chandigarh est. 2004 , an English language Indian newspaper Hong Kong Economic Times est. 1988 , a Chinese language financial newspaper The Economic Times est. 1961 , a Delhi based daily newspaper in India Weekly Economic Times est. 1995 , a Dhaka based weekly newspaper in Bangladesh disambig ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 In accounting , an economic entity is one of the assumptions made in generally accepted accounting principles . Basically, any organization or unit in society can be an economic entity. Examples of economic entities are hospitals, companies, municipalities, and federal agencies. The Economic Entity Assumption says that the activities of the entity are to be kept separate from the activities of its owner and all other economic entities. DEFAULTSORT Economic Entity Category Commerce Economics stub de Wirtschaftseinheit fr Entit conomique ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 For related topics Forecasting Economic forecasting is the process of making predictions about the economy as a whole or in part. Methods of forecasting include Econometric model s Economic base analysis Shift share analysis Input output model Grinold and Kroner Model See also Land use forecasting Reference class forecasting Transportation planning Calculating Demand Forecast Accuracy Consensus forecasts Econ stub DEFAULTSORT Economic Forecasting Category Economic forecasting fr Pr vision conomique ko ... more details
The terms economic miracle, tiger economy or simply miracle have come to refer to great periods of change, particularly periods of dramatic economic growth, in the recent histories of a number of countries Post World War II See Post war economic boom . Record years in Sweden, from World War II to early 1970s Wirtschaftswunder Post World War II economic growth in Austria and West Germany Trente Glorieuses Post World War II economic growth in France c. 1945 1975 Greek economic miracle c. 1950s 1970s Japanese post war economic miracle c. 1950 1975 Italian economic miracle c. 1950 1973 Later Baltic Tiger Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, c. 2000 present Brazilian military government Brazilian miracle 1968 1973 Celtic Tiger Ireland, c. 1990s 2001, 2003 2006 Four Asian Tigers Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, c. 1960s 1990s Miracle on the Han River South Korea, c. 1950 1997 Taiwan Miracle Massachusetts Miracle 1980s Miracle of Chile c. 1970 s present Spanish miracle 1959 1973 disambig Category Economic booms es Milagro econ mico pt Milagre econ mico ru uk ... more details
This article is about the academic journal. For the field of study, see Economic botany . Infobox Journal title Economic Botany cover editor Daniel E. Moerman discipline Botany language abbreviation Econ Bot publisher Springer Science Business Media , The New York Botanical Garden Press country USA frequency quarterly history openaccess no license impact impact year website http sciweb.nybg.org science2 EconomicBotany.asp link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC LCCN CODEN ISSN 0013 0001 eISSN 1874 9364 Economic Botany is an academic journal that deals with the commercial uses of plants, or economic botany . It covers fields such as ethnopharmacology as well as potential new commercial crops. Category Economic botany Category Botany journals Category Quarterly journals Category Springer academic journals sci journal stub botany stub nl Economic Botany ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2007 Economic statistics is a branch of applied statistics focusing on the collection, processing, compilation and dissemination of statistics concerning the economy of a region, a country or a group of countries. Economic statistics is also referred as a subtopic of official statistics, since most of the economic statistics are produced by official organizations e.g. statistical institutes, intergovernmental organizations such as United Nations , European Union or OECD , central bank s, ministries, etc. . Economic statistics provide the empirical data needed in economic research econometrics and they are the basis for decision and economic policy making. Further reading Giovanini, Enrico http www.oecd.org statistics understandingeconomicstatistics Understanding Economic Statistics , OECD Publishing, 2008, ISBN 978 92 64 03312 2 External links commons cat http ucblibraries.colorado.edu govpubs us stats.htm Statistics from UCB Libraries GovPubs http georgewbush whitehouse.archives.gov fsbr esbr.html Economic statistics The White House pages on U.S. economic statistics http www.offstats.auckland.ac.nz OFFSTATS Official statistics on the web The University of Auckland Library http unstats.un.org unsd goodprac bpabout.asp Fundamental principles of official statistics United Nations, Statistics Division http www.unece.org stats archive act.02.e.htm Economic statistics papers from methodological meetings UNECE http fxtradeinfocenter.oanda.com fxeconostats OANDA FXEconostats Historical graphical economic data of major industrial countries http www.oecd.org statistics OECD Official Statistics Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD Statistics http epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu portal page portal eurostat home Eurostat The European Commission s Statistical Office Category Econometrics Category Fields of application of statistics Category Social statistics econometrics stub bg pt Estat stica econ mica ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Economic Party may also refer to the Reich Party of the German Middle Class or the Independent Economic Party Kenya . Politics of Namibia The Economic Party was a political party in Namibia . It was initially formed on 27 August 1925 as the Omaruru Political Society by S. Proctor. Category Political parties in Namibia Namibia party stub ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Economic dispatch is the method of determining the most efficient, low cost and reliable operation of a power system by dispatching the available electricity generation resources to supply the load on the system. The primary objective of economic dispatch is to minimize the total cost of generation while honoring the operational constraints of the available generation resources. External links http www.ferc.gov EventCalendar Files 20051110172953 FERC 20Staff 20Presentation.pdf Economic Dispatch Concepts, Practices and Issues Category Electric power Category Production and manufacturing Electric power stub ... more details
Multiple issues context September 2009 unreferenced May 2008 notability May 2008 Economic network or refereed network of independent individuals has the primary purpose of making a strong community in order to gain strength and perform as a significant player in relation to current market situation. Activities of economic network consist also of recruiting new members to join, reviewing, surveying, or providing a fresh perspective on existing community growth and strength. See also Value network Value network analysis DEFAULTSORT Economic Network Category Cultural economics ... more details
About the academic field historical events Economic history of the world for changes in economic ideas History of economic thought Economics sidebar Economic history is the study of Economics and specified economies from a Historiography historical perspective. Analysis in economic history is undertaken ... economic theory to historical situations and institutions. The topic includes business history , financial ... history and Labor history discipline labor history . Quantitative Econometrics econometric economic ... field Treating economic history as a discrete academic discipline has been a contentious issue ... London School of Economics LSE vs. Cambridge disputes over the separation of economics and economic ... of economic history and that the two were inseparably entangled. Those at the LSE believed that economic ... economics. In the initial period of the subject s development, the LSE position of separating economic ... in economic history rooted in the LSE model. Indeed, the Economic History Society had its inauguration at LSE in 1926 and the University of Cambridge eventually established its own economic history programme .... Only the LSE and the University of Glasgow retain separate economic history departments and stand alone undergraduate and graduate programmes in economic history. The University of Warwick now has the greatest number of economic historians working in an economics department anywhere in the UK, but has ... together train the vast majority of economic historians coming through the British Universities in the United Kingdom higher education system . In the US, economic history has for a long time been regarded as a form of applied economics . As a consequence, there are no specialist economic history graduate programmes at any mainstream university anywhere in the country. Instead economic history ... between economics and economic history Yale University economist Irving Fisher wrote in 1933 on the relationship between economics and economic history in his Debt Deflation Theory of Great Depressions ... more details
for the journal Economic Geography journal File ElSalvadorfairtradecoffee.jpg thumb right 250px The economics of coffee coffee trade is a worldwide industry Economic geography is the study of the location, distribution and spatial organization of economic activities across the world. The subject matter ... of David Harvey social theorist and geographer David Harvey and the new economic geography which ... sidebar Economic geography is usually regarded as a subfield of the discipline of geography , although ... part of economic geography. ref cite book editor Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, and Meric S. Gertler title The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography isbn 978 0 19 823410 4 publisher Oxford ... trade theory the new economic geography , which directly competes with an approach within the discipline of geography that is also called new economic geography . ref From S.N. Durlauf and L.E. Blume, ed. 2008 . The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics , 2nd Edition new economic geography by Anthony ... the variety of approaches, economic geography has taken to many different subject matters, including ... . This list is by no means exhaustive. Approaches to study As the economic geography is a very broad discipline with economic geographers using many different methodologies in the study of economic ... economic Geography focuses on building theories about spatial arrangement and distribution of economic activities. Regional geography Regional economic geography examines the economic conditions of particular regions or countries of the world. It deals with economic regionalization , and local Economic growth economic development as well. Historical geography Historical economic geography examines history and the development of spatial economic structure. Using historical data it examines how the centers of population and economic activity shift, what patterns of regional specialization and localization evolved over time and what factors explain these changes. Critical geography Critical economic ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 Economic interventionism is an action taken by a government in a market economy or market oriented mixed economy , beyond the basic regulation of fraud and enforcement of contracts, in an effort to affect its own economics economy . Citation needed date January 2009 Economic intervention can be aimed at a variety of political or economic objectives, such as promoting economic growth, increasing employment, raising wages, raising or reducing prices, promoting equality ... economic intervention assumes the state and economy are inherently separate from each other ... an intervention although this does not apply to state owned enterprises that operate in the market . Economic ... in the setting of prices and the distribution of goods determined by the market. Economic planning tends to be associated with the left wing politics political left , while economic interventionism ... or ineffective and ought to be mitigated. Economic interventionism and planning are sometimes practiced by National conservatism national conservative , corporatism fascist , Economic nationalism economic nationalist and right wing parties with the thinking that the free market can damage national traditions, social order, or the authority of the state itself. Types of interventions Economic ... cited as mild forms of economic planning, designed to overcome cyclical instability inherent in market ... Economic planning refers to planned economic activity in production. Planned economic activity may be direct directive planning , or indirect as in the case of indicative planning . An economic system that is characterized by the primacy of economic planning over the market is referred to as a Planned ... considerations. Economically left wing entities can see economic interventionism as a way of ensuring ... Economic planning Indicative Planning Category Political economy Category Market failure Category Socioeconomics Category Economic planning econ policy stub bs Intervencionizam bg ... more details
Economic repression refers to various actions to restrain certain economy economical activities or social group s involved in economic activities. It contrasts with economic liberalization . Economists note widespread economic repression in developing countries . ref name jha ref name bhag ref Anne Krueger 1978 Foreign Trade Attempts & Economic Development Liberalization Attempts and Consequences ISBN 0884104834 ref The main goal of economic repression is protectionism , the instruments for which include Fine penalty fines and ceilings on interest rate s or exchange rate s. ref name jha Raghbendra Jha , Macroeconomics for Developing Countries , http books.google.com books?id BeqFbtRH9YEC&pg PA393&lpg PA393&dq 22economic repression is 22&source web&ots 0BRPW05Bqj&sig RiSSKcqSdQxP5uQi qstF 0gToU&hl en&sa X&oi book result&resnum 1&ct result p. 393 ref ref name bhag Jagdish Bhagwati 1989 Protectionism , ISBN 0262521504 ref A common type of economic repression against individuals is blacklisting . ref Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties , ed. Paul Finkelman , vol. 1 A F 2006 ISBN 0415943426, http books.google.com books?id YoI14vYA8r0C&pg PA150&dq 22economic repression 22 soviet&lr p. 150, article Blacklisting by Anthony Chase ref References reflist Category Economics Category Persecution econ stub ... more details
Economic systems sidebar An economic system is the structure of Production, costs, and pricing production , allocation of economic inputs, Distribution economics distribution of economic outputs, and Consumption ... by which problems of economics are addressed, such as the economic problem of scarcity through allocation of finite productive resources. ref NA 2007 . economic systems, The New Encyclop dia Britannica , v. 4, p. 357. ref An economic system is composed of person people and institutions , including ... . Examples of contemporary economic systems include Capitalism capitalist systems , Socialist economy socialist systems , and mixed economies . Economic systems is the JEL classification codes Economic systems JEL P Subcategories economics category that includes the study of respective systems. Today the world largely operates under a global economic system based on the capitalist mode of production . Overview An economic system Alternatively, economic refers to the organizational arrangements ... economics consumption Decision making decisions . In creating and modifying its economic system ... may be seen as desirable, like Economic efficiency efficiency , economic growth growth , liberty , and Equality of outcome equality . ref David W. Conklin 1991 , Comparative Economic Systems ,University ... the use of economic inputs the means of production , distribution of output, the level of centralization ... How information is obtained and used to coordinate economic activity. The two dominant forms of coordination include Economic planning planning and the Market economy market planning can be either ... by all of society . Incentive System A mechanism for inducing certain economic agents to engage in productive ... . ref Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty First Century , 2003, by Gregory and Stuart. ISBN 0 618 26181 8. ref Part of a social system An economic system can be considered a part of the social ... a strong correlation between certain ideology ideologies , political system s and certain economic ... more details
For financial securities such as common stock stocks and bond finance bonds security finance Economic ... of the future cash flow of a person or other Economic Entity economic entity , such as a country ... title ref Economic security tends to include the broader effect of a society s production levels and monetary support for non working citizens. Components of individual economic security In the United States , children s economic security is indicated by the income level and job security employment ... Childstats.gov America s Children Key National Indicators of Well Being 2007 Economic Circumstances Bot generated title ref Economic security of people over 50 years old is based on Social Security ... of Arizona formed a Department of Economic Security with a mission to promote the safety, well being ... Welfare, the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation, the State Office of Economic Opportunity, the Apprenticeship ... The Minnesota Department of Economic Security was formed in 1977 from the departments of Employment Services and Vocational Rehabilitation, the Governor s Manpower Office, and the Economic Opportunity ... in this department. In 2003, the Minnesota Department of Economic Security and Minnesota Department of Trade and Economic Development were merged to form The Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic ... ref Economic security of countries main Economic security politics Economic security, in the context ..., Economic security today forms, arguably, as important a part of national security as military policy. Economic security has been proposed as a key determinant of international relations , particularly ... to the country s overall economic security are considered economic espionage , which is illegal, clandestine or coercive activity by a foreign government in order to gain unauthorized access to economic intelligence, such as proprietary information or technology, for economic advantage. ref http www.csis.gc.ca nwsrm bckgrndrs bckgrndr06 eng.asp Backgrounder No. 6 Economic Security Bot generated ... more details
The concept of economic terrorism is disputed, and is generally used in a polemic al or Demagogy demagogic way to associate the term terrorism with a country, a company or a group accused of abuses . Nevertheless, it is also used in a way more strictly defined to indicate an attempt at economic destabilization by a group. More precisely, in 2005 the Center of Security Policy of Geneva defined economic terrorism in the following terms quote Contrary to economic warfare which is undertaken by states against other states, economic terrorism would be undertaken by transnational or non state actors. This could entail varied, coordinated and sophisticated or massive destabilizing actions in order to disrupt the economic and financial stability of a state, a group of states or a society such as market oriented western societies for ideological or religious motives. These actions, if undertaken, may be violent or not. They could have either immediate effects or carry psychological effects which in turn have economic consequences. ref PDF http www.gcsp.ch e meetings Security Challenges CIP Economic 20Terrorism 20roundtable programme.pdf Roundtable on Economic Terrorism 41.6 Kibibyte KiB application pdf, 42691 bytes , July 11 12, 2005, Lausanne . ref Examples of usage Phil McNulty of the Unite Union accused the management of Ineos of economic terrorism in April 2008 after it began temporarily ... s implication being that Ineos was unfairly trying to use the potential economic impact of the shutdown ... themselves could be accused of economic terrorism as they are attempting to use the significant economic ... of the phrase economic terrorism in this context is an example of sound byte media relations. citation ... the term economic terrorism ref http www.phillyburbs.com news news details article 28 2009 july ... ref See also Economic warfare Sabotage State terrorism References references DEFAULTSORT Economic Terrorism Category Economic warfare Category Terrorism by method Economics stub fr Terrorisme conomique ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Social democracy sidebar Progressivism Economic progressivism is the name given to the economic views of Social democracy social democrats and Progressivism progressives . These views are often rooted in a strong sense of social justice . At its most basic, economic progressivism supports a mixed economy Ndash an economy that features both a significant public sector and a strong Private sector private one. More specific policies that fall under the category of economic progressivism include progressive tax es and income redistribution aimed at reducing inequalities of wealth, a comprehensive package of public services , universal health care , public education , social security , minimum wage laws, antitrust anti trust laws , legislation protecting workers rights and the rights of trade union s, and a welfare state . The economic theory that underpins most of the policies listed above is Keynesian economics . However, many organizations that promote economic progressivism can be characterized as anti capitalist and include principles and policies based on Marxism, Libertarian Socialism, and other leftwing schools of socio economic thought. The Transformative Studies Institute is an example of a leftwing US educational think tank that is based on the principles of economic progressivism. ref http www.transformativestudies.org about 2 principles and policy positions Transformative Studies Institute Principles and Policy Positions ref See also Economics References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Economic Progressivism Category Progressivism Category Economic ideologies Econ stub it Interventismo economia Interventismo ... more details
An economic expansion is an increase in the level of economic activity , and of the goods and services available in the market market place . It is a period of economic growth as measured by a rise in real GDP . ref cite book last O Sullivan first Arthur coauthors Steven M. Sheffrin title Economics Principles in action publisher Pearson Prentice Hall date 2003 location Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 pages 310 url http www.pearsonschool.com index.cfm?locator PSZ3R9&PMDbSiteId 2781&PMDbSolutionId 6724&PMDbCategoryId &PMDbProgramId 12881&level 4 doi id isbn 0 13 063085 3 ref The explanation of such fluctuations in aggregate economic activity is one of the primary concerns of macroeconomics . Typically an economic expansion is marked by an upturn in production and utilization of resources. Economic recovery and prosperity are two successive phases of expansion. It may be caused by factors external to the economy, such as weather conditions or technical change, or by factors internal to the economy, such as Fiscal policy fiscal policies , Monetary policy monetary policies , the availability of Credit finance credit , interest rates , Regulation regulatory policies or other impacts on producer incentives. Global conditions may influence the levels of economic activity in various countries. Economic contraction and expansion relate to the overall output of all goods and services, while the terms inflation and deflation refer to increasing and decreasing prices of commodities, goods and services in relation to the value of money. See also Business cycle Economic growth References Reflist External links http www.nber.org cycles.html Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions , National Bureau of Economic Research Category Market trends econ term stub ru ... more details
Expert subject date May 2010 Sociology Economic sociology studies both the social effects and the social causes of various economic phenomena. The field can be broadly divided into a classical period and a contemporary ... plays a role in much classic sociological enquiry. The specific term economic sociology was first ... title Principles of Economic Sociology by Richard Swedberg An extract accessdate 2009 12 02 ref ... World West is perhaps most iconic of the approach set forth in the classic period of economic sociology. The contemporary period of economic sociology, also known as new economic sociology , was consolidated by the 1985 work of Mark Granovetter titled Economic Action and Social Structure The Problem of Embeddedness . This work elaborated the concept of embeddedness , which states that economic ... of this field. Classical economic sociology Economic sociology arose as a new approach to the analysis of economic phenomena emphasising particularly the role economic structures and institutions play upon society, and the influence a society holds over the nature of economic structures and institutions ... 1900 . Economic sociology may be said to have begun with Tocqueville s Democracy in America ... s7525.html title Principles of Economic Sociology by Richard Swedberg An extract accessdate 2009 12 02 ref Marx s historical materialism would attempt to demonstrate how economic forces influence ... was published in 1922, whilst Max Weber s Economy and Society was released in the same year. New economic sociology Contemporary economic sociology focuses particularly on the social consequences of economic .... Influential figures in modern economic sociology include Fred L. Block , James Samuel Coleman ... sciences. Many critiques of economics or economic policy begin from the accusation that abstract modelling is missing some key social phenomenon that needs to be addressed. Economic sociology is an attempt .... It is thus also an answer to attempts by economists such as Gary Becker to bring economic approaches ... more details
Economic data are commonly numerical time series , i.e., sets of data covering periods of time for part ... L. Smith , 1976. Experimental Economics Induced Value Theory , American Economic Review , 66 2 , p http www.jstor.org pss 1817233 p. 274 279. ref Economic data may also describe functions or inter relationships ... be very complex Model abstract models that incorporate raw economic data, adjusted economic data, and relationships that they have estimated, to model economic developments. These models may be partial, aimed at examining particular parts of an economy or economies, or they may cover a whole economic system and forecast, e.g., Demand economics demand , price s and employment . Economic data issues Good economic data is a precondition to effective macroeconomic management. With the complexity of modern ... measure. This cannot be done without economic data that is complete, accurate and timely. Increasingly, the availability of good economic data is coming to be seen by international markets as an indicator ... are aware that good economic data is necessary for a country to effectively manage its affairs and, other ... availability of reliable and up to date economic data also reassures international investors by allowing them to monitor economic developments and to manage their financial risk investment risk . The severity ... had hidden a deteriorating economic situation by slow and incomplete reporting of critical economic data. Being unsure of exactly how bad the economic situation was, they tried to withdraw ... economic financial crises that led to the creation of international data quality standards, such as the IMF ... availability of good quality economic data allows firms and individuals to make their business ... the economic context. Tax data can be a source of economic data. In the United States, the IRS ... Business and Economics Related topics Economic indicators Official statistics References Reflist External ... data http www.oswego.edu economic data.htm Data sources, Oswego http www.retailinvestor.org ... more details
trade bloc Economic integration refers to trade unification between different states by the partial or full ... by means of economic integration are part of the contemporary economic Theory of the Second Best where ..., economic integration has been thought of as the second best option for global trade where barriers ... organisation to refer to combinations of business firms through economic agreements, cartels ... economies into larger economic regions, the use of the word integration can be traced to the 1930s ..., Herbert Gaedicke and Gert von Eyern as the first users of the term economic integration in its current ... 9 ref Objective An increase of welfare has been recognized as a main objective of economic integration. The increase of trade between member states of economic unions is meant to lead to the increase ... scale development of economic integration, a phenomenon now realized in continental trade bloc economic ... Economic Community and proposed for intercontinental economic blocks, such as the Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia and the Transatlantic Free Trade Area . The other objective for the states pursuing economic integration is to become or stay regionally and globally competitive, as the goods of the states outside economic blocks become more expensive. Stages File Economic integration stages World .png thumb right 334px Stages of economic integration around the World ... 008000 Economic and Monetary Union CARICOM Single Market and Economy CSME Eastern Caribbean Currency Union EC , Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union EU Eurozone legend 00FF00 Economic ... 00FFFF Customs and Monetary Union Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa CEMAC Central African CFA franc franc , West African Economic and Monetary Union UEMOA West African CFA franc franc legend 804000 Common market European Economic Area EEA , European Free Trade Association EFTA legend ... , Central American Integration System SICA , Trans Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership TPP File ... more details
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