Infobox former monarchy royal title Domnitor realm the United Principalities United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia Romania coatofarms Coat of arms of Principality of Romania 1867 1872 .svg coatofarmssize 150px coatofarmscaption Coat of arms of the Principality of Romania during the reign of Carol I of Romania Carol I image Carol I of Romania king.jpg caption Carol I first monarch Alexandru Ioan Cuza last monarch Carol I of Romania Carol I style residence National Museum of Art of Romania Royal Palace in Bucharest appointer began 24 January 1859 ended 1 March 1881 pretender Domnitor pl. domnitori was the official title of the ruler of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1859 and 1866. It is equivalent with King status and a lot of Domnitor were painted with royal crown, on the walls of monasteries and in different holy books. Domnitor was used in medieval times along with the Slavonic derived term of Voievod voivode , and it derives from the cultivated Latin term Dominus title Dominus the word itself is derived in the Romanian language Romanian language from the word domn lord or ruler , in its turn originating from the Latin word dominus . It acquired an officially recognized meaning only after Wallachia and Moldavia chose through simultaneous and independent popular voting the same ruler, Alexandru Ioan Cuza Alexander John Couza , in 1859. Previously, Wallachian and Moldavian rulers had sometimes been referred to by the term, though their official titles had been voivode and hospodar , especially after they were officially nominated by the Ottoman Dynasty Sultans of the Ottoman Empire . The last two Domnitori of Romania were Alexandru Ioan Cuza 1859 1866, deposed and Prince Carol I of Romania of the new dynasty of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen , who began his reign in 1866. In 1881, Prince Carol I was crowned as King of the Romanians ... Category Titles of national or ethnic leadership he id Domnitor it Domnitor ro Domnitor ... more details
File Colegiul National Alexandru Ioan Cuza Focsani.jpg thumb right Alexandru Ioan Cuza National College lang ro Colegiul Na ional Alexandru Ioan Cuza is one of the two most important high schools in Foc ani , Vrancea County , Romania . It was founded in 1864 , after Alexander John Cuza , the first Domnitor of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, enacted a Law on Education, establishing tuition free and compulsory public education for primary schools. External links ro icon http www.cnaic.ro Official site coord missing Romania Category High schools in Vrancea County Romania school stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Proclama ia de la Islaz 1848 .jpg thumb right The 1849 Proclamation of Islaz written in Romanian Cyrillic . The Proclamation of Islaz Lang ro Proclama ia de la Islaz was the program adopted on June 9, 1848 by Romanian people Romanian revolutionaries. It was written by Ion Heliade R dulescu . On June 11, under pressure from the masses, Domnitor Gheorghe Bibescu was forced to accept the terms of the proclamation and recognise the provisional revolutionary government. Provisions The Proclamation of Islaz has the form and value of a constitutional act. Between these 22 provisions are notably The independence of the administration and legisalature. Separation of powers. Equal rights of the people. The election of a responsible domnitor for a period of 5 years. Reduction of the civil list s of the domnitor . Emancipation of the serf s. Emancipation of the Roma people Roma . Equal instruction. Creation of a system of prisons. Creation of a national guard. The location of Islaz now in Teleorman County , then in Romana i County was a small port on the Danube with some commercial significance, which, unlike the ports of Turnu M gurele , Giurgiu and Calafat , was not under the direct control of the Ottoman Empire Turks . DEFAULTSORT Proclamation Of Islaz Category 1848 in law Category 19th century historical documents Category History of Romania Category Revolutions of 1848 Category Romani history in Romania Euro hist stub Romania stub es Proclamaci n de Islaz ro Proclama ia de la Islaz ... more details
Marshal s baton. The first representation of a Romanian people Romanian Domnitor with the symbols ... ermine collar. In the right hand the Domnitor had a Ceremonial mace mace sometimes a sword , and in the left ... cabani a ienicerilor . The Domnitor Romanian Rulers from the 19th century reintroduce the mantle as symbol ... more details
Alexandru Al. Ioan Cuza 1862 or 1864 1889 was a Romania n aristocrat, businessman and journalist. He was the son of Domnitor Alexander John Cuza , whose rule coincided with the United Principalities political union between the Danubian Principalities Wallachia and Moldavia . While his father was deposed and exiled, to be succeeded by Carol I of Romania Carol of Hohenzollern , Cuza joined Alexandru Beldiman in creating the journal Adev rul . The publication, established as a main voice of opposition to Carol s rule, survived the proclamation of the Kingdom of Romania , and became one of the most successful dailies in Romania. He married Maria Moruzi. Maria was later married, for just one day, with the National Liberal Party Romania National Liberal leader Ion I. C. Br tianu , and gave birth to the historian and politician Gheorghe I. Br tianu . DEFAULTSORT Cuza, Alexandru Al. Ioan Category Romanian royalty Category Romanian newspaper founders Category 1860s births Category 1889 deaths ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Merge Saint Sava National College date October 2008 Saint Sava College was one of the earliest Academy academic institutions in Wallachia , Romania . History It was the continuator of the Princely Academy from Bucharest , and was initially located in the buildings of Saint Sava Monastery, nowadays the site of the University of Bucharest . Its origines are connected to the lectures delivered in Romanian by Gheorghe Laz r in the Princely Academy, beginning with 1818. After the Hetairia movement from 1821, the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Sultan forbade the existence of Greek schools, but he allowed the existence of Romanian schools. Thus, by the efforts of Laz r and of other professors that associated with him, like Eufrosin Poteca , Ion Heliade R dulescu , Laszlo Erdely, or Petrache Poenaru , the Saint Sava Academy managed to hold the same academic level as the Greek language Princely Academy. The Academy was split in 1864 on orders from Domnitor Alexander John Cuza , the purely academic branch being converted into the University of Bucharest, while the secondary education one was organized as the current Saint Sava National College . Category 1821 establishments Category 1864 disestablishments Category History of Bucharest Category Education in Bucharest bg ro Colegiul Na ional Sf ntul Sava din Bucure ti ... more details
File Grigore III Ghica, Prince of Moldavia and Wallachia.jpg thumb right 250px Grigore III Ghica Grigore III Ghica was twice the Prince of Moldavia between 29 March 1764 3 February 1767 and September 1774 10 October 1777 and of Wallachia 28 October 1768 November 1769. A Phanariote ruler domnitor of the Ghica family , Grigore Ghica was assassinated by the Ottoman Empire Ottomans for opposing the annexation of the northwestern part of Moldavia later named Bukovina by the Habsburg Monarchy Habsburg Empire . start box succession box before Grigore Callimachi title List of Moldavian rulers Prince Voivode of Moldavia years 1764 1767 after Grigore Callimachi succession box before Russian occupation title List of Moldavian rulers Prince Voivode of Moldavia years 1774 1777 after Constantin Moruzi end box References commonscat inline Grigore III Ghica Unreferenced date June 2007 DEFAULTSORT Ghica, Grigore III Category Ghica family Category Rulers of Moldavia Category Rulers of Wallachia Category Year of death unknown Romania bio stub Moldova bio stub euro royal stub el fr Grigore III Ghica pl Grzegorz Aleksander Ghica zm. 1777 ro Grigore al III lea Ghica ru III ... more details
For the Professional Lighting and Sound Association PLASA Image Judetul Timis 1930.png thumb The pl i of Timi County in 1930 Plas IPA ro plas , plural pl i IPA ro pl was a territorial division unit of Romania , ranking below Counties of Romania county jude and above Communes of Romania commune . It was headed by a Praetor Recent Praetors Pretor , appointed by the Prefect Romania county Prefect . The institution headed by the Pretor was called Pretur . The division of counties into pl i was used starting from the rule of Carol I of Romania Carol I as Domnitor , throughout the existence of a Kingdom of Romania Romanian Kingdom , and during the first two years of Communist Romania , until they were replaced in 1950 by raion s, following the Soviet Union Soviet system. ref Legea nr. 5 pentru raionarea administrativ economic a teritoriului Republicii Populare Rom ne published in Monitorul Oficial Buletinul Oficial , No. 77 September 8, 1950 Ronald A. Helin, The Volatile Administrative Map of Rumania , in Annals of the Association of American Geographers , Vol. 57, No. 3 September 1967 , pp.481 502 ref References reflist coord missing Romania Types of administrative country subdivision DEFAULTSORT Plasa Category Former subdivisions of Romania Category Types of country subdivisions romania stub it Plas he ro Plas ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Unreferenced date March 2010 Image Laiota.jpg thumb right Basarab Laiot cel B tr n Basarab III cel B tr n the Old , also known as Laiot Basarab or Basarab Laiot was domnitor of the principality of Wallachia in the 1470s, repeating the achievement of his father Dan II of Wallachia Dan II in being elected by the boyars as List of Wallachian rulers Prince on five different occasions. Moreover, he succeeded the same domnitor Radu cel Frumos in Dan II s case on four separate occasions. Two of his reigns also surrounded the last period in which Vlad III the Impaler ruled over Wallachia. He ruled In the year 1473. In the year 1474. Again in 1474. Between the years 1475 and 1476. Between the years 1476 and 1477. In 1479 he joined in the Battle of Breadfield . S start Succession box before Radu cel Frumos title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1473 after Radu cel Frumos Succession box before Radu cel Frumos title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1474 after Radu cel Frumos Succession box before Radu cel Frumos title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1474 after Radu cel Frumos Succession box before Radu cel Frumos title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1475 1476 after Vlad III the Impaler Succession box before Vlad III the Impaler title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1476 1477 after Basarab epelu cel T n r S end Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Batran, Basarab Laiota Cel ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Batran, Basarab Laiota Cel Category Rulers of Wallachia Category Year of birth unknown Category Year of death unknown Category 15th century Romanian people Romania bio stub Euro noble stub es Basarab Laiot cel B tr n fr Basarab III Laiot cel B tr n it Basarab III Laiot cel B tr n pl Basarab III Stary ro Basarab al III lea cel B tr n sk Basarab I ... more details
Alexandru Candiano Popescu January 27, 1841 June 25, 1901 was a Romanian army general, lawyer, journalist, and poet, best known for his role in the Republic of Ploie ti Conspiracy political conspiracy . Biography He joined the military school in 1854, becoming an artillery Sub Lieutenant in 1859. As a captain, he took part in the coup of February 11, 1866 that toppled Alexander John Cuza , the ruling Domnitor of the Danubian Principalities United Principalities . In 1867, he resigned from the Romanian Army and started two newspapers Perseveren a and Democra ia , in which he supported Liberalism and radicalism in Romania democratic ideas. Considered a political agitator , he was arrested three times, including once in Austria Hungary , where he was imprisoned for several weeks in the fortress of Arad, Romania Arad . In August 1870, he took part in the Republicanism republican insurrection against the House of Hohenzollern Hohenzollern Domnitor , Carol I of Romania Carol I , in Ploie ti . The movement was suppressed and he was charged along with 40 other people, but the T rgovi te court of law acquitted them. In his tongue in cheek account of the insurrection Boborul , Ion Luca Caragiale identified Candiano Popescu with the Republic s president , and claimed that he had appointed several of his collaborators into high office. In 1877, as the Russo Turkish War, 1877 1878 War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire began, Candiano, although he was a deputy in the Parliament of Romania Romanian Parliament , joined the army to take part in the assault over Grivitsa , being the commander of the 2nd Hunters Battalion, receiving the Order of St. George from Alexander II of Russia Alexander II , the List of Russian rulers Emperor of Russian Empire Russia . In 1880, he became Carol s Adjutant , a position he held for 12 years. In 1894, he was named General of Cavalry. He wrote a volume of poetry, C nd n aveam ce face 1866 , and several war songs. References I. L. Caragiale, ... more details
Politics of Romania United Principalities 1859 1881 Non dynastic Domnitor 1859 1866 class wikitable Picture Name Born Died Reign Notes Image Alexander Ioan Cuza.jpg 80px Alexandru Ioan Cuza 1820 1873 24 January 1859 23 February 1866 First DomnitorDomnitor of the United Principalities deposed in 1866. Image LocotenentaDomneasca1866.jpg 80px Princely Lieutenancy of Romania 1866 Princely Lieutenancy 23 February 1866 22 May 1866 Lasc r Catargiu br gen. Nicolae Golescu br col. Nicolae Haralambie House of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen 1866 1881 class wikitable Picture Name Born Died Reign Notes Image Carol I of Romania king.jpg 80px Carol I of Romania Carol I 1839 1914 22 May 1866 26 March 1881 Second DomnitorDomnitor of the United Principalities became first King of the Romanians in 1881. Kingdom of Romania 1881 1947 House of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen 1881 1947 class wikitable Picture Name Born Died Reign Notes Image Carol I of Romania king.jpg 80px Carol I of Romania Carol I 1839 1914 26 March 1881 10 October 1914 First King of the Romanians Image King Ferdinand of Romania.jpg 80px Ferdinand I of Romania Ferdinand I 1865 1927 10 October 1914 20 July 1927 Became King of Greater Romania in 1922. Image Mihai.jpg 80px Michael I of Romania Mihai I 1921 20 July 1927 8 June 1930 First reign, with Prince Nicholas of Romania Prince Nicholas , Miron Cristea , Gheorghe Buzdugan and Constantin S r eanu as regents Image King Carol II of Romania.jpg 80px Carol II of Romania Carol II 1893 1953 8 June 1930 6 September 1940 Abdicated in 1940. Image Mihai.jpg 80px Michael I of Romania Mihai I 1921 6 September 1940 30 December 1947 Second reign with Ion Antonescu as Conduc tor until 1944. Abdicated in 1947 under Romanian Communist Party Communist pressure. People s Republic of Romania 1947 1965 class wikitable Picture Name Born Died Term of office Position s Image Constantin Parhon.jpg 80px Constantin ... term 21 December 2009 Present See also Domnitor King of the Romanians President of Romania Footnotes ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Basarab IV cel T n r the Young , also known as epelu the little Impaler , son of Basarab II , was domnitor of the principality of Wallachia , between the years 1477 1481, and again from 1481 to 1482. Curiously, and symbolically of the unstable political climate of Medieval Wallachia, despite the fact that he was removed from his position in 1481, and replaced the same year, two other men were granted the title Prince of Wallachia between his two reigns. In 1479 he was forced by Ali Kodsha to take part on the Ottoman campaign against Transylvania , where he faced his arch rival uncle Basarab Laiot cel B tr n who had been living in Transylvania since 1477, having been ousted from the throne of Wallachia, by cel T n r. Basarab IV brought approx. 2,000 infantry to the campaign, but was defeated in the Battle of Breadfield . Start box Succession box before Basarab Laiot cel B tr n title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1477 1481 after Vlad C lug rul Succession box before Vlad C lug rul title List of Wallachian rulers Prince of Wallachia years 1481 1482 after Vlad C lug rul End box DEFAULTSORT Tanar, Basarab Tepelus Cel Category Rulers of Wallachia Romania bio stub Euro royal stub es Basarab epelu cel T n r fr Basarab IV epelu cel T n r it Basarab IV epelu cel T n r pl Basarab IV ro Basarab al IV lea cel T n r sk Basarab IV. ... more details
File Maria Obrenovici.jpg thumb Marija Obrenovi Elena Maria Catargiu Obrenovi Serbian language Serbian Serbian Cyrillic alphabet Cyrillic 1831 Ia i June 28, 1879 or July 16, 1876 Dresda , known in Serbia as Marija Obrenovi , was a Moldavia n and Romania n boyar ess. She was the mother of King Milan I of Serbia and the Mistress lover mistress of Alexander John Cuza . Born Elena Maria Catargiu , a member of the Catargiu family, she was married to Milo Obrenovi . Her husband was a nephew of Milo Obrenovi I, Prince of Serbia the founder of the House of Obrenovi and cousin of Mihailo Obrenovi III 1823 1868 , Prince of Serbia 1839 1842 and 1860 1868 . Their son, Milan Obrenovi IV Milan Obrenovi 1854 1901 , became Prince of Serbia 1868 1882 and then King of Serbia 1882 1889 as Milan I. Later in life, she was the Mistress lover mistress of Alexander John Cuza , Domnitor of the Kingdom of Romania Principality of Romania . Marija Obrenovi had two sons by Cuza Alexandru Al. Ioan Cuza and Dimitrie Cuza . ref name dimitrie http thepeerage.com p22376.htm i223760 Dimitrie Cuza s page on thePeerage.com ref Cuza s wife, Elena Cuza Elena Rosetti , who was childless, raised her husband s two illegitimate children as her own. Dimitrie committed suicide in 1888, ref name dimitrie and Alexandru died the following year. Issue By her husband, Milo Obrenovi Milan I of Serbia 22 August 1854 &ndash 11 February 1901 By Alexander John Cuza Alexandru Al. Ioan Cuza born between 1862 and 1864, died 1889 Dimitrie Cuza 1865 1888 References reflist External links http pages.prodigy.net ptheroff gotha yugoslavia.html The Online Gotha Category 1831 births Obrenovic, Marija Category Romanian nobility Obrenovic, Marija Category Royal mistresses Obrenovic, Marija Category House of Obrenovi Marija Category 1879 deaths Romania bio stub ro Maria Obrenovici ... more details
Ion or Ioan Roat 1806, C mpuri , Vrancea County February 19, 1882, C mpuri Gura V ii , also known as Mo Ion Roat , was a Moldavia n born Romania n peasant and political figure. Roat was representative in the Moldavian ad hoc Divan for the peasant electoral college of Putna County . With Partida Na ional , he supported the election of Alexander John Cuza as List of rulers of Moldavia Prince of Moldavia , as well as endorsing his elections in Wallachia as the union of the two Danubian Principalities , which eventually occurred on January 24, 1859 . At the same time, he campaigned in favor of land reform in Moldavia and Romania at large. Roat was known for his personal friendship with Domnitor Cuza and his main supporter, Mihail Kog lniceanu events involving the three of them are present in a series of anecdote s by Ion Creang . Wikisourcelang ro Mo Ion Roat Mo Ion Roat an anecdote by Ion Creang External links ro icon http www.infoportal.ro articol din cultura info 185943 un vrancean luptator pentru unire mos ion roata.html Un vr ncean lupt tor pentru unire Mo Ion Roat , Ialomi a , January 23, 2007 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Roata, Ion ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1806 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH February 19, 1882 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Roata, Ion Category People from Vrancea County Category Romanian politicians Category 1806 births Category 1882 deaths Romania bio stub it Ion Roat ro Ion Roat ... more details
Other places3 Cuza Vod disambiguation Infobox settlement more fields are available for this Infobox See Template Infobox settlement subdivision type Countries of the world Country subdivision name ROU timezone Eastern European Time EET utc offset 2 timezone DST Eastern European Summer Time EEST utc offset DST 3 map caption Location of Cuza Vod , Constan a official name Cuza Vod image shield image map subdivision type1 Counties of Romania County subdivision name1 Constan a County subdivision type2 Subdivisions of Romania Status subdivision name2 Communes of Romania Commune settlement type Commune leader title Mayor leader name Eugen Dumitru leader party Social Democratic Party Romania Social Democratic Party area total km2 53.22 population as of 2004 population total 3246 website http www.cuza voda.ro pushpin map Romania pushpin label position left latd 44 latm 18 lats 0 latNS N longd 28 longm 19 longs 0 longEW E coordinates type region RO type city 3220 coordinates display display inline,title Cuza Vod is a Commune in Romania commune in Constan a County , Romania . The commune includes one village Cuza Vod historical name Docuzol , lang tr Dokuz O ul named after the Romanian Domnitor Alexander John Cuza . Constan a County References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Cuza Voda Category Communes in Constan a County Constan a geo stub it Cuza Vod Costanza pt Cuza Vod Constan a ro Cuza Vod , Constan a vi Cuza Vod , Constan a vo Cuza Vod Constan a ... more details
Alexandru is a common Romania n given name for males. It is equivalent to the English language English name Alexander . A common diminutive is Sandu another common diminutive is Alecu . Its female forms are Alexandra and Alexandrina . Rulers small in chronological order small Alexandru cel Bun d.1432 , Prince of Moldavia 1400 1432 Alexandru I Aldea 1397 1436 , Prince of Wallachia 1431 1436 Alexandru L pu neanu Prince of Moldavia 1552 1561 and 1564 1568 Alexandru II Mircea , Hospodar of Wallachia 1568 1574 and 1574 1577 Alexandru Ghica , Prince of Wallachia 1766 1768 Alexandru Su u 1758 1821 , Prince of Moldavia and Prince of Wallachia Alexandru II Ghica 1796 1862 , Prince of Wallachia Alexander John Cuza Alexandru Ioan Cuza 1820 1873 , Prince of Moldavia, Domnitor of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia 1859 1866 Prime ministers Alexandru Athanasiu Alexandru Averescu Alexandru G. Golescu Alexandru Marghiloman Alexandru Vaida Voevod Religious leaders Alexandru Sterca ulu iu Alexandru afran Alexandru Todea Other people Alexandru Apolzan Alexandru Bogdan Pite ti Alexandru Borza Alexandru Candiano Popescu Alexandru Cantacuzino Alexandru Caraman Alexandru Ciucurencu Alexandru Ciurcu Alexandru Davila Alexandru Dobrogeanu Gherea Alexandru Dragomir Alexandru Frim Alexandru Ghika Alexandru Graur Alexandru Hrisoverghi Alexandru Koller Alexandru Le co Alexandru Macedonski Alexandru Marin Alexandru Ioan Mor un Alexandru Mo anu Alexandru Nicolschi Alexandru Odobescu Alexandru Ora cu Alexandru Paleologu Alexandru Papadopol Alexandru Papiu Ilarian Alexandru Pl m deal Alexandru Popovici Moldovan footballer Alexandru Popovici Romanian footballer Alexandru Proca Alexandru Sahia Alexandru Sturdza Alexandru Stahie Romanian footballer, also known as Flipper Alexandru erb nescu Alexandru Tamasan Romanian mathematician Alexandru Terhe Alexandru Toma Alexandru Tudose Alexandru Tyroler Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol Alexandru Zub DEFAULTSORT Alexandru Name Category Romanian ... more details
Domnitor Romanian a domni , to rule, from Domn , Lord the official title of the ruler of Romania between 1859 and 1881 also unofficially used earlier . ref DEX domnitor ref Dreg tor Romanian a drege , to fix ... and Moldavia in Slavic documents. Ispravnic Slavic izpravnik a representative of the Domnitor in a county ... domnitor s adviser. ref DEX sfetnic ref Sp tar Greek spatharios In Wallachia, holder of the royal ... or doorman ref DEX ceau ref Chehaia Turkish kehaya representative of the Domnitor at the Ottoman ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox Prime Minister name Nicolae Cre ulescu br Nicolae Kretzulescu nationality smallimage image Nicolae Cretulescu.jpg imagesize 150px caption order Prime Minister of Romania term start June 24, 1862&mdash October 11, 1863 br June 14, 1865 term end February 11, 1866 vicepresident deputy predecessor Barbu Catargiu br Mihail Kog lniceanu successor Mihail Kog lniceanu br Lasc r Catargiu birth date 1812 birth place Bucharest , Romania death date death year and age 1900 1812 death place constituency party spouse profession religion signature footnotes Nicolae Cre ulescu or Kretzulescu 1812 1900 was a Wallachia n born Romania n politician and physician. He served three terms as Prime Minister of Romania from 1862 to 1863, again from 1865 to 1866, and finally in 1867. He was elected to the Romanian Academy . Born in Bucharest , he studied medicine in Paris , having Gustave Flaubert as a colleague. As a physician, his notable work was the translation of Jean Cruveilhier s manual of anatomy . A member of the National Liberal Party Romania Liberal faction , Cre ulescu first became prime minister after the assassination of Barbu Catargiu , under Domnitor Alexander John Cuza . He avoided debating the issue of land reform , at that time the most contentious subject in Romanian politics instead, Cre ulescu focused on unifying the public health system, creating the Directorate General of the Public Archive, and establishing a Council for Public Instruction. Additionally, he laid the groundwork for further laws Secularization secularizing nationalizing the property of Monastery monasteries . RomanianPrimeMinisters Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Cretulescu, Nicolae ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1812 PLACE OF BIRTH Bucharest , Romania DATE OF DEATH 1900 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Cretulescu, Nicolae Category 1812 births Category 1900 deaths Category People from Bucharest Category Prime Ministers ... more details
Ioan M. Manu , also known as Iancu Manu 1803 November 29 Old Style O.S. , 1874 , was a Romania n boyar and politician. Biography He was the son of Mihail G. Manu , born into a family of Republic of Venice Venetian origins that had moved from Istanbul to Wallachia in the mid 18th century, where it was one of the noble families of Phanariotes . Ioan Manu studied at home and then at the Romanian school of Ion Heliade R dulescu , Simeon Marcovici and others. During the rule of Imperial Russia n governor Pavel Kiselyov see Regulamentul Organic , he was a prefect of Gala i , then a prefect of Giurgiu and in 1833, he settled in the capital Bucharest , holding several offices in succession a Vornic during the reign of List of rulers of Wallachia Prince Alexandru II Ghica , a secretary of the Sfatul boieresc National Assembly , and an Agha Ottoman Empire Aga prefect of police during the reign of Gheorghe Bibescu when he organized the first Firefighter s Corps in Wallachia . In exchange for his leadership during a great fire in 1847 see History of Bucharest , Manu was awarded a sword of honour by the city. During the 1848 Wallachian Revolution , he fled the country, returning after some time, but staying out of politics for a while. He later became a Postelnic Foreign Minister during the reign of Barbu Dimitrie tirbei . In his political activity, Manu climbed all the boyar ranks, eventually reaching the highest one, that of Great Vornic . In 1858, after the Crimean War removed the country from Russian overseeing, he was, with Emanoil B leanu and Ioan Al. Filipescu , one of the three Caimacam s who List of rulers of Wallachia administered Wallachia pending the election of a new prince by the ad hoc Divan . In 1859, he supported the former prince Bibescu instead of Alexander John Cuza , and, during the latter s rule as Domnitor of the Danubian Principalities United Principalities , he retired from public life. Manu returned only when Carol I of Romania Carol I replaced Cuza, b ... more details
Image M n stirea Cotroceni, 1860.jpg thumb 350px 1860 engraving showing the Cotroceni Monastery and its estate in Bucharest The law on the secularization of monastery estates in Romania was proposed in December 1863 by Domnitor Alexander John Cuza Alexandru Ioan Cuza and approved by the Parliament of Romania . By its terms, the Romania n state confiscated the large Estate land estates owned by the Romanian Orthodox Church Eastern Orthodox Church in Romania which was in strict obedience to the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople Greek Orthodox Church at the time . One of the measures ensuring secularism and the separation of church and state , it was also designed to provide an arable land reserve for land reform , without raising the issue of boyar estates. Probably more than a quarter of Romania s farmland was controlled by untaxed Eastern Orthodox Church Eastern Orthodox Dedication Dedicated Monasteries , which supported Greeks Greek and other foreign monks in shrines such as Mount Athos and Jerusalem . These estates, which were mostly formed under Phanariote reigns in Wallachia and Moldavia respectively, had a low productivity and were also a substantial drain on state revenues. The measure was unpopular among both Liberalism in Romania Liberal and Conservative Party Romania, 1880 1918 Conservative groupings, but it had both popular support and the support of Romania s Suzerainty suzerain , the Ottoman Empire . On December 23, the Ottoman Empire requested the intervention of the guaranteeing Great Power powers the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , the Second French Empire , Italy , the Austrian Empire , Prussia , and the Russian Empire &mdash all had been overseeing Romania ever since the Treaty of Paris 1856 1856 Treaty of Paris to influence the country in passing the bill. However, List of Prime Ministers of Romania Prime Minister Mihail Kog lniceanu did not wait for their intervention, and on December 25, 1863, he introduced the bill into Par ... more details
universal manhood suffrage , together with the power of the Domnitor to rule by decree, passed by a vote ... Domnitor as Carol I of Romania on 20 April 1866. The election of a foreign prince with ties ... title Domnitor years 1862 1866 s aft after Carol I of Romania Carol I end Heads of State of Romania ... more details
Wilhelm Knechtel lang es Guillermo Knechtel August 13, 1837, Pihl &ndash October 22, 1924, Bucharest was an ethnic German Austrian Empire Austrian Romania n gardener and botanist . Biography Born in Bohemia in a village now belonging to Nov Bor , Knechtel worked in Prague , then entered into the service of Maximilian I of Mexico Archduke Maximilian in 1860 at Miramare Miramare Castle in Trieste , Italy . When the Archduke was crowned Emperor of Mexico emperor of Mexico , Wilhelm accompanied him and designed various gardens in Mexico City , including the roof garden in Chapultepec Castle . After Maximilian s incarceration in June 1867, he briefly served in Lacroma a small island in the Adriatic Sea , before going into the service of Domnitor , later King of Romania King Carol I of Romania , as Director of Gardens and Professor of Botany at the Bucharest School of Agriculture . He was knighted Cavaler al Ordinului Coroanei Rom niei Knight of the Order of the Romanian Crown by Carol I of Romania on January 17, 1883. Besides his botanical work, Knechtel also served as a professor of German language German , Czech language Czech , Latin , Italian language Italian , Spanish language Spanish and Romanian language Romanian . After his passing, Wilhelm Knechtel was buried in the Lutheranism Lutheran Cemetery in Bucharest. Bibliography Handschriftliche Aufzeichnungen meiner pers nlichen Eindr cke und Erlebnisse in Mexiko in den Jahren 1864 1867 Memorias del jardinero de Maximiliano de M xico Written notes of my personal impressions and experiences in Mexico in the years between 1864 1867 Memoires of the gardener to Maximilian of Mexico . Translation by Susanne Igler, Prologue by Amparo G mez Tepexicuapan, Edition by Jean Gerard Sidaner. To be published in Mexico City by The National Museum of History, Castillo de Chapultepec, Mexico 2000 2001 . German original published in approx. 1905 by Karl Bellmann Prague . G mez Tepexicuapan, Amparo Los jardines de Chapultepec en el sig ... more details
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