Refimprove date August 2008 The doctrine of signatures is a philosophy shared by herbalist s from the time of Dioscurides and Galen . This doctrine states that herbs that resemble various parts of the body ... they were thought to do good. Scientists see the doctrine of signatures as superstition . There is no scientific ... date March 2011 The doctrine of signatures was further spread by the writings of Jakob B hme 1575 ... May 16, 2008 last Pearce first J.M.S. publisher karger.com title The Doctrine of Signatures accessdate ... in terra . Michel Foucault expressed the wider usage of the doctrine of signatures, which rendered ... as The Signature of All Things , and the spiritual doctrine was applied to the medicinal uses that plants forms advertised. In herbalism The doctrine of signatures is a philosophy shared by herbalist s from the time of Dioscurides and Galen . This doctrine states that herbs that resemble various parts of the body can be used to treat ailments of that part of the body. Although the doctrine of signatures ... Nicholas Culpeper s often reprinted Complete Herbal takes the doctrine of signatures as common knowledge ... the doctrine of signatures as superstition . The links are not Causality causal , and are consequently widely regarded as purely coincidental. There is no evidence that plant signatures helped in the discovery of medical uses of the plants. The signatures are described as Post hoc ergo propter ... C. authorlink coauthors year 2007 month title Doctrine of Signatures An Explanation of Medicinal Plant ... books?id 93bOlHs9ZooC The doctrine of signatures a defense of theory in medicine Scott Milross Buchanan, first published 1938 DEFAULTSORT Doctrine Of Signatures Category History of ideas Category ... in his opinion, they Have the perfect Signatures of the Head . Regarding Hypericum , he wrote, The little ... Some wort plants and their signatures Lousewort , Pedicularis thought to be useful in repelling lice ... de las signaturas fr Th orie des signatures gv Aaraue cowraghyn hu Szignat ratan nl Signatuurleer ... more details
Image Signatures dc.jpg thumb right Signatures restaurant, in the Penn Quarter, Washington, D.C. Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C. , once owned by Jack Abramoff, is under new ownership and will be renamed. Signatures Restaurant is the Washington D.C. restaurant opened by Jack Abramoff at 801 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in 2002, mere steps from the United States Navy Memorial . Expensive and lavishly appointed with expensive memorabilia, Villeroy & Boch Charger table setting charger s and Christofle flatware, Signatures was used by Abramoff in coordination with his skyboxes and foreign trips to monetary influence of Jack Abramoff spend money primarily given by Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal Indian tribes on politicians. During 17 months between 2002 and 2003 Signatures gave away 180,000 of food and drinks. http www.tpmcafe.com story 2005 8 4 152337 8867 Signatures rivaled the Capital Grille , opened in 1994, as the premier high end GOP restaurant in town. It was more successful than Abramoff s other Washington D.C. food ventures Archives Restaurant and Stacks Delicatessen , both kosher eateries. The political website PoliticsPA named it to their list of restaurants frequented by politicians. ref cite web title 2002 Politics PA Restaurant Guide work PoliticsPA publisher ... tribal clients hundreds of thousands of dollars for meals at Signatures. Billing, campaign finance ... to House ethics rules. Bob Ney paid Signatures about 1,900 for meals and events between 2002 and 2004 ... and his investors put more than 3 million into Signatures, spending 7 percent of revenues on comped ... of Signatures was Livsar Enterprises , with Rodney Lane acting as the CEO. The registered agent was lawyer Yale Ginsburg lawyer Jay Kaplan led the Signatures restaurant group. According to emails ... to have under the control of his wife Pamela. Signatures was Built by John S. Hillery & Assoc. Const ... The Hill title Signatures A special place to dine with history date May 8, 2002 cite news url ... more details
For the PHP object relational mapping framework Doctrine PHP br Refimprove date May 2008 Wiktionary Doctrine ... . The Greece Greek analogy is the etymology of catechism . Often doctrine specifically connotes a corpus of religious dogma as it is promulgated by a church, but not necessarily doctrine is also used ... decisions, such as the doctrine of self defense , or the principle of fair use , or the more narrowly applicable first sale doctrine . In some organizations, doctrine is simply defined as that which is taught ... Christian Trinity and Virgin Birth Christian doctrine virgin birth Roman Catholic transubstantiation ... Grace Hinduism The Doctrine of epoch or Yuga Jainism The Doctrine of Postulation or Sy dv da One department of the Roman Curia is called the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith . ref http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 167462 Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith ref ref http www.ewtn.com ... is tactical doctrine in which a standard set of maneuvers, kinds of troops and weapons are employed as a default approach to a kind of attack. Examples of military doctrine s include Soviet deep ... Manhunting doctrine , or assured individual destruction Almost every military organization has its own doctrine, sometimes written, sometimes unwritten. Some military doctrines are transmitted through ... United Nations peacekeeping operations Capstone Doctrine ref http pbpu.unlb.org pbps Library Capstone Doctrine ENG.pdf Capstone Doctrine ref which speaks to integrated civilian and military operations. Legal usage A legal doctrine is a body of inter related rules usually of common law and built over a long period of time associated with a legal concept or principle. For example the doctrine ... be contained within a bubble of frustration . In a court session a defendant may refer to the doctrine ... contain various rules or tests . The test of non occurrence of crucial event is part of the doctrine .... See also Hallstein Doctrine Monroe Doctrine References reflist External links Wiktionary wikiquote ... more details
Worldwide, legislation concerning the effect and validity of digital signatures includes Argentina http ... of electronic documents with attached secure electronic signatures, and of the authenticity of the secure electronic signatures themselves. China http www.cin.gov.cn law other 2005040803.htm Electronic ... the conduct of electronic signatures, confirming the legal validity of electronic signatures ... Economic Area European Union Directive establishing the framework for electronic signatures http ... Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 1999 on a Community framework for electronic signatures ..., 2000 Belgium http mineco.fgov.be information society e signatures law e signature 002.pdf Signature Law, 2001 Czech Republic http www.micr.cz scripts detail.php?id 1542 Act on Electronic Signatures ... Communications Act, 2000 http www.opsi.gov.uk si si2002 20020318.htm The Electronic Signatures ...&query digitaalallkirja&tyyp X&ptyyp RT&pg 1&fr no Digital Signatures Act consolidated text Dec 2003 ...?nid 3911&bet 2000 832 Qualified Electronic Signatures Act SFS 2000 832 in Swedish . http www.pts.se ... policy netsecurity digitalsign law.htm Law Concerning Electronic Signatures and Certification ... Electronic Signatures and Certification Services, 2000 unofficial English translation Malaysia http ... signatures.html UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures 2001 , a strong influence in the field. United States Uniform Electronic Transactions Act UETA Electronic Signatures in Global and National ... permits the use of electronic signatures in many situations, and preempts many state laws that would otherwise limit the use of electronic signatures. Uruguay Uruguay laws include both, electronic and digital signatures http www.parlamento.gub.uy Leyes Ley16736.htm art695 Concerning passwords ... and three independent certificate authorities all of which are issuing qualified digital signatures ... tr icon E Tugra http www.e tugra.com E tugra.com tr icon Turkey had a recent triumph in digital signatures ... more details
Image Arton11.png 300px right thumb Change for Equality logo One Million Signatures for the Repeal of Discriminatory ... in Iran to collect one million signatures in support of changing discriminatory laws against women ... has had to extend its two year target to collect the full number of signatures. ref name ... signatures to support reform of the law, the Campaign, in its own words, also aims to achieve the following ..., but widespread among diverse parts of the Iranian population. Strategy Plans to gather signatures ... a similar campaign for women s rights. The Million Signatures campaign was initiated solely by Iranian ... signatures both from Iranian citizens who live in Iran, and from those who are residents of other ... of her leading role in the One Million Signatures campaign for women s equality in Iran. However, on March ... honored the One Million Signatures Campaign as a recipient of the 2009 Global Women s Rights Award ... Ceremony ref Publishing of Iranian Women s One Million Signatures Campaign for Equality The Inside ... Women s One Million Signatures Campaign for Equality The Inside Story Eloquently written by Noushin ... publications other iran oms ref Iranian Women s One Million Signatures Campaign for Equality ..., to reduce the financial burden on men. Many leaders of the Signatures campaign actively worked against ... of lashes. According to California State University professor Nayereh Tohidi , women collecting signatures ... after she collected signatures at a Children s Day celebration for the One Million Signature Campaign ... 2008, a court sentenced to jail four women leaders involved in the One Million Signatures campaign ... detention related to involvement in the One Million Signatures campaign. ref name AFP20081025 cite ... Sources Update A million Signatures for Women , February 14, 2007, http www.nobelwomensinitiative.org ... Iran s Women s Rights Movement and the One Million Signatures Campaign , Payvand, December 16, 2006 .... External links Sussan Tahmasebi http www.we change.org english spip.php?article226 One Million Signatures ... more details
The phrase merger doctrine or doctrine of merger may refer to one of several legal doctrines Merger doctrine antitrust law Merger doctrine civil procedure Merger doctrine copyright law The merger doctrine in criminal law of lesser included offense s Merger doctrine family law Merger doctrine property law Merger doctrine trust law disambig Category Legal doctrines and principles ... more details
see also Predestination Calvinism Doctrine of Election , the doctrine that the salvation of a man depends on the election of God for that end, of which there are two chief phases one is election to be Christ s, or unconditional election or Doctrine of Free Will , and the other that it is election in Christ, or conditional election. In its proper theology theological sense, the Doctrine of Election is monergism monergistic as opposed to synergism synergistic . Nuttall Christian theology stub Category Christian theology ... more details
Dablink For the rule of evidence in law, see doctrine of chances . File Abraham de Moivre Doctrine of Chance 1718.gif thumb right Front page of the 1st edition of the Doctrine of Chances . The Doctrine of Chances was the first textbook on probability theory , written by 18th century French mathematician Abraham de Moivre and first published in 1718. ref name schneider citation title Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics 1640 1940 editor first I. editor last Grattan Guinness first Ivo last Schneider contribution Abraham De Moivre, The Doctrine of Chances 1718, 1738, 1756 year 2005 isbn 0444508716 page 105 120 publisher Elsevier location Amsterdam . ref De Moivre wrote in English because he resided in England at the time, having fled France to escape the persecution of Huguenots . The book s title came to be synonymous with probability theory , and accordingly the phrase was used in Thomas Bayes famous posthumous paper An Essay Toward Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances , wherein a version of Bayes theorem was first introduced. Editions The full title of the first edition was The doctrine of chances or, a method for calculating the probabilities of events in play it was published in 1718, by W. Pearson, and ran for 175 pages. Published in 1738 by Woodfall and running for 258 pages, the second edition of de Moivre s book introduced the concept of normal distribution s as approximations ... Anders last Hald contribution De Moivre and the Doctrine of Chances , 1718, 1738, and 1756 title ... details doctrineofchance00moiv The third edition of The Doctrine of Chances. http books.google.com books?id 3EPac6QpbuMC Full text of The Doctrine of Chances , 1st edition from books.google.com Category Mathematics books Doctrine of Chances, The Category 1718 books Doctrine of Chances, The Category 1738 books Doctrine of Chances 2nd edition , The Category Statistics books Doctrine of Chances, The Category 1710s in science Category 1718 in science es The Doctrine of Chances nl The Doctrine ... more details
See also DataEase , whose query language is also called DQL. Infobox Software logo Image Doctrine logo white.png name Doctrine latest release version 2.0.2 latest release date release date 2011 03 05 operating ... project.org Doctrine is an Object relational mapping object relational mapper ORM for PHP that provides ... layer . One of Doctrine s key features is the option to write database queries in a proprietary object oriented SQL dialect called Doctrine Query Language DQL . Usage demonstration Doctrine follows ... of the software project. Features Image doctrine layers.jpg thumb 250px Media doctrine layers.jpg Overview of Doctrine One feature of Doctrine is the low level of configuration that is needed to start a project. Doctrine can generate object classes from an existing database, and the programmer can ... of Doctrine is the ability to optionally write database queries in an OO Object oriented programming object oriented SQL dialect called DQL Doctrine Query Language inspired by Hibernate Java Hibernate s Hibernate Query Language HQL . Alternately, the tt Doctrine Query tt class allows one to construct ... requiring any code duplication. Writing queries explicitly however is not always necessary, as Doctrine ... constructed without writing queries. Other notable features of Doctrine are support for hierarchical .... History Doctrine was started by Konsta Vesterinen , also known as zYne . The project s initial commit ... of Code project. Doctrine 1.0.0 was released on September 1, 2008. ref http www.doctrine project.org blog doctrine 1 0 released Doctrine 1.0.0 released ref The first stable version of Doctrine 2.0 was released ... http www.doctrine project.org blog doctrine2 released ref Influences Doctrine has been influenced by dozens ... language Ruby languages. The purpose of the Doctrine project is to build an equally powerful solution for the PHP language. Community There is an active IRC channel where users and developers of Doctrine ... is tt doctrine tt . irc irc.freenode.net doctrine User mailing list http groups.google.com group ... more details
The Johnson Doctrine , enunciated by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson after the United States intervention in the Dominican Republic in 1965, declared that domestic revolution in the Western Hemisphere would no longer be a local matter when the object is the establishment of a Communist dictatorship . It is an extension of the Eisenhower Doctrine Eisenhower and Kennedy Doctrine s. See also Monroe Doctrine Brezhnev Doctrine References Unreferenced date September 2008 Further reading Meiert ns, Heiko 2010 The Doctrines of US Security Policy An Evaluation under International Law , Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521766487. Template group list Cold War Foreign relations of the United States expanded DPC Category Foreign policy doctrines of the United States Category Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson Category 1965 in the United States Category 1965 in international relations Category Article Feedback Pilot US poli stub fr Doctrine Johnson hu Johnson doktr na ru sk Johnsonova doktr na fi Johnson oppi uk ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 lead too short December 2009 Prime Minister of Israel Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin enunciated what came to be known as the Begin doctrine On no account shall we permit an enemy to develop weapons of mass destruction WMD against the people of Israel . This doctrine has been used by Israeli politicians to justify a possible attack on Iran s project to develop a nuclear facility. Begin formed the doctrine to justify the Israeli attack on the Iraq i nuclear reactor Osirak in Operation Opera in 1981. Category Foreign policy doctrines Category 1981 in Israel Category 1981 in international relations Israel stub ... more details
dablink Principle of law redirects here. For other uses, see law principle . A legal doctrine is a framework, set of rules, procedural steps, or test, often established through precedent in the common law , through which judgments can be determined in a given legal case. A doctrine comes about when a judge makes a ruling where a process is outlined and applied, and allows for it to be equally applied to like cases. When enough judges make use of the process soon enough it becomes established as the de facto method of deciding like situations. See also Constitutionalism Constitutional economics Rule according to higher law External links Emerson H. Tiller and Frank B. Cross, http www.law.northwestern.edu lawreview v100 n1 517 LR100n1Tiller Cross.pdf What is Legal Doctrine? , Northwestern University Law Review , Vol. 100 1, 2006. DEFAULTSORT Legal Doctrine Category Legal doctrines and principles Law stub bg ru ... more details
Development of doctrine is a term used by John Henry Newman and other theologians influenced by him to describe the way Catholic Church Catholic teaching has become more detailed and explicit over the centuries, while later statements of doctrine remain consistent with earlier statements. Newman s book The term was introduced in Newman s 1845 book An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine . Newman used the idea of development of doctrine to defend Catholic teaching from attacks by some Church of England Anglicans and other Protestant s, who saw certain elements in Catholic teaching as corruptions or innovations. He relied on an extensive study of early Church Fathers in tracing the elaboration or development of doctrine which he argued was in some way implicitly present in the Divine Revelation in Sacred Scripture and Tradition which was present from the beginnings of the Church. He argued that various Catholic doctrines not accepted by Protestants such as devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary , or Purgatory had a developmental history analogous to doctrines that were accepted by Protestants such as the Trinity or the divinity and humanity of Christ . Such developments were, in his view, the natural and beneficial consequences of reason working on the original revealed truth to draw out consequences that were not obvious at first. As distinct from evolution of dogmas There is a more radical understanding of development of doctrine that is known as evolution of dogmas . This view, mixed in with philosophical currents such as vitalism , immanentism and historicism , was at the heart of the Modernism Roman Catholicism modernist controversy during the papacy of Pius X , and was condemned in the encyclical Pascendi . Although modernist intellectualism intellectuals such as George ..., their goal was not so much to understand the ancient roots of Church doctrine but to make it evolve ... Doctrine . 1845, revised 1878 Category Catholic theology and doctrine RC stub eo Eseo pli la ... more details
Image The Doctrine of Awakening Cover.jpg thumb 210px The Doctrine of Awakening The Attainment of Self Mastery According to the Earliest Buddhist Texts is a book by philosopher and racial theorist Julius Evola . First published in Italian language Italian as La dottrina del risveglio in 1943. It was translated into English language English in 1948 by Nanavira Thera H.E. Musson , and republished in 1997 ISBN 0 89281 553 1 . Table of Contents Translator s Foreword Preface Introduction Part I Principles 1. Varieties of Ascesis 2. The Aryan ness of the Doctrine of Awakening 3. The Historical Context of the Doctrine of Awakening 4. Destruction of the Demon of Dialectics 5. The Flame and Samsara Samsaric Consciousness 6. Conditioned Genesis 7. Determination of the Vocations Part II Practice 8. The Qualities of the Combatant and the Departure 9. Defense and Consolidation 10. Rightness 11. Sidereal Awareness The Wounds Close 12. The Four Jhana The Irradiant Contemplations 13. The States Free from Form and the Extinction 14. Discrimination Between the Powers 15. Phenomenology philosophy Phenomenology of the Great Liberation 16. Signs of the Nonpareil 17. The Void If the Mind Does Not Break 18. Up to Zen 19. The Ariya Are Still Gathered on the Vulture s Peak Index External links http ccbs.ntu.edu.tw FULLTEXT JR EPT richard.htm Review of The Doctrine of Awakening by Richard Smoley in Parabola magazine Parabola magazine . http www.innertraditions.com isbn 0 89281 553 1 Publisher s blurb for The Doctrine of Awakening by Inner Traditions http www.stephenbatchelor.org existence2.html Discussion on The Doctrine of Awakening s translator Captain Nanavira Thera Harold Musson footer Works by Julius Evola DEFAULTSORT Doctrine Of Awakening Category Works by Julius Evola Category 1943 books Category Buddhism studies books reli book stub ... more details
The Calvo Doctrine is a foreign policy doctrine which holds that jurisdiction in international investment disputes lies with the country in which the investment is located. The Calvo Doctrine thus proposed to prohibit diplomatic protection or armed intervention before local resources were exhausted. An investor, under this doctrine, has no recourse but to use the local court s, rather than those of their home country. The principle, named after Carlos Calvo historian Carlos Calvo , an Argentina Argentine jurist , has been applied throughout Latin America and other areas of the world. The doctrine arose from Calvos s ideas, expressed in his Derecho internacional te rico y pr ctico de Europa y Am rica Paris , 1868 greatly expanded in subsequent editions, which were published in French language French . Calvo justified his doctrine as necessary to prevent the abuse of the jurisdiction of weak nations by more powerful nations. It has since been incorporated as a part of several Latin American constitution s, as well as many other treaty treaties , statute s, and contract s. The doctrine is used chiefly in concession contract concession contracts , the clause attempting to give local courts final jurisdiction and to obviate any appeal to diplomatic intervention. The Drago Doctrine is a narrower application of Calvo s wider principle. See also diplomatic protection References http www.bartleby.com 65 ca Calvo Ca.html Entry on Carlos Calvo from the Columbia Encyclopedia 6th Ed. http www.tradeport.org library c.html Tradeport Glossary of Trade & Shipping Terms http cyberspacei.com jesusi peace nobel institute of international law.htm Category Foreign policy doctrines ka sr Kalvo klauzula ... more details
Multiple issues context October 2009 orphan March 2007 unreferenced March 2007 The doctrine of indivisibility or indivisibility doctrine was a legal doctrine in United States copyright law , which held that a copyright was a single, indivisible right that its owner could only Assignment law assign as a whole. The doctrine was founded upon the policy concern that a defendant alleged to have infringed a single work might find himself facing claims from multiple plaintiff s, all claiming copyright in that same work. Despite the indivisibility doctrine, a copyright holder could still effectively assign certain rights. The assignees of those rights were held to be mere licensees. The result of the doctrine could yield a harsh result for an exclusive licensee in a work. If a third party Copyright infringement infringed the work, the copyright holder had no motivation to file suit the work was no longer marketable. So courts allowed exclusive licensees to compulsively join the copyright holder as a plaintiff in such suits. Non exclusive licensees could not forcefully join copyright holders, on the theory that in those cases, the work was still marketable and the copyright holder therefore had an interest in protecting his rights. In the case Dark Passage Goodis v. United Artists Television, Inc. , 425 Federal Reporter F.2d 397, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held that the doctrine of indivisibility could not operate to wholly deprive an author of his copyright when a mere licensee secured a copyright in a collective work but the author never secured a separate copyright on his own. The doctrine of indivisibility was expressly eliminated in the Copyright Act of 1976 . Assignees of rights in a copyrighted work now have standing to directly file suit against infringers. Category United States copyright law Category Legal doctrines and principles US law stub ... more details
For the Morgana Lefay album The Secret Doctrine album Primary sources date November 2009 Too few opinions date November 2009 weasel date November 2009 Theosophy The Secret Doctrine, the Synthesis of Science ... to publish a third and fourth volume of The Secret Doctrine . After Blavatsky s death, a controversial third volume of The Secret Doctrine was published by Annie Besant . Theories on human evolution and race In the second volume of The Secret Doctrine , dedicated to anthropogenesis, Blavatsky presents ... plants in nature, having in us a spark, which in them is latent The Secret Doctrine, Vol. 2, p 421 . When ... of the remaining Australians, Bushmen, Negritos , Andaman Islanders, etc The Secret Doctrine, Vol. 2, pp 195 6 . Blavatsky also asserts that the occult doctrine admits of no such divisions as the Aryan ... s, are later Aryans degenerate in spirituality and perfected in materiality The Secret Doctrine, Vol ... back. The Vedas countenance no idols all the modern Hindu writings do The Secret Doctrine, Vol. 2 ..., as their more favoured brethren in intelligence had The Secret Doctrine, Vol. 2, p 168 . She also ... The Secret Doctrine, Vol. 2, p 446 . While these assertions have been criticized, other extracts ... The First Message of HPB . In The Secret Doctrine , Blavatsky states Verily mankind is of one ... literally . The Secret Doctrine, Vol. 1, p. 255 . In Isis Unveiled , published eleven years before The Secret Doctrine , Blavatsky gave an account of why white men were almost incapable ..., Vol. 2, pp 635 6 . Study of the Secret Doctrine According to P.G.B. Bowen, Blavatsky gave the following instructions regarding the study of the Secret Doctrine blockquote Reading the S.D. page by page ... Doctrine and Its Study. Invitation to the Secret Doctrine 1988 n. pag. Web. 15 Nov 2010. http www.theosociety.org pasadena invit sd invsd 1.htm . ref blockquote Writings about The Secret Doctrine Alice Bailey wrote about the Secret Doctrine But those of us who really studied it and arrived at some ... more details
Citations missing date November 2008 The Drago Doctrine was announced in 1902 by the Argentina Argentine Minister of Foreign Affairs Luis Mar a Drago . Extending the Monroe Doctrine , it set forth the policy that no foreign power, including the United States , could use force against an Americas American nation to collect debt . It was supplanted in 1904 by the Roosevelt Corollary . It grew from the ideas expressed by Carlos Calvo historian Carlos Calvo in Derecho internacional te rico y pr ctico de Europa y Am rica , commonly known as the Calvo Doctrine . The Calvo Doctrine proposed to prohibit diplomatic intervention before local resources were exhausted. The Drago Doctrine itself was a response to the actions of Britain, Germany, and Italy, who had blockaded and shelled ports in response to Venezuela s massive debt, acquired under president Cipriano Castro . A modified version by Horace Porter was adopted at the Hague in 1907, adding that arbitration and litigation should always be used first. External links http www.bartleby.com 65 ca Calvo Ca.html Columbia Encyclopedia article on the Calvo Doctrine http www.bartleby.com 65 dr Drago Lu.html Columbia Encyclopedia article on Luis Mar a Drago http www.encyclopedia.com html D Drago L1u.asp Encyclopedia.com article on Luis Mar a Drago Category Foreign policy doctrines Category 1902 in law Category Politics of Argentina Category 1902 in international relations poli stub Argentina stub cs Dragova doktr na es Doctrina Drago fr Doctrine Drago pt Doutrina Drago sr tr Drago Doktrini ... more details
The Doctrine of Addai is a controversial book about Saint Addai . The story of how Abgar V of Edessa King Abgar and Jesus had corresponded was first recounted in the 4th century by the church historian Eusebius of Caesarea in his Church History Eusebius Ecclesiastical History i.13 and iii.1 and it was retold in elaborated form by Ephrem the Syrian . In the origin of the legend, Eusebius had been shown documents purporting to contain the official correspondence that passed between Abgar and Jesus, and he was well enough convinced by their authenticity to quote them extensively in his ecclesiastical history. By the time the legend had returned to Syria , the purported site of the miraculous image, it had been embroidered into a tissue of miraculous happenings Bauer 1971, ch. i the Doctrine of Addai is full of miracles. Some people consider it to be filled with anti semitism in the story of Protonice consort of Claudius, searching for the Cross, and Golgotha and the Holy Sepuchre, all of them in possession of the Jews. See also Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari Early centers of Christianity External links http www.newadvent.org cathen 01042c.htm Catholic Encyclopedia Legend of Abgar http www.apostle1.com doctrine addai syriac orthodox1.htm Doctrine of Addai text, in English http www.newadvent.org cathen 05088a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia Doctrine of Addai http www.ccel.org p pearse morefathers addai 2 text.htm THE DOCTRINE OF ADDAI, THE APOSTLE, BY GEORGE PHILLIPS, D.D., PRESIDENT OF QUEENS COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. London TR BNER & CO., LUDGATE HILL. 1876 http syrcom.cua.edu Hugoye Vol6No2 HV6N2Griffith.html The Doctrina Addai as a Paradigm of Christian Thought in Edessa in the Fifth Century, by Sidney H. Griffith, Institute of Christian Oriental Research, Catholic University of America http syrcom.cua.edu hugoye Vol9No1 HV9N1Ramelli.html Possible historical traces in the Doctrina ... FN1 On line text Category Syriac literature Addai, Doctrine of Category Christian hagiography ... more details
The Clinton Doctrine is not a clear statement in the way that many other United States Presidential doctrines were. However, in a February 26, 1999, speech, President Bill Clinton said the following, which was generally considered to summarize the Clinton Doctrine ref cite web author Michael T. Klare url http www.thenation.com doc 19990419 klare title The Clinton Doctrine date 1999 04 19 accessdate 2008 09 16 publisher The Nation Dead link date September 2010 bot H3llBot ref It s easy ... to say that we really have no interests in who lives in this or that valley in Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia , or who owns a strip of brushland in the Horn of Africa , or some piece of parched earth by the Jordan River . But the true measure of our interests lies not in how small or distant these places are, or in whether we have trouble pronouncing their names. The question we must ask is, what are the consequences to our security of letting conflicts fester and spread. We cannot, indeed, we should not, do everything or be everywhere. But where our values and our interests are at stake, and where we can make a difference, we must be prepared to do so. Clinton later made statements that augmented the doctrine of Interventionism politics interventionism Genocide is in and of itself a national interest where we should act and we can say to the people of the world, whether you live in Africa , or Central Europe , or any other place, if somebody comes after innocent civilians and tries to kill them en masse because of their race, their ethnic background or their religion, and it s within our power to stop it, we will stop it. The Clinton Doctrine was used to justify the American involvement in the Yugoslav Wars . President Clinton was criticized for not intervening to stop the Rwandan Genocide of 1994. Other observers viewed Operation Gothic Serpent in Somalia as a mistake. See also Obama Doctrine 2009 Bush Doctrine 2001 2009 . Reagan Doctrine 1981 1989 . Carter Doctrine 1977 1981 . References ... more details
Princely States topics The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy purportedly devised see below about Kittur by James Andrew Broun Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie Lord Dalhousie , who was the Governor General for the British in India between 1848 and 1856. According to the Doctrine, any principality princely state or territory under the direct influence paramountcy of the British East India Company the dominant imperialism imperial power in the Indian subcontinent subcontinent , as a vassal state under the British Subsidiary System, would automatically be annexed if the ruler was either manifestly incompetent or died without a direct heir . ref name keay John Keay Keay, John . India A History . Grove Press Books, distributed by Publishers Group West. United States 2000 ISBN 0 8021 3797 0, p. 433. ref The latter supplanted the long established right of an Indian sovereign without an heir to choose a successor. In addition, the British decided whether potential rulers were competent enough. The doctrine and its application were widely regarded by Indians as illegitimate. At the time of its adoption, the Company had absolute, imperial administrative jurisdiction over many regions spread over the subcontinent. The company took over the princely states of Satara 1848 , Jaipur and Sambalpur 1849 , Nagpur and Jhansi 1854 and Awadh Oudh 1856 using this Doctrine. The Company added about four million pounds sterling to its annual revenue by use of this doctrine. ref name wolpert Wolpert, Stanley. A New History of India 3rd ed., 1989 , pp. 226 28. Oxford University Press. ref The British took over Awadh in 1856 with the reason that the ruler was not ruling properly. This led to a revolution ... India Company, renounced the doctrine. ref Wolpert 1989 , p. 240. ref The princely state of Kittur was taken over by the East India Company in 1824 by imposing a Doctrine Of Lapse . So it is debatable ... Rebellion of 1857 de Doctrine of Lapse it Dottrina della decadenza sv Doctrine of Lapse ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 The Rumsfeld Doctrine , named after former United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld , is a neologism created by journalists Fact date September 2008 concerned with the perceived transformation of the military of the United States . It would be considered Rumsfeld s own take on RMA Revolution in Military Affairs . It seeks to increase force readiness and decrease the amount of supply required to maintain forces, by reducing the number in a theater. This is done mainly by using LAVs LAV Light Armoured Vehicles to scout for enemies who are then destroyed via airstrike s. The basic tenets of this military strategy are High technology combat systems Reliance on air forces Small, nimble ground forces. Afghanistan and the Iraq wars are considered the two closest implementations of this doctrine. Opposition Opponents argue that the doctrine entails a heavy reliance on airstrikes to replace a lack of ground forces. Beginning with Saddam Hussein , there were at least 50 airstrikes aimed at decapitating the Iraqi leadership. Not a single one was successful. However, there were extensive civilan casualties. ref http www.hrw.org reports 2003 usa1203 ref Opponents also claim that without ground troops to secure the border, top Baath Party Ba athist regime members fled the country with vast Iraqi funds and foreign Iraqi insurgency insurgents moved into the country. There were not enough troops to defend the Iraqi border from foreign backed insurgents. They also claim that without sufficient troops the country could not be pacified. Without sufficient ... device IED s. Notably, Thomas L. Friedman of the New York Times has referred to the Rumsfeld Doctrine ... surge in Iraq , the influence of the Rumsfeld Doctrine seems to be declining. See also Powell Doctrine ... magazine content 04 17 b3880048.htm Bruce Nussbaum Criticism of Rumsfeld Doctrine ... on 2520Rumsfeld 2520Doctrine.doc 22Rumsfeld Doctrine 22&hl en Greg Jaffe Take on the Rumsfeld Doctrine ... more details
Cleanup date November 2006 Military doctrine is the concise expression of how military forces contribute ... s, and Engagement military engagement s. It is a guide to action, not hard and fast rules. Doctrine ... readiness by establishing common ways of accomplishing military tasks. Doctrine links theory .... Doctrine provides the military an authoritative body of statements on how military forces conduct operations and provides a common lexicon for use by military planners and leaders. Defining doctrine NATO s definition of doctrine, used unaltered by many member nations, is Fundamental principles by which ... s capstone doctrine Allied Joint Publication http www.nato.int docu stanag ajp1 AJP 01 D.pdf AJP 01 D edition delta was issued on 21 December 2010. The Canadian Army states blockquote Military doctrine ... staff study in 1948 defined military doctrine functionally as those concepts, principles, polices, tactics ... in Futrell, Robert Frank. Ideas, Concepts, Doctrine Basic Thinking in the United States Air Force, 1907 ... of King s College London JSCSC quoted J F C Fuller s 1923 definition of doctrine as the central idea of an army . ref Gary Sheffield, Doctrine & Command in the British Army, A Historical Overview, Army Doctrine Publication Land Operations, DGD&D, British Army , May 2005, p.165 ref The Soviet Dictionary of Basic Military Terms defined military doctrine as a state s officially accepted system of scientifically ... doctrine has two aspects social political and military technical. ref Moscow Voenizdat, 1965, quoted in William Odom , Soviet Military Doctrine, Foreign Affairs magazine , Winter 1988 89 ref The social ... , Winter 1988 89 ref Development of doctrine Before the development of separate doctrinal publications ... of military doctrine in France came about in the aftermath of the nation s defeat during ... Foch , began developing a consistent doctrine for handling armies, corps, and divisions. Foch ... this doctrine. Prussia and German Empire Prussian doctrine was published as Regulations for the Instruction ... more details
The Fairness Doctrine was a policy of the United States Federal Communications Commission FCC , introduced ... and balanced. The 1949 Commission Report served as the foundation for the Fairness Doctrine since it had ... doctrine 1981 1987. ref The Fairness Doctrine should not be confused with the Equal time rule Equal Time rule. The Fairness Doctrine deals with discussion of controversial issues, while the Equal ... States Supreme Court upheld the Commission s general right to enforce the Fairness Doctrine where ... opinions. ref In 1987, the FCC abolished the Fairness Doctrine, prompting some to urge its reintroduction ... 2004 http www.slate.com id 2108443 How Fair Is Sinclair s Doctrine? Slate ref Following the 1969 Red ... Commission FCC with more regulatory power, the main agenda for this doctrine was to ensure ... and Accuracy in Reporting which supports reinstating the Fairness Doctrine cquote The Fairness Doctrine had two basic elements It required broadcasters to devote some of their airtime to discussing ... news segments, public affairs shows, or editorials. The doctrine did not require equal time for opposing ... Steve coauthors title The Fairness Doctrine How We Lost it, and Why We Need it Back work Common Dreams ... views05 0212 03.htm accessdate 2008 11 13 ref The Fairness Doctrine was introduced in the U.S. in 1949. ref Report on Editorializing by Broadcast Licensees, 13 F.C.C. 1246 1949 ref The doctrine remained ... of the doctrine were incorporated into FCC regulations. ref Donald P. Mullally, The Fairness Doctrine Benefits and Costs , The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 4 Winter, 1969 1970 , p. 577 ... because licensed broadcasters had voluntarily complied with the spirit of the doctrine. It warned that cquote Should future experience indicate that the doctrine of voluntary compliance is inadequate ... OF PUBLIC ISSUES UNDER THE FAIRNESS DOCTRINE AND THE PUBLIC INTEREST STANDARDS OF THE COMMUNICATIONS ... of the Fairness Doctrine in a case of an on air personal attack, in response to challenges ... more details
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