glycol structure.svg ImageSize1 200px ImageFile2 Diethyleneglycol 3D balls.png ImageSize2 200px IUPACName 2 hydroxyethoxy ethan 2 ol OtherNames diethyleneglycol ethylene diglycol diglycol 2,2 oxybisethanol ... Hazards ExternalMSDS http www.jtbaker.com msds englishhtml o8764.htm Diethyleneglycol MSDS MainHazards ... , triethylene glycol Function diol s Diethyleneglycol DEG is an organic compound with the formula ... ref Diethyleneglycol is derived as a co product with ethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. The industry ... glycol is one of several glycols derived from ethylene oxide. Glycols related to and coproduced with diethylene ... Diethyleneglycol is used in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethanes and plasticizers ..., deodorants DEG is often replaced by selected Glycol ethers diethyleneglycol ethers . A dilute solution of diethyleneglycol can also be used as a coolant however, ethylene glycol is much more commonly used. Most ethylene glycol antifreeze contains a few percent diethyleneglycol, present as an inadvertent ... Because of its adverse effects on humans, diethyleneglycol is not allowed for use in food and drugs. The U.S. Code of Federal Regulations allows no more than 0.2 of diethyleneglycol in polyethylene ... 2009 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Diethyleneglycol has moderate acute toxicity in animal ... in humans. It appears diethyleneglycol is more hazardous to humans than implied by oral toxicity data ... DM title Diethyleneglycol poisoning journal Clin Toxicol Phila volume 47 issue 6 pages 525 35 year ... of wine with diethyleneglycol language Dutch journal Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd volume 129 issue 39 .... a Tennessee drug company , manufactured sulfanilamide dissolved with diethyleneglycol, to create ... sulfanilamide with a new solvent diethyleneglycol , which Dr. Massengill s salesmen sold as Elixir .... title Medication associated diethyleneglycol mass poisoning A review and discussion on the origin ... L title Acute intoxication due to topical application of diethyleneglycol journal Ann Intern Med ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 399897398 ImageFile Diethyleneglycol dinitrate.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName Nitric acid 2 2 nitrooxyethoxy ethyl ester OtherNames Diethyleneglycol dinitrate br Diethyl glycol dinitrate br Oxydiethylene dinitrate Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 55142 InChI 1 C4H8N2O7 c7 5 8 12 3 1 11 2 4 13 6 9 10 h1 4H2 InChIKey LYAGTVMJGHTIDH UHFFFAOYAD StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C4H8N2O7 c7 5 8 12 3 1 11 2 4 13 6 9 10 h1 4H2 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey LYAGTVMJGHTIDH UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 693 21 0 PubChem 61198 UNNumber List of UN Numbers 0001 to 0100 0075 SMILES C CO N O O OCCO N O O Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 4 sub H sub 8 sub N sub 2 sub O sub 7 sub MolarMass 196.12 g mol Appearance Density 1.4092 0 C br 1.3846 20 C MeltingPtC 11.5 BoilingPt 197 C decomposes Solubility 4.1 g L 24 C Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Diethyleneglycol dinitrate is a nitration nitrated alcohol ester produced by the action of concentrated nitric acid , normally admixed with an excess of strong sulfuric acid as a dehydrating agent, upon diethyleneglycol . Diethyleneglycol dinitrate is a colorless, odorless, viscous, oily liquid, specific gravity 1.4092 at 0 C and 1.3846 at 20 C freezing point 11.5 C under a standard atmosphere, the theoretical boiling point of approximately 197 C difficult to confirm as the compound begins to decompose ... being only palliative , not an effective treatment. Triethylene glycol dinitrate , diethyleneglycol ... and ethanol is very low. While chemically similar to a number of powerful high explosive s, pure diethyleneglycol dinitrate is extremely hard to initiate and will not propagate a detonation wave . It inflames ..., and burns placidly even in quantity. Mixed with nitrocellulose and extruded under pressure, diethyleneglycol dinitrate forms a tough colloid whose characteristics good specific impulse , moderate ... more details
The 1985 diethyleneglycol wine scandal involved a limited number of Austria n winery wineries that had illegally wine fraud adulterated their wine s using the toxic substance diethyleneglycol a primary ingredient in some brands of anti freeze to make the wines appear sweetness in wine sweeter and more body wine full bodied in the style of late harvest wine s. ref name SB 050710 http www.sonntagsblitz.de artikel.asp?art 365103&kat 236 Sonntagsblitz, July 10, 2005 Im Wein war nicht nur Wahrheit In wine was not only truth de icon ref Many of these Austrian wine s were exported to Germany , some of them in bulk to be bottled at large scale German bottling facilities. At these facilities, some Austrian wines were illegally blended into German wine s by the importers, resulting in diethyleneglycol ending up in some bulk bottled German wines as well. ref http www.zeit.de 1985 34 Die Tricks der ... profile of the wine. By using diethyleneglycol, it was possible to affect both the impression of sweetness ... Wohl Glykol Cheers glycol de icon ref Diethyleneglycol main Diethyleneglycol File Diethyleneglycol 3D balls.png thumb Molecular structure of diethyleneglycol. Diethyleneglycol DEG was otherwise used as an industrial chemical or as antifreeze , although ethylene glycol is more common for that application. Adulteration of products with diethyleneglycol has led to thousands of deaths world wide ... author Schep LJ, Slaughter RJ, Temple WA, Beasley DM title Diethyleneglycol poisoning journal Clin ... warnings for Austrian wines, and a blacklist with all wines found to contain diethyleneglycol. The first ... Category Austrian wine Category Food safety scandals Category 1985 in Austria DiethyleneGlycol Wine Scandal, 1985 Category 1985 in Germany DiethyleneGlycol Wine Scandal, 1985 de Glykolwein Skandal ... Frostschutz gepanscht 20 years ago glycol wine scandal comes to noice adulterated with antifreeze de ... composed a polka under the rhyming title Zum Wohl, Glykol Cheers, glycol . ref name StZ 050706 Glykol ... more details
Edition ref Glycols typically seen in industry include triethylene glycol TEG , diethyleneglycol DEG , ethylene glycol MEG , and tetraethylene glycol TREG . TEG is the most commonly used glycol in industry ...Glycol dehydration is a liquid desiccant system for the removal of water from natural gas and natural ... Basic Dehydration Unit.jpg thumb 605px center Purpose The purpose of a glycol dehydration unit is to remove ... at relatively high temperatures plugging equipment and piping. ref name GPSA Databook Glycol dehydration ... for gas that the water content should not exceed 7 lb MMSCF. ref name GPSA Databook Glycol dehydration ... process or gas plant . Process description Lean, water free glycol purity 99 is fed to the top of an absorber also known as a glycol contactor where it is contacted with the wet natural gas stream. The glycol removes water from the natural gas by physical absorption and is carried out the bottom of the column. Upon exiting the absorber the glycol stream is often referred to as rich glycol . The dry ... or to a gas plant. Glycol absorbers can be either tray columns or packed columns. After leaving the absorber, the rich glycol is fed to a flash vessel where hydrocarbon vapors are removed and any liquid hydrocarbons are skimmed from the glycol. This step is necessary as the absorber is typically operated ... of the rich glycol, a vapor phase having a high hydrocarbon content will form when the pressure is lowered. After leaving the flash vessel, the rich glycol is heated in a cross exchanger and fed to the stripper also known as a regenerator . The glycol stripper consists of a column, an overhead condenser, and a reboiler. The glycol is thermally regenerated to remove excess water and regain the high glycol purity. The hot, lean glycol is cooled by cross exchange with rich glycol entering the stripper. It is then fed to a lean pump where its pressure is elevated to that of the glycol absorber ... type cooler. Enhanced Stripping Methods Most glycol units are fairly uniform except for the regeneration ... more details
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether 2 phenoxyethanol, C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub OCH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OH 2 Benzyloxyethanol Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether 2 benzyloxyethanol, C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub CH sub 2 sub OCH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OH 2 2 Methoxyethoxy ethanol Diethyleneglycol monomethyl ... 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OH 2 2 Ethoxyethoxy ethanol Diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether 2 2 ethoxyethoxy ethanol ... 2 sub OH 2 2 Butoxyethoxy ethanol Diethyleneglycol mono n butyl ether 2 2 butoxyethoxy ethanol, CH ...Glycol ethers are a group of solvent s based on alkyl ether s of ethylene glycol commonly used in paint ... ethylene glycol monoethyl ether , with the name now generic citation needed date December 2010 for glycol ethers. Glycol ethers can be also derived of diethyleneglycol carbitol s . Acetate s of glycols are a similar kind of potent solvents. Recent study suggests that occupational exposure to glycol ..., Helen Baillie and Andrew Povey title Occupation and male infertility glycol ethers and other exposures ... infertility glycol ethers journal Occup. Environ. Med. year 2008 url http oem.bmj.com content 65 10 708 reply oemed el 591 ref Glycol ether solvents 2 Methoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 2 methoxyethanol, CH sub 3 sub OCH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OH 2 Ethoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monoethyl ... Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether 2 propoxyethanol, CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OCH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OH 2 Isopropoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether 2 isopropoxyethanol, CH sub 3 sub sub 2 sub CHOCH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub OH 2 Butoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether ... sub OH Dialkyl ethers Dimethoxyethane Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether dimethoxyethane, CH sub 3 sub ... electrolytes of lithium battery lithium batteries Diethoxyethane Ethylene glycol diethyl ether ... Dibutoxyethane Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether dibutoxyethane, CH sub 3 sub CH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub ... 2 Methoxyethyl acetate Ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate 2 methoxyethyl acetate, CH sub 3 sub OCH ... more details
PEL Section8 Chembox Related OtherFunctn Propylene glycol br Diethyleneglycol br Triethylene glycol br Polyethylene glycol Function diol s OtherCpds Ethylene glycol IUPAC nomenclature IUPAC ... s diethyleneglycol , triethylene glycol , and tetraethylene glycol. About 6.7 billion kilograms ...Chembox verifiedrevid 408945455 ImageFileL1 Ethylene glycol chemical structure.png ImageNameL1 Wireframe model of ethylene glycol ImageFileR1 Ethylene glycol 3D vdW.png ImageNameR1 Spacefill model of ethylene glycol ImageFile2 Ethylene glycol 3D balls.png ImageName2 Ball and stick model of ethylene glycol IUPACName Ethan 1,2 diol OtherNames 1,2 Ethanediol br Glycol br Ethylene Alcohol br Hypodicarbonous acid br Monoethylene glycol Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations MEG ChEMBL Ref ebicite ... EINECS 203 473 3 DrugBank DB01867 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG D06424 MeSHName Ethylene glycol .... Ethylene glycol is toxic, and ingestion can result in death. Ethylene glycol is not to be confused with diethyleneglycol , a heavier ether diol, or with polyethylene glycol , a nontoxic polyether polymer . Production Historical aspects and natural occurrence Ethylene glycol was first prepared in 1859 by the France French chemist Charles Adolphe Wurtz from ethylene glycol diacetate via saponification ... . There appears to have been no commercial manufacture or application of ethylene glycol prior to World ... glycol via ethylene chlorohydrin started in 1917. The first large scale commercial glycol plant was erected ... Corp. . By 1929, ethylene glycol was being used by almost all dynamite manufacturers. In 1937 ... title Interstellar Antifreeze Ethylene Glycol journal The AstroPhysical Journal volume 571 issue 1 pages L59 L62 date 2002 05 20 doi 10.1086 341148 ref Current methods Ethylene glycol is produced from ... ethylene glycol according to the chemical equation C sub 2 sub H sub 4 sub O H sub 2 sub O HOCH sub ... of ethylene glycol occur at acidic or neutral pH with a large excess of water. Under these conditions ... more details
Related OtherAnions OtherCations OtherFunctn Ethylene glycol , Diethyleneglycol Function diol s OtherCpds Triethylene glycol , TEG , or triglycol is a colorless odorless viscous liquid with molecular ... glycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols . It is a colorless, odorless ... gas. Triethylene glycol is placed into contact with natural gas, and strips the water out of the gas. Triethylene glycol is heated to a high temperature and put through a Condensation condensing system ... and analytical results ref benzene concentration greater than 0.5 mg L . Triethylene glycol ... 0002 9343 49 90429 5 author Robertson OH title Disinfection of the air with triethylene glycol vapor ... spaces. ref name disinfectionofair Much of the scientific work with triethylene glycol was done ... airborne, solution suspension, and surface bound microbes. The ability of triethylene glycol to inactivate ... GL title The lethal effect of triethylene glycol vapor on air borne bacteria and influenza virus journal ... Mellody M, Bigg E title The fungicidal action of triethylene glycol journal The Journal of Infectious ... glycol vapor journal Journal of Experimental Medicine volume 85 issue 1 pages 65 76 year 1947 pmid 19871600 ... glycol vapor on microorganisms dispersed into the air in small droplets journal American Journal ... glycol vapors on airborne Escherichia coli journal Science volume 115 pages 37, 379 382 year ... 243 year 1956 pmid 13363384 pmc 1057210 ref Solutions of triethylene glycol are known to be antimicrobial ... title Inactivating influenza viruses on surfaces using hydrogen peroxide or triethylene glycol at low ... year 2009 pmid 19822378 ref The latter investigation suggests that triethylene glycol may prove to be a potent ... links http elarum.com info products triethylene glycol Brief technical specification of triethylene glycol Category Solvents Category Glycol ethers Category Diols de Triethylenglycol fi Trietyleeniglykoli ... more details
Glycol cleavage is a specific type of organic chemistry oxidation . The carbon carbon bond in a vicinal chemistry vicinal diol glycol is cleaved and replaced with two carbon oxygen double bonds. Depending on the substitution pattern in the diol, either ketone s or aldehyde s may be formed. Glycol cleavage is an important reaction in the laboratory because it is useful for determining the structures of sugars. After cleavage takes place the ketone and aldehyde fragments can be inspected and the location of the former hydroxyl groups ascertained. ref Wade, L. G. Organic Chemistry , 6th ed.., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 2005 pp 358 361, pp 489 490. ISBN 0131478826 ref Reagents Periodic acid HIO sub 4 sub and lead IV acetate lead tetraacetate Pb OAc sub 4 sub are the most common reagents used for glycol cleavage. These reactions involve cyclic reactive intermediate intermediates which then decompose to form ketones if the side chain R groups are not H or aldehydes if one of the R groups is H . Image Glycol cleavage.png thumb left 500px Glycol cleavage with Pb OAc sub 4 sub involves a cyclic intermediate. br style clear both Warm concentrated potassium permanganate KMnO sub 4 sub will react with an alkene to form a glycol and will then immediately cleave the glycol to give stable ketones or oxidizable aldehydes. The aldehydes will react further to become carboxylic acid s. Controlling the temperature and concentration of the reagent can keep the reaction from continuing past the formation of the glycol. Glycol cleavage by periodic acid is called Malaprade periodic acid oxidation first reported by M. Malaprade in 1934 ref L. Malaprade, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 3, 1, 833 1934 ref and also works with alpha aminoalcohols ref THE ACTION OF PERIODIC ACID ON AMINO ALCOHOLS Ben H. Nicolet, Leo A. Shinn J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 1939, 61 6 , p 1615 DOI 10.1021 ja01875a521 ref References Reflist External links http www.cem.msu.edu reusch VirtualText addene2.htm add4e www.cem.msu.edu ... more details
. ref Name Propylene glycol ImageFile Propylene glycol chemical structure.png ImageSize 200px ImageName Propylene glycol ImageFileR1 PropyleneGlycol spaceFill.png ImageSizeR1 100px ImageNameR1 Space ... model IUPACName propane 1,2 diol OtherNames propylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,2 propanediol, 1,2 Dihydroxypropane, methyl ethyl glycol MEG , methylethylene glycol, PG, Sirlene, Dowfrost Section1 ... SPhrases S24 S25 Section8 Chembox Related Function glycol s OtherFunctn Ethylene glycol 1,3 propanediol Propylene glycol , also called 1,2 propanediol or propane 1,2 diol , is an organic compound ... propylene glycol to distinguish it from the isomer 1,3 propanediol propane 1,3 diol HO CH sub 2 sub sub 3 sub OH, also called propylene glycol . Chirality Propylene glycol contains an asymmetrical ... 12 28 ref Production Industrially propylene glycol is produced from propylene oxide . ref name petro ... or alkali. Final products contain 20 1,2 propanediol , 1.5 of dipropylene glycol and small amounts of other polypropylene glycol s. ref http chemindustry.ru 1,2 Propanediol.php 1,2 propanediol chemical ... industrial grade or USP JP EP BP grade propylene glycol that is typically 99.5 or greater. Propylene glycol can also be converted from glycerol , a biodiesel byproduct. Applications refimprove section date July 2010 Propylene glycol is used As a solvent in many pharmaceuticals , including oral , injectable and topical formulations. Notably, diazepam , which is insoluble in water, uses propylene glycol ... documents pims chemical pim443.htm title Propylene glycol PIM 443 author Janusz Szajewski, MD ... . As a cooling agent for beer and wine glycol jacketed fermentation tanks As a non toxic antifreeze ... Propylene glycol has properties similar to those of ethylene glycol monoethylene glycol, or MEG . Note Infrequently propylene glycol may also use the acronym MEG, but as an abbreviation of methyl ethyl glycol the industry standard acronym for propylene glycol is PG or MPG monopropylene glycol . The industrial ... more details
Polypropylene glycol or polypropylene oxide is the polymer of propylene glycol . Chemically it is a polyether . The term polypropylene glycol or PPG is reserved for low to medium range molar mass polymer when the nature of the end group , which is usually a hydroxyl group, still matters. The term oxide is used for high molar mass polymer when end groups no longer affect polymer properties. In 2003, 60 of the annual production of propylene oxide of 6.6× 10 sup 6 sup tonne s was converted into the polymer. ref A Highly Active, Isospecific Cobalt Catalyst for Propylene Oxide Polymerization Kathryn L. Peretti, Hiroharu Ajiro, Claire T. Cohen, Emil B. Lobkovsky, and Geoffrey W. Coates J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 127 33 , 11566 11567, 2005 . http pubs.acs.org cgi bin abstract.cgi jacsat 2005 127 i33 abs ja053451y.html Abstract ref Polymerization Polypropylene glycol is produced by anionic ring opening polymerization of propylene oxide . The initiator is an alcohol and the catalyst a base chemistry base , usually potassium hydroxide . When the initiator is ethylene glycol or water the polymer is linear. With a multifunctional initiator like glycerine , pentaerythritol or sorbitol the polymer branches out. Image Polypropyleneglycol.gif center Polypropylene glycol Conventional polymerization of propylene oxide results in an atactic polymer. The isotactic polymer can be produced from optically active propylene oxide, but at a high cost. A salen ligand salen cobalt catalyst has recently been ... Properties PPG has many properties in common with polyethylene glycol . The polymer is a liquid at room ... groups in PPG are less reactive than primary hydroxyl groups in polyethylene glycol. PPG is less ... from Intergovernmental Organizations from www.inchem.org Polypropylene glycol Hazardous characteristics ... glycol is mainly due to the parent compound and not to its metabolites. Polypropylene glycol has an irritatant ... with skin. Propylene glycol causes CNS depression similar to that caused by ethanol but it is only ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 303034209 Name Neopentyl glycol ImageFileL1 Neopentyl glycol.png ImageSizeL1 120px ImageNameL1 Neopentyl glycol ImageFileR1 Neopentylglycol.png ImageSizeR1 120px ImageNameR1 Neopentyl glycol IUPACName 2,2 Dimethyl 1,3 propanediol OtherNames Reference ref name hand Citation last Lide first David R. author link last2 first2 author2 link publication date date year 1998 title Handbook of Chemistry and Physics edition 87 volume series publication place Boca Raton, FL place publisher CRC Press id isbn 0849305942 doi oclc pages 3 228, 5 42, 16 22 url accessdate ref Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 126 30 7 CASNo Ref CASOther RTECS EINECS Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 5 sub H sub 12 sub O sub 2 sub MolarMass 104.148 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt 129.13 C BoilingPt 208 C Solubility soluble in water SolubleOther soluble in benzene , chloroform , very soluble in ethanol , diethyl ether Section3 Chembox Structure Coordination CrystalStruct Section4 Chembox Thermochemistry DeltaHf 551.2 Kilojoule per mole kJ mol sup 1 sup DeltaHc Entropy HeatCapacity Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS EUIndex NFPA H NFPA F NFPA R RPhrases SPhrases FlashPt 129 C Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions OtherCations Neopentyl glycol IUPAC name 2,2 dimethyl 1,3 propanediol is an organic chemistry organic chemical compound . It is used in the sythesis of polyester s, paint s, lubricant s, and plasticizer s. When used in the manufacture of polyesters, it enhances the product s stability toward heat, light, and water. Reactions Neopentyl glycol is synthesized industrially by the aldol reaction of formaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde . This creates the intermediate hydroxypivaldehyde, which can be converted to neopentyl glycol with either excess formaldehyde or catalytic hydrogenation of the aldehyde group to an alcohol group. ref name ioc Citation last Weissermel first ... ?id OUGVPYqtnNgC&pg PA215&dq 22Neopentyl glycol 22 accessdate 2009 07 20 ref References ... more details
chembox Verifiedfields changed Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 310155162 Name Dipropylene glycol ImageFile Dipropylene glycol.svg ImageSize ImageName IUPACName 4 Oxa 2,6 heptandiol and br 4 Oxa 1,7 heptandiol OtherNames 1,1 Oxybis 1 propanol and br 1,1 Oxybis 2 propanol Section1 Chembox Identifiers InChI1 1 2C6H14O3 c1 5 7 3 9 4 6 2 8 1 3 5 7 9 6 8 4 2 h2 5 8H,3 4H2,1 2H3 InChIKey1 ZWHXRCBKXVJADE UHFFFAOYAU SMILES1 CCC O OC CC O.CC COCC C O O CASNo 25265 71 8 CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS RTECS EINECS 246 770 3 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite changed chemspider ChemSpiderID 21477352 SMILES OCCCOCCCO Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 14 sub O sub 3 sub MolarMass 134.173 g mol Appearance colorless liquid Density 1.0206 g cm sup 3 sup at 20 C Solubility miscible with water , soluble in ethanol MeltingPt BoilingPt 230.5 C ref name hcp Cite book last Lide first David R. author link last2 first2 author2 link publication date date year 1998 title Handbook of Chemistry and Physics edition 87 volume series publication place Boca Raton, FL place publisher CRC Press id isbn 0849305942 doi oclc pages 342 url accessdate ref Section3 Chembox Structure Coordination CrystalStruct Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS http siri.org msds mf cards file 1185.html SIRI.org EUIndex NFPA H 1 NFPA F 1 NFPA R 0 RPhrases SPhrases FlashPt 121 C Autoignition 310 C Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions OtherCations OtherCpds Ethylene glycol br Propylene glycol Dipropylene glycol is a mixture ... boiling point and low toxicity. ref name dow1 cite web title Dipropylene Glycol Regular Grade DPG ... http books.google.com ?id 791DhiI D88C&pg PA138&dq 22Dipropylene glycol 22 accessdate 2009 04 07 ref Uses Dipropylene glycol finds many uses as a plasticizer , an intermediate in industrial chemical reactions ... name dow1 ref name dict ref name dow2 cite web title Dipropylene Glycol LO DPG LO url http www.dow.com ... reflist DEFAULTSORT Dipropylene Glycol Category Cosmetics chemicals Category Monomers Category ... more details
FlashPt 182 287 C Autoignition Polyethylene glycol PEG is a Ether polyether compound with many applications ... Glycerides discuss Talk Polyethylene glycol Merger proposal date March 2011 PEG, PEO, or POE refers ... Polymer Products, Inc., poly ethylene glycol molecular weights run up to about 20,000, while those ... glycol , abbreviated mPEG. Lower molecular weight PEGs are also available as purer oligomers ... right Polyethylene oxyde PEO, Mw 4kD nanometric crystallites 4nm PEGs and methoxypolyethylene glycol ... glycol is produced by the interaction of ethylene oxide with water, ethylene glycol , or ethylene glycol oligomers. ref http chemindustry.ru Polyethylene Glycol.php Polyethylene glycol , Chemindustry.ru ref The reaction is catalyzed by acidic or basic catalysts. Ethylene glycol and its oligomers are preferable ... glycol is synthesized by suspension polymerization . It is necessary to hold the growing polymer ... low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. Medical uses It is the basis of a number of laxative s e.g., macrogol containing products such as Movicol and polyethylene glycol 3350 , or SoftLax, MiraLAX or GlycoLax . Whole bowel irrigation polyethylene glycol with added electrolytes is used for bowel ... Comparison of Polyethylene Glycol Laxative and Tegaserod in Treatment of Patients With Chronic Constipation ... 1964 71 pmid 17573794 issue 9 ref When attached to various protein medication s, polyethylene glycol ... is used to treat neutropenia . It has been shown that polyethylene glycol can improve healing of vertebral ... Lee Bowman publisher seattlepi.com ref One of the earlier findings that polyethylene glycol can aid ... Glycol year 1990 journal PNAS volume 87 issue 4 pages 1471 1475 doi 10.1073 pnas.87.4.1471 pmid 2304913 pmc 53497 ref Polyethylene glycol is commonly used to fuse B cells with myeloma cells in monoclonal ... Glycol in Mice and Rats Given Various Carcinogens year 2000 journal Cancer Research volume ... subcutaneously administered polyethylene glycol year 2001 journal Journal of Neuroscience Research ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates or PEG propylene glycol cocoates are chemical compound s produced by the esterification of polyoxyalkyl alcohol s with lauric acid . ref Cite journal journal International Journal of Toxicology volume 20, Supplement 4 date 4 January 2001 pages 13 26 publisher Taylor and Francis Ltd title Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG 25 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG 75 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG 120 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG 10 Propylene Glycol, PEG 8 Propylene Glycol Cocoate, and PEG 55 Propylene Glycol Oleate url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 11800049 accessdate 2010 07 16 pmid 11800049 ref Their chemical designation is PEG 8 ref Cite web title 2006 257 EC Commission Decision of 9 February 2006 amending Decision 96 335 EC establishing an inventory and a common nomenclature of ingredients employed in cosmetic products Text with EEA relevance url http eur lex.europa.eu LexUriServ LexUriServ.do?uri CELEX 32006D0257 EN NOT publisher Publications Office of the European Union year 2006 accessdate 2010 10 30 . ref , referring to its polyethylene glycol PEG molecular chain length. Uses PEG propylene glycol cocoates are used in cosmetics and toothpaste to form emulsions , which it does by reducing surface tension in the substances of which an emulsified form is required. References references Category Cosmetics chemicals Organic compound stub ... more details
chembox ImageFile TEGDN.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName 2,2 Ethane 1,2 diylbis oxy bisethyl dinitrate OtherNames TEGDN Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 111 22 8 PubChem SMILES C CO N O O OCCOCCO N O O Section2 Chembox Properties C 6 H 12 N 2 O 8 MolarMass Appearance pale yellow oily liquid Density 1.33 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPtC 19 BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Section6 Chembox Explosive ShockSens FrictionSens ExplosiveV REFactor Triethylene glycol dinitrate TEGDN is a nitration nitrated alcohol ester of triethylene glycol . It is used as an energetic plasticizer in explosive s and propellant s. Its chemical formula is O sub 2 sub N O CH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub O CH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub O CH sub 2 sub CH sub 2 sub O NO sub 2 sub . It is a pale yellow oily liquid. ref http www.chemyq.com En xz xz6 52027hfdla.htm Triethylene glycol dinitrate at ChemYQ ref It is somewhat similar to nitroglycerin . TEGDN is often used together with trimethylolethane trinitrate TMETN . Triethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate , and trimethyloleate trinitrate are being considered as replacements for nitroglycerin in propellants. ref http www.stormingmedia.us cat sub subcat20 57.html Pentagon reports at stormingmedia.us ref References reflist Category Alkyl nitrates Category Explosive chemicals Category Liquid explosives Category Monopropellants Category Plasticizers ... more details
chembox Reference ref name fao http www.fao.org docrep W6355E w6355e0u.htm Propylene glycol alginate , Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ref ImageFile ImageSize IUPACName OtherNames Hydroxypropyl alginate, br Propane 1,2 diol alginate, br E405 Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 9005 37 2 PubChem SMILES Section2 Chembox Properties Formula MolarMass 234.21 per structural unit theoretical Appearance white to yellowish brown filamentous, grainy, granular or powdered forms Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Soluble Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Propylene glycol alginate PGA is an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickener used in food products. It is a food additive with E number E405. Chemically, propylene glycol alginate is an ester of alginic acid , which is derived from kelp . Some of the carboxyl group s are esterified with propylene glycol , some are neutralized with an appropriate alkali , and some remain free. ref name fao See also List of food additives, Codex Alimentarius milk and most dairy products References reflist External links http www.straightdope.com classics a1 223a.html What is the propylene glycol alginate found in salad dressings? at The Straight Dope http www.aisonschem.com propylene 20glycol 20alginate.htm Propylene glycol alginate at aisonschem.com Category Food additives Category Carboxylate esters fr Alginate de propane 1,2 diol ru ... more details
enzyme Name L glycol dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.185 CAS number 77967 75 0 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 185 GO code 0050026 image width caption In enzymology , a L glycol dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.185 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction an L glycol NAD P math rightleftharpoons math a 2 hydroxycarbonyl compound NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are L glycol , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are 2 hydroxycarbonyl compound , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L glycol NAD P oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include glycol nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate , dehydrogenase , L glycol NAD P oxidoreductase , and L glycol NAD P dehydrogenase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Bernardo A, Burgos J, Martin R date 1981 title Purification and some properties of L glycol dehydrogenase from hen s muscle journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 659 pages 189&ndash 98 pmid 7018582 issue 1 1.1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it L glicolo deidrogenasi ja L ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 396487819 Reference ref http www.sigmaaldrich.com catalog ProductDetail.do?lang en&N4 335681 ALDRICH&N5 SEARCH CONCAT PNO BRAND KEY&F SPEC Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate at Sigma Aldrich ref ImageFile Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.png ImageSize 220px ImageName Skeletal formula ImageFile1 Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 3D balls.png ImageSize1 240px ImageName1 Ball and stick model IUPACName 2 2 Methyl acryloyloxy ethyl 2 methyl acrylate OtherNames Methacrylic acid, ethylene ester 1,2 Bis methacryloyloxy ethane 1,2 Ethanediol dimethacrylate Diglycol dimethacrylate Ethanediol dimethacrylate Ethylene dimethacrylate Ethylene glycol bis methacrylate Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Ethylene methacrylate Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations EGDMA ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 7077 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 7BK5G69305 InChI 1 C10H14O4 c1 7 2 9 11 13 5 6 14 10 12 8 3 4 h1,3,5 6H2,2,4H3 InChIKey STVZJERGLQHEKB UHFFFAOYAH StdInChI 1S C10H14O4 c1 7 2 9 11 13 5 6 14 10 12 8 3 4 h1,3,5 6H2,2,4H3 StdInChIKey STVZJERGLQHEKB UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 97 90 5 PubChem SMILES CC C C O OCCOC O C C C Section2 Chembox Properties C 10 H 14 O 4 Appearance Density 1.051 g mL MeltingPt BoilingPt 98 100 C 5 mmHg Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate EGDMA is a ester diester formed by condensation of two equivalents of methacrylic acid and one equivalent of ethylene glycol . ref Bielstein 2, IV, 1532 ref EGDMA can be used in free radical copolymer crosslinking reactions. When used with methyl methacrylate , it leads to gel point at relatively low concentration s because of the nearly equivalent reactivities of all the double bonds involved. References reflist Category Carboxylate esters ester stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Ethylene glycol poisoning Image Ethylene glycol.svg Caption Ethylene glycol DiseasesDB ... Ethylene glycol poisoning is caused by the ingestion of ethylene glycol the primary ingredient ... glycol itself but its metabolite s. The major metabolites causing toxicity are glycolic acid ... glycol in the blood. However many hospital s do not have the facilities to perform this test and need ... ethylene glycol and therefore halt the progression of poisoning. Hemodialysis is also used to help remove ethylene glycol and its metabolites from the blood. As long as medical treatment is undertaken ... glycol. Denatonium benzoate , a bittering agent, is added to many antifreeze products to try to prevent ingestion. Signs and symptoms Symptoms of ethylene glycol poisoning usually follow a three step ... Brent cite journal author Brent J title Current management of ethylene glycol poisoning journal Drugs ... time, the body Metabolism metabolizes ethylene glycol into other toxins. Stage 2 12 to 36 hours is a result of accumulation of organic acid s formed by the metabolism of ethylene glycol and consists ... 3 24 to 72 hours kidney failure is the result of ethylene glycol poisoning. Symptoms include acute ... Toxicology Practice Guidelines on the Treatment of Ethylene Glycol Poisoning. Ad Hoc Committee ... RM, Freed CR title Severe ethylene glycol intoxication with multisystem failure journal Western journal ... right Glycolic acid is the major metabolite of ethylene glycol responsible for toxicity The three main systems affected by ethylene glycol poisoning are the central nervous system , metabolic processes ... of poisoning as the result of a direct action of ethylene glycol. Similar to ethanol , it causes ... effect. ref name ClinToxicol1999 Barceloux The toxic mechanism of ethylene glycol poisoning is mainly due to the metabolites of ethylene glycol. Initially it is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase ... tomography of ethylene glycol intoxication journal Neuroradiology volume 24 issue 3 pages 175 7 year ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 399923640 ImageFile Ethylene glycol dinitrate.png ImageSize IUPACName 1,2 dinitroxyethane OtherNames Ethylene glycol dinitrate, Glycol dinitrate, Ethylene dinitrate, Ethylene nitrate, 1,2 Bis nitrooxy ethane, Nitroglycol NGc , 1,2 Ethanediol dinitrate, Dinitroglycol, EGDN, Ethane 1,2 diyl dinitrate Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 37281 SMILES1 C CO N O O O N O O StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C2H4N2O6 c5 3 6 9 1 2 10 4 7 8 h1 2H2 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey UQXKXGWGFRWILX UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 628 96 6 PubChem 40818 SMILES O N O OCCON O O InChI 1 C2H4N2O6 c5 3 6 9 1 2 10 4 7 8 h1 2H2 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 2 sub H sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub O sub 6 sub MolarMass 152.1 g mol Appearance Oily, odorless, colorless to light yellow liquid Density 1.49 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPt 22.0 C BoilingPt Explodes at 114 C Solubility 5 g l Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards center Image Hazard E.svg 40px Image Hazard TT.svg 40px center FlashPt Autoignition RPhrases R2 R26 27 28 R33 SPhrases S1 2 S33 S35 S36 37 S45 Ethylene glycol dinitrate EGDN , NGc ... nitrating ethylene glycol . It is similar to nitroglycerin in both manufacture and properties ... purified glycol obtained by fractioning the commercial product under pressure of 40mm Hg, and at temp 120 deg. For this 20g of middle fraction of purified glycol was gradually added to mixture ..., such as 1 Direct Nitration of Glycol is carried out in exactly the same manner, with the same apparatus, and with the same mixed acids as nitration of glycerine. In the test nitration of anhydrous glycol ... 100kg anhydrous glycol and 625kg of mixed acid contaning HNO 3 41, H 2 SO 4 58 & water 1 were 222.2kg ... groups in the precursor polyol. Like other organic nitrates, ethylene glycol dinitrate is a vasodilator ... page for ethylene dinitrate DEFAULTSORT Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate Category Alkyl nitrates Category ... more details
Glycol nucleic acid GNA is a polymer similar to DNA or RNA but differing in the composition of its backbone . GNA is not known to occur naturally. The 2,3 dihydroxypropylnucleoside analogues were first prepared by Ueda et al. 1971 . Soon thereafter it was shown that phosphate linked oligomers of the analogues do in fact exhibit hypochromicity in the presence of RNA and DNA in solution Seita et al. 1972 . The preparation of the polymers was later described by Cook et al. 1995, 1999 and Acevedo and Andrews 1996 . The GNA GNA self pairing described by Zhang and Meggers is however novel, and the specificity of interaction well demonstrated. DNA and RNA have a deoxyribose and ribose sugar backbone, respectively, whereas GNA s backbone is composed of repeating glycerol units linked by phosphodiester bond s. The glycerol molecule has just three carbon atoms and still shows Watson Crick base pairing. Interestingly, the Watson Crick base pairing is much more stable in GNA than its natural counterparts DNA and RNA as it requires a high temperature to melt a duplex of GNA. It is possibly the simplest of the nucleic acids, so making it a hypothetical precursor to RNA. See also Abiogenesis Threose nucleic acid Peptide nucleic acid Locked nucleic acid References cite journal author Zhang Lilu, Peritz Adam, Meggers Eric title A simple glycol nucleic acid journal J Am Chem Soc volume 127 issue 12 pages 4174 5 year 2005 url http pubs.acs.org doi pdf 10.1021 ja042564z?cookieSet 1 pmid 15783191 doi 10.1021 ja042564z Seita, Tooru Yamauchi, Kiyoshi Kinoshita, Masayoshi Imoto, Minoru. Condensation polymerization of nucleotide analogues. Die Makromolekulare Chemie 1972 , 154 255 261. Ueda, Nasuo Kawabata, Toshio Takemoto, Kiichi. Synthesis of N 2,3 dihydroxypropyl derivatives of nucleic bases ..., Oscar L. Davis, Peter W. Ecker, David J. Hebert, Normand. Preparation of ethylene glycol phosphate ... acids genetics stub ca cid gliconucleic fr Acide nucl ique glycol tr Gliserol N kleik Asit zh GNA ... more details
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