Other uses pp semi small yes Selfref 1 For Wikimedia s dictionary project visit http en.wiktionary.org Wiktionary , or see the Wiktionary article. A dictionary , also referred to as a lexicon , wordbook ..., and other information ref name Web1 Webster s New World College Dictionary, Fourth Edition, 2002 ... . ref name Web1 According to Nielsen 2008 a dictionary may be regarded as a Lexicography lexicographical ... meet the needs of users and fulfil the functions of the dictionary. Further, each word may have ... dictionaries, like StarDict and the New Oxford American Dictionary are dictionary software running ... via the Internet . File Latin dictionary.jpg thumb 250px A multi volume Latin dictionary in the University ... in Ebla modern Syria and dated roughly 2300 Common Era BCE . ref name imlqdg cite web title Dictionary ... wordlists. A Chinese dictionary , the ca. 3rd century BCE Erya , was the earliest surviving monolingual dictionary, although some sources cite the ca. 800 BCE Shizhoupian as a dictionary , modern ... surviving Homeric lexicon. ref name imlqdg The first Sanskrit dictionary, the Amarako a, was written ... Shoki , the first Japanese dictionaries Early Japanese lexicography Japanese dictionary was the long lost 682 CE Niina glossary of Chinese characters. The oldest existing Japanese dictionary ... dictionary of Arabic and al Qamus al Muhit 14th c. listed words in the alphabetical order of the radicals. The Qamus al Muhit is the first handy dictionary in Arabic, which includes only words and their definitions ... English Dictionary . ref m s , J. Eckmann, Encyclopaedia of Islam , 2nd ed., Brill ref The earliest ... alphabetical dictionary was Table Alphabeticall A Table Alphabeticall , written by English schoolteacher .... ref http andromeda.rutgers.edu jlynch Papers firstdict.html Jack Lynch, How Johnson s Dictionary Became the First Dictionary delivered 25 August 2005 at the Johnson and the English Language conference, Birmingham Retrieved July 12, 2008 ref It was not until Samuel Johnson s A Dictionary of the English ... more details
Grove s dictionary may refer to The Grove Dictionary of Art The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , The New Grove Dictionary of Opera The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments , 1984 The New Grove Dictionary of American Music 4 volumes , 1986, with 1000 entries on composers and 2500 on performers disambig ... more details
cleanup date April 2010 unreferenced date April 2010 A Bible dictionary is a reference work containing encyclopaedic entries related to the Bible , typically concerning people, places, customs, doctrine and Biblical criticism . Bible dictionaries can be scholarly or popular in tone. List of Bible dictionaries Smith s Bible Dictionary 1863 Easton s Bible Dictionary 1897 Hastings Dictionary of the Bible 1898 1904 International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 1915 The New Bible Dictionary 1962 Bible Dictionary LDS Church LDS Bible Dictionary 1979 Harper s Bible Dictionary 1985 Anchor Bible Dictionary 1992 New Interpreter s Dictionary of the Bible 2008 Category Lists of books cs Biblick slovn k ... more details
wiktionarypar dictionary A dictionary is a list of words and their meanings. Dictionary may also refer to Biographical dictionary Encyclopedic dictionary , sometimes titled Dictionary of... for example Data dictionary , a set of metadata that contains definitions and representations of data elements a read only set of database tables and database views Associative array , a specific type of Set computer science Dictionary attack , a technique to determine a password Dictionary software , a dictionary included in Mac OS X v10.4 and later. Dictionary game , a party game in which the object of the game is be the first player to guess the meaning of an obscure word chosen from a dictionary. disambig id Kamus disambiguasi fr Dictionnaire homonymie zh ... more details
A maximizing dictionary attempts to include as many words as possible from a particular speech community . An example is the Oxford English Dictionary , as it attempts to lemmatize show as headword entry words as many words as possible. This is one way in which to classify dictionaries based on the number of entry words they contain and give information about, i.e. their coverage. The distinction between a maximizing dictionary and a minimizing dictionary is also important in connection with specialized dictionary specialized dictionaries . A law dictionary that contains more than 20,000 entry words is a maximizing dictionary, as it attempts to include nearly all legal terms. This should be contrasted with a law dictionary that contains 2,000 words, which is a minimizing dictionary in that it cannot reasonably be claimed to cover more than a limited number of legal terms. Further reading Sandro Nielsen Contrastive Description of Dictionaries Covering LSP Communication , in Fachsprache International Journal of LSP 3 4 1990 , 129 136 Lexicography Category Lexicography Category Dictionaries by type ... more details
A conceptual dictionary also ideographic or ideological dictionary is a dictionary that groups word s by concept or semantics semantic relation instead of arranging them in alphabetization alphabetical order . Examples of conceptual dictionaries are picture dictionary picture dictionaries , thesaurus thesauri , and visual dictionary visual dictionaries . References Reflist Unsourced date December 2008 Lexicography Linguistics stub Category Dictionaries by type hr Konceptualna leksikografija ru ... more details
Dictionary Cache The Oracle data dictionary is a collection of database tables, owned by the SYS and SYSTEM schemas, that contain the metadata about the database, its structures, the privileges and roles of database users. The data dictionary cache holds cached blocks from the data dictionary. Data blocks from tables in the data dictionary are used continually to assist in processing user queries and other DML commands. If the data dictionary cache is too small, requests for information from the data dictionary will cause extra I O to occur these I O bound data dictionary requests are called recursive calls and should be avoided by sizing the data dictionary cache correctly. Fast Access Oracle constantly accesses the data dictionary during database operation to validate user access and to verify the state of schema objects. All information is stored in memory using the least recently used LRU algorithm. The data dictionary cache is accessed for each SQL statement at parse time and again at runtime when the SQL gathers dynamic storage for execution. Dictionary Cache Hit Ratio The data dictionary cache hit ratio is used to measure the ratio of dictionary hits to misses meaning how many times dictionary cache has the dictionary tables data blocks for requested information and how many times Oracle has to do I O for missing on cache. For optimal performance, the overall dictionary cache hit ratio should be greater than 90 To monitor the efficiency of the Data Dictionary Cache, below sql statement can be used class wikitable border 1 select 1 sum getmisses sum gets sum getmisses 100 Dictionary Hit Rate from v rowcache A figure of between 90 95 should be maintained if the rate starts to drop, SHARED POOL SIZE should be increased Category Database stubs Category Oracle Corporation ... more details
A phonetic dictionary is a dictionary that allows you to locate the word by the way it sounds. These dictionaries are useful when the spelling of a word is unknown. External Links http gabbyswordspeller.com Gabby s Wordspeller and Phonetic Dictionary Lexicography edu stub ling stub Category Dictionaries by type ... more details
German dictionaries have a history dating back to the Brothers Grimm , who started work on the first major dictionary of the German language , the Deutsches W rterbuch literally German Dictionary in 1838. The Duden dictionary dates back to 1880, and is currently the prescriptive source for the spelling of German. DEFAULTSORT German Dictionary Category German dictionaries ie lang stub ... more details
Notability date October 2009 The SNIA Dictionary is a special purpose dictionary containing terms and definitions applicable to the storage and storage networking industry. Published bi annually by the Storage Networking Industry Association SNIA , the SNIA Dictionary is owned and managed by the SNIA Technical Council, a group of storage industry veterans elected by the SNIA membership. The current editor is Don Deel, of EMC. Past editors include Alan Yoder NetApp and David Black EMC . External links http www.snia.org dictionary The SNIA Dictionary Category Computer storage Category Storage area networks ... more details
A dictionary is minimizing if it attempts to include only a limited selection of words from a particular speech community . An example of a minimizing dictionary also spelled minimising dictionary is a dictionary containing the 2,000 most common words in English most frequently used words in the English language , as it attempts to lemmatise i.e. show as entry words only a very limited number of English words using a specific principle for their selection. This is one way in which to classify dictionaries based on the number of entry words they contain and give information about, i.e. their coverage. The distinction between a minimizing dictionary and a maximizing dictionary is also important in connection with specialized dictionaries. A law dictionary that contains 2,000 words is minimizing in that it cannot reasonably be claimed to cover more than a limited number of legal terms. This should be contrasted with a law dictionary that contains more than 20,000 entry words, which is a maximizing dictionary, as it attempts to include nearly all legal terms. Further reading Sandro Nielsen Contrastive Description of Dictionaries Covering LSP Communication , in Fachsprache International Journal of LSP 3 4 1990 , 129 136 Lexicography Category Lexicography Category Dictionaries by type ... more details
A visual dictionary is a dictionary that primarily uses pictures to illustrate the meaning of word s. Visual dictionaries are often organized by themes, instead of being an alphabetical list of words. For each theme, an image is labeled with the correct word to identify each component of the item in question. Visual dictionaries can be monolingual or multilingual , providing the names of items in several language s. An index of all defined words is usually included to assist finding the correct illustration that defines the word. Some international visual dictionary publishers include QA International and Dorling Kindersley . See also Picture dictionary Knowledge visualization Visual language External links http visual.merriam webster.com Visual Thematic Dictionary Merriam Webster http www.weboword.com Visual Comic Vocabulary WeboWord http www.snappywords.com Visual Net meaning Dictionary Snappy Words http www.vocabahead.com Visual Video Vocabulary VocabAhead http www.pictual.org Visual Alphabetic Dictionary Pictual http www.dictionaryvisual.com Visual English Dictionary Dictionaryvisual Lexicography DEFAULTSORT Visual Dictionary Category Dictionaries by type Ling stub de Bildw rterbuch es Diccionario visual eo Bildvortaro nl Beeldwoordenboek ... more details
A specialized dictionary is a dictionary that covers a relatively restricted set of phenomena. The typical type of specialized dictionary is that which in English is often referred to as a technical dictionary and in German as a Fachw rterbuch. As described in Nielsen 1994 specialized dictionaries can be classified in various ways. A dictionary that covers more than one subject field is called a multi field dictionary one that covers one subject field is called a single field dictionary and one that covers a limited part of a subject field is called a sub field dictionary . A specialized dictionary that attempts to cover as much of the relevant terminology as possible is called a maximizing dictionary , whereas one that attempts to cover only a limited part of the relevant terminology is called a minimizing dictionary . Specialized dictionaries can have various functions, i.e. they can help users in different types of situation. Monolingual dictionaries can help users understand and produce texts, whereas bilingual dictionaries can help users understand texts, translate texts and produce texts, as described in e.g. Nielsen 1994 and Nielsen 2010 . Relevant literature Henning Bergenholtz Sven Tarp eds. 1995 Manual of Specialised Lexicography . Benjamins. Sandro Nielsen 1994 The Bilingual LSP Dictionary . Gunter Narr. Sandro Nielsen 2008 The Effect of Lexicographical Information Costs on Dictionary Making and Use . In Lexikos 18 2008 , 170 189. Sandro Nielsen 2010 Specialised Translation Dictionaries for Learners . In P. A. Fuertes Olivera ed Specialised Dictionaries for Learners . Berlin New York de Gruyter, 69 82. See also Lexigraf External links External links date August 2010 http www.sprog.asb.dk SN publikationer.htm Short annotated list of publications http www.asb.dk centres lexc Center for Lexicography Lexicography DEFAULTSORT Specialized Dictionary Category Dictionaries by type eu Hiztegi espezializatu ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox VG title Touch Dictionary image File Touch Dictionary Coverart.png developer Daewon Media publisher Daewon Media released vgrelease South Korea KO July, 2005 genre Dictionary modes Single player platforms Nintendo DS media Nintendo DS Game Card Touch Dictionary is a Korean dictionary software title for the Nintendo DS released in 2005. Trivia The name of the game arose controversy after FailBlog posted the cover, noting the similarity of the word dic to the word dick , slang for penis . External links http www.gamespot.com ds puzzle touchdictionary index.html Gamespot gamespace for Touch Dictionary Category 2005 video games Category Nintendo DS games Category Nintendo DS only games Category Language learning video games ko ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Infobox Book name Macquarie Dictionary title orig image image caption author S Butler editor illustrator cover artist country AUS language Australian English language Australian English series subject Dictionary Major English dictionaries Dictionary publisher Macquarie Dictionary Publishers pub date 1981, 1991, 1997, 2005, 2009 media type pages 1676 5th edition 1940 isbn ISBN 1 876429 14 3 5th edition 9781876429669 oclc preceded by followed by The Macquarie Dictionary is a dictionary of Australian English . It also pays considerable attention to New Zealand English . Originally ... in Sydney , Australia . It is published by Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd, a company specifically ... Dictionary was based on Hamlyn s Encyclopedic World Dictionary of 1971, which in turn was based on Random House s American College Dictionary of 1947, which itself was based on the 1927 Century Dictionary New Century Dictionary . Since its first publication, in 1981, it has been progressively adopted by Australian schools, businesses and courts as their standard dictionary. The second ... number of examples of Australian usage, to give some of the flavour of an historical dictionary. This edition ... on words relating to the environment and climate change . Spelling The dictionary records standard ... Dictionary and some other dictionaries of British English, that continue to prefer ize to ise ... complete version of the Macquarie Dictionary is the fifth, which was published in 2009. The Macquarie Australian Slang Dictionary published in 2004 is an up to date record of Australian slang. The Concise Dictionary is available as an iPhone application, from mobile phone s, and as an e book to online dictionary subscribers. External links http www.macquariedictionary.com.au Macquarie Dictionary ... of The Macquarie Dictionary Category 1981 books Category Australian English Category English dictionaries ... Macmillan Publishing books pt Macquarie Dictionary wuu ... more details
An etymological dictionary discusses the etymology of the words listed. Often, large dictionaries, such as the Oxford English Dictionary OED and Webster s Third New International Dictionary Webster s , will contain ... available, an etymological dictionary will present various suggestions and perhaps make ... language Hoad, T.F., The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology . Oxford , Oxford University Press 1986 . George William Lemon the English etymologist and author of A derivative dictionary of the English ... for G. Robinson 1783 . Eric Partridge , Origins A short etymological dictionary of Modern English ... des Altindoarischen 1986 2001 Old Irish language Old Irish Sanas Cormaic , encyclopedic dictionary ... has much etymological information. Proto Indo European language Carl Darling Buck , A dictionary ... paperback edition 1988 . Scots language John Jamieson , An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language ..., Sir An Etymological Dictionary of Pre Thirteenth Century Turkish , Oxford University Press, London ... response.cgi?root leiden&morpho 0&basename data ie frisk&first 1 Ancient Greek Etymological Dictionary by H. Frisk http dnghu.org indoeuropean.html Indo European Etymological Dictionary by Julius Pokorny http starling.rinet.ru Indo European Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al. http www.ceantar.org Dicts MB2 Gaelic Etymological Dictionary by A. MacBain http www.freeweb.hu etymological Gothic Etymological Dictionary by Andras Rajki http dsal.uchicago.edu dictionaries turner Nepali Etymological Dictionary by R. L. Turner http dexonline.ro Romanian Etymological Dictionary http starling.rinet.ru Russian Etymological Dictionary by Max Vasmer , Heidelberg 1962 , 4 volumes valuable for all Slavic languages http runeberg.org svetym Swedish Etymological Dictionary by Elof Hellquist Afroasiatic languages http starling.rinet.ru Afroasiatic Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al. http www.freeweb.hu etymological Arabic Etymological Dictionary by Andras Rajki http www.hebrewetymology.com ... more details
legal dictionaries A law dictionary is a dictionary that is designed and compiled to give information .... A distinction is made between different types of law dictionaries. A monolingual law dictionary ... dictionary that covers an entire field of law is called a single field dictionary , whereas a dictionary that covers a part of a field of law is called a sub field dictionary , e.g. a dictionary of contract law. If the law dictionary attempts to cover all the terms in the field of law, it is called a maximizing dictionary , and if it attempts to cover only a limited number of terms, it is called a minimizing dictionary . A good bilingual law dictionary needs to take the users expected language ... the following aspects dictionary user research, dictionary typology , structure and presentation of the relevant information. When making a law dictionary, the lexicographers attempt to present ... law dictionary with definitions of legal terms serves to help users understand the legal texts ..., usually in a foreign language. Unlike a law dictionary, which arranges and defines legal words and phrases ... instead. See also Black s Law Dictionary Bouvier s Law Dictionary References Sandro Nielsen The Bilingual LSP Dictionary. Principles and Practice for Legal Language . Gunter Narr Verlag 1994. Sandro Nielsen The Effect of Lexicographical Information Costs on Dictionary Making and Use . In Lexikos 18 2008, 170 189. External links http www.duhaime.org LegalDictionary.aspx Duhaime s Legal Dictionary Probably the world s best online legal dictionary. Terms organized by topic such as http www.duhaime.org ... Category CivilLawDictionary.aspx Civil Law. http lawyerintl.com modules dictionary LawyerIntl.com Legal Dictionary Compilation of Law Dictionaries including Bouvier s Legal Dictionary 6th Edition ... Law.com legal dictionary http dictionary.lp.findlaw.com Merriam Webster Law Dictionary at Findlaw ... law and divorce law definitions. http www.deanslawdictionary.com Dean s Law Dictionary A digital and professional ... more details
Infobox Software name GNOME Dictionary logo Image Gnome dictionary.svg 48px screenshot Image Gnomedictionary.png 250px caption The GNOME Dictionary displaying the definitions for Dictionary developer Emmanuele Bassi latest release version 2.26.0 latest release date latest preview version 2.27.2 latest preview date operating system Unix like programming language C programming language C genre DICT Client license GNU General Public License GPL website http live.gnome.org GnomeUtils GNOME Dictionary , also identified as gnome dictionary , is a DICT client written in C programming language C by Emmanuele Bassi and others. It is part of the free software GNOME desktop suite, inside the gnome utils meta package. This allows users of GNOME to look up words on dictionary sources. gnome dictionary was at first an independent DICT DICT protocol client called gdict , created by Bradford Hovinen, Spiros Papadimitriou and Mike Hughes ref http svn.gnome.org viewvc gnome utils trunk gnome dictionary ChangeLog?view markup gdict ChangeLog ref it was included inside the gnome utils meta package during the 1.x release cycle. As a companion to the original application was also added an applet for gnome panel . After the 2.0 release of GNOME, due to lack of direct maintainership, the code base of gdict passed the point of being maintainable. In October 2005, the current maintainer of gnome dictionary Emmanuele Bassi decided to Rewrite programming rewrite the application and applet from scratch, removing the old and mostly deprecated code. ref http mail.gnome.org archives gnome utils list 2005 October msg00004.html Email on the gnome utils mailing list about the re design ref The new gnome dictionary .... It supports multiple dictionary sources, printing the definitions found and saving them to a text ... applications. As of July 2006 the development version of gnome dictionary became feature equivalent ... Dictionary Category DICT clients Category GNOME Category Free dictionary software it Gnome dictionary ... more details
Biographical dictionaries &mdash a type of encyclopedic dictionary limited to biographical information &mdash have been written in many languages. Many attempt to cover the major personalities of a country with limitations, such as living persons only, in Marquis Who s Who Who s Who , or deceased people only, in the Dictionary of National Biography . Others are specialized, in that they cover important names in a subject field, such as architecture or engineering. The quality of biographical dictionaries varies. Most are long established and authoritative, but some are simply schemes for flattering biographees into paying for commemorative copies of the publication. Anyone who receives an invitation to be included in a biographical dictionary should check the publication carefully. Warning signs include the offers of high priced special commemorative editions, and requests for names and addresses ... Dictionary of Learned Men of Hesychius of Miletus d. 518 AD date June 2010 They contain more ... A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Al Fihrist al Nadim Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme ... Australian Dictionary of Biography Dictionary of Australian Biography Dictionary of Western Australians Dictionary of Australian Artists Online Canada Dictionary of Canadian Biography Canadian Who ... Kirchenlexikon 1990 Deutsche Biographische Enzyklop die 1995 Great Britain A Biographical Dictionary of British coleopterists online at http www.coleopterist.org.uk The Coleopterist A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers British Biographical Index Chambers Biographical Dictionary Concise Dictionary of National Biography Dictionary of National Biography Dictionary of Welsh Biography Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Who s Who UK Who s Who , published by A & C Black Who s Who in Catholic ... New Zealand Dictionary of New Zealand Biography Poland Polski s ownik biograficzny United States ... External links http www.legacyview.com Dictionary of World Biography Lexicography Category Biographical ... more details
Refimprove date December 2007 A Dictionary of Americanisms on Historical Principles is a dictionary of English language English words and phrases that originated in the United States . The two volume dictionary was edited by Mitford M. Mathews and was published in 1951 by University of Chicago Press. ref http www.time.com time magazine article 0,9171,814531,00.html Made in U.S.A. , Time magazine. April 02, 1951. ref The work should not be confused with John Russell Bartlett s work, Dictionary of Americanisms A Glossary of Words and Phrases, Usually Regarded as Peculiar to the United States , first published in 1848. References Reflist External links worldcat id id 319585 DEFAULTSORT Dictionary Of Americanisms, A Category 1951 books Category English dictionaries Americanisms ref book stub ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 A dictionary coder , also sometimes known as a substitution coder , is a class ... the dictionary maintained by the encoder. When the encoder finds such a match, it substitutes a reference to the string s position in the data structure. Methods and applications Some dictionary coders use a static dictionary , one whose full set of strings is determined before coding begins and does ... a static dictionary from a concordance publishing concordance of the text and then uses that dictionary to compress the verses. More common are methods where the dictionary starts in some predetermined ... is used to hold the last N bytes of data processed this window serves as the dictionary, effectively storing every substring that has appeared in the past N bytes as dictionary entries. Instead of a single index identifying a dictionary entry, two values are needed the length , indicating the length ... in the sliding window starting offset bytes before the current text. LZ78 uses a more explicit dictionary structure at the beginning of the encoding process, the dictionary only needs to contain entries ... in the dictionary that matches the text is found, and its index is written to the output the combination of that entry and the character that followed it in the text is then added to the dictionary ... of the encoding, we output the indexes for H, U, R, L, Y, and B, and we add to the dictionary new ... entry in our dictionary that matches the text is UR , an entry we added on the second step. We send the index for UR to the output, and add an entry for URL to the dictionary. On the eighth step, we ... an entry for LY to the dictionary. If later in the text we were to encounter the word HURLYBURLY again ... has a previous prefix, adds the prefix plus the symbol to its own separate dictionary ... in the dictionary, it will output a symbol that is one higher than the decoder s last dictionary .... This symbol will always be only one higher than the last numbered symbol in the decoder s dictionary ... more details
Logos Dictionary is a large multilingual online dictionary provided by Logos Group , a European translation company. It was started in 1995, and as of 2005 contains over 7 million terms in over 200 languages , some one them minority languages as Breton language Breton , Leonese language Leonese , Scots language Scots or Venetian language Venetian . The dictionary offers a variety of search options, and requires free registration in order to add or update translations. There is also a Logos Dictionary for Children where mainly words for kids can be found, and a quote citation in several languages. See also Endangered languages Breton language Leonese language Scots language Venetian language External links http www.logos.it Logos dictionary http www.logos.it instructions help en new dictionary.html Logos Dictionary information page http www.logos.it owa d professional.registration window?source ndict&id 4395&lang EN Registration form to add to or edit the dictionary and access other member only aspects of the site Category Online dictionaries Category Leonese language website stub lang stub ... more details
In cryptanalysis and computer security , a dictionary attack is a technique for defeating a cipher or authentication mechanism by trying to determine its decryption key or passphrase by searching likely possibilities. A dictionary attack uses a targeted technique of successively trying all the words in an exhaustive list called a dictionary from a pre arranged list of values . In contrast with a brute force attack , where a large proportion key space is searched systematically, a dictionary attack tries only those possibilities which are most likely to succeed, typically derived from a list of words for example a dictionary hence the phrase dictionary attack or a bible etc. Generally, dictionary attacks succeed because many people have a tendency to choose password s which are short 7 characters or fewer , single words found in dictionaries or simple, easily predicted variations on words, such as appending a digit. Pre computed dictionary attack It is possible to achieve a time space tradeoff by pre computing a list of Cryptographic hash function hashes of dictionary words, and storing these in a database using the hash as the Unique key key . This requires a considerable amount of preparation ... of disk storage. Pre computed dictionary attacks are particularly effective when a large number of passwords are to be cracked. The pre computed dictionary need only be generated once, and when it is completed ... compromised by such an attack. Pre computed dictionary attacks can be thwarted by the use of Salt cryptography salt , a technique that forces the hash dictionary to be recomputed for each password ... Key stretching E mail address harvesting Examples Well known examples of dictionary attack software ... wp dyn articles A6098 2005Mar28.html US Secret Service use a distributed dictionary attack on suspect ... Testing for Brute Force OWASP AT 004 DEFAULTSORT Dictionary Attack Category Cryptographic attacks ... simple Dictionary attack sv Dictionary attack vi T n c ng t i n ... more details
The Chambers Dictionary TCD was first published by Chambers Journal of Literature, Science and Arts W. and R. Chambers as Chambers s English Dictionary in 1872. It was an expanded version of Chambers s Etymological Dictionary of 1867, compiled by James Donald. A second edition came out in 1898, and was followed in 1901 by a new compact edition called Chambers s Twentieth Century Dictionary . ref Words, wit and wisdom 100 years of the Chambers dictionary , compiled by Ian Brookes, Jamie Nathan and Hazel Norris. Edinburgh Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2001. ISBN 0 550 10015 6 ref TCD is widely used by British crossword solvers and setters, and by Scrabble players though it is no longer the official Scrabble dictionary . It contains many more dialect al, archaic, unconventional and eccentric words than its rivals, and is noted for its occasional wryly humorous definitions. Examples of such definitions include those for clair pastry clair a cake, long in shape but short in duration and middle aged between youth and old age, variously reckoned to suit the reckoner . ref cite book last ... Dictionary was published in August 2008 by Chambers Harrap Chambers Harrap Publishers . It is available ... pages. Also on sale is the smaller 21st Century Dictionary of 1664 pages, where the focus is on the English ... . In an agreement with Mattel the Chambers dictionary was also the official source of words for the book ... dictionary to Collins English Dictionary Collins . See also Chambers s Encyclopaedia William ... index.shtml The Chambers Dictionary http www.chambersreference.com The Chambers Dictionary Online with Free ... chref.py main Consult Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, The Chambers Thesaurus or Chambers Biographical Dictionary http www.crosswordman.com chambers.html Chambers Dictionary History and Trivia including ... century std.shtml Chambers 21st Century Dictionary Category 1872 books Category 1901 books Category English dictionaries fr Chambers Dictionary ... more details
Expert subject Linguistics date November 2008 Sections date October 2009 A slang dictionary is a reference book containing an alphabetical list of slang , vernacular vocabulary not generally acceptable in formal usage, usually including information given for each word, including meaning, pronunciation, and etymology . It can provide definitions on a range of slang from more mundane terms like rain check or bob and weave to obscure sexual practices. Such works also can include words and phrases arising ... of years. The Canting Academy, or Devil s Cabinet Opened was a 17th century slang dictionary, written ... include A New Dictionary of the Terms Ancient and Modern of the Canting Crew , first published circa 1698 , and Francis Grose s A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue , first published in 1785 . In recent ... on it, including producing slang dictionaries. Examples include Chambers Slang Dictionary ... Dictionary of Slang Orion Publishing Group Cassell Reference , 1998 last edition 2006, ISBN 9780304366361 A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English by Eric Partridge and Paul Beale, Routledge , 2002, ISBN 0415291895 The Oxford Dictionary of Modern Slang by John Ayto and John Simpson lexicographer ... The Ultimate Swearing Dictionary third edition, Viz comics Viz , 2005, ISBN 0752228129 The Urban Dictionary ... published in book form Urban Dictionary Fularious Street Slang Defined by Aaron Peckham, Andrews McMeel Publishing Andrews McMeel , 2006, ISBN 0740751433 The Shesaurus Hip Hop Women s Dictionary by Keshia Kola, Penmar Press Publishing, 2005, ISBN 0615221588 See also Colloquial dictionary Jargon Slang ... grose vulgar1785.html 1785 Grose s Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue gutenberg no 5402 name A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue http www.fromoldbooks.org Grose VulgarTongue fromoldbooks.org version ... dictionary http www.fromoldbooks.org NathanBailey CantingDictionary transcription A 1737 dictionary ... Category Cant languages Category Slang Dictionary Category Linguistics books ref book stub ... more details
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