Cleanup date July 2008 Detrendedcorrespondenceanalysis DCA is a multivariate statistics statistical technique widely used by ecology ecologist s to find the main factors or gradients in large, species rich but usually sparse data matrices that typify Community ecology ecological community data. For example, Hill and Gauch 1980, p. 55 analyse the data of a vegetation survey of southeast England including 876 species in 3270 Species area curve relev s . After eliminating outliers , DCA is able to identify two main axes The first axis goes from dry to wet conditions, and the second axis from woodland to weed communities. History of DCA It was created in 1979 by Mark Hill of the United Kingdom United Kingdom s Institute for Terrestrial Ecology now merged into Centre for Ecology and Hydrology and implemented in FORTRAN code package called DECORANA DetrendedCorrespondenceAnalysis , a correspondenceanalysis method. DCA is sometimes erroneously referred to as DECORANA however, DCA is the underlying algorithm, while DECORANA is a tool for implementing it. The problems solved by DCA According ... program for DetrendedCorrespondenceAnalysis and Reciprocal Averaging . Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 52pp. Hill, M.O. and Gauch, H.G. 1980 . DetrendedCorrespondenceAnalysis An Improved Ordination Technique. Vegetatio 42 , 47&ndash 58. Oksanen J and Minchin ... statistics ordination such as a correspondenceanalysis the ordination scores of the samples ... five species. Image PAST CA Ideal 5Species Per Sample.png thumb Result of Correspondenceanalysis for the ideal ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 The plot of the first two axes of the correspondenceanalysis ... effect , even though the process under analysis is a steady and continuous change that human intuition ... this allows testing of a null model by Monte Carlo permutation analysis. Example The example shows ... of Gradient Analysis. Advances in Ecological Research 18 , 271&ndash 371. ISBN 0 12 013918 9. Reprinted ... more details
Correspondenceanalysis CA is a multivariate statistical technique developed by Jean Paul Benz cri . ref cite book author Benz cri, J. P. publisher Dunod location Paris, France year 1973 title L Analyse des Donn es. Volume II. L Analyse des Correspondances ref It is conceptually similar to principal component analysis , but applies to categorical rather than continuous data. All data should be nonnegative and on the same scale for CA to be applicable, and the method treats rows and columns equivalently ... FactoMineR code implement correspondenceanalysis and multiple correspondenceanalysis. Here is a link to a MATLAB program with a tutorial for correspondenceanalysis http www.utdallas.edu herve ..., Michael publisher Academic Press location London year 1983 title Theory and Applications of CorrespondenceAnalysis isbn 0 12 299050 1 ref ref cite book author Greenacre, Michael publisher Chapman & Hall CRC location London year 2007 title CorrespondenceAnalysis in Practice, Second Edition ref Several variants of CA are available, including detrendedcorrespondenceanalysis and canonical correspondenceanalysis . The extension of correspondenceanalysis to many categorical variables is called multiple correspondenceanalysis . An adaptation of correspondenceanalysis to the problem of discrimination based upon qualitative variables i.e., the equivalent of discriminant analysis for qualitative data is called discriminant correspondenceanalysis or barycentric discriminant analysis. In the social sciences, correspondenceanalysis, and particularly its extension multiple correspondenceanalysis , was made known outside France through French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu s application ... R , the packages code ade4 code , code ca code ref Nenadic, O. and Greenacre, M. Correspondenceanalysis in R, with two and three dimensional graphics the ca package , Journal of Statistical Software ... index.jsp?codigo 300 Category Multivariate statistics Category Data analysis ca An lisi de correspond ncies ... more details
In stochastic processes , chaotic dynamical systems chaos theory and time series analysis , detrended fluctuation analysis DFA is a method for determining the statistical self affinity of a signal. It is useful for analysing time series that appear to be long memory processes diverging correlation time , e.g. power law decaying autocorrelation function or 1 f noise . The obtained exponent is similar to the Hurst exponent , except that DFA may also be applied to signals whose underlying statistics such as mean and variance or dynamics are stationary process non stationary changing with time . It is related to measures based upon spectral techniques such as autocorrelation and Fourier transform . DFA was introduced by Peng et al. 1994 and represents an extension of the ordinary fluctuation analysis FA , which is affected by non stationarities. Calculation Given a bounded time series math x t math , math t in mathbb N math , integration first converts this into an unbounded process math X t math math X t sum i 1 t x i langle x i rangle math math X t math is called cumulative sum or profile. This integration process converts, for example, an i.i.d. white noise process into a random walk . Next, math X t math is divided into time windows of length math L math samples, and a local least squares straight line fit the local trend is calculated by minimising the squared error math E 2 math ... between detrended fluctuation analysis and power spectral density analysis for stochastic processes ... long range correlations with detrended fluctuation analysis, Phys A, 295 3 4 441 454. Hu, K. et al. 2001 Effect of trends on detrended fluctuation analysis, Phys Rev E, 64 1 011114. External links http ... is needed. The Hurst Rescaled range R S analysis removes constants trends in the original sequence ... Properties Of Coding And Noncoding Dna Sequences Genbank Analysis, Phys Rev E, 51 5 5084 5091 ... analysis de Trendbereinigende Fluktuationsanalyse ... more details
In statistics , multiple correspondenceanalysis MCA is a data analysis technique for nominal categorical data, used to detect and represent underlying structures in a data set. It does this by representing data as points in a low dimensional Euclidean space . The procedure thus appears to be the counterpart of principal component analysis for categorical data ref Le Roux, B. and H. Rouanet 2004 , Geometric Data Analysis, From CorrespondenceAnalysis to Structured Data Analysis, Dordrecht. Kluwer p.180 ref ref cite book author Greenacre, Michael and Blasius, J rg editors title Multiple CorrespondenceAnalysis and Related Methods publisher Chapman & Hall CRC location London year 2006 ref . MCA is an extension of simple correspondenceanalysis CA in that it is applicable to a large set of categorical variables. MCA is performed by applying the CA algorithm to either an indicator matrix or a Burt ... CRC location London year 2007 title CorrespondenceAnalysis in Practice, Second Edition ref An indicator ... 2004 , Geometric Data Analysis, From CorrespondenceAnalysis to Structured Data Analysis, Dordrecht ... variables. Analyzing the Burt table is a more natural generalization of simple correspondenceanalysis ... External links Le Roux, B. and H. Rouanet 2004 , Geometric Data Analysis, From CorrespondenceAnalysis to Structured Data Analysis at Google Books http books.google.com books?id a6bDBUF58XwC&lpg ... 300 Categories DEFAULTSORT Multiple CorrespondenceAnalysis Category Multivariate statistics Category Data analysis fr Analyse des correspondances multiples no Multippel korrespondanseanalyse ... dimensions best able to describe the central oppositions in the data. As in factor analysis or principal component analysis , the first axis is the most important dimension, the second axis the second most important, and so on. The number of axes to be retained for analysis, is determined .... ref Rouanet, Henry 2000 The Geometric Analysis of Questionnaires. The Lesson of Bourdieu s La Distinction ... more details
wiktionarypar correspondenceCorrespondence may refer to In general usage, non concurrent, remote communication between people, including letter message letter s, email , newsgroups , Internet forums , blogs . Correspondence theory of truth philosophy , a theory in epistemology. Correspondence principle physics , that theories must agree with experimental evidence. Correspondence theology , the relationship between spiritual and physical realities. Correspondence mathematics , several related meanings. Correspondence problem computer vision , finding depth information in stereography . Regular sound correspondence linguistics , see Comparative method . Correspondence rules quantum mechanics . Correspondence chess played between different geographical locations. Correspondence course, a distant education method. Correspondence Peter Godwin album , a 1983 studio album by singer and musician Peter Godwin. disambig de Korrespondenz Begriffskl rung eo Korespondo io Korespondo it Corrispondenza sk Kore pondencia sv Korrespondens ... more details
MACD Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Wikify date December 2009 The detrended price oscillator DPO is an indicator in technical analysis that attempts to eliminate the long term trends in prices. Leaving short term trends, the indicator allows immediate overbought and oversold levels to be found more effectively. The detrended price oscillator is clearly a form of price oscillator, and is related to the percentage price oscillator PPO and the absolute price oscillator APO . The APO is an essentially equivalent to the well known MACD indicator. A PPO is an improved alternative to the APO or the MACD for use when a stock s price change has been large, or when comparing the oscillator behavior for different stocks which have significantly different prices. Although these are not so commonly used with the DPO, for the other price oscillators, as for the MACD, a signal line is frequently generated for the price oscillators by taking an exponential moving average EMA of the price oscillator values and plotting the two lines together. A histogram can also be generated for the price oscillators, if desired, just as is done for the MACD indicator. The DPO is calculated by subtracting the moving average finance Simple moving average simple moving average over an N day period and shifted N 2 1 days back from the price. To calculate the Detrended Price Oscillator Decide on the time frame that you wish to analyze. Set n as half of that cycle period. Calculate a simple moving average for n periods. Calculate n 2 1 Subtract the moving average, from n 2 1 days ago, from the closing price DPO Close Simple moving average from n 2 1 days ago DEFAULTSORT Detrended Price Oscillator Category Technical indicators Finance stub ... more details
Image Postcard for correspondence chess.jpg thumb right Postcard for international correspondence chess Correspondence chess is chess played by various forms of long distance correspondence, usually through a correspondence chess server , through e mail email or by the postal system less common methods ... . Correspondence chess allows people or clubs who are geographically distant to play one another without meeting in person. These distant relationships are just one of the many distinct appeals of correspondence chess. ref Craig Sadler, Facts, Games and World Champions of Correspondence Chess, http ... played by correspondence can vary depending on the method used to transmit the moves a game ... by post between players in different countries might last several years. Structure of correspondence chess Correspondence chess differs from over the board play in several respects. While players in OTB chess generally play one at a time an exception being a simultaneous exhibition , correspondence ... players may have more than one hundred games continuing at the same time. Time limits in correspondence ... assistance has altered the essence of correspondence chess and in addition to profound chess knowledge and analytical discipline, the ability to interpret and guide computer analysis has become ... bodies of correspondence chess Correspondence chess tournaments are usually played under the auspices of an official regulatory body, most importantly International Correspondence Chess Federation ..., which organizes postal and email events, is not the only organization involved in correspondence ... Internet Correspondence Games Server FICGS , that also runs a world championship cycle, and International ... Correspondence Chess Grandmaster these are equivalent to similar titles awarded by FIDE for over the board chess. The ICCF also runs the World Correspondence Chess Championships. Because these events ... Championship which began in March 2002 had not yet been determined. Up until 2004, ICCF correspondence ... more details
Several approaches to Springer correspondence have been developed. T. A. Springer s original construction ... Springer correspondence has been studied by Lusztig Spaltenstein 1985 and by Lusztig in his ... correspondence. Example For the special linear group SL sub n sub , the unipotent conjugacy classes ... a field of characteristic zero are also parametrized by the partitions of n . The Springer correspondence ... Springer correspondence turned out to be closely related to the classification of primitive ideal ... resolutions of nilpotent varieties . Analysis and topology on singular spaces, II, III Luminy, 1981 ... 1981 , 169 178. G. Lusztig and N. Spaltenstein. On the generalized Springer correspondence for classical ... Springer correspondence for exceptional groups . Advanced Studies in Pure Mathematics ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 TWCleanup A lexical correspondence is a set of cognate words or morpheme s in two or more related languages. In order to form such a correspondence, it is not sufficient that the words are similar in both form and meaning, but that regular sound correspondence s occur between the phoneme s contained in the words. DEFAULTSORT Lexical Correspondence Category Linguistics ... more details
In mathematics and mathematical economics, correspondence is a term with several related but not identical meanings. In general mathematics , correspondence is an alternative term for a Relation mathematics relation between two Set mathematics sets . Hence a correspondence of sets X and Y is any subset of the Cartesian product X × Y of the sets. In algebraic geometry a correspondence between algebraic variety algebraic varieties V and W is in the same fashion a subset R of V × W , which is in addition required to be closed in the Zariski topology . It therefore means any relation that is defined by algebraic equations. There are some important examples, even when V and W are algebraic curve s for example the Hecke operator s of modular form theory may be considered as correspondences of modular curve s. However, the definition of a correspondence in algebraic geometry is not completely .... In literature, however, a correspondence from a variety X to a variety Y is often taken to be a subset ... in this latter definition which talks about a correspondence from X to Y rather than a correspondence between X and Y . The typical example of the latter kind of correspondence is the graph of a function f X &rarr Y In category theory , a correspondence from math C math to math D math is a functor math C op times D to mathbf Set math . It is the opposite of a profunctor . One to one correspondence is an alternate name for a bijection . In von Neumann algebra theory, a correspondence is a synonym for a von Neumann algebra bimodule. In economics , a correspondence between two sets A and B ... to a correspondence as defined in general mathematics i.e., a Relation mathematics relation , except ... of B or in terms of a relation R as subset of A × B , R projects to A surjective ly. A correspondence ... function . An example of a correspondence in this sense is the best response correspondence ... good, then this is a correspondence. disambig Category Mathematical disambiguation de Korrespondenz ... more details
This article discusses quantum theory and relativity. For other uses, see Correspondence principle disambiguation . In physics , the correspondence principle states that the behavior of systems described ... limit in which quantum mechanics reduces to classical mechanics. Bohr s correspondence principle demands .... The conditions under which quantum and classical physics agree are referred to as the correspondence limit , or the classical limit . Bohr provided a rough prescription for the correspondence limit it occurs when the quantum numbers describing the system are large . A more elaborated analysis of quantum classical correspondence QCC in wavepacket spreading leads to the distinction between robust ... different formulations. In matrix mechanics , the correspondence principle was built in and was used ... statistical expectation value of the position and momentum obey Newton s laws. The correspondence ... are identified with Hermitian operators that act on this Hilbert space. The correspondence principle limits the choices to those that reproduce classical mechanics in the correspondence limit. Because .... Other scientific theories The term correspondence principle is used in a more general ... under circumstances for which the preceding theory was known to be valid, the correspondence limit . For example, Einstein s special relativity satisfies the correspondence principle, because ... that the inherited factors are protein coding genes . In order for there to be a correspondence, the earlier ... circular orbits can be calculated with the correspondence formula. For a hydrogen atom, the classical ... Bohr arrived at his Bohr Model model . Since only the level spacing is determined by the correspondence ... from what is only the leading order approximation. One dimensional potential Bohr s correspondence ... of the angular momentum in the case of the circular orbits. The orbits selected by the correspondence ... Sommerfeld quantization Bohr s correspondence principle provided a way to find the semiclassical ... more details
About correspondence rules in quantum physics their role in philosophy of science Carnap Ramsey sentences Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Expert subject physics date November 2008 In quantum mechanics , correspondence rules refers to the principle of replacing physical quantities with Operator mathematics operators . Such replacements include energy and momentum, which can be derived informally from taking the time and space derivities of the plane wave function. These show a similarity to the heisenberg uncertainty principle . Examples of correspondence rules class wikitable quantity operator See equation Energy Hamiltonian quantum mechanics Hamiltonian math i hbar frac partial partial t math Sc Momentum math i hbar nabla math Continuity equation See also Portal Physics Physics DEFAULTSORT Correspondence Rules Category Quantum mechanics Category Rules Quantum stub ... more details
for the problem in theory of computation Post correspondence problem The correspondence problem tries to figure out which parts of an image correspond to which parts of another image, after the camera has moved, time has elapsed, and or the objects have moved around. Overview Given two or more images of the same 3D scene, taken from different points of view, the correspondence problem is to find a set of points in one image which can be identified as the same points in another image. To do this, try to match points or features from one image with the same points or features in another image. The images can be taken from a different point of view, at different times, and with objects in the scene in general motion relative to the camera s . The correspondence problem typically occurs when two images of the same scene are used, the stereo correspondence problem. This concept can be generalized to the three view correspondence problem or, in general, the N view correspondence problem. In the general ... application of the correspondence problem occurs in panorama creation or image stitching ... In computer vision the correspondence problem is studied for the case when a computer should solve it automatically with only images as input. Once the correspondence problem has been solved, resulting in a set of image points which are in correspondence, other methods can be applied to this set ... Simple Example To find the correspondence between set A 2,4,6,1,5 and set B 8,0,2,4 find where they overlap ... in the other image. When you find the best fit the difference in image location is the correspondence .... In A Bayesian Treatment of the Stereo Correspondence Problem Using Half Occluded Regions, P. Belhumeur ... S. Ogale and Yiannis Aloimonos year October 2005. title Shape and the stereo correspondence problem ... year 1992 title A Bayesian Treatment of the Stereo Correspondence Problem Using Half Occluded Regions .... A Taxonomy and Evaluation of Dense Two Frame Stereo Correspondence Algorithms. PDF Stereoscopy Category ... more details
In mathematical physics , the twistor correspondence is a natural transformation natural isomorphism between mass less Yang Mills field s on Minkowski space and sheaf cohomology classes on a real hypersurface of complex projective space CP sup 3 sup . Category Mathematical physics Math stub ... more details
In theology , correspondence is the relationship between spiritual and natural realities, or between mental and physical realities. Correspondence and esotericism Pierre A. Riffard ref Pierre A. Riffard , Dictionnaire de l sot risme , Paris Payot, 1983, 34. ref The doctrine of analogy and correspondence, present in all esoteric schools of thinking, upholds that the Whole is One and that its different levels realms, worlds are equivalent systems, whose parts are in strict correspondence. So much so that a part in a realm symbolically reflects and interacts with the corresponding part in another realm. For instance, the Sun in the mineral realm is the counterpart of the Lion in the animal realm. The relation between A and B is similar to the relation between C and D. The microcosm and macrocosm are analogous, that is, equivalent, similar in their structures, even though they are outwardly dissimilar. The parts are in strict correspondence, closely knit together and closely interacting thus feet pisces, veins rivers. According to Robert Fludd Utriusque Cosmic Historia , II , Man is a whole world of its own, called microcosm for it displays a miniature pattern of all the parts of the universe. Thus the head is related to the Empyreal, the chest to the ethereal heaven and the belly to the elementary ... one is Correspondence. Symbolic and real correspondences there is no room for abstractions here are said ... correspondence between the natural world and the invisible departments of the celestial and supercelestial ... MC&pg PA12&lpg PA12&dq 22antoine faivre 22 correspondence between&source bl&ots 3cfTZ54cSd&sig ... and other works. Swedenborg states that there is a correspondence between, for example thought and speech, between intention and action, between mind and body, and between God and creation. Correspondence ... . The correspondence between spiritual and natural things extends to all objects in the physical ... and confirm what has already been learned from the literal sense. DEFAULTSORT Correspondence ... more details
Retinal correspondence is the inherent relationship between paired retina l visual cells in the two human eye eye s. Images from one object stimulate both cells, which transmit the information to the human brain brain , permitting a single visual impression localizaed in the same direction in space ref name Cassin Cassin, B. and Solomon, S. Dictionary of Eye Terminology. Gainsville, Florida Triad Publishing Company, 1990. ref . Types Normal retinal correspondence NRC is a binocular condition in which both fovea s work together as corresponding retinal ponts, with resultant images fused in the visual cortex occipital cortex of the brain ref name Cassin . Abnormal retinal correspondence ARC is binocular sensory adaptation to compensate for a long standing eye deviation i.e. strabismus . The fovea of the straight non deviated eye and non foveal retinal point of the deviated eye work together, sometimes permitting single binocular vision ref name Cassin . References div class references small references div Internal links Binocular vision Haploscope Stereopsis Orthoptist External links Bhola, Rahul. http webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu eyeforum tutorials Bhola BinocularVision.htm Binocular Vision. University of Iowa Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences EyeRounds.org. January 23, 2006. http www.internationalorthoptics.org International Orthoptics Association http orthoptics.org.au OAA07 Orthoptics Association of Australia Category Vision ... more details
In number theory , the Shimura correspondence is a correspondence between modular form s F of half integral weight k 1 2, and modular forms f of even weight 2 k , discovered by harvs txt authorlink Goro Shimura first Goro last Shimura year 1973 . It has the property that the eigenvalue of a Hecke operator T sub n sup 2 sup sub on F is equal to the eigenvalue of T sub n sub on f . References eom id S s130280 first D. last Bump Citation last1 Shimura first1 Goro title On modular forms of half integral weight url http www.jstor.org stable 1970831 id MR 0332663 year 1973 journal Annals of Mathematics Annals of Mathematics. Second Series issn 0003 486X volume 97 pages 440 481 Category modular forms ... more details
Infobox NZ school name The Correspondence School br Te Aho o Te Kura Pounamu badge motto type State co ed correspondence school established 1922 address Private Bag 39992, br Wellington Mail Centre, br Lower Hutt 5045 br 11 Portland Crescent, br Thorndon, br Wellington, br New Zealand coordinates coord 41.2739 174.7766 type edu region NZ WGN display inline,title head label Chief Executive Officer principal Mike Hollings roll 18,999 decile not given by ERO MOE 498 homepage http www.correspondence.school.nz www.correspondence.school.nz The Correspondence School Te Aho o Te Kura Pounamu is New Zealand s largest school with one of the largest amounts of students with a total of 18,999, with students from early childhood to secondary level. It is headquartered in Portland Crescent in Thorndon , Wellington, New Zealand Wellington . In addition to its ordinary full time students, it provides programmes to students at other state sector organisations in New Zealand state owned schools where a subject is unavailable, and to adults. The Correspondence School is Ministry of Education funded. Early history The school began in 1922 with 100 primary education primary level students, expanding into secondary education in 1928 with 50 students and into early childhood education in 1976. When the school was first established in the 1920s, parliamentarians referred to the founding vision as a school for the benefit of the most isolated children, for example of lighthouse keepers and remote shepherds living upon small islands or in mountainous districts . The same parliamentary debate on TCS also described it as a school of last resort, ensuring that no matter where he sic lived every child should have as full an education as he was capable of achieving . Recent developments The school began a significant review of its services under the leadership of Debbie Francis CEO January 2004 July ... Official site DEFAULTSORT Correspondence School The Category Educational institutions ... more details
NOTOC The secrecy of correspondence lang de Briefgeheimnis , lang sv brevhemlighet , lang fi kirjesalaisuus , or literally translated as secrecy of letters , is a fundamental legal principle enshrined in the constitution s of several European countries. It guarantees that the content of sealed Letter message letters is never revealed and letters in transit are not opened by government officials or any other third party. It is thus the main legal basis for the assumption of privacy of correspondence . The principle has been naturally extended to other forms of telecommunication communication , including telephony and electronic communications on the Internet as the constitutional guarantees are generally thought to cover also these forms of communication. However, national telecommunications privacy laws may allow lawful interception , i.e. wiretapping and monitoring of electronic communications in cases of suspicion of crime. Paper letters have in most jurisdictions remained outside the legal scope of law enforcement surveillance , even in cases of reasonable searches and seizures . When applied to electronic communication, the principle protects not only the content of the communication, but also the information on when and to whom any messages if any have been sent see Call detail record s , and in the case of Mobile phone mobile communication , the location information of the mobile units. As a consequence in jurisdictions with a safeguard on secrecy of letters location data collected from mobile phone networks has a higher level of protection than data collected by vehicle telematics or transport tickets. United States In the United States there is no specific constitutional guarantee on the privacy of correspondence. The secrecy of letters and correspondence is derived ... beyond the home in other instances. A protection similar to that of correspondence has California ... unsuccessfully. Like all rights derived through litigation, the secrecy of correspondence is subject ... more details
otheruses The Committees of Correspondence were shadow governments organized by the Patriot leaders of the Thirteen Colonies on the eve of American Revolution . They coordinated responses to Britain and shared their plans by 1773 they had emerged as shadow governments, superseding the colonial legislature and royal officials. The Maryland Committee of Correspondence was instrumental in setting up the First Continental Congress , which met in Philadelphia. These served an important role in the Revolution ... governments. The committees of correspondence rallied opposition on common causes and established ... organizations. History The earliest Committees of Correspondence were formed temporarily to address ... Carr proposed the formation of a permanent Committee of Correspondence before the History of Virginia ... a committee of correspondence, Pennsylvania did so at a meeting in Philadelphia on May 20, 1774 ... 1973 , a committee of correspondence was established by Thomas McKean after 10 years of agitation ... replaced by elected Committees of Inspection with a subcommittee of Correspondence. The new committees ... in the lead in demanding independence. The Correspondence committees exchanged information with others ... Carolina ref The two discussed and drew up plans for a Committee of Correspondence. The Committee s purpose ... &7. ref Perhaps characteristic of Committees of Correspondence members, Harnett was celebrated, distinguished ..., The New American Cyclopaedia A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge , 1859. ref The Correspondence ... of the Correspondence Committee. Harnett spends the next year in northern states carrying out correspondence ... Congress created its own committee of correspondence to communicate the American interpretation of events ... during the revolution with Provincial Congress es. By 1780, committees of correspondence had been ... 0 07 059097 4 Refend DEFAULTSORT Committee Of Correspondence Category American Revolution Category 1764 establishments Category Committees fr Committee of correspondence sv Korrespondenskommitt ... more details
wikisource Khazar Correspondence The Khazar Correspondence was an exchange of letters in the 950s or 960s between Hasdai ibn Shaprut , foreign secretary to the Caliph of C rdoba, Spain Cordoba , and Joseph Khazar Joseph , Khagan of the Khazars . It is one of the few documents known to have been authored by a Khazar, and one of the very few primary sources on Khazar history. It gives both an account of the conversion itself and of its progress in subsequent generations, as well as demonstrating that within a generation of the fall of the Khazar empire in 969, the Khazar state was still militarily powerful and received tribute from several polities. Background The Correspondence originated with Hasdai ibn Shaprut, foreign secretary to Abd ar Rahman III , the Umayyad Caliph of Cordoba and al Andalus . A man of extensive contacts and virtually unlimited resources, Hasdai learned of the existence of the Khazars from greater Khorasan Khurasani merchants. His ignorance of the Khazar state is odd, and may even have been disingenuous, given Joseph s statements to the effect that there had been communications between the two communities in the past. Hasdai s first messenger found his way to Constantinople , where Byzantine authorities refused to permit him to proceed further. He returned, possibly taking the so called Schechter Letter penned by a Khazar and possibly intended for Hasdai back with him. Eventually Hasdai s letter was given to Jews attached to a Croat embassy, and reached Khazaria via yet another messenger, Isaac ben Eliezer of Nemetz Germany . Joseph s Reply gives an account of Khazar history and of its current c.960 sociopolitical and economic status. He further invites Hasdai to come to Khazaria, an invitation that Hasdai probably never accepted. The Correspondence has survived in three slightly variant versions over the centuries. Text Hasdai s letter to King Joseph I, Hasdai, son of Isaac, son of Ezra, belonging to the exiled Jews of Jerusalem in Spain Sepharad ... more details
P. s Correspondence is a 1845 short story by the 19th century United States American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne , constituting a pioneering work of alternate history . Some consider it the very first such work in the English language depending on whether or not Benjamin Disraeli s Alroy Disraeli novel Alroy of 1833 is defined as being alternate history . In any case, it is certainly among the earliest works of this genre in any language and apparently the first to introduce some features which were to become an essential part of it. It was first published in The United States Magazine and Democratic Review in April 1845 and collected with other Hawthorne stories not of this genre in Mosses from an Old Manse 1846 . The setting The story uses the technique of the False document , common in literature of the period. It purports to transcribe a letter written by a mentally deranged friend of the writer, identified only by the initial P. supposedly to protect his privacy . As presented in the preface, the writer seems to share with the rest of the world the belief that his friend is indeed mad, and publishes the text as an act of kindness rather than out of believing in its veracity. However, the text attributed to P. is far from looking like the ravings of a madman. Rather, it seems the product of a rational and sensitive mind placed in the impossible situation of simultaneously perceiving two realities which contradict each other in numerous important details, having no explanation for this phenomenon, and being increasingly unable to decide which is true and which is imaginary blockquote More and more I recognize that we dwell in a world of shadows and, for my part, I hold it hardly worth the trouble to attempt a distinction between shadows in the mind and shadows out of it. If there be any .... The whole form a series of correspondence, which, should fate seasonably remove my ... P. s Correspondence is a story written by an American, set mostly in England, dealing mainly with famous ... more details
Other uses Wiktionary AnalysisanalysisAnalysis is the process of breaking a complexity complex topic ... analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development. ref http plato.stanford.edu entries analysisAnalysis ref The word is a transcription of the ancient Greek language Greek analusis ...?term analysis Online Etymology Dictionary ref According to Hans Niels Jahnke, Analysis as an independent ...&dq&hl en v onepage&q &f false A history of analysis . AMS Bookstore. ISBN 0821826239 ref As a formal ... List of chemical analysis methods The field of chemistry uses analysis in at least three ways to identify the components of a particular chemical compound qualitative analysis , to identify the proportions of components in a mixture quantitative analysis , and to break down chemical process es and examine ... of its use, analysis of the concentration of elements is important in managing a nuclear reactor , so nuclear scientist s will analyze neutron activation analysis neutron activation to develop discrete measurements within vast samples. A matrix chemical analysis matrix can have a considerable effect on the way a chemical analysis is conducted and the quality of its results. Analysis can be done manually or with a analyser device . Chemical analysis is an important element of national security ... analysis Isotope geochemistry Chemists can use isotope s to assist analysts with issues in anthropology ... radioactivity . Business Financial statement analysis the analysis of the accounts and the economic prospects of a firm Fundamental analysis a stock valuation method that uses financial analysis Technical analysis the study of price action in securities markets in order to forecast future prices Business analysis involves identifying the needs and determining the solutions to business problems Price analysis involves the breakdown of a price to a unit figure Market analysis consists of suppliers ... Requirements analysis encompasses those tasks that go into determining the needs or conditions ... more details
W. title SOCIAL RELATIONS AT HOME AND AT SCHOOL AN ANALYSIS OF THE CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE publisher ...Multiple issues expert Sociology citations missing June 2008 date March 2009 The correspondence principle or correspondence thesis is a sociology sociological theory that posits a close relationship between social standing and the educational system. Writers in this vein notably Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis are in particular interested in the relationship between a person s social standing and the type of education that is received at school. In its most basic form the principle states that the social relations of the school can be directly related to those in the work place, meaning that educational institutions prepare students for their future work roles ref Citation last1 Howell first1 Frank M. last2 McBroom first2 Lynn W. title SOCIAL RELATIONS AT HOME AND AT SCHOOL AN ANALYSIS OF THE CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE publisher American Sociological Association year 1982 volume 55 ref . Apart from the formal curriculum that is offered by the school, the advocates of the correspondence principle argue that the structure of the school and also the personal experience given to each student the hidden curriculum is important to their future socialization. They also emphasize that there is a strong relationship between the child s education and the interaction they have with their parents at home. There is a significant intergenerational replication of consciousness and socialized inequality ... first1 Frank M. last2 McBroom first2 Lynn W. title SOCIAL RELATIONS AT HOME AND AT SCHOOL AN ANALYSIS OF THE CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE publisher American Sociological Association year 1982 volume 55 ref . Relationship to conflict theory The correspondence principle is broadly aligned with the conflict ... their labor power to the capitalists. The correspondence principle advances a neo Marxist argument ... Correspondence Principle Sociology Category Sociology Category Marxist terminology Category Sociocultural ... more details
. Therefore, organizations such as Correspondence were needed. It also included a defense of the role of revolutionary newspapers, such as the one published by Correspondence. There was also analysis of the radical ...Correspondence Publishing Committee was a Far left radical left organization led by C.L.R. James and Martin Glaberman that existed in the United States from approximately 1951 until it split in 1962. History The Correspondence Publishing Committee has its origins in the Johnson Forest Tendency led by C.L.R. James and Raya Dunayevskaya . Its origins are as a Trotskyist organization but it developed a number of highly original ideas including the notion that the Soviet Union was a State Capitalist society, an emphasis on Hegelian theory as a way of understanding the world and a rejection of the Leninist vanguard party. It also sought to focus more energy on the political issues affecting women, youth, African Americans and rank and file workers. It also had an emphasis on analyzing popular culture such as movies and books that was unusual for the era. After spending time as a faction inside ... with the Trotskyist left. By early 1951, it had renamed itself Correspondence Publishing Committee. It first published a newspaper, also known as Correspondence, in November 1951 and analyzed a wildcat ... by Raya Dunayevskaya split from Correspondence in 1955 to form News and Letters and promote Marxist .... Whether a majority or a minority split from Correspondence in 1955 remains in dispute. Historian ... the split, James Boggs activist James Boggs was named the new editor of Correspondence newspaper. It issued ... and slaves experienced in ancient Greek society. However, Correspondence will perhaps be best remembered ... from C.L.R. James . They continued to publish Correspondence for a couple of years but increasingly ... politics as Correspondence until its dissolution in 1970. Facing Reality The most important contribution ... Analysis of Facing Reality by Loren Goldner Category Book publishing companies of the United States ... more details
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