Decompression has several meanings Decompression physics , the release of pressure and the opposition of compression physical physical compression Decompression sickness , a condition arising from the precipitation of dissolved gases into bubbles inside the body on depressurization Decompression surgery , a procedure used to treat spinal stenosis in spinal decompression , carotid artery stenosis or any condition where a structure is being compressed Spinal disc herniation , also called herniated disc decompression, a form of treatment for the back, employed by chiropractors Scuba diving decompressionDecompression stop , a period of time in which a diver stays at a specific depth for Decompression chamber , a pressurizable chamber used to prevent decompression sickness Decompression buoy , a buoy that marks a diver s position when doing decompression stops Decompression trapeze , a horizontal bar or bars suspended at the depth of intended decompression stops by buoys Dive table , also called a decompression table, a printed card or booklet that allows divers to determine the necessary decompression stops to prevent decompression sickness Dive computer , also called a decompression meter, a device used by a scuba diver to measure the time and depth of a dive so that a safe ascent rate can be calculated Uncontrolled decompression , in accidents involving pressure vessels such as aircraft Data decompression , the action of reversing data compression Decompression comics , in comic book storytelling, is the stylistic choice to tell a story mainly by visuals, with few words Decompression The Outer Limits , an episode of the American television fiction series The Outer Limits Decompression party , a party that occurs after an event or a party to unwind after a stressful period disambig de Druckabfall fr D compression it Decompressione pl Dekompresja ru ... more details
File Melting icecubes.gif thumb Ice melting Molten redirects here. For the Japanese company, see Molten Corporation or see Molton or Moulton . Melting , or fusion , is a physical process that results in the phase change of a substance from a solid to a liquid . The internal energy of a substance is increased, typically by the application of heat or pressure, resulting in a rise of its temperature to the melting point , at which the rigid ordering of molecular entities in the solid breaks down to a less ordered state and the solid liquefies. An object that has melted completely is molten . Substances ... state. C.Michael Hogan. 2011 Thermodynamics of melting main Melting point When a substances melts and the solid and liquid phases are in an equilibrium, it maintains a constant temperature, the melting point. The energy used for melting is a latent heat . This characterizes the process of melting as a first order phase transition. From a thermodynamics point of view, at the melting point the change in Gibbs free energy math Delta G math of the material is zero, but the enthalpy math H math and the . Melting .... Supercooling main Supercooling Under a standard set of conditions, the melting point of a substance is a characteristic property. The melting point is often equal to the freezing point . However, under carefully created conditions, supercooling or superheating past the melting or freezing point ..., and it is likely to crystallize suddenly. Premelting surface melting main Premelting Premelting also Surface melting describes the fact that, even below its melting point Tm , quasi liquid films can .... Related concepts Wiktionarypar melting In genetics , melting DNA means to separate the double ... reaction . See also List of elements by melting point Phase diagram References reflist References ... physics STRESSES AND Defect DEFECTS Differential Geometry , Crystal Melting , pp. 743 1456, World ... pl Topnienie pt Fus o f sica ru simple Melting sk Topenie sl Taljenje sr fi ... more details
No footnotes date October 2010 A decompression algorithm is used to calculate the decompression stop s needed for a particular dive profile to reduce the risk of decompression sickness occurring after surfacing at the end of a dive. The algorithm can be used to generate decompression tables or be implemented in dive computer software. Deterministic Models Determinism Deterministic decompression models are a rule based approach to calculating decompression. These models work from the idea that excessive supersaturation in various Tissue biology tissues is unsafe resulting in decompression sickness . They usually contain multiple depth and tissue dependent rules. These rules are revised by Qualitative data qualitative judgement . There is no Objectivity science objective mathematical way of evaluating the rules or overall risk . Probabilistic Models Probability Probabilistic decompression models are designed to calculate the risk or probability of decompression sickness DCS occurring on a given decompression profile. These models can vary the decompression stop depths and times to arrive at a final decompression schedule that assumes a specified probability of DCS occurring. The model does this while minimizing the total decompression time. This process can also work in reverse allowing one to calculate the probability of DCS for any decompression schedule. Bubble Models Bubble decompression models are a rule based approach to calculating decompression. These models work from the idea that microscopic bubble nuclei always exist in water and tissues that contain water and that by predicting controlling the bubble growth, one can avoid decompression sickness. References cite book last1 Lippmann first1 John last2 Mitchell first2 Simon authorlink2 Simon Mitchell title Deeper into Diving edition 2nd year 2005 publisher J L Publications location Melbourne, Australia isbn 0 9752290 ... 07 3 Decompression DEFAULTSORT Decompression Algorithms Category Diving decompression Category Decompression ... more details
About events relating to Burning Man Decompression disambiguation Decompression A decompression party , decom or decomp is a local reunion for Burning Man participants to help ease themselves back into everyday society after the big event . It is not uncommon for Burning Man participants to experience post burn blues , and decompression events can help alleviate the feelings of loneliness and separation that can occur. The events provide an opportunity to participants to share feelings, art, performances and memories. As awareness of Burning Man has spread around the world, Decompression events have evolved to welcome newcomers to Burner culture. The decompression events can occur anywhere from September to December, and anything afterwards is typically considered a warm up for the next Burning Man. There has been an official Decompression Party hosted by the Burning Man organization since 1999, but the various Regional networks typically prefer to host their own. The Burning Man organization has since made the term Decompression a registered trademark and must conform to a set of rules. The atmosphere at these parties vary, but are typically upbeat and energetic. The decompression parties are sometimes reminiscent of early Burning Man festivals due to their informality and smaller ... fiction convention s. The name comes from an analogy to diving, where decompression refers to a Decompression stop period of time spent by underwater diving deep sea divers either in decompression ... pressure in order to avoid the decompression sickness bends . Decompression requirements To officially call one s event a Decompression , the event must 1. have specific permission to use that term ... links http www.burningman.com blackrockcity yearround special events decompression index.html Welcome to Decompression http www.londondecompression.com London Decompression http nycdecompression.org NYC Decompression Category Burning Man festival stub ... more details
refimprove date August 2009 Image Decompression chamber.jpg thumb right Two United States Navy sailors inside a decompression chamber about to undergo training Image Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 1 person chamber.jpg thumb One person chamber A decompression chamber is a pressure vessel used in surface supplied diving to allow the divers to complete their decompression stop s at the end of a dive on the surface rather than underwater. This eliminates many of the risks of long decompressions underwater, in cold or dangerous conditions. Often the terms decompression chamber , recompression chamber and hyperbaric oxygen therapy chamber are used interchangeably. The names reflect the different purposes that the chambers are designed for, rather than their capability. Each is capable of operating in the others role a recompression chamber is used to treat divers suffering from certain diving disorders such as decompression sickness a hyperbaric oxygen therapy chamber is used in a hospital or sporting context to treat patients whose condition might benefit from hyperbaric oxygen treatment, including divers. History The decompression chamber was invented in 1916 by the Italian engineer Alberto Gianni . ref Seventy fathom deep David Scott Faber & Faber limited London 1931 ref ref The Egypt gold David Scott Faber & Faber London 1932 ref See also Hyperbaric medicine Diving chamber Byford Dolphin decompression accident References reflist External links http www.londonhyperbaric.com london hyperbaric medicine divers treatment chamber Decompression Chamber in detail Decompression DEFAULTSORT Decompression Chamber Category Diving equipment Category Diving decompression Category Italian inventions Underwater diving stub de Dekompressionskammer it Camera di decompressione nl Decompressiekamer pl Komora dekompresyjna ro Barocamer ru fi Painekammio ... more details
Refimprove date August 2009 A decompression trapeze is a device used in recreational diving and technical diving to make decompression stop s more comfortable and more secure and provide the divers surface cover with a visual reference for the divers position. It consists of a horizontal bar or bars suspended at the depth of intended decompression stops by buoys . The bars are of sufficient weight and the buoys of sufficient buoyancy that the trapeze will not easily change depth in turbulent water or if the divers experience buoyancy control problems. ref name newry cite web url http www.newryandmournesubaqua.com technicalIssues2.php title Technical Issues publisher Newry & Mourne Sub Aqua Club accessdate 2009 08 28 ref Trapezes are often used with diving shot s. When diving in tidal waters at the end of slack water , the trapeze may be released from the diving shot to drift in the current as the divers make their decompression stops. References references Decompression DEFAULTSORT Decompression Trapeze Category Diving equipment Category Diving decompression Underwater diving stub ... more details
Ratio decompression usually referred to in abbreviated form as ratio deco is a technique for calculating decompression schedule s for Scuba diving scuba divers engaged in deep diving without using dive tables , decompression software or a dive computer . It is generally taught as part of the Doing It Right ... Team Diving UTD at the advanced technical diving level. It is designed for decompression diving ... rebreather phys.html Diving physics and fizzyology , under Decompression , the basis for decompression ... to minimise the risk of decompression sickness in divers. However, all diving algorithms are just ... circumstances divers have been known to suffer symptomatic decompression sickness whilst diving within ... have exeeded No Decompression Limit s but remained asymptomatic. While Ratio Decompression is not a complete decompression model, its most resemble those of B hlmann tables B hlmann alogrithm , and the Varying Permeability Model algorithm, with emphasis on the use of Decompression stop Deep stops ... actual profile. Whereas a characteristic decompression profile, even based upon the more conservative ... decompression obligation for a given dive and create a profile which makes better use the most effective parts of the decompression profile and comparatively less time at the less effective stops resulting ... a decompression schedule using ratio decompression is actually relatively simple and certainly ... ratio from whence the technique gets its name of the amount of total decompression time as a ratio to the total bottom time. ref For the purposes of ratio decompression, bottom time means time ... of decompression would vary according to time at depth, ref For example, using the US Navy diving ... to time of exposure apply , a dive to convert 180 ft for 5 minutes would result in no decompression obligation at all, a 15 minute dive would result in total decompression obligation of 15 minutes, and a 30 minute dive would result in a total decompression obligation of 56 minutes. http www.coralspringsscuba.com ... more details
Image Decompression stop sample profile.PNG 400px right thumb A SCUBA Diver makes several stops in order to safely decompress. Decompression is the act of making many stops during an ascent from depth to allow the dissolved gases, from the breathing gas, to leave the tissues of the body. If a graph of depth time is plotted, the result is what is known as the decompression curve it is the profile the diver must follow in order to release the dissolved gas from their body slowly. How decompression works Decompression stop Decompression is a mechanism of gas removal from tissues. This is achieved by setting up a gradient between the dissolved gas, and the breathing gas as well as the current depth. Example assume Earth s atmosphere air math O 2 20 math and math N 2 80 math . At the surface they body is in Chemical equilibrium equilibrium with the Earth s atmosphere atmosphere assume only Nitrogen and Oxygen , and the partial pressures of these gases would be 0.8bar and 0.2bar respectively, both inside and outside the body. Suppose a Scuba diving SCUBA Diver made a dive using air and they descended to 10msw 33 fsw and stayed there, they would on gas. This is because the partial pressure of the gases in their body is different to the partial pressure of the gases they are breathing. At 10msw the diver is breathing a gas at 2bar math O 2 20 math and math N 2 80 math would result in a math ppO 2 0.4bar math and math ppN 2 1.60bar math . As stated, the divers tissues are at a different partial pressure, therefore applying diffusion laws, the gases will try to equalise. Hence the tissues will load with gas If we say that the diver stays at that depth long enough to become saturated ... with the decompression curve Steep If the decompression curve has a steep gradient, we can say ... rate of removal before the benefit is minimised by the risk of decompression sickness, or the bends. Decompression DEFAULTSORT Decompression Curve Category Diving decompression Underwater diving ... more details
noref date August 2009 File Decompression Dive Preparation.JPG 300px thumb right Technical diving Technical divers preparing for a mixed gas decompression dive in Bohol , Philippines . Note the backplate and wing setup with sidemount ed Diving cylinder Purposes of diving cylinders stage tanks containing Nitrox EAN50 left side and pure oxygen right side . A decompression schedule is a series of increasingly shallower decompression stops often for increasing amounts of time that a diver uses to offgas inert gases from the diver s body during ascent to the surface to reduce the risk of decompression sickness . In a decompression dive, the decompression phase may make up a large part of the time spent underwater in many cases it is longer than the actual time spent at depth . The depth and duration of each stop is dependent on many factors, primarily the profile of depth and time of the dive, but also the breathing gas mix, the interval since the previous dive and the altitude of the dive site. The diver obtains the depth and duration of each stop from a dive computer , dive tables decompression tables or dive planning computer software. A deco diver will typically prepare more than one decompression schedule to plan for contingencies such as going deeper than planned or spending longer at depth than planned. An example of a deco schedule A dive to 130 ft on air for 10 minutes the No Decompression Limit No decompression limit NDL is 5 minutes Waypoint at 130 ft for 10 00 13 on Air, Partial pressure PP Oxygen O2 1.036, END 130 Decompression stop Deep stops Deep Stop at 110 ft for 0 20 13 on Air, PPO2 0.909, END 110 Deep Stop at 100 ft for 0 20 14 on Air, PPO2 0.845, END 100 Deep ... oxygen contents are used to speed up the decompression. This carries with it the risk of oxygen toxicity , therefore situational awareness and depth control are a must. Decompression DEFAULTSORT Decompression Schedule Category Diving decompression Underwater diving stub ... more details
File Tech diving decompression stop.jpg right thumb 300px Free floating decompression stop. A decompression ... at the end of a dive to safely eliminate absorbed inert gas es from the diver s body to avoid decompression .... location United States isbn 0702025712 pages 800 ref The practice of making decompression stops is called staged decompression , ref name Boycott cite journal last Boycott first A. E. coauthors G ... S0022172400003399 pmid 20474365 pmc 2167126 ref ref cite book title DecompressionDecompression ... New York isbn 0387133089 ref as opposed to continuous decompression . ref name Bert cite journal ... ref Sport Diving, British Sub Aqua Club, ISBN 0091638313, page 110 ref Doing a stop Image Decompression stop sample profile.PNG 400px right thumb The diver uses decompression tables ref name usn cite ... 2008 04 24 ref or dive computer s to find, for his planned dive profile and breathing gas , if decompression ... that needs no decompression stops during the ascent. ref name Brubakk Shorter and shallower decompression dives may only need one single short shallow decompression stop, for example 5 minutes at convert 3 m ft 0 . Longer and deeper dives often need a series of decompression stops, each stop ... dive computer malfunction, diver error or physiology physiological predisposition to decompression ... Gas Emboli in Non Decompression Diving Involving Safety Stops author Uguccioni, DM year 1984 publisher ... causing the symptoms and injuries of decompression sickness. ref Sport Diving, British Sub Aqua Club, ISBN 0091638313, page 104 ref When diving with nitrogen based breathing gas es, decompression ... are commonly used in decompression gases to use the effect of the oxygen window . The length of surface interval between dives is also very important for decompression. It typically takes from 16 to 24 ... a dive. The surface interval can be thought of as the last decompression stop of a dive. ref BSAC 88 Decompression Tables Levels 1 to 4 ref Breathing gas type Only divers breathing gas at high pressure ... more details
Spinal decompression is a term that describes the relief of pressure on one or many pinched nerves neural ... spinal decompression title spinal decompression definition of spinal decompression in the Medical ... date accessdate 2010 12 18 ref Spinal decompression can be achieved both ... . Surgical spinal decompression Surgical spinal decompression can be performed in two common ... decompression. Microdisectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a portion ... spinal decompression Non surgical spinal decompression is achieved through the use of a Traction ... and or generate muscle spasm. This enhanced control allows non surgical spinal decompression tables ... down, is a form of mechanical traction used for spinal decompression. ref http www.mayoclinic.com health ... such as injections, anesthesia or surgery. Spinal decompression works through a series of 15 one minute alternating decompression using a logarithmic decompression curve and relaxation cycles with a total treatment time of 30 minutes. During the decompression phase the pressure in the disc is reduced ... of inflammation in the disc. ref cite web url http www.totalback.com spinal disk decompression therapy.php title Vax D Spinal Decompression Therapy Sciatica & Herniated Disc Treatment publisher Totalback.com ... spinal decompression or range of motion ROM decompression, which enables the doctor or therapist to adjust the patient s spinal Neutral spine posture during the decompression. Varying the Vertebral ... and tissues that basic linear decompression misses. The Antalgic Trak is a brand name for an articulating decompression system. ref Chiropractic Economics , May 2006, EmpowerDoctor.com author Doug Fogel, March 2008 ref Theoretical foundations The theory behind non surgical spinal decompression is that significant ... surgical spinal decompression is that it is a non invasive, non surgical, drug free alternative treatment ... failed. History Non surgical spinal decompression was originally developed and pioneered by Dr ... more details
Decompression Illness DCI describes a collection of symptoms arising from decompression of the body. DCI is caused by two different mechanisms, which result in overlapping sets of symptoms. The two mechanisms are Decompression sickness DCS , which results from gas dissolved in body tissue under pressure precipitating out of solution and forming bubbles on decompression. It typically afflicts scuba divers on poorly managed ascent from depth or aviators flying in inadequately pressurised aircraft. Air embolism Arterial Gas Embolism AGE , which is gas bubbles in the bloodstream. In the context of DCI these may form either as a result of precipitation of dissolved gas into the blood on depressurisation, as for DCS above, or by gas entering the blood mechanically as a result of pulmonary barotrauma . Pulmonary barotrauma is a rupturing of the lungs by internal over pressurisation caused by the expansion of air held in the lungs on depressurisation such as a scuba diver ascending while holding the breath or the explosive decompression of an aircraft cabin or other working environment. Mechanisms of injury Refer to the main article Decompression sickness for the mechanism of injury behind DCS. Refer to the main article Gas embolism Gas embolism in diving Arterial Gas Embolism for the mechanism of injury behind AGE. Signs and symptoms Below is a summary comparison of the signs and symptoms of DCI arising from its two components Decompression Sickness and Arterial Gas Embolism . A more detailed account of the signs and symptoms of Decompression Sickness can be found Decompression sickness Signs and symptoms here . cellpadding 0 cellspacing 0 style width 42em padding 0.3em margin left ... family sans serif font size 0.9em background color cedff2 text align left big Decompression sickness ..., breathing gas es used and surface intervals. Treatment Treatment for the Decompression Sickness and the Arterial ... DEFAULTSORT Decompression Illness Category Diving medicine fr Maladie de d compression it Patologia ... more details
file AXM14.JPG thumb 240px An example of decompression from Astonishing X Men 14 , art by John Cassaday In comics , decompression is a stylistic storytelling choice characterized by a strong emphasis on visuals or character interaction, which, in turn, usually leads to slower moving plots. The style is often used with widescreen comics . History Decompression developed a strong presence in mainstream American comic books in the 1990s and 2000s. Traditionally, American comics first appeared as anthologies featuring multiple short stories per issue, usually with different characters, which continued for decades in the back up story pages. The done in one format prevailed for a long time eventually becoming seconded by open ended multiple subplots that characterized the 70s and 80s in American comics. Decompression is often claimed to be a result of the growing influence of manga on the international ... circulation and black and white printing, extensively uses decompression as a storytelling style ... of the first commercially successful American comics to use decompression as its dominant style was the first ... s success, decompression was widely adopted across the American comics industry with varying degrees of success. Many alternative American cartoonists make use of decompression, most notably those who ... use decompression as a storytelling technique. Most notable are artists associated with the Franco ... of decompression, with its extensive use of this style. Spanning more than 500 pages, Cages can be labelled ... In response to criticism of the widespread use of decompression in mainstream American comics ... Cutting Costs III Clarifying Decompression http newsarama.com forums showthread.php?s &threadid 5824 Stuart Moore s A Thousand Flowers Compression, Decompression http comicbookbin.com koppy03.html Decompression Chamber http www.boilet.net am nouvellemanga manifeste 1.html Boilet s discussion on Nouvelle ... magazine wizard 004888595.cfm Keith Giffen vs decompression Category Comics terminology ... more details
Uncontrolled decompression refers to an unexpected drop in the pressure of a sealed system, such as an aircraft cabin . Where the speed of the decompression occurs faster than air can escape from the lung s, this is known as explosive decompression ED , and is associated with explosion explosive violence. Where decompression is still rapid, but not faster than the lungs can decompress, this is known as rapid decompression . Lastly, slow decompression or gradual decompression occurs so slowly that humans may not detect it before Hypoxia medical hypoxia sets in. Generally uncontrolled decompression ... Tobin DA title Explosive decompression in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber journal Am J Roentgenol Radium ... ref Description The term uncontrolled decompression here refers to the unplanned depressurisation ... situations. Decompression can occur due to structural failure of the pressure vessel, or failure of the compression ... page 720 ref The speed and violence of the decompression is affected by the size of the pressure ... of the leak hole. The Federal Aviation Administration recognizes three distinct types of decompression events in aircraft ref name FAA OPS ref name Dehart Explosive decompression Rapid decompression Gradual decompression Explosive decompression Explosive decompression occurs at a rate swifter than ... to a bomb detonation. After an explosive decompression within an aircraft, a heavy fog may immediately ... PDF ref Rapid decompression Rapid decompression typically takes more than 0.1 to 0.5 seconds, allowing ... present, but significantly reduced compared with explosive decompression. Slow decompression Slow, or gradual, decompression occurs slowly enough to go unnoticed and might only be detected by instruments. ref name FAA OPS This type of decompression may also come about from a failure to pressurize ... vessels are also susceptible to explosive decompression the O ring s or rubber gasket s used to seal ... equipment to be subjected to an explosive decompression test before it is certified as safe for use ... more details
The No Decompression Limit NDL or no stop time , is the interval that a scuba diver may theoretically spend at a given depth without having to perform decompression stop s. ref name Brubakk cite book title Bennett and Elliott s physiology and medicine of diving, 5th Rev ed. last Brubakk first A. O. coauthors T. S. Neuman year 2003 publisher Saunders Ltd. location United States isbn 0702025712 page 800 ref When divers breathe breathing gas gas under pressure, inert gas es, such as nitrogen and helium , dissolve into their body tissues. As the diver ascends from a dive the ambient pressure reduces and the dissolved inert gases in their tissues come out of solution. If this process occurs too quickly decompression sickness can result. The NDL helps divers plan dives so that they can stay at a given depth and ascend without stopping while avoiding significant risk of decompression sickness. The NDL is a theoretical time obtained by calculating inert gas uptake and release in the body, using a model such as the B hlmann decompression algorithm . ref name Brubakk Although the science of calculating ... a degree of safety built into their recommendations. Divers can and do suffer decompression sickness ... tables available as well as software programs and calculators, which will calculate no decompression ... the first dive table which was used by the Royal Navy to prevent decompression sickness in divers. ref name acott cite journal last Acott first C. title A brief history of diving and decompression ... Air Decompression Tables which have become the accepted world standard for diving with compressed ... the no decompression limit for the diver throughout the dive. Because dive computers can accurately .... If the diver exceeds a no decompression limit, the dive becomes a decompression dive and the diver ... can provide some decompression stop information in the event that decompression limits are exceeded. References reflist 2 Decompression Category Diving decompression Category Underwater diving ... more details
Infobox disease Name Caisson disease decompression sickness ICD10 ICD10 T 70 3 t 66 ICD9 ICD9 993.3 Image Decompression chamber.jpg Alt Photograph of the cramped interior of a cylinder containing two benches Caption Two United States Navy sailors prepare for training inside a decompression chamber . DiseasesDB 3491 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 121 MeshName Decompression Sickness MeshNumber C21.866.120.248 Decompression sickness DCS also known as divers disease , the bends ... Decompression illness and dysbarism The term dysbarism encompasses decompression sickness, arterial gas embolism , and barotrauma , whereas decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism are commonly classified together as decompression illness when a precise diagnosis cannot be made. ref name ... DCS types. ref name BE10 6 578 584 class wikitable Signs and symptoms of decompression sickness ... or at greater depth, without ascending gradually and making the decompression stops needed to slowly ... osteonecrosis DON . DON can develop from a single exposure to rapid decompression. ref name Ohta1974 ... bubble studies to support this An individual exposed to a rapid decompression high rate of ascent ..., Lake Titicaca is at convert 3800 m ft abbr on without using versions of decompression table s or dive ... may predispose individuals to developing decompression related bubbles. ref name 38uhms ref name ... name Fryer Decompression sickness risk can be reduced by increased ambient temperature during decompression ... that decompression sickness could be reduced in aviators when the serum surface tension was raised by drinking ... out of his bulky diving gear This surfacing diver must enter a decompression chamber to avoid decompression ... produce the symptoms of decompression sickness. ref name 38uhms ref name Ackles Bubbles may form whenever ... 41 A similar effect, known as ebullism , may occur during explosive decompression , when water vapour ... can also cause decompression sickness. Helium both enters and leaves the body faster than nitrogen ... more details
Microvascular Decompression MVD , also known as the Janetta procedure ref http neurosurgery.ucsf.edu index.php pain treatment trigeminal neuralgia.html MVD ref , is a Neurosurgery neurosurgical procedure used to treat trigeminal neuralgia , a pain syndrome characterized by severe episodes of intense facial pain. History Nicholas Andre first described trigeminal neuralgia in 1756. In 1891 Sir Victor Horsley proposed the first open surgical procedure for the disorder involving the sectioning of preganglionic rootlets of the trigeminal nerve. Walter Dandy in 1925 was an advocate of partial sectioning of the nerve in the posterior fossa. During this procedure he noted compression of the nerve by vascular loops and in 1932 proposed the theory that trigeminal neuralgia was caused by compression of the nerve by a blood vessel ref Dandy WE. Trigeminal neuralgia and trigeminal tic douloureux. In Lewis D, ed. Practice of Surgery. Hagerstown, MD WF Prior CO, 1932 177 200. ref With the advent of the operative microscope, Peter Jannetta was able to further confirm this theory in 1967 and advocated moving the offending vessel and placing a sponge to prevent the vessel from returning to its native position as a treatment for trigeminal neuralgia ref Jannetta PJ. Arterial compression of the trigeminal nerve at the pons in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Journal of Neurosurgery 1967 26 159 162. ref Patient Selection Patients most likely to benefit from a microvascular decompression have a classic form of trigeminal neuralgia. The diagnosis of this disorder is on the basis of the patients symptoms and from a neurological examination. No blood test or genetic marker exists to diagnosis the disease ... native position. After the decompression is complete, the wound is flushed clean with saline solution ... PJ, Bissonette DJ, et al. The long term outcome of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia ... results. ref Apfelbaum RI. Neurovascular decompression the procedure of choice? In Grady MS, ed. Clinical ... more details
Glass melting might refer to Glass production Hot end Commercial glass melting using fossil fuel s Commercial electric glass melting Glass Glassmaking in the laboratory Glass melting in the laboratory disambig ... more details
wiktionarypar melting temperature Melting temperature may refer to Melting point , the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid state. Tm 81.5 0.41 GC pair 675 N N mer number of nucleotides DNA melting temperature , the temperature at which a DNA double helix dissociates into single strands. disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Context date October 2009 Congruent melting occurs as a compound melting melts , when the composition of the liquid it forms is the same as the composition of the solid. It contrasts with incongruent melting . Source Paraphrased from Atkins Physical Chemistry 8th edition by Peter Atkins and Julio De Paula See also Congruent transition DEFAULTSORT Congruent Melting Category Phase changes ru fi Kongruentti sulaminen ... more details
For the physical processes that takes place at the melting point, see Melting , Freezing and Crystallization The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes states of matter state from solid to liquid . At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting ... rather than the formation of ice , that is, the Melting point measurements melting ... thumb right Melting points in blue and boiling points in pink of the first eight carboxylic acids C For most substances, melting and freezing points are approximately equal. For example, the melting ... from 31 C to 40 C 89.6 F to 104 F this process is known as hysteresis . The melting point of ice at 1 atmosphere of pressure is very close ref The melting point of purified water ... of water is the same as the melting point, but in the absence of nucleators water can Supercooling ... melting point is tungsten , at 3683 K 3410 C, 6170 F making it excellent for use as filaments in light ... with a very high melting point of 4488 K 4215 C, 7619 F . ref RubberBible86th ref At the other ... very close to absolute zero pressures over 20 times normal atmospheric pressure are necessary. Melting point measurements main Melting point apparatus File Koflerbank.jpg thumb Kofler bench with samples for calibration Many laboratory techniques exist for the determination of melting points. A Kofler .... Differential scanning calorimetry gives information on melting point together with its enthalpy of fusion . A basic melting point apparatus for the analysis of crystalline solids consists of a oil ... bath is heated and stirred and with the aid of the magnifier and external light source melting of the individual ... is placed in a heating block, and optical detection is automated. Thermodynamics File Melting curve of water.jpg thumb right Pressure dependence of water melting point Not only is heat required to raise the temperature of the solid to the melting point, but the melting itself requires heat called the heat ... more details
otheruses Melting pot disambiguation Image TheMeltingpot1.jpg thumb right Theatre Programme for The Melting Pot 1916 The Melting Pot is a play by Israel Zangwill , first staged in 1908. It depicts the life of a Russians Russian Jewish immigrant family, the Quixanos. David Quixano has survived a pogrom , which killed his mother and sister, and he wishes to forget this horrible event. He composes an American Symphony and wants to look forward to a society free of ethnic divisions and hatred, rather than backward at his traumatic past. The hero of the play proclaims America is God s Crucible, the great Melting Pot where all the races of Europe are melting and reforming... Germans and Frenchmen, Irishmen and Englishmen, Jews and Russians into the Crucible with you all God is making the American. ref As quoted in Gary Gerstle American Crucible Race and Nation in the Twentieth Century, Princeton University Press, 2001, p. 51 ref Some critics of the play have taken issue with David s apparent willingness to give up his ties to Judaism in order to become American. Although the idea of melting as a metaphor for ethnic assimilation had been used before, Zangwill s play popularized the term melting pot as a symbol for this occurrence in American society. Fact date April 2007 When The Melting Pot opened in Washington D.C. on October 5, 1909, President Theodore Roosevelt leaned over the edge of his box and shouted, That s a great play, Mr. Zangwill, that s a great play. ref Guy Szuberla, Zangwill s The Melting Pot Plays Chicago, MELUS, Vol. 20, No. 3, History and Memory. Autumn, 1995 , pp. 3 20. ref ref Leftwich57 ref The hero of the play, David, emigrates to America in the wake of the 1903 ... ref Leftwich57 Sources Edna Nahshon, From the Ghetto to the Melting Pot Israel Zangwill s Jewish Plays, Wayne State University Press DEFAULTSORT Melting Pot, The Category British plays Category 1908 plays 1900s play stub no The Melting Pot ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Melting Close Type Album Artist Klinik The Klinik and De Fabriek Cover Released 1986 Recorded 1986 Genre Industrial music Industrial Length Label De Fabriek Records Producer Reviews Last album Sabotage Klinik album Sabotage br 1985 This album Melting Close br 1986 Next album Walking with Shadows br 1986 Attentie is a 1986 split LP with Belgian bands De Fabriek and The Klinik. The Klinik s part is called Melting Close . Track listing De Fabriek Mensen Die Hun Planten Slaan The Klinik Never Get Out 4 30 The Klinik Melting Close 3 45 The Klinik Nautilus 8 30 The Klinik Feel the Evil 7 37 Category Klinik albums Category 1986 albums ... more details
that polybaric near fractional melting may be the dominant form of basalt petrogenesis was a consequence ... melting experiments failed to fully constrain underlying processes, necessitating the use of polybaric near fractional melting ref name doi 10.1093 petrology egh043 . It is possible to incorporate polybaric near fractional melting considerations into predictive algorithm s such as pMELTS ref Ghiorso ... and major element partitioning related to partial melting of the mantle to 3 GPa, Geochem. Geophy ... Longhi, John 2002 , Some phase equilibrium systematics of lherzolite melting I, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy ... DEFAULTSORT Polybaric Melting Category Petrology ... more details
Partial melting occurs when only a portion of a solid is melted. For mixed substances, such as a rock containing several different mineral s or a mineral that displays solid solution , this melt can be different from the bulk composition of the solid. Partial melting occurs where the solidus chemistry solidus and liquidus temperatures are different. For single minerals this can happen when they exhibit solid solution, for example in olivine s between iron and magnesium . In rocks made up of several different minerals, some will melt at lower temperatures than others. Partial melting is an important consideration in geology with respect to the chemical Igneous differentiation differentiation of crust geology crustal rocks . Virtually all rocks on Earth derive from material from the interior of the earth that has been partially melted. ref http www.geo.ua.edu volcanology lecture notes files partial melting.html Partial Melting ref The main places where partial melting occurs are subduction zones, mid ocean ridge s and hotspot geology hotspots . In all these places partial melting is often associated with volcanism , although some melts do not make it to the surface. Partial melts are thought to play an important role in enriching old parts of the continental lithosphere in incompatible element s. ref Cite journal doi 10.1093 petrology egn048 pages egn048 last Gibson first Sally A. coauthors Jacqueline Malarkey, Jason A. Day title Melt Depletion and Enrichment beneath the Western Kaapvaal Craton Evidence from Finsch Peridotite Xenoliths journal Journal of Petrology accessdate 2009 05 22 date 2008 10 22 url http petrology.oxfordjournals.org cgi content abstract egn048v1 ref Partial ... ref Gallery Gallery File Partial Melting Phase Diagram.svg Melting of a substance exhibiting solid solution ... path, and begins melting at temperature T sub A sub . The initial liquid produced has the composition ... has melted. Image Partial melting asthenosphere EN.svg Diagram showing the physical processes inside ... more details
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