Merge Activating group discuss Deactivatinggroups Merge discussion date February 2011 In organic chemistry , a deactivating group or electron withdrawing group is a functional group attached to a benzene molecule that removes electron density from the benzene ring, making electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions slower and more complex relative to benzene. Depending on their relative strengths, deactivatinggroups also determine the positions relative to themselves on the benzene ring where substitutions must take place this property is therefore important in processes of organic synthesis . Categories Deactivatinggroups are generally sorted into three categories. Weakly deactivatinggroups direct electrophile s to attack the benzene molecule at the Arene substitution patterns ortho and Arene substitution patterns para positions, while strongly and moderately deactivatinggroups direct attacks to the Arene substitution patterns meta position. This is not a case of favouring the meta position like para and ortho directing functional groups, but rather disfavouring the para and ortho positions more than they disfavour the meta position. Strongly DeactivatingGroups NO sub 2 sub , nitro compound nitro groups NR sub 3 sub sup sup amine Quaternary amine Quaternary ammonium base CF sub 3 sub , CCl sub 3 sub trihalide s Moderately DeactivatingGroups CN Cyano Cyano Groups SO sub 3 sub H Sulfonic acid Sulfonates CO sub 2 sub H Carboxylic acid CO sub 2 sub R Esters CHO, COR Aldehydes and Ketones Halides are ortho para directing groups due to the lone pair activating the benzene ... with activating groups and deactivatinggroups were first described in 1892 and have been known as the Crum ... . Mechanism While steric effects are a consideration, the major contribution of deactivatinggroups is achieved by utilizing the nature of conjugated system s specifically the ease through which ... See also Activating group References reflist Category Functional groups ... more details
Merge to T group social psychology date May 2010 Unreferenced date December 2006 In 1947, the Office of Naval Research and the National Education Association created the National Training Laboratories Institute in Bethel, Maine . It pioneered the use of T groups Sensitivity or Laboratory Training in which the learners use feedback, problem solving, and role play to gain insights into themselves, others, and groups. The goal was to change the standards, attitudes and behavior of individuals. This type of training is controversial as the behaviors it encourages are often self disclosure and openness, which many people believe an organization ultimately punishes. Also, a lot of the sensitivity training taking place uses excessive activities. The feedback used in this type of training can be highly personal, hence it must be given by highly trained observers trainers . External links http www.orgdct.com more on t groups.htm T Groups Category Social psychology Category United States Navy Psych stub bg ... more details
Christ Groups are a category of Christian churches in several countries, including India . The number of Christ Groups possibly exceeds 100,000. ref http www.ehcuk.com ref Already by 1980 the number of groups in India was in the hundreds, if not more. ref http books.google.de books?lr &as drrb is q&as minm is 0&as miny is &as maxm is 0&as maxy is &q 22Christ Groups 22&as brr 0&sa N&start 30 ref It has been claimed, that there were 50,000 groups in India in 1996 . ref http books.google.de books?id n8vYAAAAMAAJ&q 22Christ Groups 22&dq 22Christ Groups 22&lr &as drrb is q&as minm is 0&as miny is &as maxm is 0&as maxy is &as brr 0&cd 119 ref The movement has been created by the Every Home Crusade . ref http books.google.de books?id n8vYAAAAMAAJ&q 22Christ Groups 22&dq 22Christ Groups 22&lr &as drrb is q&as minm is 0&as miny is &as maxm is 0&as maxy is &as brr 0&cd 119 ref The Christ Groups belong to the Renewal religion Renewal . References reflist 2 Churches in India Category Christian denominations in India ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 infobox website name MSN Groups logo screenshot Image Msngroups.png 200px caption Home page of MSN Groups url http groups.msn.com groups.msn.com alexa commercial type Online ... defunct date 2009 current status defunct 2009 revenue slogan MSN Groups was a website part of the MSN ... images, and contained a message board. MSN Groups was shut down on February 21, 2009 as part of a migration of online applications and services to the Windows Live brand, but Windows Live Groups is not a de facto replacement for MSN Groups due to a different feature set. History Since 1991 there were ... Pages and File cab later referred to as Documents in MSN Communities, which were later called Groups. Besides the general content and community that many of these groups provided, they would compete for the top ten rankings. Some of the largest groups in the site, often rising to the number 1 spot ... were added. Gradually, the list pages, custom pages and documents pages were added. Some groups had icons displayed next to the name. Official groups by MSN had the MSN butterfly , groups considered cool had sunglasses , private groups had a padlock and Mature groups had the smoking pipe . Previously, Adult groups had their own icon too. In 2005, all Adult groups were http www.worldgroups.com grppage.wsif?t Migration WPhosted Info1 transferred to the World Groups http www.worldgroups.com web site. Creating or changing a group to Adult is no longer possible in MSN. The removal of all Adult groups was processed on November 28, 2005 http www.betanews.com article MSN To Close Adult Mature Groups ... of the MSN Chat MSN Chat service . MSN Groups Chat rooms were removed from the CMS because MSN Subscription ... Members of MSN Groups can use and contribute to message boards, document folders, photo albums ... the e mail address specified in their profile. Some groups discourage members from disclosing their e ... which can be used to contact administrators only. All groups are expected to comply with MSN s http ... more details
In geometric group theory , a graph of groups is an object consisting of a collection of group mathematics groups indexed by the vertices and edges of a graph mathematics graph , together with a family of monomorphism s of the edge groups into the vertex groups. There is a unique group, called the fundamental group , canonically associated to each finite connected graph of groups. It admits an orientability orientation preserving action on a tree graph theory tree the original graph of groups can ... of groups over a graph math Y is an assignment to each vertex math x of math Y of a group math G sub ... &phi sub y,0 sub and math &phi sub y,1 sub mapping math G sub y sub into the groups assigned to the vertices ... group math &Gamma to be the group generated by the vertex groups math G sub x sub and elements ... of groups, as shown in the paper of Higgins referred to below, is that it is defined independently ... extension . ref name bass H. Bass, Covering theory for graphs of groups. Journal of Pure and Applied ... . The graph of groups given by the stabiliser subgroups on the fundamental domain corresponds to the original graph of groups. Examples A graph of groups on a graph with one edge and two vertices corresponds to a free product with amalgamation . A graph of groups on a single vertex with a loop corresponds to an HNN extension . Generalisations The simplest possible generalisation of a graph of groups is a 2 dimensional orbifold Complexes of groups complex of groups . These are modeled on orbifold s arising from cocompact properly discontinuous actions of discrete groups on 2 dimensional simplicial ... complex has finite stabiliser groups attached to vertices, edges and triangles together with monomorphisms for every inclusion of simplices. A complex of groups is said to be developable if it arises ... on the complex of groups it can be verified locally by checking that all graph theory circuits occurring in the link geometry links of vertices have length at least six. Such complexes of groups originally ... more details
Primary sources date March 2009 Infobox Website name Yahoo Groups favicon logo Image Yahoo Groups.png ... revenue Yahoo Groups is one of the world s largest collections of online discussion board s. The term Groups refers to an Internet communication tool which is a hybrid between an electronic mailing ... s web site. Groups can be created with public or member only access. Some Groups are simply ... others are discussion forums. The variations of Yahoo Groups are virtually endless. As well as providing e mail relaying and archiving facilities for the many Groups it hosts, the Yahoo Groups service ... with Yahoo in order to participate in Yahoo Groups. The basic mailing list functionality ... Unreferenced section date August 2006 Yahoo Groups was launched in early 2001 as an integration of technology from eGroups.com and community groups from both eGroups.com and Yahoo Clubs. 1998 Yahoo ... later, the new Yahoo Groups product was launched which merged eGroups.com and Yahoo Clubs. The resulting ... Groups functionality remained static between 2000 and 2005. In 2001 Yahoo deleted adult groups from its search directory, making it very difficult to locate Yahoo groups with adult content. A Yahoo .... This has created what some view as an underground atmosphere for Yahoo adult groups. While it is unclear ... of these groups, adult groups on Yahoo have continued to increase. In 2005, a revived ability to generate ... received new features since then. 2006 Yahoo Answers module In 2006 Yahoo Groups introduced an option .... ref http tech.groups.yahoo.com group GroupManagersForum message 19927 Yahoo Groups . Tech.groups.yahoo.com. ... Groups remodel 2010 Groups Remodel of 2010 . Advanced Message Search Also in 2006, Yahoo Groups introduced ... go resourceblog 42874 title ResourceBlog Article Yahoo Groups Adds Advanced Search Options ... also disappeared in Yahoo Groups remodel 2010 Groups Remodel of 2010 2008 On October 2008 Yahoo ... www.ygroupsblog.com blog ?p 90 What s in store for Yahoo Groups ref 2009 Posting from the Owner Address ... more details
In mathematics , a product of group mathematics group s usually refers to a direct product of groups , but may also mean semidirect product product of subgroups wreath product free product mathdab de Produkt von Gruppen ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The respiratory groups are responsible for a part of the control of respiration and can mean Dorsal respiratory group Ventral respiratory group Category Respiratory system Anatomy stub ... more details
Infobox software name Google Groups logo File Google groups logo.png screenshot File Google Groups.png center 200px Google Groups screenshot caption Google Groups screenshot developer Google latest release ... breves 380 Google groups utilise Java Google groups utilise Java ref genre Newsgroup s br electronic mailing lists license website http groups.google.com groups.google.com Google Groups is a service from Google Google Inc. that supports Internet forum discussion groups , including many Usenet newsgroups ... to Google Groups after a February 2001 buyout. Membership in Google Groups is free of charge and many groups are anonymous. Users can find discussion groups related to their interests and participate ... also start new groups. ref cite web url http groups.google.com support bin answer.py?answer 46368 title How do I create my own group? work Google Groups Help Center accessdate 2010 08 10 ref Google Groups also includes an archive of Usenet newsgroup postings dating back to 1981 ref cite web url http ... go? work Google Groups Help Center accessdate 2010 08 10 ref and supports reading and posting to Usenet groups. ref cite web url http groups.google.com support bin answer.py?answer 46854 title What is a Usenet Newsgroup? work Google Groups Help Center accessdate 2010 08 10 ref Users can also set ... support bin answer.py?answer 46387 title Can I use Google Groups to archive another mailing list? work Google Groups Help Center accessdate 2010 08 10 ref History Deja News Image Deja News ... of messages posted to Usenet discussion groups, started in March 1995 by Steve Madere in Austin .... Google Groups By 2001 the search service was shut down. In February 2001, Google acquired Deja ... newsgroups through the new Google Groups interface. By the end of 2001 the archive had been supplemented ... googlegroups archive announce 20.html title 20 Year Archive on Google Groups publisher Google date ..., which allowed users to create their own non Usenet groups. In February 2006, Google modified the interface ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Supporters groups or supporters clubs are independent fan clubs in association football , particularly in English speaking counties. Supporters groups in Europe are generally ... the normal. In English speaking nations, these groups are generally known as supporters groups . Most groups in the United States , Canada , United Kingdom and Australia call themselves supporters groups , however some do self identify as ultras, particularly in communities with large Spanish ... both the term barras and porras are used. Groups in South America, are usually called Barra Brava and Torcida. Supporters groups and ultras are renowned for their fanatical vocal support in large groups, defiance of the authorities and the display of banners at stadiums, which are used to create ... groups are usually based around a core group who tend to have executive control over the whole group , with smaller subgroups organized by location, friendship or political stance. Supporters groups .... Some supporters groups sell their own merchandise such as scarves, hats and jackets. The culture ... of cost or distance loyalty to the stand in which the group is located Supporters groups ... basis, mostly regarding tickets, seat allocations and storage facilities. Some clubs provide the groups ... spectators criticise supporters groups for never sitting during matches ref http www.dispatch.com ... groups choreograph a large overhead display that is displayed just in the section of the stadium ..., etc are called tifo . Supporters groups tend to be highly vocal at matches, with each group having ... groups is to support their own team. Hooligans usually try to be inconspicuous when they travel usually ... groups tend to be more conspicuous when they travel and like to arrive en masse ref http www.soundersfc.com ... a close eye on their movements. Although supporters groups can become violent, the vast majority ... viewed as a family friendly event, and hooliganism among supporters groups is virtually unheard ... more details
Berkovich 2008 p 285 . Isoclinism divides p groups into families, and the smallest members of each family are called stem groups . A group is a stem group if and only if Z G G , G , that is, if and only ... group s, as all Schur cover ing groups of a group are isoclinic, a fact already hinted at by Hall ... p xxiii loc Ch. 6.7 . References Citation last1 Berkovich first1 Yakov title Groups of prime power ... M. Neumann last3 Venkataraman first3 Geetha title Enumeration of finite groups publisher Cambridge University ... Atlas of finite groups publisher Oxford University Press isbn 978 0 19 853199 9 id MathSciNet id ... of prime power groups doi 10.1515 crll.1940.182.130 id MathSciNet id 0003389 year 1940 journal Journal ... on prime power groups url http math.ca cmb v3 p27 id MathSciNet id 0148744 year 1960 journal Canadian ... isbn 978 0 387 10916 9 id MathSciNet id 815926 year 1986 volume 248 DEFAULTSORT Isoclinism Of Groups Category Finite groups ... more details
This page is about the infinite Thompson groups F, T and V. For the sporadic finite simple group Th see Thompson group finite . In mathematics , the Thompson groups also called Thompson s groups , vagabond groups or chameleon groups are three group mathematics groups , commonly denoted F , T and V , which were first studied by the logician Richard Thompson mathematician Richard Thompson in 1965. Of the three, F is the most widely studied, and is sometimes referred to as the Thompson group or Thompson s group . The Thompson groups, and F in particular, have a collection of unusual properties which have made them counterexamples to many general conjectures in group theory. All three Thompson groups are infinite but finitely presented group finitely presented . T and V are rare examples of infinite but finitely presented simple group s. The group F is just non abelian in the sense that it is not abelian group abelian , but all its proper homomorphic images are abelian. F is totally ordered group totally ordered , has growth rate group theory exponential growth , and does not contain a subgroup isomorphic to the free group of rank 2. It is known that F is not elementary amenable . If F is not amenable, then it would be another counterexample to the long standing but recently disproved von Neumann conjecture for finitely presented groups, which suggested that a finitely presented group is amenable if and only if it does not contain a copy of the free group of rank 2. Presentations A finite presentation of F is given by the following expression math langle A,B mid AB 1 ,A 1 BA AB 1 ,A 2 BA 2 mathrm id rangle math where x , y is the usual group theory Commutator Group theory commutator , xyx sup 1 sup y sup 1 sup . Although F has a finite presentation with 2 generators and 2 relations, it is most easily and intuitively described by the infinite presentation math langle x 0, x ... on Richard Thompson s groups url http www.math.binghamton.edu matt thompson cfp.pdf id MR 1426438 ... more details
The Industrial Groups were groups formed by the Australian Labor Party in the late 1940s, to combat Communist Party of Australia Communist Party influence in the trade unions. ref cite journal last Holt first Stephen title Labor s Other Jack Ferguson journal Quadrant magazine Quadrant volume XLVII issue 12 pages date December 2003 url http www.quadrant.org.au php article view.php?article id 542 accessdate 30 August 2010 format archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20070402060021 http www.quadrant.org.au php article view.php?article id 542 archivedate 2 April 2007 ref In 1941 B.A. Santamaria founded the Catholic Social Studies Movement, generally known simply as the Movement . The Movement quickly gained a large influence in the Industrial Groups. Members of these groups were informally called Groupers . Under the influence of the Movement, the Groupers opposed not just the Communist Party, but elements within the Labor Party who they believed were insufficiently opposed to communism. ref http www.sa.org.au 10619.htm ref deadlink date October 2010 Although supportive of the Industrial Groups at first, Labor leader H. V. Evatt Doc Evatt turned against them, causing a Australian Labor Party split of 1955 split in the Labor Party , with many Groupers resigning or being expelled, and the formation of the Australian Labor Party Anti Communist , later to become the Democratic Labor Party 1955 78 Democratic Labor Party . Notes Reflist Category Australian labour movement Category Australian Labor Party ... more details
Nominating groups in Swedish language Swedish Nomineringsgrupper is the name given to political party political parties and other outfits that take part in the elections to the various governing bodies of the Church of Sweden The Church of Sweden adopted, at the time that it was still a state church, an administrative structure largely modelled after the state. Direct elections are held to national Kyrkom tet , Diocese Stift , Community Samf llighet and Parish F rsamling assemblies. The electoral system is the same as used in the parliamentary or municipal elections. In some cases the nationwide political party political parties take part in the church elections, In other cases individual members of political parties form separate associations to launch candidatures in the church elections. In general terms one can say that the former category consist of parties with historical base in the church whereas the latter consist of political tendencies that have historically been more alien to it, either as a result of secularism Left and Greens or being based in the so called Free Churches Liberals and Christian Democrats . A growing phenomena are various non partisan groups putting up candidatures. Establishing a nominating group In order to form a nominating group must apply to have formed and you have to have some support from the voters. The support is confirmed by collecting signatures ... of elections at the national level Church Assembly For nomination groups set up at local or regional ... May election. For nomination groups set up at national level, the application, together with signatures ... level while registered for the elections at the local level. Nominating groups List of nominating groups participating in the 2005 elections Political parties Centre Party Sweden Centre Party Moderata ... Interest Party SPI Seniors Party Sweden Democrats Nominating groups linked to political parties ... linked to the Left Party Other groups El v seurakunta Levande f rsamling Frimodig kyrka GABRIEL Kyrklig ... more details
Taxation Taxpayer groups , also known as taxpayers union , are formal nonprofit or informal advocacy group s that promote lower taxation , reductions in government spending , and limits to government debt . Many United States cities and countries have taxpayer groups. They try to make their presence felt by attending government budget hearings, working with elected officials and distributing their views on taxing and spending. They can even initiate legislation at the state level to keep taxes and spending in check. List of taxpayers unions flag Canada Canadian Taxpayers Federation flag Sweden Swedish Taxpayers Association flag United Kingdom TaxPayers Alliance The TaxPayers Alliance flag United States Americans For Fair Taxation flag United States Americans for Tax Reform flag United States National Taxpayers Union External links http www.worldtaxpayers.org World Taxpayers Associations Category Government finances Category Taxation Category Types of organization ... more details
This is a page that depicts Khalistan i Separatist, Guerrilla, and Paramilitary outfits. class wikitable Name Founder year Actions Babbar Khalsa Talwinder Singh Parmar , Sukhdev Singh Babbar 1979 See List of actions by Babbar Khalsa Khalistan Zindabad Force Ranjit Singh Neeta Bomb blasts on trains and busses in Jammu, killing of DSP Devinder Sharma. Khalistan Commando Force General Labh Singh, 1984 Assassination of Rtd Chief General of Indian army and an architect of Operation Blue Star Arun Vaidya , assassinations of leading culprits of 1984 Anti Sikh riots Congress I Member of Parliament Lalit Maken, Arjan Dass and several other high profile battles with Indian security forces. Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan Baba Gurbachan Singh Manochal, 1984 Major encounter at Rataul village. Khalistan Armed Force aka Dashmesh Regiment Seetal Singh Matewal, 1990 Major encounter at Bolowali village. Babbar Khalsa is listed as a terrorist organisation by the United Kingdom, ref http www.homeoffice.gov.uk security terrorism and the law terrorism act proscribed groups?version 1 Home Office Proscribed terrorist groups in the UK ref the EU, ref http eur lex.europa.eu LexUriServ site en oj 2005 l 144 l 14420050608en00540058.pdf EU list of terrorist groups ref Canada, ref http www.psepc.gc.ca prg ns le cle en.asp bkbki13 Canadian listing of terrorist groups ref India, and the United States. Others with less details All India Sikh Students Federation AISSF Khalistan Liberation Army KLA Khalistan Liberation Front KLF Dashmesh Regiment Khalistan Liberation Organisation KLO Khalistan National Army KNA Kamagata Maru Dal of Khalistan Shaheed Khalsa Force Khalistan Guerilla Force Khalistan Security Force References references Category Sikh politics Category Irregular military ... more details
year 2006 origyear 1984 publisher Dover Publications isbn 978 0486450261 DEFAULTSORT Category Of Groups Category Category theoretic categories Groups Category Group theory es Categor a de grupos nl ... more details
Lunar geo time Basin Groups refers to 9 informal subdivisions of the lunar Pre Nectarian lunar geologic timescale geologic period . Definition The motivation for creating the Basin Groups subdivisions was to place 30 pre Nectarian impact basins into 9 relative age groups. The relative age of the first basin in each group is based on crater densities and superposition relationships, whereas the other basins are included based on weaker grounds. ref name W87 cite book title http ser.sese.asu.edu GHM Geologic History of the Moon last Don Wilhelms publisher U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1348 year 1987 ref Basin Group 1 has no official age for its base, and the boundary between Basin Group 9 and the Nectarian period is defined by the formation of the Nectaris impact basin. The age of the Nectaris basin is somewhat contentious, with the most frequently cited numbers placing it at 3.92 Ga, or more infrequently at 3.85 Ga. ref cite journal last D. St ffler and G. Ryder title Stratigraphy and isotope ages of lunar geologic units chronological standards for the inner solar system year 2001 journal Space Sci. Rev. pages 9 54 volume 96 doi 10.1023 A 1011937020193 first1 D. last2 Ryder first2 G. ref Recently, however, it has been suggested that the Nectaris basin could be, in fact, much older and might have formed at 4.1 Ga. ref cite journal last R. Korotev, J. Gillis, L. Haskin, and B. Jolliff title On the age of the Nectaris basin journal Workshop on Moon Beyond year 2002 pages abstract 3029 ref Basin Groups are not used as a geologic period on any of the United States Geological Survey lunar geologic maps. Basin Groups 1 9 and the earlier informal Cryptic era together make up the totality of the Pre Nectarian period. Timeline Lunar Geological Timescale Relationship to Earth s geologic time scale Since little or no geology geological evidence on Earth exists from the time ... that the Hadean eon is subdivided into the Cryptic era and Basin Groups 1 9 which collectively ... more details
quote box align right width 33 quote In Weyl s wonderful and terrible sup 1 sup book The Classical Groups W one may discern two main themes first, the study of the polynomial invariants for an arbitrary number of contravariant or covariant variables for a standard classical group action second, the isotypic decomposition of the full tensor algebra for such an action. sup 1 sup Most people who know the book feel the material in it is wonderful. Many also feel the presentation is terrible. The author is not among these latter. source harvtxt Howe 1989 loc p.539 In mathematics, The Classical Groups Their Invariants and Representations is a book by harvtxt Weyl 1939 , which describes classical invariant theory in terms of representation theory . It is largely responsible for the revival of interest in invariant theory, which had been almost killed off by Hilbert s solution of its main problems in the 1890s. harvtxt Weyl 1939b gave an informal talk about the topic of his book. Contents Chapter I defines invaraints and other basic ideas and describes the relation to Klein s Erlanger program in geometry. Chapter II describes the invariants of the special and general linear group of a vector space V on the polynomials over a sum of copies of V and its dual. It uses the Capelli identity to find an explicit set of generators for the invariants. Chapter III studies the group ring of a finite group and its decompostion into a sum of matrix algebras. Chapter 4 discusses Schur Weyl duality between representations of the symmetric and general linear groups. Chapters V and VI extend the discussion of invariants of the general linear group in chapter II to the orthogonal group orthogonal and symplectic ... VII describes the Weyl character formula for the characters of representations of the classical groups ... Jacobson title Book Review The Classical Groups url http projecteuclid.org euclid.bams 1183502778 doi ... link Hermann Weyl title The Classical Groups. Their Invariants and Representations url http books.google.com ... more details
Extremist Groups An International Compilation of Terrorism Terrorist Organization s, Violent Political Groups, and Issue Oriented Militant Movements is a reference work reference book compiling information on over 200 groups classified as extremist . Contributing editor Richard H. Ward describes it in the preface ... of Violent Groups at Sam Houston State University . The profile of each group provides when able what ... groups of all political , social , and religious backgrounds. Please note that this page does not offer a definition of extremism the criteria used to judge the listed groups as extremist are those ..., Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Africa n Extremist Groups Angola Front for the Liberation ... Army LRA West Nile Bank Front WNBF East Asia & Pacific Islands the Pacific Extremist Groups ... Front for the Independence of East Timor FRETILIN Europe an Extremist Groups Albania Kosovo ... in Germany Neo Nazi Groups Anti Imperialist Cell AIZ Association for Solidarity Perspectives Germany ... FAP Friends of Freedom for Germany FFD German Action Groups German Alternative DA German Communist ... First October Antifascist Resistance Group GRAPO International Revolutionary Action Groups Iraultza ... East Extremist Groups Algeria Armed Berber Group ABG Armed Islamic Group GIA Salafist Call and Struggle ... IAA North America n Extremist Groups United States Al Fuqra Animal Liberation Front ALF Army of God ... Liberation EZLN South America n Extremist Groups Colombia United Self Defense Forces of Colombia ... Groups Bangladesh Biplobi Communist Party Harakat ul Jihad I Islami Bangladesh HUJI B Islami Okiya ... also Hate groups Other books about extremism include Extremist Groups Opposing Viewpoints 2001 Extremists Groups Opposing Viewpoints Nazis, Communists, Klansmen, and Others on the Fringe Extremism in America External links http www.cjcenter.org book.htm Extremist Groups at the publisher s page. http www.danielpipes.org article 726 Extremist Groups first edition reviewed by Daniel Pipes , in Middle ... more details
Some elementary examples of groups in mathematics are given on Group mathematics . Further examples are listed here. Permutations of a set of three elements Image Group diagram d6.svg thumb Cycle graph group Cycle graph for S sub 3 sub or D sub 6 sub . A loop specifies a series of powers of any element connected to the identity element 1 . For example, the e ba ab loop reflects the fact that ba sup 2 sup ab and ba sup 3 sup e, as well as the fact that ab sup 2 sup ba and ab sup 3 sup e The other ... b and a diagonal reflection c Groups are very important to describe the symmetry of objects, be they geometrical ... description of the square s symmetry. Chemists use symmetry groups of this type to describe the symmetry ... sub 4 sub or D sub 8 sub depending on what notation they use for dihedral groups. This was an example ... group generated by 1234 and 13 . Matrix groups If n is some positive integer, we can consider ... get the special orthogonal group SO n , which consists of rotations only. These groups are our first examples of infinite non abelian groups. They are also happen to be Lie group s. In fact, most of the important Lie groups but not all can be expressed as matrix groups. If this idea is generalised to matrices with complex number s as entries, then we get further useful Lie groups, such as the unitary ..., the idea can be treated purely algebraically with matrices over any field algebra field , but then the groups are not Lie groups. For example, we have the general linear group s over finite field ... abelian group. Free groups are important in algebraic topology the free group in two generators is also ... f x gf x . Therefore so is M S , G . The groups of permutations Let G be the set of bijective ... hence G is a group. S may be either finite, or infinite. Some more finite groups list of small groups List of the 230 crystallographic 3D space groups Category Group theory Category Mathematical examples Groups ... more details
Groups Category American jazz ensembles Category 1960s music groups Category 1970s music groups Category 1980s music groups Category MPS Records artists Category Milestone Records artists Category Pausa ... more details
In the mathematical area of group theory , the covering groups of the alternating and symmetric groups are groups that are used to understand the projective representation s of the alternating group alternating and symmetric group s. The covering groups were classified in Harv Schur 1911 for n 4 the covering groups are 2 fold covers except for the alternating groups of degree 6 and 7 where the covers are 6 fold. For example the binary icosahedral group covers the icosahedral group , an alternating group of degree 5, and the binary tetrahedral group covers the tetrahedral group , an alternating ... of the symmetric and alternating groups were classified in harv Schur 1911 . The symmetric group of degree ... to classify projective representation s of groups. A complex linear representation linear representation ... of G . The projective representations of alternating and symmetric groups are the subject of the book harv Hoffman Humphreys 1992 . Integral homology Covering groups correspond to the second group ... groups A sub n sub in the case where n is at least 4 are the cyclic groups of order 2 ... groups only for n 4 n 6,7 for A sub n sub . For n 3, S sub n sub and A sub n sub are their own ... and spin pin groups . Explicitly, S sub n sub acts on the n dimensional space R sup n sup by permuting ... As there are two pin groups, there are two distinct 2 fold covers of the symmetric group, 2 S sub ... of small classical and exceptional groups, including construction of the Mathieu group M sub 24 sub ... groups of A sub n sub are quasisimple group s for n 5. References reflist refbegin Citation ... groups publisher The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press series Oxford Mathematical ... and alternating groups by fractional linear substitutions doi 10.1023 A 1003772419522 id ... raw fsgs.html chapter Chapter 2 Alternating groups chapterurl http www.maths.qmul.ac.uk raw fsgs files alt.ps postscript , 2.7 Covering groups refend Category Finite groups Category Permutation groups ... more details
Ethnic groups in Korea may refer to Ethnic groups in North Korea Ethnic groups in South Korea disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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