About thesis in the academic sense the American novel The Dissertation other uses Thesis disambiguation ... thesis from 1713 with motif of Ottoman Wars A dissertation or thesis ref Originally, the words dissertation and thesis plural, theses were not interchangeable. When, at ancient universities ... was the thesis, while the dissertation was the line of reasoning with which one buttressed it. Citation ... Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 1986. ref In some countries universities, the word thesis ... degree. The term thesis is also used to refer to the central claim of an essay or similar work. Etymology The word thesis comes from the Greek language Greek polytonic , meaning position ... discourse. Structure and presentation style Structure A typical thesis or dissertation has a title ... normally report on a research project or an extended analysis of a topic. The structure of the thesis ... to follow when preparing a thesis document. In addition to institution specific house styles, there exist ..., and citation style, will be checked page by page by the accepting officer before the thesis is accepted ... on the actual typographic details. Citation needed date December 2009 Thesis committee A thesis ... examination of the thesis see below . The committee is chosen by the student in conjunction ..., the last phase of an academic thesis is called in Spanish a defensa de grado , defensa magistral ... can be approved or rejected by an academic committee consisting of the thesis director, the thesis ... degree is sometimes called a major paper , undergraduate thesis or honours thesis . Major ... committee, although these are rare. A typical undergraduate thesis might be forty pages. Master ... date 2008 10 24 accessdate 2010 11 24 ref France In France , the academic dissertation or thesis ... a m moire . Germany In Germany , an academic thesis is called an Abschlussarbeit for non doctorate ... s thesis is often 40 60 pages long, other theses are usually even longer. The required submission for the doctorate ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Thesis Type Album Artist The Ambassador Cover Ambassador Thesis.jpg Released 2005 Genre Christian Rap Length Label Cross Movement Records Reviews Rapzilla Rating 4.5 5 http www.rapzilla.com rz content view 31 83 link Last album Christology In Laymen s Terms br 1999 This album The Thesis br 2005 The Thesis is the second solo album from Christian rapper The Ambassador Rapper The Ambassador . The Thesis is a lyrical exploration of the concept of God as the initiator and benefactor of the Gospel in song, i.e. Holy Hip Hop. In it, The Ambassador proposes that God is pleased when His people skillfully use Hip Hop to reach the lost by creatively dispensing His Word. He further asserts that Holy Hip Hop is part of God s plan to reach mankind with the Gospel and that it should be used as a tool to do so. Against the backdrop of Hip Hop s cultural significance and theology s critical importance, The Ambassador skillfully proves the validity of Holy Hip Hop as a God given tool of the urban missionary. In The Thesis he summarizes Holy Hip Hop s origins, past, present and future as a mechanism for communicating a biblical worldview and employs all that Hip Hop has to offer from head bangin beats to lyrical mastery. The result is a compelling example of theologically anchored Hip Hop that is an undeniably powerful tool for fulfilling God s cultural mandate. Music video Two videos from the project, My Clothes, My Hair and Get You Open emerged from the project in 2006. They ve been seen on the Gospel Music Channel and are also available on YouTube. Track listing Intro Thesis Pieces Amba ss ador Song For You Feels Good small feat. Da T.R.U.T.H. & S.O.U.L. small Get You Open The Explanation Interlude The Elements Crown Him Oh Wretched Man My Clothes, My Hair small feat. J.R. singer J.R. small Back Home We Worship You The Testimony ... watch?v vqo ntSTGyo&mode related&search My Clothes, My Hair Music Video DEFAULTSORT Thesis, The Category ... more details
wiktionary thesisThesis from Greek , from tithemi, I put can mean Thesis academic document , a formal academic work, also known as a dissertation The thesis statement central argument of a dissertation, essay, or other argumentative work A musical term, part of Arsis and thesis , used to refer to the downbeat or accented part of a measure or declining part of a phrase. Thesis representative body , a German academic organisation Thesis fonts , a font superfamily designed by Lucas de Groot Lancia Thesis , an executive car by Lancia Tesis , a Spanish film TESIS Aviation Enterprise , a cargo airline from Russia disambig de Thesis es Tesis desambiguaci n nl Thesis ja ro Tez ... more details
Weber Thesis can refer to several concepts proposed by Max Weber , among them Rationalization sociology Rationalisation thesis The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism See also Monopoly on violence Secularisation disambig Category Max Weber ... more details
The thesis statement states the thesis or argument of the author in an essay or similar document. Usually no more than a sentence or two long, it is a focused section of text that clearly delineates the argument that is presented in the work and is usually found at the end of the first paragraph of a paper. The thesis statement says what the author or authors are trying to prove in the document. The subject of the thesis statement reflects the topic of the paper and the predicate is usually what the author of the paper is trying to prove. The thesis statement is invaluable when constructing an outline , as it shows what points need to be proven. See also Topic sentence External links http tipsforresearchpapersandessays.blogspot.com 2009 01 how to write thesis statement.html How to Write a Thesis Statement http grammar.ccc.commnet.edu grammar composition thesis.htm Guide to Grammar and Writing Thesis Statement http www.tele.sunyit.edu Thesis statement.html SUNY Developing Research Questions Problem Statements http asaslab.mems.duke.edu guide node5.html Duke University Preliminary Exam Proposal Guide Problem Statement http web.idrc.ca en ev 56596 201 1 DO TOPIC.html International Development Research Center Analysis and Statement of the Problem http www.indiana.edu 7Ewts pamphlets thesis statement.shtml Indiana University Thesis Statements Category Statements Category Essays Category School terminology Category Writing ca Tesi de These es Tesis eo Tezo hy it Tesi nl These no Tese ro Tez retoric ru uk ... more details
The Thesis of Pulacayo Tesis de Pulacayo was an important document in the Bolivia Bolivian and Latin American labor movement . It was adopted at the request of the delegation of Llallaguaga in the Congreso de la Federaci n Sindical de Trabajadores Mineros de Bolivia FSTMB , which met in November 1946 in the city of Pulacayo . The thesis is based on the Trotskyite conception of permanent revolution and on the Transitional Program of the Fourth International . External links http www.pt.org.uy textos temas pulacayo.htm Text of the Thesis of Pulacayo Category History of Bolivia Category Trotskyism es Tesis de Pulacayo ... more details
Incompatibility thesis in is an argument in research methodology about incompatibility of quantitative research and qualitative research paradigm s in the same research. This thesis is based on philosophies of post structuralism and post modernism among others . Arguments from those philosophies support exclusive superiority of one orientation usually, the qualitative one are oppose mixing it with quantitative research as is advocated by the proponents of mixed method research who support the compatibility thesis . References Onwuegbuzie, Anthony and Nancy Leech. 2005. Taking the Q Out of Research Teaching Research Methodology Courses Without the Divide Between Quantitative and Qualitative Paradigms. Quality and Quantity 39 267 296. Uncategorized date January 2011 science stub ... more details
primary sources date March 2011 A thesis circle involves a number of students and at least one professor , lecturer or instructor who collaborate in supervising and coaching final undergraduate or MSc projects. This tool for supervising students working on their thesis, also known as thesis rings , was developed and pioneered by Georges Romme en colleagues in the 1990s at Maastricht University . ref Romme, A.G.L. and J. Nijhuis, Samenwerkend Leren in Afstudeerkringen , Groningen Wolters Noordhoff, 2000. ref Overview Participants in a thesis circle meet regularly to discuss the progress of work on mostly individual final projects. Students are in charge of planning and chairing the sessions as well as managing and distributing information e.g. draft chapters . The professor brings his her disciplinary expertise and knowledge into the meetings of the thesis circle. An important characteristic of thesis circles is the principle of switching roles students participating in thesis circles frequently switch between their role as writer of a thesis final project and their role as co supervisor of the other students in the circle. ref Romme, A.G.L., Redistributing power in the classroom the missing link in problem based learning. In J. Hommes, P.K. Keizer, M. Pettigrew & J. Troy eds. , Learning in a Changing Environment , p. 109 126. Dordrecht London Boston Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999 ... in doing a final project Romme & Nijhuis, 2000 . In an educational sense, thesis circles are a particular ... Romme, 1999 2003 as well as Vygotsky s theory of the zone of proximal development . Thesis circles ... of the students involved Rompa & Romme, 2001 Romme, 2003 . For example, a former participant in a thesis circle at Tilburg University observed that the concept of a master thesis circle is an excellent ... . Thesis circles have been set up, for example, in Maastricht University , University of Tilburg ... Learning in Thesis Rings Romme, A.G.L., Redistributing power in the classroom the missing ... more details
In the anthropology of agriculture, the Goldschmidt Thesis is the thesis by Walter Goldschmidt that farm scale and other management characteristics e.g., wage labor are associated with certain community characteristics. Goldschmidt was a California anthropologist who conducted pioneering rural community research under USDA s Bureau of Agricultural Economics on two California farming communities Arvin and Dinuba . His 1944 research showed that largescale, especially industrial, farm structures in one community were associated with adverse community conditions. Smaller scale, owner operated farms in the other community, were associated with more vibrant, diverse economies and with higher standards of living. A large body of research has accumulated testing the Goldschmidt Thesis. However, the validity of the thesis that farm structural characteristics dominating an area can produce certain rural community characteristics remains ambiguous. Research results supporting the thesis and other conclusions casting doubt on it have characterized the debate for over 50 years. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach Cite book last1 Goldschmidt first1 Walter R. year 1947 title As You Sow Three Studies in the Social Consequences of Agribusiness location Montclair, N.J publisher Allanheld, Osmun and Co. Publishers, Inc. Category United States Department of Agriculture Category Agriculture ... more details
In music and meter poetry prosody , arsis and thesis refer to the stronger and weaker parts of a musical bar music measure or poetic foot prosody foot . Arsis and thesis were the raising and lowering of the foot in beating of time, or the raising and lowering of the voice in pitch accent pitch or stress linguistics stress . Accordingly, in music and in Greek scansion arsis is an unaccented note beat music Upbeat upbeat , ref MerriamWebsterDictionary arsis ref but in Latin and modern poetry it is the stressed syllable systems of scansion Ictus and breve ictus . ref OED arsis ref Latin and English poetry In Latin and Greek dactylic hexameter , the strong part of a foot is the first syllable always syllable weight Classical poetry long and the weak part is what comes after two short syllables dactyl poetry dactyl long short short or one long syllable spondee long long . Because Classical antiquity Classical poetry was not based on stress, the arsis is often not stressed only consistent length distinguishes it. Arma virumque can , Troiae qu pr mus ab r s... br Of arms and a man I sing, who first from the shores of Troy... Aeneid 1.1 class wikitable style margin left 1em Ar ma vi rum que ca n Troi ae qu pr mus ab r s style font size 0.8em arsis thesis arsis thesis arsis thesis arsis thesis arsis thesis arsis thesis In English, poetry is based on stress, and therefore arsis and thesis refer to the accented and unaccented parts of a foot. Etymology Ancient Greek rsis lifting, removal, raising of foot in beating of time , ref LSJ a rsis ref ref from a r or ae r I lift . ref LSJ a ei rw shortref ref The i in a r is a form of the Ancient Greek verbs Present tense present tense suffix y , which switched places with the r by metathesis linguistics metathesis . Ancient Greek th sis setting, placing, composition , ref LSJ qe sis shortref ref from t th mi from Proto Indo European root root , the th , with reduplication ... more details
The Metropolitan Thesis , also known as the Laurentian thesis, is one of the dominant schools in Canadian History Canadian historical thought . The basic argument of the school states that the driving force in Canadian History has been the nation s metropolitan area metropolitan areas . These originally included Paris , London after 1763 , and finally Montreal and Toronto in the modern era. Intellectual origins The roots of the metropolitan thesis are found in the writing of Harold Innis , one of Canada s most respected historian historians . Innis The Fur Trade in Canada ref Innis, Harold 1927 . The Fur Trade in Canada. Toronto University of Toronto Press. ref , as well as his work on the Canadian Pacific Railway ref Innis, Harold 1923 . A History of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Toronto McClelland and Stewart ref , put forward the idea that geography, commerce, and resource exploitation were the driving forces of Canadian history. The urban centres of Montreal and Toronto provided the impetus for the growth and formation of the Canadian nation. After Innis, Donald Creighton in his The Empire of the St. Lawrence ref Creighton, Donald 1956 . The Empire of the St. Lawrence. Toronto Macmillan. ref argued that the massive waterway of the St. Lawrence River and its connections across the continent became the basis of an extensive communication system around which Canada itself took shape. ref Careless, J. M. S March 1964 Frontierism, Metropolitanism, and Canadian History The Canadian Historical Review 35 No 1 pp. 14 ref The common trend in the historical roots of the metropolitan thesis is its opposition to the Frontier Thesis put forth by Frederick Jackson Turner to explain the forces behind American History . The Metropolitan Thesis The first articulation of the metropolitan thesis occurred in 1954, with an article in the Canadian Historical Review by historian J. M. S. Careless entitled Frontierism, Metropolitanism, and Canadian History . Careless argues that the developing ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Thesis Type Album Artist Jimmy Giuffre Cover JimmyGiuffre3ThesisCover.jpg Released 1961 Recorded August 7 8, 1961 Genre Jazz Length 34 31 Label Verve Records Verve Producer Creed Taylor Reviews Allmusic Rating 4 5 Allmusic class album id r139462 pure url yes link Last album Fusion album br 1961 This album Thesis br 1961 Next album Emphasis, Stuttgart 1961 br 1961 Thesis is a 1961 album by the Jimmy Giuffre 3. Track listing Ictus Carla Bley That s True, That s True Giuffre Sonic Giuffre Whirrrr Giuffre Carla Paul Bley Goodbye Gordon Jenkins Flight Giuffre The Gamut Giuffre Additional tracks on 1990 ECM record label ECM reissue Me Too Temporarily Herb & Ictus Personnel Jimmy Giuffre clarinet Paul Bley piano Steve Swallow bass Category 1961 albums Category Jimmy Giuffre albums Category Albums produced by Creed Taylor Category Verve Records albums 1960s jazz album stub ... more details
Infobox Automobile image Image Lancia Thesis Kappa 20071211.jpg 250px Lancia Thesis name Lancia Thesis manufacturer Lancia parent company Fiat Group production 2002 2009. ref name www.italiaspeed.com 2009 predecessor Lancia Kappa successor Chrysler 300 Lancia Thema class Executive car assembly Rivalta di Torino Rivalta plant, Turin , Italy 2001 2002 br Mirafiori plant, Turin , Italy layout FF layout ... usgal impgal 0 abbr on body style 4 door sedan car sedan designer Mike Vernon Robinson The Lancia Thesis .... ref CAR magazine, February 2002 30 ref Lancia invested heavily in the Thesis and, unlike the predecessor the Kappa which shared a platform with the Alfa Romeo 166, the Thesis was designed with its .... This is a tight ship. ref CAR magazine, February 2002 30 ref . The Thesis ride is just terrific ... summed up the Thesis as being far more accurate and even agile than it has any right to be. ref CAR magazine, February 2002 30 ref CAR s view was that the Thesis was a dignified expression of Lancia ..., February 2002 30 ref The Thesis is equipped with 6 speed manual or 5 speed automatic Comfortronic ... generation Chrysler 300 , will replace the recently discontinued Thesis. ref name www.italiaspeed.com ... on Lancia Thesis Stola S85 Image Lancia Thesis Stretch vr EBV.jpg left 200px thumb Stola S85 At the 2004 ... car 1949 Lancia Thesis Stola S85.html title Lancia Thesis Stola S85 accessdate 2007 12 ... External links http www.lanciathesis.com Lancia Thesis Site http www.lancisti.net Lancisti.net ... timeline Category Lancia vehicles Thesis Category Executive cars Category Sedans Category 2000s automobiles Category Vehicles introduced in 2001 da Lancia Thesis de Lancia Thesis el Lancia Thesis es Lancia Thesis fa fr Lancia Thesis hr Lancia Thesis it Lancia Thesis nl Lancia Thesis ja pl Lancia Thesis pt Lancia Thesis simple Lancia Thesis sl Lancia Thesis fi Lancia Thesis sv Lancia Thesis ... more details
The Siri Thesis is the belief that Giuseppe Siri Giuseppe Cardinal Siri , the long serving and Conservatism conservative Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa Archbishop of Genoa , was actually elected Pope in the Papal conclave, 1958 1958 papal conclave , but that his election was then suppressed. ref http www.realnews247.com giuffre on oct 26 1958.htm Comments on the Eclipse of the Church and October 26, 1958 ref By 2006, the Siri Thesis was believed to be held by hundreds, perhaps thousands of people, mostly in Traditionalist Catholic circles. ref name inside cite web url http www.insidethevatican.com articles siri thesis.htm title The Siri Thesis Unravels author Inside the Vatican staff publisher Inside the Vatican year 2006 month February accessdate 2007 02 21 ref Reasons and basis for belief The followers of the Siri Thesis claim that during the papal conclave of 1958, Cardinal Siri the last Cardinal made by Pope Pius XII , who was considered the leading conservative candidate, was elected ... Roncalli emerged. Supporters of the Siri Thesis believe that evidence indicates that Giuseppe Cardinal .... Supporters of the Siri Thesis believe that dire threats against the Cardinals and the Vatican ... , adherents of the thesis, who are also known as Sirianists to adversaries of the Thesis ... who accept the Siri Thesis, believe that Giuseppe Siri was the Pope in Exile long prophesied ... Thesis, rejected the belief and asserted it was based largely on a mistranslation of an Italian newspaper ... the war is now no 66.html Gary Giuffre & The Siri Thesis by Hutton Gibson, The War is Now 66, January ... in the article. ref name inside External links Promoting the Siri Thesis http www.October1958.com ... http www.thepopeinred.com The Pope In Red Against the Siri Thesis http www.insidethevatican.com articles siri thesis.htm The Siri Thesis Unravels a disputed rebuttal of the Siri Thesis http web.archive.org ... & The Siri Thesis by Hutton Gibson, The War is Now 66, January 2006 See also Sedevacantism Catholic ... more details
The Habakkuk thesis also referred to as Rothbarth Habakkuk thesis is the idea that high wages combined with scarce labour resources brought about technical improvements in the United States in the 19th century. It is named after John Habakkuk and E Rothbarth . ref Carville, Earle and Hoffman, Ronald 1980 The Foundation of the Modern Economy Agriculture and the Costs of Labor in the United States and England, 1800 60 The American Historical Review, December, 85 5 1055 1094. ref ref Leunig, Timothy 2003 A British industrial success productivity in the Lancashire and New England cotton spinning industries a century ago, The Economic History Review, Volume 56, Issue 1, pages 90 117, February ref Modern Applications Robert C. Allen has argues that high wages and cheap energy are key to understanding the British Industrial Revolution . ref http www.amazon.com Industrial Revolution Perspective Approaches Economic dp 0521687853 Robert C. Allen, The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective New Approaches to Economic and Social History ISBN 9780521687850 ref Roger Cohen gives an example of directed technological change from Denmark ref http www.nytimes.com 2011 03 11 opinion 11iht edcohen11.html Roger Cohen in the NY Times, retrieved 2011 03 11 ref . Sources Habakkuk, H. J., American and British technology in the nineteenth century Cambridge, 1962 Rothbarth, E., Causes of the superior efficiency of USA industry as compared with British industry , Econ. J., 56 1946 , pp. 383 90. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Habakkuk Thesis Category Economic development Economics stub ... more details
Sociology The Merton Thesis is an argument about the nature of early experimental science proposed by Robert K. Merton . Similar to Max Weber s The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism famous claim on the link between Protestant ethic and the capitalist economy , Merton argued for a similar positive correlation between the rise of Protestant pietism and early experimental science. ref name sztompka2003 Sztompka, 2003 ref The Merton Thesis has resulted in continuous debates. ref name cohen1990 Cohen, 1990 ref Although scholars are still debating it, Merton s 1938 doctoral dissertation Science, Technology and Society in 17th Century England raised important issues on the connections between religion and the rise of modern science, became a significant work in the realm of the sociology of science and continues to be cited in new scholarship. ref http www.columbia.edu cu record archives vol20 vol20 iss2 record2002.13.html Merton Awarded Nation s Highest Science Honor Bot generated title ref Merton further developed this thesis in other publications. Thesis The Merton Thesis has two separate parts firstly, it presents a theory that science changes due to an accumulation of observations and improvement in experimental technique and methodology secondly, it puts forward the argument that the popularity of science in England in 17th century, and the religious demography of the Royal ... The first part of his thesis has been criticized for insufficient consideration of the roles ... to occur. ref name sztompka2003 While the Merton thesis doesn t explain all the causes of the scientific ... of English scientific community. ref name cohen1994 Cohen, 1994 ref Quotes It is the thesis ... 104974,1 The merton thesis Oetinger and German Pietism, a significant negative case , Sociological ... of Modern Science the Merton Thesis , Ruthers University Press, ISBN 0 8135 1530 0 H. Floris ... 3C594 3AUTMT 3E2.0.CO 3B2 3 Understanding the Merton Thesis , Isis, Vol. 79, No. 4 Dec., 1988 , pp ... more details
Thesis is a large typeface family designed by Lucas de Groot . The typeface s were designed between 1994 and 1999 to provide a modern humanist corporate font. Each typeface is available in a variety of weights as well as in italic type italic . Thesis fonts have become popular and can be seen in various publications or logotypes. The range of weights are designed using de Groot s interpolation theory . The optical interpolation b , in the three stems a thinnest , b interpolation and c thickest , is set to the geometric mean of a and c , i.e. b ac as opposed to the linear arithmetic mean . TheSerif It is a slab serif font family. It included fonts in 8 weights and 1 width, with complementary italic fonts. TheMix It is a slab serif font family, but using only serif on upper portion of small letters. It included fonts in 8 weights and 1 width, with complementary italic fonts. TheMixMono It is a monospaced variant. Each weight only includes roman and italic. All fonts use hanging monospaced figures. TheMix Arabic It is a variant designed by Lucas de Groot, Arab calligrapher and designer Mouneer Al Shaarani, and with technical support from Pascal Zoghbi. Lucas designed the Bold version of the type, while Pascal finalized the Bold design by modifying some glyphs, spacing and encoding scripting the font, and later developed TheMix Arabic Regular. The font was included in the Typographic Matchmaking Project organized by the Khatt Foundation. TheAntiqua It is a variant based on TheSerif. It included fonts in 7 weights and 1 width, with complementary italic fonts. OpenType feature includes small caps roman only . TheAntiqua won 1999 Type Directors Club type competition. Collections ... in each weight. It includes hanging monospaced figures. Uses of Thesis fonts AOL various services ... 2004. ISBN 90 6540 460 1. External links http www.lucasfonts.com fonts thesis family Thesis super family ... de Thesis Schriftart nl Thesis lettertype ... more details
The staples thesis is a theory of Canada Canadian economic development and Katya Reily. It was first proposed by W.A. Mackintosh and later expanded by Harold Innis in the 1920s and 1930s. During the 1990s, it was revived by Daniel Drache through his work on resource capitalism and Canadian political economy. Innis argued that Canada developed as it did because of the nature of its staple commodities raw materials, such as fish, fur, lumber, agricultural products and minerals, that were exported to Europe . This trading link cemented Canada s cultural links to Europe. The search for and exploitation of these staples led to the creation of institutions that defined the political culture of the nation and its regions. Innis argues that different staples led to the emergence of regional economies and societies within Canada. For instance, the staple commodity in Atlantic Canada was cod . This industry was very decentralized, but also very co operative. In western Canada the central staple was wheat . Wheat farming was a very independent venture, which led to a history of distrust of government and corporations in that part of the country. Also important, however, were the shocks caused by volatility in the market for wheat and by the weather itself on the growing season. In Central Canada , the main staple was fur , and the fur trade dominated the economy for many years. This fur trade was controlled by large firms, such as the Hudson s Bay Company and thus produced the much more centralized, business oriented society that today characterizes Montreal and Toronto . Innis depicted the relationship between regions of Canada as one of heartland to hinterland Core periphery The periphery , or hinterland, is dominated by the core, or heartland. Because the heartland was dependent ... for trade and thus essentially British for so much of its history. While the staples thesis originally ... nations that are dependent upon resource extraction and primary industries. The staples thesis ... more details
The Zilsel thesis in the history of science history and philosophy of science philosophy of science proposes an explanation for why modern science emerged in the early 17th century in Western Europe and not in other places or eras. Edgar Zilsel claims that science only emerged when capitalism emerged in Western Society because The whole process was imbedded in the advance of early capitalistic society, which weakened collective mindedness, magical thinking, and belief in authority and which furthered causal rational and quantitative thinking. Zilsel 2003, 7 This created an environment in which two previously separated social groups could come into contact. These were the academically trained rational thinkers who were always members of the upper classes and what Zilsel calls superior craftsmen . The academics possessed methodical intellectual training but not practical skills while the craftsmen were skilled in experimentation and causal research but lacked the methodical rational approach acquired from study of the classics. Zilsel supports his argument with a case study of William Gilbert astronomer William Gilbert who, in 1600 and five years before Francis Bacon s http www.gutenberg.org etext 5500 The Advancement of Learning , published the first printed book on magnetism written by an academically trained scholar based almost entirely on actual observation and experiment. Gilbert rejected authority when it differed from observation and rejected superstitious explanations for physical phenomena. Zilsel details the way in which Gilbert drew on the work of Robert Norman, a navigator and Compasssmith compass maker . Zilsel also claims that the Renaissance artist engineers and their like used quantitative rules of thumb that are the forerunners of the physical List of laws ... thesis on the rise of science. References Zilsel, Edgar. 2003. The social origins of modern science .... Dordrecht, Netherlands Kluwer Academic Publishers. Category Philosophy of science Zilsel Thesis ... more details
heliocentric science. The conflict thesis proposes an intrinsic intellectual conflict between religion ... epistemological opposition to science. Also denominated as the Draper White Thesis , the Warfare Thesis , and the Warfare Model , the conflict thesis interprets the relationship between religion ... ideas as in the Galileo affair Galileo Affair 1614 15 . The historical conflict thesis was a popular ... Johns Hopkins University Press isbn 0 8018 7038 0 quote The conflict thesis, at least in its simple ... thesis has been largely discredited. ref Despite that, the conflict thesis remains a popular ... 0 8018 7038 0 quote ... while John Brooke s view of a complexity thesis rather than an historical conflict thesis has gained widespread acceptance among professional historians of science, the traditional ... Atheism New Atheist movement. The historical conflict thesis The scientist John William Draper and the intellectual Andrew Dickson White were the most influential exponents of the Conflict Thesis ... s preface summarises the conflict thesis quotation The history of Science is not a mere record of isolated ... the 20th century, historians acceptance of the Conflict Thesis declined until rejected in the 1970s ... thesis, two other books on the nineteenth century that were published in the 1970s hastened ..., most of the scholarship supporting the Conflict Thesis is considered inaccurate. Biologist ... Thesis, Colin A. Russell Colin Russell said that Draper takes such liberty with history, perpetuating ... regarded the Draper White thesis as oversimplifying and distorting a complex relationship, in the late ... , was first propagated when the conflict thesis originated. ref name flat Jeffrey Russell. Inventing ... Antireligion Antitheism Apologetics Boundary work Continuity thesis Empiricism Epistemology multicol ... the thesis that Puritanism contributed to the rise of science. Westfall, Richard S. Science and Religion ... Pr., 1973. ISBN 0 472 06190 9 DEFAULTSORT Conflict Thesis Category Historiography of science ... more details
The KK thesis or KK principle is a principle of epistemic logic which states that If you Knowledge know that p is the case then you know that you know that p is the case. ref cite book last Bunnin first Nicholas coauthors Yu, Jiyuan title The Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy publisher Blackwell Publishing Limited date 2004 pages 776 isbn 978 1405106795 ref In formal notation the principle can be stated as Kp KKp literally Knowing p implies the knowing of knowing p . The KK thesis holds that in order to know something, you must at the same time know that you know it. ref cite book last Carruthers first Peter title Human Knowledge and Human Nature A New Introduction to an Ancient Debate publisher Oxford University Press, USA date 1992 pages 208 isbn 978 0198751021 ref Another Formulation decision analysis formulation of the same theory is if one knows that p, then one knows that one knows p . There are also more sophisticated versions such as if one knows that p, then one is in a position to know that one knows it ref http www.iep.utm.edu k kk princ.htm The KK Knowing that one Knows Principle Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy . Dead link date October 2009 ref Some philosophers are interested in the KK principle because it helps to determine whether epistemic logic is a branch of modal logic . It is also relevant to the internalism externalism debate. Notes and references Reflist references Citation title The KK Knowing that one Knows Principle editor last David Hemp editor link David Hemp publisher IEP year 2008 , available at http www.iep.utm.edu kk princ the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy . See also Self reference Circular argument Certainty philo stub Category Modal logic Category Principles Category Concepts in epistemology Category Arguments in philosophy of mind ... more details
Marxism In Marxist theory , the immiseration thesis also referred to as emiseration thesis refers to the view that the nature of capitalism capitalist production logically requires an ever greater reduction in real wage s and worsening of working conditions for the proletariat . Marx Concerning the evolution of the worker s living conditions, Karl Marx Marx argued that quotation Within the capitalist system all methods for raising the social productivity of labour are put into effect at the cost of the individual worker ... All means for the development of production undergo a dialectic al inversion so that they become a means of domination and Rate of exploitation exploitation of the producers they distort the worker into a fragment of a man, they degrade him to the level of an appendage of a machine, they destroy the actual content of his labour by turning it into a torment, they Marx s theory of alienation alienate from him the intellectual potentialities of the labour process ... , they transform his life into working time, and his wife and child beneath the wheels of the juggernaut of capital. But all methods of the production of Surplus value surplus value are at the same time methods of Capital accumulation accumulation , and every extension of accumulation becomes, conversely, a means for the development of these methods. It follows therefore that in proportion as capital accumulates, the situation of the worker, be his payment high or low, must grow worse . Karl Marx, Das Kapital Das Kapital Kritik der politischen konomie , 1867. ref Cf. Marx, Karl 2007 Capital A Critique of Political Economy The Process of Capitalist Production . Volume I, part 2. Cosimo Inc., pp. 708 709 ref The fact that Marx subscribed to such an immiseration thesis even though he never used ..., such as Lenin , seem to have been motivated by the fear that the immiseration thesis was not true ... The immiseration thesis was equally questioned by contemporary theorists, notably by early members ... more details
The Frontier Thesis is the argument advanced by historian Frederick Jackson Turner in 1893 that the origin of the distinctive egalitarian, democratic, aggressive, and innovative features of the American character has been the American frontier experience. He stressed the process the moving frontier line and the impact it had on pioneers going through the process. In the thesis, the frontier created freedom, by breaking the bonds of custom, offering new experiences, and calling out new institutions and activities. Turner first announced his thesis in a paper entitled The Significance of the Frontier in American History , delivered to the American Historical Association in 1893 at the World s Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Evolution Turner set up an evolutionary model he had studied evolution with a leading geologist , using the time dimension of American history, and the geographical space of the land that became the United States. The first settlers who arrived on the east coast in the 17th century acted and thought like Europeans. They encountered environmental challenges that were different from those they had known in Europe. Most important was the presence of uncultivated arable land. They adapted to the new environment in certain ways &mdash the cumulative effect of these adaptations was Americanization. According to Turner, the forging of the unique and rugged American identity had to occur precisely at the juncture between the civilization of settlement and the savagery of wilderness. The dynamic of these oppositional conditions engendered a process by which citizens .... In broad terms, the further west, the more American the community. Impact Turner s thesis quickly ..., some critics on the left saw the Turner thesis as the impetus for a new wave in the American ... scholarship on minorities, especially Native Americans and Hispanics, disparaged the frontier thesis ...,. The Frontier Thesis Valid Interpretation of American History? 1966 the major attacks and defenses ... more details
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