Otheruses Bottleneck disambiguation A bottleneck is a phenomenon where the performance or capacity of an entire system is limited by a single or limited number of components or resources. The term bottleneck ... is limited by the width of the conduit of exit that is, bottleneck. By increasing the width of the bottleneck one can increase the rate at which the water flows out of the neck at different frequencies. Such limiting components of a system are sometimes referred to as bottleneck points . Project management A bottleneck in project management is one process in a chain of processes, such that its ... the bottleneck element towards the end of the process, inducing the better and faster machines to always ... be heeded as a deleterious and significant overall drawback on the process. Management Bottleneck ... Business Unit Function versus Function Inside versus Outside Partners Engineering In engineering , a bottleneck ... by a single component. Formally, a bottleneck lies on a system s critical path and provides the lowest ... processor , a communication link , a data processing software , etc. Traffic main Traffic bottleneck ... to travel through one lane, causing a bottleneck and a major traffic jam. Image Knelpunt.jpg thumb Bottleneck in traffic caused by a road construction Metaphor ically a bottleneck is a section of a route ..., a bottleneck link for a given data flow is a link that is fully utilized is saturated ... is substantially different from a common meaning of a bottleneck . Also note, that this definition does not forbid a single link to be a bottleneck for multiple flows. A data rate allocation is max min fair if and only if a data flow between any two nodes has at least one bottleneck link. Population genetics Image Population bottleneck.svg thumb right Population bottleneck and recovery or extinction In population genetics , a population bottleneck occurs when the effective population .... The immediate effect of a population bottleneck is to decrease genetic diversity, promoting the effects ... more details
Wiktionarypar bottleneckBottleneck literally refers to the top narrow part of a bottle . Other than the narrow part of a bottle bottleneck may also refer to Bottleneck , a phenomenon where the capacity of an entire system is limited by lowest capacity part of such system Free State Bottleneck , a quasi state that existed in Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic Population bottleneck , an evolutionary event that drastically reduces a population Slide guitar , also known as a Bottleneck guitar The Bottleneck K2 , a mountaineering feature near the top of K2 mountain Von Neumann bottleneck , described within Von Neumann architecture as a limit of throughput between a computer s processor and its memory Bottle neck rifle cartridge , where the cartridge body narrows at the neck, providing a shoulder that may be used for Headspace firearms headspacing disambig de Flaschenhals es Cuello de botella eu Botila lepo argipena fr Goulot d tranglement homonymie ko it Collo di bottiglia nl Bottleneck ru zh ... more details
File K2 above Bottleneck.jpg thumb High on K2 Seracs above the Bottleneck The Bottleneck is a location along the South East Spur, known also as Abruzzi Spur the most used route to the top of K2 , the second highest mountain of the world in the Karakoram on the Pakistan China border. The Bottleneck is a narrow couloir , which is overhung by serac s from the ice field east of the summit. The couloir is located only 400m below the summit, and climbers have to traverse about 100m exposed to the seracs to pass it. Due to the height 8200m and the steepness 50 60 degrees this stretch is the most dangerous part of the route and has claimed at least 11 fatalities ref http www.k2climb.net expguide route.htm K2climb.net, The climb from the Pakistan side ref . Despite all the dangers, the Bottleneck is still technically the easiest and the fastest route to the summit. Most climbers choose to use it to minimize time required to spend above 8,000 meters the death zone . The standard route, the Abruzzi SE Ridge, as well as the Cesen route SSE Ridge, which joins SE Ridge , and the American variety on the NE Ridge traverse across E Face to SE Ridge , all attain the summit via the Bottleneck. The climbers approaching the bottleneck start from a shoulder , an almost level ground just below 8,000 meters, where typically the highest camp is located. The bottom end of the couloir drops to the south face ... to pass the Bottleneck by rock climbing the cliffs on the left. Unfortunately their technical difficulty ... Dawa Lama Sherpa in 1939. Skiing the Bottleneck On August 4, 2009, Dave Watson became the first person in history to ski down the Bottleneck. ref http www.k2tracks.com k2 ski expedition 2009 ... of a line of climbers in the Bottleneck. The picture was taken August 1, 2008 by Nicholas Rice ... 16&id tipologia 43 Bottleneck &ndash The Bottleneck from below. Photo by Renato Sottsass. http classic.mountainzone.com photo viesturs graphics k2 edandscott.html Mountain Zone &ndash Ed Viesturs in the Bottleneck ... more details
Image Bottleneck.svg Right thumb Bottleneck caused by construction. A traffic bottleneck is a localized disruption of vehicular traffic on a street, road or highway. As opposed to a traffic jam , a bottleneck is a result of a specific, often temporary, physical condition. Causes Traffic bottlenecks can be caused by a wide variety of things. A construction zone, where one or more existing lanes may become unavailable, is pictured on the right. An accident site can also temporarily close lanes. Even in the absence of construction, a highway permanently narrowing by a lane or more can be a bottleneck because the capacity falls. Bottlenecks are also caused by terrain, such as uphill sections or very sharp curves. A poorly timed traffic signal traffic light is another example. Slow vehicles also disrupt traffic flow upstream. This is known as a Moving bottleneck moving bottleneck . Furthermore, bottlenecks can be psychological in nature. Vehicles safely pulled to the shoulder by a police car, for example, often induce passing drivers to slow down to get a better look at the situation. See rubbernecking . Graphical & theoretical representation Traffic flow theory can be used to model and represent bottlenecks. Stationary bottleneck Image Wikipedia TrafficBottlenecks regular.svg right Consider a stretch of highway with two lanes in one direction. Suppose that the fundamental diagram is modeled ... regular tsd.svg right Using a time space diagram, we may model the bottleneck event. Suppose ... diagram. Downstream of the bottleneck, vehicles transition to state D , where they again travel ... horizontal and vertical measurements within the region of state D. Moving bottleneck Image Tractor OnTheRoad01.jpg thumb A slow tractor creates a moving bottleneck. For this example, consider three ... because fewer vehicles get around the bottleneck. Image Wikipedia TrafficBottlenecks moving1.svg ... Bottleneck Category Road transport Category Road traffic management fr Goulot d tranglement route ... more details
Update date March 2011 The interconnect bottleneck , the point at which integrated circuit s ICs reach their capacity, is expected sometime around 2010. ref http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2006 04 060417124542.htm Quantum Paint on Laser Could Rescue Computer Chip Industry ref Improved performance of computer systems has been achieved, in large part, by downscaling the IC minimum feature size. This allows the basic IC building block, the transistor , to operate at a higher frequency, performing more computations per second. However, downscaling of the minimum feature size also results in tighter packing of the wires on a microprocessor , which increases parasitic capacitance and signal propagation delay. Consequently, the delay due to the communication between the parts of a chip becomes comparable to the computation delay itself. This phenomenon, known as an interconnect bottleneck , is becoming a major problem in high performance computer systems. ref http www.ece.rochester.edu weiss SMW 20papers MH SPIE2004.pdf Dynamically tunable 1D and 2D photonic bandgap structures for optical interconnect applications ref This problem of interconnect bottleneck can be solved by utilizing optical interconnects to replace the long metallic interconnects. ref name iptronics cite news url http www.iptronics.com 36209 Optical 20interconnects.html title Parallel Optical Interconnects last Bek first Jesper date 2008 06 09 publisher IPtronics accessdate 2010 04 09 ref Such hybrid optical electronic interconnects promises better performance even with larger designs. Optics has widespread use in long distance communications still it has not yet been widely used in chip to chip or on chip interconnections because they in centimeter or micrometer range are not yet industry manufacturable owing to costlier technology and lack of fully mature technologies. As optical interconnections move from ... access memory Memory wall References references DEFAULTSORT Interconnect Bottleneck Category Digital ... more details
info show.asp?bh 73 accessdate March 13, 2011 ref A slightly different sort of genetic bottleneck ... that a bottleneck of the human population occurred c. 70,000 years ago, proposing that the human ... not, in itself, indicate a population bottleneck, because mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome DNA are only ... a transplanting model or a long bottleneck to account for the limited genetic variation, rather than ... bottleneck is that of the Northern Elephant Seal s, whose population fell to about 30 in the 1890s ... info10.htm HowStuffWorks The Endangered Cheetah ref thus suggesting an extreme population bottleneck ... in 2002, the genome of the Giant Panda shows evidence of a severe bottleneck that took place ... Monkey , that also suffered from a bottleneck around this time scale. Sometimes further deductions can be inferred from an observed population bottleneck. Among the Gal pagos Islands Gal pagos tortoise giant tortoises , themselves a prime example of a bottleneck, the comparatively large population ... on the same island. Researchers DNA analysis dates the bottleneck around 88,000 years before present ... cultivated went through a severe population bottleneck. In evolutionary theory See Evolutionary ... May 1, 2005 pmc 1449701 popgen Population DEFAULTSORT Population Bottleneck Category Population genetics ... more details
Infobox Hollywood cartoon cartoon name Baby Bottleneck series Looney Tunes Daffy Duck Porky Pig director Robert Clampett story artist Warren Foster animator Rod Scribner br Manny Gould br Bill Melendez br I. Ellis layout artist Thomas McKimson background artist Dorcy Howard voice actor Mel Blanc br Sara Berner uncredited musician Carl Stalling producer Edward Selzer studio Warner Bros. Cartoons, Inc. distributor Warner Bros. Warner Bros. Pictures release date March 16, 1946 USA color process Technicolor runtime 7 min. movie language English language English Baby Bottleneck is a 1945 Warner Brothers Looney Tunes reissued as a Merrie Melodies Blue Ribbon Merrie Melodies Blue Ribbon theatrical cartoon short released in 1946 and directed by Robert Clampett and written by Warren Foster . NOTOC Plot The cartoon opens with an overworked stork a clear Jimmy Durante reference getting drunk in the Stork Klub I do all the woik...and the fadders get all the credit . There is an emergency delivery in which inexperienced animals take the babies to their parents. As a result, babies are getting sent to the wrong parents such as a baby Hippopotamus to a Scottish Terrier , a baby alligator to a pig and a baby skunk to a goose . To clear up the confusion, Porky Pig is brought in to manage the factory, with Daffy Duck as his assistant. The babies are seen going through a conveyor belt to the tune of Raymond Scott s famous Powerhouse and getting sent by various animals, while Daffy mans the phones, making quick references to Bing Crosby who had four sons , Eddie Cantor five daughters and no sons , and the Dionne Quintuplets Mr. Dionne, puh leeze , is Daffy s shocked reaction . When a stray egg is found without an address, Porky decides to have Daffy sit on it until it hatches. However, Daffy and Porky, for some reason refuses to sit around on top of an egg. Porky chases Daffy around the factory complete with an imitation of Porky by Daffy , until they wind up trapped on the conveyor belt ... more details
Infobox Single Name Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Cover Artist Mercury Rev from Album Deserter s Songs B side Released January 25, 1999 Format CD, 12 vinyl Recorded Tarbox Studios, NRS Studios, Six Hours Studios Genre Alternative rock Length 3 06 edit br 3 51 album version Label V2 Records Writer Jimy Chambers, Jonathan Donahue , Sean Grasshopper musician Grasshopper Mackowiak Producer Dave Fridmann , Jonathan Donahue , Aaron Hurwitz Certification Last single Goddess on a Hiway br 1998 This single Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp br 1999 Next single Opus 40 song Opus 40 br 1999 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp is the second single from Mercury Rev s fourth studio album, Deserter s Songs . The single was released in the UK on January 25, 1999, and peaked at number 26 on the UK Singles Chart . Mercury Rev drummer Jimy Chambers is credited as the lyrics writer for Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp. B sides include live covers of Vampire Blues Neil Young and Isolation John Lennon . Track listing UK CD 1 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp The Chemical Brothers Remix 6 22 Vampire Blues Live 2 50 CD 2 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Holes I Collect Coins unlisted Live 7 04 Isolation Live 4 10 12 vinyl Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp The Chemical Brothers Remix 6 22 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Endlessly instrumental 4 25 Australia CD Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp The Chemical Brothers Remix 6 22 Vampire Blues Live 2 50 Holes I Collect Coins Live 7 04 Isolation Live 4 10 Category 1999 singles Category Mercury Rev songs ... more details
The Bottleneck traveling salesman problem bottleneck TSP is a problem in discrete optimization discrete or combinatorial optimization . It is stated as follows Find the Hamiltonian path Hamiltonian cycle in a Glossary of graph theory weighted graph which minimizes the weight of the most weighty Glossary of graph theory edge of the cycle. ref name gj cite book author Michael R. Garey and David S. Johnson year 1979 title Computers and Intractability A Guide to the Theory of NP Completeness publisher W.H. Freeman isbn 0 7167 1045 5 A2.3 ND24, pg.212. ref The problem is known to be NP hard . The decision problem version of this, for a given length x , is there a Hamiltonian cycle in a graph g with no edge longer than x ? , is NP complete . ref name gj In an asymmetric bottleneck TSP , there are cases where the weight from node A to B is different from the weight from B to A e. g. travel time between two cities with a traffic jam in one direction . Euclidean bottleneck TSP , or planar bottleneck TSP, is the bottleneck TSP with the distance being the ordinary Euclidean distance . The problem still remains NP hard, however many heuristics work better. If the graph is a metric space then there is an efficient approximation algorithm that finds a Hamiltonian cycle with maximum edge weight being no more than twice the optimum. ref cite journal author R. Garey Parker and Ronald L. Rardin year 1984 title Guaranteed performance heuristics for the bottleneck traveling salesman problem publisher Operations Research Letters 2 6 269 272 ref See also Travelling salesman problem References reflist 3. G. Carpaneto, S. Martello and P. Toth 1984 . An algorithm for the bottleneck travelling salesman problem . Operations Research 32 2 380 389. Category Combinatorial optimization Category Graph algorithms ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Coord 39 03 37 N 110 41 15 W type mountain region US UT scale 10000 display title Bottleneck Peak is a natural monolith located on the eastern side of Sids Mountain in the Utah San Rafael Swell wilderness area. DEFAULTSORT Bottleneck Peak And Moon Category Natural monoliths Category Rock formations in Utah Category Emery County, Utah Utah geo stub ... more details
Infobox Former Country native name Freistaat Flaschenhals conventional long name Free State Bottleneck common name Bottleneck continent Europe region Rhineland country Germany era Interwar period status Special status text Unoccupied territory within post WWI Weimar Republic Germany government type Republic year start 1919 year end 1923 event start date start 10 January event end Occupation of the Ruhr Abolished date end 23 February p1 Province of Hesse Nassau flag p1 Flagge Preu en Provinz Hessen Nassau.svg s1 Province of Hesse Nassau flag s1 Flagge Preu en Provinz Hessen Nassau.svg image flag ... footnotes The Free State Bottleneck lang de Freistaat Flaschenhals was a short lived quasi state that existed ... of the Rhineland following World War I . The Bottleneck is now part of the modern German states of Hesse ... nature of the Allied bridgeheads, this enclosed territory took on the shape of a bottleneck ... in the Bottleneck File Flaschenhals briefmarke.jpg 200px thumb right 50 Pfennig postage stamp of the Bottleneck, containing a map showing how the two Allied bridgeheads give the state its bottleneck like ... of this small territory. Pnischeck headed the Bottleneck s administration for the time of its ... connecting the Bottleneck to unoccupied Germany, trains were not permitted to stop there, and air or river ... from neighbouring R desheim Rhein R desheim and taken to the Bottleneck, where the coal was distributed ... Official website of the Free State Bottleneck ref Foreign relations The state issued its own passports ... Bottleneck was abolished on 23 February 1923 following the French Occupation of the Ruhr . The Bottleneck ... of Hesse Nassau Hesse Nassau . The Bottleneck today The territory that formerly comprised the Bottleneck is now part of the Rhine Gorge UNESCO World Heritage Site . The history of the Bottleneck is now ... an der Lahn Limburg , Kaub and Lorch Rheingau Lorch . Bottleneck stamps and currency are now sought ... www.freistaat flaschenhals.de eng index.htm Official website of the Free State Bottleneck States of the Weimar ... more details
The Shifting Bottleneck Heuristic is a procedure intended to minimize the time it takes to do work, or specifically, the makespan in a job shop . The makespan is defined as the amount of time, from start to finish, to complete a set of multi machine jobs where machine order is pre set for each job. Assuming that the jobs are actually competing for the same resources machines then there will always be one or more resources that act as a bottleneck in the processing. This heuristic , or rule of thumb procedure minimises the effect of the bottleneck. The Shifting Bottleneck engineering Bottleneck Heuristic is intended for job shops with a finite number of jobs and a finite number of machines. Uses Image processingTimes.png thumb right Machine Sequence and Processing Times Example The Shifting Bottleneck engineering Bottleneck Heuristic is used in manufacturing and service industries that include ... makespan Determine optimal sequence for bottleneck machine Considering precedence constraints ... Iteration 1 The next step is to determine which resource machine is currently the Bottleneck engineering bottleneck . This is done by considering the production time, denoted p sub ij sub , that each ... for each of the respective machines, the machine with the largest maximum lateness is the bottleneck ... be chosen for the bottleneck. All of this work is considered the first iteration. Once the Bottleneck engineering bottleneck has been determined, the path for the machine needs to be included in the drawing ... determined to be the bottleneck. Second iteration Image Iteration2.png thumb right Iteration 2 ... 2 . This is considered the second iteration. Again, determine which machine is the new Bottleneck engineering bottleneck . The new makespan is the old makespan plus the maximum lateness from the new bottleneck ... see Iteration 3 . At this point the Shifting Bottleneck engineering Bottleneck Heuristic is complete ... External links http www.inderscience.com filter.php?aid 9059 The shifting bottleneck procedure for job ... more details
In combinatorial optimization , a field within mathematics, the linear bottleneck assignment problem LBAP is similar to the linear assignment problem . ref http www.assignmentproblems.com Assignment Problems , by Rainer Burkard , Mauro Dell Amico, Silvano Martello, 2009, Chapter 6.2 http books.google.com books?id nHIzbApLOr0C&pg PA198&dq 22bottleneck assignment problem 22&hl en&ei A7f0S9DjMYH6sQOYt8CIBQ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 2&ved 0CDIQ6AEwAQ v onepage&q 22bottleneck 20assignment 20problem 22&f false Linear Bottleneck Assignment Problem p. 172 ref In plain words the problem is stated as follows There are a number of agents and a number of tasks . Any agent can be assigned to perform any task, incurring some cost that may vary depending on the agent task assignment. It is required to perform all tasks by assigning exactly one agent to each task in such a way that the maximum cost among the individual assignments is minimized. The term bottleneck is explained by a common type of application of the problem, where the cost is the duration of the task performed by an agent. In this setting the maximum cost is maximum duration , which is the bottleneck for the schedule of the overall job, to be minimized. Formal definition The formal definition of the bottleneck assignment problem is Given two sets, A and T , together with a weight function C A × T &rarr real number R . Find a bijection f A &rarr T such that the cost function math max a in A C a,f a math is minimized. Usually the weight function is viewed as a square real valued matrix mathematics matrix C , so that the cost function is written down as math max a in A C a,f a math Mathematical programming formulation math min , max i,j c ij x ij math subject to math sum n j 1 x ij 1 i 1,2, dots, n , math math sum n i 1 x ij 1 j 1,2, dots, n , math math x ij in 0,1 i, j 1,2, dots,n math References reflist Category Combinatorial optimization ... more details
In mathematics, the quadratic bottleneck assignment problem QBAP is one of fundamental combinatorial optimization problems in the branch of Optimization mathematics optimization or operations research , from the category of the facilities location problems. ref http www.assignmentproblems.com Assignment Problems , by Rainer Burkard , Mauro Dell Amico, Silvano Martello, 2009 ref It is related to the quadratic assignment problem in the same way as the linear bottleneck assignment problem is related to the linear assignment problem , the sum is replaced with max in the objective function . The problem models the following real life problem There are a set of n facilities and a set of n locations. For each pair of locations, a distance is specified and for each pair of facilities a weight or flow is specified e.g., the amount of supplies transported between the two facilities . The problem is to assign all facilities to different locations with the goal of minimizing the maximum of the distances multiplied by the corresponding flows. Computational complexity The problem is NP hard . Special cases Bottleneck traveling salesman problem Graph bandwidth problem References reflist Category NP hard problems Category combinatorial optimization ... more details
Wikify date June 2010 in particular references The information bottleneck method is a technique introduced by Naftali Tishby et al. 1 for finding the best tradeoff between accuracy and complexity Data compression compression when random variable summarizing e.g. data clustering clustering a random variable X , given a joint probability distribution between X and an observed relevant variable Y . Other applications include distributional clustering, and dimension reduction . In a well defined sense it generalized the classical notion of minimal sufficient statistics from parametric statistics to arbitrary distributions, not necessarily of exponential form. It does so by relaxing the sufficiency condition to capture some fraction of the mutual information with the relevant variable Y . The compressed ... T , math and math T Y , math respectively. Gaussian information bottleneck 2 A relatively simple application of the information bottleneck is to Gaussian variates and this has some semblance to a least ... math where math r i U i T Sigma XX U i. , math Applying the Gaussian information bottleneck on time ... bottleneck This application of the bottleneck method to non Gaussian sampled data is described in 4 ... framework of the bottleneck. Density estimation Main Density estimation Since the bottleneck method ... with the bottleneck method itself. Define an arbitrarily increasing distance metric math f , math ... bottleneck equation. math D KL a b , math is the Kullback Leibler distance between distributions ... labs learning Papers allerton.pdf The Information Bottleneck method . The 37th annual Allerton ... Bottleneck for Gaussian Variables . Journal of Machine Learning Research 6, Jan 2005, pp. 165 ... 1041 4 N Tishby, N Slonim Data clustering by Markovian Relaxation and the Information Bottleneck ... Clustering using Word Clusters via the Information Bottleneck Method , SIGIR 2000, pp. 208 ... The Information Bottleneck Revisited or How to Choose a Good Distortion Measure . In proceedings ... more details
expected and does not, in itself, indicate a population bottleneck, because mitochondrial ..., in 2000, a Molecular Biology and Evolution paper suggested a transplanting model or a long bottleneck ... age for Y TMRCA is more recent than the evidence for expansion. In addition, despite evidence of a bottleneck ... size oscillation The term bottleneck has been used to describe the population structure that created mtDNA Eve. The appearance of a bottleneck was a consequence of the appearance of a big bang of HVR ... in time this is what might be called a retrograde bottleneck , however it is an artifact of coalescence ... and Modern humans ancestors were part of a single population. Evidence against a population bottleneck ... up until 70,000 150,000 years ago, not a brief constricting bottleneck, but a long period of constrained size followed by an expansion. Evidence for a population bottleneck Confidence intervals of population size do not require an alternative, population bottleneck , hypothesis. However, a bottleneck ... more details
Expert subject Computing date February 2009 nofootnotes date August 2009 In computer networking networking and in graph theory , capillary routing , for a given network, is a multi path solution between a pair of source and destination nodes. Unlike shortest path routing or max flow routing for any network topology only one capillary routing solution exists. Capillary routing can be constructed by an iterative linear programming LP process transforming a single path flow into a capillary route. First optimization mathematics minimize the maximal value of the load of all links by minimizing an upper bound value applied to all links. The full mass of the flow will be split equally across the possible parallel routes. Find the bottleneck links of the first layer see below and fix their load at the found minimum. Minimize similarly the maximal load of all remaining links without the bottleneck links of the first layer. This second iteration further refines the path diversity. Find the bottleneck links of the second layer. Minimize the maximal load of all remaining links, but now without the bottlenecks of the second layer as well. Repeat this iteration until the entire communication footprint is enclosed in the bottlenecks of the constructed layers. At each layer, after minimizing the maximal load of links, the bottlenecks of the layer are discovered in a bottleneck hunting loop. At each iteration of the hunting loop, we minimize the load of the traffic over all links having maximal load and being suspected as bottlenecks. Links not maintaining their load at the maximum are removed from the suspect list. The bottleneck hunting loop stops if there are no more links to remove. The animated image shows capillary routing footprint between a pair of nodes in a mobile ad hoc network. References reflist External links http switzernet.com people emin gabrielyan 060129 capillary documentation Capilary routing documentation Category Routing Category Computer networking Category F ... more details
An Information Product is any final product in the form of information that a person needs to have. This Information Product consists of several Information Element , which are located in the organizational value chain . To illustrate the concept of an IP, an example is shown of a bottleneck analysis in HR by J. Willems 2008 . Here, the illustration shows how the Information Elements e.g. Qualifications build up the Information Product e.g. HR File . File Bottleneck analysis.png See also Information logistics , Information Element External links http community.nyenrode.nl blogs ilblog default.aspx Nyenrode Information Logistics Weblog Sources http www.nyenrode.nl facultyandresearch nri Documents Working 20papers NRI08 02.pdf From Having to Using by Willems 2008 Information Logistics Working Paper Nyenrode Category Logistics Category Business nl Informatieproduct ... more details
In computer science , CPU bound or compute bound is when the time for a computer to complete a task is determined principally by the speed of the Central processing unit central processor processor utilization is high, perhaps at 100 usage for many seconds or minutes. Interrupt s generated by peripheral s may be processed slowly, or indefinitely delayed. The concept of CPU bound was developed during early computers, when data paths between computer components were simpler, and it was possible to visually see one component working while another was idle. Examples components were CPU, tape drives, hard disks, card readers, and printers. Computers that predominantly used peripherals were characterized as I O bound . Establishing that a computer is frequently CPU bound implies that upgrading the CPU or optimizing code will improve the overall computer performance. With the advent of multiple busses, parallel processing, Computer multitasking multiprogramming , preemption computing preemptive scheduling, advanced graphics cards , advanced sound cards and generally, more decentralized loads, it became less likely to identify one particular component as always being a Bottleneck engineering bottleneck . It is likely that a computer s bottleneck shifts rapidly between components. Furthermore, in modern computers it is possible to have 100 CPU utilization with minimal impact to another component. Finally, tasks required of modern computers often emphasize quite different components, so that resolving a bottleneck for one task may not affect the performance of another. For these reasons, upgrading a CPU does not always have a dramatic effect. The concept of being CPU bound is now one of many factors considered in modern computer performance. References Unreferenced date April 2007 Category Central processing unit ... more details
Summary Third Generation Mesh eliminates the first and second generation intermittent send receive send cycle by using two radios for the backhaul in place of one. Note that the two radios are operating on separate non interfering channels. Now the bottleneck of the single radio send receive wait cycle is eliminated. Simultaneous send and receive is now possible. This dramatically improves latency over multiple mesh hops. Licensing GFDL self migration relicense ... more details
Geomipmapping or geometrical mipmapping is a real time block based terrain rendering algorithm developed by W.H. de Boer in 2000 that aims to reduce CPU processing time which is a common bottleneck in level of detail approaches to terrain rendering. ref geomipmapping References note geomipmapping de Boer, W.H., Fast Terrain Rendering using Geometrical Mipmapping , in flipCode featured articles, October 2000. Available at http www.flipcode.com tutorials tut geomipmaps.shtml. compu graphics stub Category Computer graphics algorithms ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In computer science , a local bus is a computer bus that connects directly, or almost directly, from the Central processing unit CPU to one or more slots on the expansion bus . The significance of direct connection to the CPU is avoiding the bottleneck engineering bottleneck created by the expansion bus, thus providing fast throughput . There are several local buses built into various types of computers to increase the speed of data transfer. Local buses for expanded memory and video boards are the most common. VESA Local Bus is an example of a local bus design. Although VL Bus was later succeeded by Accelerated Graphics Port AGP , it is not correct to categorize AGP as a local bus. Whereas VL Bus operated on the CPU s memory bus at the CPU s clock speed, an AGP peripheral runs at specified clock speeds that run independently of the CPU clock usually using a divider of the CPU clock . DEFAULTSORT Local Bus Compu hardware stub Category Computer buses ko ... more details
This list includes relevant Bluegrass music Bluegrass , Rockabilly , Country blues , Country rock , Dobro , Slide Guitar , and Pedal Steel Guitar Chet Atkins Jerry Douglas Dobro, Bluegrass B.J. Cole Pedal Steel Bonnie Raitt Bottleneck Leo Kottke Acoustic Arlen Roth Danny Gatton Jerry Donahue Will Ray John Jorgenson Ricky Skaggs Steve Wariner Brent Mason James Burton Scotty Anderson Roy Buchanan Jerry Reed Albert Lee Merle Haggard Carl Perkins Rockabilly Buddy Holly Rockabilly Scotty Moore Rockabilly Ry Cooder Bottleneck Merle Travis Country Roy Clark Country Tony Rice Bluegrass , acoustic Doc Watson Bluegrass , Traditional Country Norman Blake American musician Norman Blake Bluegrass , Traditional Country Clarence White Vince Gill Country Keith Urban Country Dan Crary Bluegrass Joe Maphis Country Mark O Connor Bluegrass Hank Snow Country Les Paul Contemporary , Country Luther Perkins Rockabilly Pete Drake Pedal Steel Don Reno Bluegrass , Country Speedy West Pedal Steel Bob Wootton Country Buddy Emmons Pedal Steel Jerry Byrd Pedal Steel Tom Brumley Pedal Steel Leon McAuliffe Western Swing Glen Campbell Country Category Lists of guitarists Country Music ... more details
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